閱讀與練習(xí)7- 高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)

ItisdeepwinterinAntarctica，thetimeofyearthatthecontinentissurroundedbymillionsofsquaremilesofthefrozenocean.Butthisyear，thereisalotlessseaicethaneverrecordedbefore.Itisbadnewsforpeoplearoundtheworld，becauseseaicehelpscontrolhowquicklytherestofAntarcticasicemelts，whichcontributestotheglobalsealevelrise.“It'sabigenoughdealtobealarmingtoclimatescientists，”saysTedScambos，whostudiesAntarcticaattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“We'veseenadeclineinseaicecoversinceabout2016，but2023tookahugejumpdownward.”ThemissingiceisaproblemforpeoplefarfromAntarctica.Whileseaicelossdoesn'tcontributedirectlytothesealevelrise—meltingseaicedoesn'taddanyextrawatertotheocean—Antarcticseaiceactslikeaprotectivecollararoundthecontinent.“Thoseiceshelvescontainalotoffrozenwater，andiftheybreakandbecomeapartoftheocean，that'sgoingtoraiseglobalsealevel，”saysMarilynRaphael，whostudiesAntarcticseaiceattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeles.Scientistsareracingtofigureouthowmuchofthaticeislikelytomeltinthenexthundredyears，andtounderstandwhytheseaicebecamesmallersosuddenlythisyear.Theyarechallengingquestionstoanswer，becauseAntarcticaandtheoceansurroundingitareenormous，complexandremote.UnliketheArctic，wherehumanshavelivedforathousandyears，theAntarcticrequiresspecializedshipsandplanestovisit，andisbasicallyinaccessibleforhalftheyear.“Thisisaverysurprising，difficultsystemtoforecastandpredict，”saysScambos，whohasbeenstudyingAntarcticaformorethan30years.Onetheoryaboutwhytheseaiceissosmallthisyearisthatwarmoceanwaterfromotherpartsoftheplanethasstartedtomixwiththelayerofwateratthesurface，whereseaiceforms.ReadingCheck1.What'sTedScambosattitudetowardstheseaice'sbecomingsmaller？A.Positive.B.Neutral.C.Indifferent.D.Concerned.2.Whatdoweknowaboutseaiceloss？A.Itcontributesindirectlytothesealevelrise.B.Itonlyaffectspeoplelivingnearby.C.Itcancausecoastalflooding.D.Itwillbecomelessseriousinthenexthundredyears.3.Whyisitdifficulttofigureoutthecauseoftheseaice'sbecomingsmallerthisyear？A.Novehiclescangetthere.B.ItsnowsforhalfayearinAntarctica.C.VisitingAntarcticaisnotaneasyjob.D.ScientistsignoreAntarcticaforlong.4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout？A.AwarninggivenbyascientiststudyingAntarctica.B.Areasonwhytheseaicebecomessosmall.C.Asuggestionputforwardbyafamousscientist.D.Amethodofdealingwithseaiceloss.Scientistsareracingtofigureouthowmuchofthaticeislikelytomeltinthenexthundredyears，andtounderstandwhytheseaicebecamesmallersosuddenlythisyear.科學(xué)家們正競(jìng)相計(jì)算出在未來(lái)一百年內(nèi)有多少冰可能融化，并了解為什么今年海冰急劇減少。【點(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。howmuch引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)figureout的賓語(yǔ)；why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞understand的賓語(yǔ)。Needtogetridofoldclothes？Yourenotalone：Withfastfashion，it'seasierthanevertobuyintotrends.Butcheapclothesarentmadetolastandthatexcessoftenendsupinalongchainofcarbonandlaborintensiveresellingandrecycling，ifnotdirectlyintoalandfill.Donatingisapopularalternative，butyoushouldalsoknowthatonlyabout10to20percentofdonatedclothinggetssoldatthriftshops.Decidingwheretodonatemakesabigdifferencenotonlytoyourenvironmentalfootprintbutalsotoyourcommunity.Whenyoudropoffclothesfordonation，theyarefirstsortedsothemostvaluablegarmentsaresoldonlineandinthriftshops.Thebestwaytoensureyourgood，usableclothingdoesn'tbecomewasteistoincreasethechancesthatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit.First，don'twaittoolongifyouchoosetodonateclothingtoanorganization，bigorsmall.Thesoonerfolksdonatetheirunwanteditems，themoredemandthereisforthem.Whereveryoudonate，ensureclothesarecleananddry.Ifit'sdamagedorstained，don'tsendittothriftshops.Theydon'thavethecapacitytodorepairsanditjustcreatesa

