牛津譯林版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)第八單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

8AUnit8知識(shí)點(diǎn)Who

will

mop

up

the

water

if

I

go

home

without

you?

mopn.拖把Iusedamoptosopupthespilledwater.我用拖把把潑出的水擦干。mopv.用拖把擦干凈mop

up“把....拖干凈”。它的賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞，則代詞必須放在up前。The

floor

is

wet,

Mop

it

up,

Bill.

地板濕了。比爾，把它拖干凈。3）up

adv

完全地

mop

up

/

eat

up

/clean

up

/use

up

翻譯：他正在擦地板。Earthquakekillsthousandsofpeople.thousandsof成千上萬的，數(shù)以千計(jì)的。表示概數(shù)。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有hundredsof,millionsof。表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時(shí)，則不僅要要用復(fù)數(shù)，而且要后接介詞of，然后才能接名詞。Thesunwasshining.Thousandsofpeoplewerelyingonthebeach.陽(yáng)光燦爛，數(shù)以千計(jì)的人躺在海灘上。Hiscoatisworthhundredsofdollars.他的大衣值好幾百美元。當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí)，習(xí)慣上用單數(shù)，而且也不后接介詞of。Hewaspreparedtopaytwomillion.他愿意支付200萬。注意：但是，當(dāng)這些詞后面的名詞有了the,these,those等特指限定詞修飾時(shí)，或其后的接的是us,them這樣的人稱代詞時(shí)，則此時(shí)必須用介詞of。Aboutthreehundredofthemhaveleftthere.他們當(dāng)中約有300人離開了那兒。例題：ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof3.At

first，I

felt

a

slight

shake.

1）shaken.“搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)”；Herefusedmyrequestwithashakeofhishead.他頭一搖拒絕了我的要求。2）v.“搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)；發(fā)抖”Can

I

shake

hands

with

you?

我可以與你握個(gè)手嗎？翻譯：我們第一次遇見某人時(shí)，通常握手。4.Outside,

people

were

running

in

all

directions

while

pieces

of

glass

and

bricks

were

falling

down.1）in

all

directions意為“四面八方”。You

father

walked

in

the

direction

of

the

post

office．你父親朝郵局的方向走去了。2）directionn.方向；指導(dǎo)；用法說明；趨勢(shì)；目標(biāo)；管理Followthedirectionsthatyourdoctorgivesyou.根據(jù)醫(yī)生給你的說明。3）directv.adj.直接的；筆直的；坦白的v.對(duì)準(zhǔn)；指揮；指示；命令Keepproductawayfromdirectsunlightandstoreinadrycoolplace.置放在不受陽(yáng)光直射,干燥通風(fēng)的地方。詞匯：Thethiefranintothissupermarket,sothepolicewentinthesamed_______tocatchhim.5.I

felt

nervous

and

my

heart

was

beating

fast.

1）beatv.打，擊，敲；沖擊He

beat

his

brother

for

lying.

他因?yàn)樗男值苷f謊而揍他。

2）beatv.打敗，勝過Ifwedon'tprepareforthespeechcontest,theywillbeatus.如果這場(chǎng)演講比賽我們不做好準(zhǔn)備的話,他們就會(huì)打敗我們。beat,win區(qū)別：win和beat都可用作及物動(dòng)詞．作“贏，戰(zhàn)勝”講時(shí)，其區(qū)別主要在于賓語(yǔ)的不同。win的賓語(yǔ)通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、獎(jiǎng)品、金錢等名詞，即race，match，game，competition，war，prize之類的詞-beat的賓語(yǔ)則通常是比賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的對(duì)手，即人或球隊(duì)的名詞或代詞。They

won

the

match

this

time.這次比賽他們贏了。

We

played

very

well,

and

we

beaten

them.

我們發(fā)揮得很好，打敗了他們。例題：ItwillbeimpossibleZhangYining.A.winB.towinC.beatD.tobeat6.A

moment

of

fear

went

through

my

mind,

but

I

told

myself

to

calm

down

since

l

was

still

alive.1）mindn.意為“頭腦；想法”；作動(dòng)詞，意為“介意，反對(duì)”，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。

We

changed

our

minds

at

last.

最后我們改變了主意。

Do

you

mind

my

sitting

here?

你介意我坐在這嗎？

calm

down意為“鎮(zhèn)定，平靜下來”，賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞，則必須放在中間。We

must

calm

him

down

now.

