標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

《GB/T 44611-2024 栽培介質(zhì)有害生物檢測規(guī)程》是一項國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，旨在規(guī)范栽培介質(zhì)中可能存在的有害生物的檢測方法與流程。該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于農(nóng)業(yè)、園藝等領(lǐng)域內(nèi)使用的各種栽培介質(zhì)（如土壤、泥炭、椰糠等）中有害生物（包括但不限于昆蟲、螨類、線蟲、真菌、細(xì)菌和病毒）的檢測。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)首先明確了適用范圍及術(shù)語定義，確保使用者能夠準(zhǔn)確理解其內(nèi)容并正確應(yīng)用。接著，詳細(xì)描述了樣品采集的方法，強(qiáng)調(diào)了采集過程中需要注意的關(guān)鍵點，比如避免交叉污染、保持樣品完整性等原則，以保證后續(xù)檢測結(jié)果的有效性和準(zhǔn)確性。

在樣品處理部分，《GB/T 44611-2024》提供了多種處理技術(shù)的選擇指南，根據(jù)不同的目標(biāo)生物類型推薦相應(yīng)的預(yù)處理步驟，如篩選、漂浮分離或化學(xué)提取等，以便于更有效地分離出待檢生物體。

對于具體的檢測方法，《GB/T 44611-2024》列舉了幾種常見且有效的技術(shù)手段，包括顯微鏡觀察法、分子生物學(xué)鑒定法（如PCR）、免疫學(xué)測試（ELISA）以及培養(yǎng)基直接接種法等，并對每種方法的操作細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行了說明。此外，還特別指出了某些特定情況下應(yīng)采取的特殊措施，比如針對難以培養(yǎng)或生長緩慢的微生物時可采用的替代方案。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權(quán)發(fā)布的權(quán)威標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔。

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文檔簡介

ICS

65.020.20

CCS

B16

中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T44611—2024

栽培介質(zhì)有害生物檢測規(guī)程

Codeofpracticeforthedetectionofpestsinthegrowingmedium

2024-09-29發(fā)布2025-04-01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會

GB/T44611—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術(shù)語和定義

···························································································

1

4

栽培介質(zhì)基本信息

····················································································

1

5

檢測程序

······························································································

1

6

檢測對象及檢測依據(jù)

·················································································

2

6.1

檢測對象

·························································································

2

6.2

檢測依據(jù)

·························································································

2

7

現(xiàn)場檢驗

······························································································

3

8

實驗室檢測

···························································································

3

8.1

昆蟲及軟體動物檢測

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3

8.2

線蟲檢測

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3

8.3

植物病原菌物檢測

···············································································

3

8.4

植物病原細(xì)菌檢測

···············································································

3

8.5

雜草檢測

·························································································

4

9

檢測結(jié)果報告

·························································································

4

10

綜合判定

····························································································

4

11

檢測記錄及樣品保存

················································································

4

11.1

檢測記錄內(nèi)容

···················································································

4

11.2

樣品及記錄保存

················································································

4

附錄A（資料性）

栽培介質(zhì)中主要檢疫性有害生物名單

·············································

6

A.1

線蟲

·····························································································

6

A.2

菌物

·····························································································

6

A.3

細(xì)菌

·····························································································

7

附錄B（規(guī)范性）

線蟲分離方法

······································································

8

B.1

漂浮分離法

······················································································

8

B.2

改良漏斗法

······················································································

8

附錄C（規(guī)范性）

菌物檢測方法

······································································

9

C.1

洗滌檢驗法

······················································································

9

C.2

稀釋分離法

······················································································

9

C.3

選擇性培養(yǎng)基分離法

············································································

9

參考文獻(xiàn)

································································································

10

Ⅰ

GB/T44611—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由全國植物檢疫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC271）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國檢驗檢疫科學(xué)研究院、寧波海關(guān)技術(shù)中心、蘇州晶睿生物科技有限公司、

滿洲里海關(guān)、寧夏回族自治區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣總站、福州海關(guān)技術(shù)中心、山東大學(xué)。

本文件主要起草人：田茜、顧建鋒、段維軍、吳堯、劉瑋琦、李秋實、徐晗、杜偉、于文濤、

張偉。

Ⅲ

GB/T44611—2024

栽培介質(zhì)有害生物檢測規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件給出了栽培介質(zhì)的基本信息，確立了栽培介質(zhì)有害生物檢測程序，規(guī)定了檢測對象的確定及

檢測依據(jù)的選擇、現(xiàn)場檢驗、實驗室檢測、出具檢測結(jié)果報告以及綜合判定的過程，描述了記錄及保存

的證實方法。

本文件適用于進(jìn)出境及國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)流通的栽培介質(zhì)中有害生物的檢測鑒定。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日

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