2025屆新高考英語熱點沖刺復習主旨大意閱讀題

2025屆新高考英語熱點沖刺復習

主旨大意閱讀題CONTENTS主要內容型01寫作目的型文章標題型03習題練習040201主要內容型Whatis主旨大意題？主旨大意題主要考察的是對文章核心內容的理解和把握能力。?這種題型通常出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解中，要求考生能夠準確概括文章的中心思想或主旨，理解文章的主要內容和意圖。具體來說，主旨大意題可能以選擇文章最佳標題、概括文章中心大意、文章段落大意等形式出現(xiàn)。這類題型要求考生能夠快速識別文章的主題，理解文章的主要論點，并能夠從文章中提取關鍵信息來回答問題。提問方式：1.段落大意類(1)Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?(2)Themainideaofthefirstparagraphprobablyis_____.(3)WhichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizeParagraphone?2.文章大意類(1)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?(2)Themainideaofthepassageis___________.提問方式：3.標題概括類(1)Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe_____________.(2)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?(3)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?主要內容型：特點：選項多為陳述句，要求考生選擇表達作者思想或觀點的句子。解題策略與技巧：畫出段落主題句或關鍵詞，結合選項，選出正確答案。如何尋找主題句：特點：概括性（1）Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.主題句在文首：開頭主題+論證性細節(jié)。文體：應用文書信說明文科技文獻新聞報道如何尋找主題句：特點：概括性（2）Somepeoplelikereading,andsomepeoplelikeswimming.Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,andtraveling.Infact,differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.MyfriendAnnstudiesveryhard.Soherhobbyisreadingallkindsofbooks.Tonylovesworkingwithherhands,andhishobbyisgardening.主題句在文中：例子/問題（鋪墊）—主題提出—進一步解釋說明文體：說明文科技文獻研究報告提示詞歸納：轉折關系的詞----后：but,

yet,

however,

in

fact,actually,

indeed,...總結性，結論性的詞----后：in

brief，inshort,

afterall,all

in

all,tosumup,in

conclusion,

inaword,so,therefore表研究成果的詞----內容:show,indicate,suggest,accordingto...舉例子的詞----前:forexample,forinstance,take...asanexample,...如何尋找主題句：特點：概括性（3）Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcan'tbeboughtwithmoney.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Soyoushouldalwayssayyouarehappy.主題句在文末：事實依據(jù)—層層推理—得出結論（主題）文體：廣告類哲理性故事總結：如何尋找主題句：?？既N結構：（1）總——分：主題句在段首（2）分——總：主題句在段尾（3）分——總——分：主題句在中間如何尋找主題句：特點：概括性（4）Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller，cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?主題句在首尾：主題—進一步引申—主題（5）Everyone

can

experience

anger

sometimes.

But

not

everyone

can

control

itproperly.

To

some

people,

controlling

anger

seems

like

the

hardest

thing

in

the

world

to

do.

Control

these

bytalking

to

yourself

in

your

own

mind,

when

you

experience

unwanted

feeling.

By

talking

it

over

in

your

ownhead

you

can

work

out

how

you

will

best

deal

with

the

situation.Anger

control

can

also

be

achieved

bycommunicatingwithotherswith

honesty.You

can

effectively

train

yourself

to

respond

to

situations

without

getting

annoyed

about

things.

It

is

important

to

rememberitispossibleforeveryonetogetangry

and

therefore,controllingitistherealchallenge.高頻詞：圍繞某個主題展開的---反復出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫做主題詞反復強調的是重點，重點是考點文體：議論文技巧：（1）段落中出現(xiàn)表示轉折的詞語(如however,but,infact,actually等)時，轉折詞后的句子很可能是主題句。（2）首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。（3）作者有意識地重復的觀點，通常是主旨；反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關鍵詞。（4）表示總結或結論的句子常包含therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion等詞語。33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.（一）主要內容型普及，流行，受歡迎，知名度，聲望（一）主要內容型MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmyday’sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It’sachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn’tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.（一）主要內容型MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmyday’sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It’sachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn’tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.Tips:關注一些表轉折關系的連詞:but,

yet,

however,

in

fact,

indeed等，這些詞后面通常連接著關鍵訊息。

（一）主要內容型MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad.Whatisshereading?Noneofyourbusiness!LunchisBechtel’s“me”time.AndlikemoreAmericans,she’snotalone.Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook.Bechtel,whoworksindowntownWestPalmBeach,haslunchwithcoworkerssometimes,butlikemanyofus,toooftenworksthroughlunchatherdesk.Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar.Helikesthathecansitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe’sonafirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction(交流).“Ireflectonhowmyday’sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It’sachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn’tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.Tips:關注一些表轉折關系的連詞:but,