我們現(xiàn)在必須讓他平靜下來。

3）alive是live的形容詞形式。但它只能作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不可以作定語(yǔ)，與dead相對(duì)。

比較級(jí)

more

alive

最高級(jí)

most

alive

stay

alive仍活著;

活著He

found

himself

still

alive

after

the

accident.

It's

lucky.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他自己在事故后還活著。真是幸運(yùn)。注意：alive,live,living，lively區(qū)別A．a(chǎn)live意為“活著”，側(cè)重說明生與死之間的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用來作表語(yǔ)，后置定語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)。雖有死的可能，但還活著。Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.他想讓魚活著。B．living意為“活著”強(qiáng)調(diào)說明“尚在人間”，“健在”，可用來指人或物，作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。Myfirstteacherisstillliving.我的啟蒙老師仍健在。Englishisalivinglanguage.英語(yǔ)是活的語(yǔ)言。注意:living前加上the,表示類別，指“活著的人們”。living還可用于短語(yǔ)，例如:makealiving謀生。makea/one'slivingby+ing通過干……謀生C．live“活著的”，通常指物，不指人，常用來作定語(yǔ)放名詞的前面。還指“實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的”。alivewire有電的電線alivefish一條活魚。D．lively則意為“活潑的”，“活躍”，“充滿生氣的”，可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)，既可指人，又可指物。Jennyisalivelygirl.詹妮是個(gè)活潑的女孩。Everythingislivelyhere.這兒一切都生機(jī)勃勃。例題：用alive,living,live或lively的適當(dāng)形式填空①---Areyourparentsstill______?---Yes,ofcourse.②Iwasshockedbya_______mouse.③Thesunaffectsall_______things.7.ThenI

heard

shouts

from

excited

people

.

1）shout

n.

呼喊；呼叫

Againandagaintheaudiencebrokeoutintoshoutsofapplause.聽眾中爆發(fā)出一陣陣高聲的贊許聲。2）v.

shout

at對(duì)....大喊

shout

loudly大聲的喊3）excited修飾人，exciting修飾物

8.Timmywasasleepwhentheearthquakestarted.1）asleep,sleepy,sleep區(qū)別A．sleepn.&vi.睡覺,睡眠h(yuǎn)aveagoodsleep.好好睡一覺LastnightIsleepverywell.我昨天晚上睡得很好。B．sleeping是sleep的現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞。作前置定語(yǔ)。thesleepingcar臥車車廂asleepingbag睡袋sleepingpills安眠藥C．a(chǎn)sleepadj.睡著的,作表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),指狀態(tài)。Hewastootiredandfellasleepatonce.他太累了，立刻就睡著了。D．sleepyadj.作表語(yǔ),意為“瞌睡的、困倦的”;作前置定語(yǔ),意為“寂靜的”。Sheisalwayssleepy.她總是想睡覺。Hegoestobedverylateeveryday,soheoftenfeelssleepy.他每天睡得很遲，因此經(jīng)常感到困乏。E．oversleep睡過頭fallasleep入睡soundasleep.酣睡fastasleep睡得很熟2）when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。WhenhecomesI'lltellhimaboutit.他來的時(shí)候我將告訴他。例題1：Thegirlfeltso____thatshefell_______atthetable.A.sleepy;asleepB.sleepy;sleepyC.asleep;sleepyD.asleep;asleep例題2：---Linda,Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredthephone.---I’msorry.I________footballwithmyfriendsthen.A.playB.playedC.amplayingD.wasplaying9.People

were

trying

to

clear

the

snow

from

the

streets.1）clearadj.“清晰的，透明的”，clearly是它的副詞形式；Likethesky,Ifeelmyheartisbecomingclear.像這片天空一樣,我感到我的心靈也澄清了。2）v.“清除，打掃”。We

should

clear

up

the

park.

It's

too

dirty.

我們應(yīng)把公園清掃干凈。太臟了。clearup(v.+adv.)A．把…收拾整齊,打掃干凈Shallweclearupbeforewegoout?我們是不是在出去前把東西收拾好?Pleaseclearupthelitterbeforeyouleavetheoffice.請(qǐng)你離開辦公室前把這堆廢紙雜物清理掉。B．治療,治愈cure;becomecuredclearupThisskindiseasewillclearupinadayortwo.這種皮膚病一兩天之內(nèi)就會(huì)好的。C．處理,完成finishclearsthI'dliketoclearuptherestoftheworkwhichwaswaitingformeaftermyholiday.我喜歡把假期后要做的活一塊干完。D．(天空)放晴brightenclearupAlthoughitisstillraining,i