新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)考向16 主謂一致(原卷版)

考向16主謂一致高考主謂一致的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)一致原則考點(diǎn)詳解例句語(yǔ)法一致1.以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.2.由連接詞and或both……and連接起來(lái)的合成主語(yǔ)后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。LucyandLilyaretwins.SheandIareclassmates.Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.3.主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，盡管后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，like，aswellas，ratherthan，morethan，nolessthan，besides，including等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式；若主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Mr.Green，togetherwithhiswifeandchildren，hascometoChina.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.She，likeyouandTom，isverytall.4.either，neither，each，every或no+單數(shù)名詞和由some，any，no，every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，都作單數(shù)看待。Eachofushasanewbook.Everythingaroundusismatter.5.在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞that，who，which等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.6.如果集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果它指集體的成員，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這些詞有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。ClassFourisonthethirdfloor.ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.注：people，police，cattle等名詞一般都用作復(fù)數(shù)。如：Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.7.由＂alotof，lotsof，plentyof，therestof，themajorityof+名詞＂構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由＂分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞＂構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語(yǔ)中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.Therestofthelectureiswonderful.50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.注：anumberof與thenumberof的區(qū)別8.在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。Therecomesthebus.Onthewallaremanypictures.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.邏輯一致1.what，who，which，any，more，all等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可是復(fù)數(shù)，主要靠意思來(lái)決定。Whichisyourbag？Whichareyourbags？Allisgoingwell.AllhavegonetoBeijing.2.表示＂時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值＂等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式，這是由于作主語(yǔ)的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體。Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.Tenmilesistoolong.3.若主語(yǔ)是書名、片名、格言、劇名、報(bào)名、國(guó)名等的復(fù)數(shù)形式，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。＂TheArabianNights＂isaninterestingstorybook.4.表數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)＂oneandahalf＂后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式。Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.一致原則考點(diǎn)詳解例句邏輯一致5.算式中表示數(shù)目（字）的主語(yǔ)通常作單數(shù)看待，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)形式。Twelvepluseightistwenty.Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.6.一些學(xué)科名詞是以–ics結(jié)尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics以及news，works等，都屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，實(shí)際意義為單數(shù)名詞，它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990.Ithinkphysicsisn‘teasytostudy.7.trousers，glasses，clothes，shoes，jeans等詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，但如果這些名詞前有a（the）pairof等量詞修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Myglassesarebroken.Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.