financialburdeninadditiontotheecoburden，anddefeatsthepurposeofthecharitableaction.Youcanalsodealdirectlywithpeoplelookingtouseyourclothes.Thiscouldbeinayardsale，yourlocalBuyNothingProject，oralocalonlinegiveawaygroup.Youcanalsosell，swap，orrentindividualpiecesonappslikeReSuitorVinted.Itcantaketimeandthere'sacarboncost：shippingisrequiredtogettothebuyer，ortothewarehousethentothebuyer.Clothesthatarestainedordamagedbeyondrepairwilllikelyneverberewornbutcanstillbedivertedfromlandfills.Youcansendyourclothesdirectlytorecyclingcompanies.Oldclothescanbedowncycledintostuffing，carpetpadding，andwipersforcarwashes，andevengeneratedintonewtextiles.ReadingCheck1.Howcanweefficientlyavoidclotheswaste？A.Byfindingthosewhoneedthem.B.Bydonatingthemtoorganizations.C.Byensuringthemtobecleananddry.D.Bychoosingsuitableappsforthem.2.What'sthesuitablewaytodealwiththedamagedclothes？A.Transportingthemtolandfills.B.Sendingthemtorecyclingcompanies.C.Repairingthembeforefindingbuyers.D.Donatingthemtothoseinneedofthem.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom？A.Apopularmagazine.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Anadvertisement.D.Atextbook.Thebestwaytoensureyourgood，usableclothingdoesn'tbecomewasteistoincreasethechancesthatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit.確保你的好的、可用的衣服不被浪費(fèi)的最好方法是增加它最終被想要它的人擁有的機(jī)會(huì)?！军c(diǎn)石成金】本句中，toensureyourgood，usableclothingdoesntbecomewaste為動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)；toincreasethechancesthatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit為動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)；thatitendsupwithsomeonewhowantsit為that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句；whowantsit為修飾someone的定語(yǔ)從句。RescuerspulledanAmericanresearcheroutofaTurkishcaveearlyTuesday，morethanaweekafterhebecameseriouslyill1000metersbelowitsentrance，officialssaid.TeamsfromacrossEuropehadrushedtotheMorcacaveinsouthernTürkiye;sTaurusMountainstoaidMarkDickey，a40yearoldexperiencedcaverwhobecameseriouslyillwithstomachbleeding.Dickey，whoisfromCrotononHudson，NewYork，isawellknowncaveresearcherandacaverescuerhimselfwhohadparticipatedinmanyinternationalexpeditions.Heandseveralotherpeoplewereonanexpeditiontomapthe1276meterdeepMorcacavesystem.DickeybecameillonSept.2，butdidntnotifypeopleabovegrounduntilthenextmorning.HewasfirsttreatedinsidethecavebyaHungariandoctorwhowentdownthecaveonSept.3.Teamscomprisedofadoctorandthreetofourotherrescuerstookturnscaringforhim.Thecauseofhisillnesswasnotclear.TherescuebeganonSaturdayafterdoctors，whoadministeredIVfluidsandblood，determinedthatDickeycouldmakethedifficultascent.Hewastoofrailtoclimbouthimself，sorescuerscarriedhimwiththehelpofastretcher（擔(dān)架），makingfrequentstopsattemporarycampssetupalongthewaybeforehefinallyreachedthesurfaceearly

Tuesday.ThebiggestchallengesfortherescuersgettingDickeyoutofthecavewerethesteepverticalsectionsandnavigatingthroughmudandwateratlowtemperaturesinthehorizontalsections.Beforetheevacuation（撤離）couldbegin，rescuersfirsthadtowidensomeofthecave'snarrowpassages，installropestopullhimupthroughverticalshaftsonastretcherandsetuptemporarycampsalongtheway.Lyingonthestretcher，Dickeysaiditwasamazingtobeabovegroundagain，andthankedtheTurkishgovernmentforsavinghislifewithitsrapidresponse.HealsothankedtheinternationalcavingcommunityandTurkishcavers，amongothers.ReadingCheck1.WhydidteamsfromacrossEuroperushtotheMorcacave？A.TohelpDickeyclimboutofacave.B.ToaidDickeytoexplorethecave.C.TocureDickeyofstomachbleed