yet,

however,

in

fact,

indeed等，這些詞后面通常連接著關鍵訊息。

02寫作目的型寫作目的型：

選項多為動賓結構，要求考生找到某句話、某段話或者某篇文章主要的寫作目的。解題方法：?快速瀏覽文章首尾段和各段落的首尾句?，找到主題句，抓出文章的主旨，然后通過主旨來推斷作者的寫作目的。通常議論文、新聞報道、說明文等主題句多在開頭，可以快速推斷出作者的寫作目的?。?分析文章的文體?，不同文體的寫作目的不同。例如，議論文的目的是說服讀者接受或贊同作者的某一觀點，說明文的目的是使讀者獲得某種知識或提出建議?。?注意文章中的轉折詞?，如however,but,yet等，這些詞往往標志著作者觀點的轉變或對比。PacificScienceCenterGuide◆VisitPacificScienceCenter'sStoreDon'tforgettostopbyPacificScienceCenter'sStorewhileyouareheretopickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome.◆Hungry?Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmindbutwhataboutyourbody?Ourcaféoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inadditiontoseasonalspecials.ThecaféislocatedupstairsinBuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourbeforePacificScienceCentercloses.◆RentalInformationLockersareavailable...

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Since1962PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(熱情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.TodayPacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbeingsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcompanyeventsalloverWashington

State.It’sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.VisittofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.23.Whatisthe

purposeofthelastpartofthetext? A.Toencouragedonations. B.Toadvertisecomingevents. C.Tointroducespecialexhibits. D.TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.03文章標題型三、小標題文章標題題主要考查對文章主題思想的把握能力和對抽象概括性語言的理解能力。文章的標題高度概括文章的內容,點明文章主題,且短小精悍，言簡意賅。它可以是單詞、短語，也可以是簡短的句子,甚至可以是疑問詞加不定式結構或名詞加同位語結構。常見設問方式：Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?做題小技巧：1.標題特征：_概括_性，_準確_性，_趣味_性2.概括文章大意的_名_詞（詞組），包含于標題。3.若有_主題_句，標題是_主題_句的濃縮。4.找標題關注：_首_段，_尾_段5.干擾項特點：_擴大范圍，以偏概全，無中生有，曲解文意簡而言之：1.正面肯定法：畫出主題句，找出高頻關鍵詞。2.反面否定法：設想四個選項對應的文章內容，然后和原文對照，排除不符合選項。Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小學),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.（三）標題概括類

Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(從事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(調查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate—sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLastC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressivenessTips:關注表總結，結論的詞:in

brief/short,therefore,thus,in

conclusion,

inaword等，這些詞后面連接的通常是主題句。

Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小學),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.（三）標題概括類

Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(從事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(調查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate—sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLastC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness總結正確選項特征：1.涵蓋性強，覆蓋全文或全段。2.確定范圍恰當，既不太大，也不太小3.精確性強干擾選項特征：過于籠統(tǒng)不知所云概括范圍過大，超出文章所述內容以偏概全主次不分只闡述了文章一部分內容，以部分細節(jié)充當全文主要內容移花接木偷換概念包含文章關鍵詞，但是所述內容與文章并不相符無中生有生搬硬套選項內容與文章內容毫無聯(lián)系04習題練習Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere’sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.Newresearchfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia(癡呆癥)inlaterlife—andiftheydid，itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen.LeadresearcherDrHelenaH?rder，oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden，said：“Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”Forthestudy，191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretiredouttomeasuretheirpeak(最大值的)cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevelwithacapacityof120wattsorhigher，while92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory.Atotalof59wereoflowfitnesslevel，withapeakworkloadof80wattsorless，orhavingtheirtestsstoppedbecauseofhealthproblems.Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthattime，44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendevelopeddementia，comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlowfitness.“However，thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia，itonlyshowsanassociation，”saidH?rder.“Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant.”Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied，allofwhomwerefromSweden，sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MoreWomenAreExercisingtoPreventDementiaB.Middle-AgedWomenNeedtoDoMoreExerciseC.FitWomenAreLessLikelytoDevelopDementiaD.BikingImprovesWomen’sCardiovascularFitness√AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica，shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle，lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-