8.＂定冠詞the+形容詞或分詞＂，表示某一類人時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Theoldaretakengoodcareof.9.a(large)quantityof修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.注意：quantities一般用復(fù)數(shù)。Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.10.agreatdealof,alargeamountof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù);largeamountsof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。Alargeamountof(Agreatdealof)damagewasdoneinaveryshorttime.Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.就近一致1.當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)由either…or，neither…nor，whether…or…，notonly…butalso連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致。Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends.Neithertheynorheiswhollyright.2.therebe句型的be動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語(yǔ)。如果其后是由and連接的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)與靠近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.Here引導(dǎo)的句子用法同上。如：Hereisamapandahandbookforyou.一、語(yǔ)法一致 語(yǔ)法一致：就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在單、復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。單數(shù)n.，不可數(shù)n.,不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 ?Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm. ?Timeismoney. ?Tofinishalltheworkontimeisimpossible. ?Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes. ?Thechildrenareintheclassroom2hoursago.◆由what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)但如果表語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)或what從句是一個(gè)帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 ?WhatIboughtwere3Englishbooks. ?WhatIsayanddoarehelpfultoyou.由and或both...and連接起來(lái)的合成主語(yǔ)后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 ?LucyandLilyaretwins. ?SheandIarefriends. ?BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.◆如果and所連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，它后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)。 ?Thewriterandartisthascome.◆由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前分別有each,every,nomorethana(an),manya(an)修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 ?Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom. ?Noboyandnogirllikesit.主語(yǔ)后面有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。?MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.?NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.?She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.either,neither,each,every或no+單數(shù)neither/neither/noneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞，還有some,any,no,every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Eachofushasanewbook.?Everythingaroundusismatter.?Neitherofthetextsisinteresting.NoneofushasbeentoSouthAfrica.定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞that,which,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和先行詞一致。?Heisoneofmystudentswhoareworkinghard.?Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.【典例分析】1.（2018·新課標(biāo)卷I·語(yǔ)法填空）Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65thanwalking,cyclingorswimming.【答案】is【解析】考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。這里敘述的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是it，表示單數(shù)概念。故填is。2.Heisoneofthemostselfishmenthat_______everlived;that’swhyhardly_______makingfriendswithhim.A.has；anyonelikes B.have；doesanyonelikeC.has；noonelikes D.have；anyonelikes【答案】D【解析】考查主謂一致。that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾的是名詞復(fù)數(shù)men，因此定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用have。第一個(gè)空考查的是定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞，因此第一個(gè)空用have；后半句譯為＂那就是幾乎沒有任何人和他交朋友的原因＂，hardly表示＂幾乎不＂，根據(jù)句意，后面應(yīng)是肯定句，故排除C項(xiàng)；hardly作為否定副詞放在句首時(shí)，句子才使用倒裝語(yǔ)序，因此排除B項(xiàng)。故選D項(xiàng)。集體名詞family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等，指整體時(shí)，用單數(shù)；指集體的成員時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)。?Hisfamilyisahappyone.?ThewholefamilyarewatchingTV.?ThepopulationofChinais1400million.(人口)?Onethirdofthepopulationhereareworkers.(人)◆people,cattle,police作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。由alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof＋名詞，或者是分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)＋名詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。?Therestofthelectureiswonderful.?Alotoftimeiswasted.?Alotofpeopletakepartinthemeeting.?2/3waterisdrunkbyhim.?2/3studentsareabsent.倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)v.的數(shù)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。?Onthewallaremanypictures.?Suchistheresult.?Sucharethefacts.【典例分析】（2018·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空）FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.【答案】dishes【解析】考查名詞。此處指中國(guó)菜，表示泛指應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填dishes。二、意義一致原則表示時(shí)間、度量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槠湓诟拍钌鲜且粋€(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Twentyminutesisenoughforthework.?OnehundreddollarsisstolenfromtheATM.如果是書名，片名，格言，劇名，報(bào)名，國(guó)名等的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?TheArabianNightsisaninterestingstorybook.oneandahalf＋復(fù)數(shù)n.，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.算是中表示數(shù)目通常用單數(shù)（加減乘除）表示學(xué)科的以-ics結(jié)尾的名詞作主語(yǔ)，用單數(shù)。?Physicsisanimportantsubjectinmiddleschools.?Mathematicsisthestudyofnumbers.?Politics,economics,athletics等。復(fù)數(shù)形式的單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語(yǔ)，意義一致。?Theglassworkswasbuiltupin1980.?Theseglassworksareneartherailwaystation.由兩部分組成的名詞，trousers,glasses,shorts,scissors等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。apairof等量詞時(shí)，視情況而定。The＋adj.表示一類人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。 ?Theyoungareusuallyveryactive. ?Theoldarelonely.三、就近一致原則就近一致：在英語(yǔ)句子中，有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。1.當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)由either…or，neither…nor，whether…or…，notonly…butalso連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致。 ?NeitherhisparentsnorIamabletopersuadehimtochangehismind. 他的父母和我都不能說(shuō)服他改變注意。2.therebe句型的be動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語(yǔ)。如果其后是由and連接的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)與靠近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。 ?Thereare

two

pens，a

book

and

three

pencils

on

the

desk.書桌上有兩支鋼筆，一本書和三支鉛筆。 ?There

isa

book，two

pens

and

three

pencils

on

the

desk.

書桌上有一本書，兩支鋼筆和三支鉛筆。

3.在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ)一致。 ?Hereisamapandahandbookforyou.這是一張你的地圖和一本手冊(cè)。 Sucharethefacts. 事實(shí)就是如此。4.就遠(yuǎn)原則：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面主語(yǔ)一致。 主語(yǔ)后面接連接性短語(yǔ)時(shí)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)并不影響主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。此類連接性短語(yǔ)有as

well

as，as

much

as，along

with，with，like，rather

than，

together

with，but，except，besides，including，in

addition

to等。 ?Your

sister

as

well

as

your

parents

is

very

kind

to

me.你姐姐和你父母一樣，對(duì)我很好。 ?She，like

you

and

betty，is

very

clever.像你和betty一樣，她也很聰明。

【典例分析】Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren___________skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A.isgoing B.go C.goes D.aregoing【答案】C【解析】考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在冬天的每個(gè)星期天下午，這位父親和他的三個(gè)孩子都去結(jié)冰的河面上滑冰。當(dāng)aswellas連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與aswellas前面的名詞或代詞保持一致。本題的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與Thefather保持一致，用單數(shù)形式；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)everySundayafternoon可知，本句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。四、＂名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)＂作主語(yǔ)名詞或代詞后接aswellas，with，alongwith，togetherwith，except，but等短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)和介詞短語(yǔ)前的名詞或代詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。?Sheaswellasotherstudentslikesplayingcomputergames.她和其他學(xué)生都喜歡玩電腦游戲。?Hewithhisparentsisworkinginthefields.他正和他的父母在地里干活。?Nobodybutyouandmeknowsit.除了你和我，沒人知道。五、不定代詞作主語(yǔ)1.當(dāng)作主語(yǔ)的名詞前有each，neither，either，every修飾或each，neither，either作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Eachstudenthasabook.每一個(gè)學(xué)生都有一本書。?Eitheransweriscorrect.兩個(gè)答案都是正確的。?Neitherparentiswithhim.他的父母都沒有和他在一起。?Everyminuteisimportanttous.每一分鐘對(duì)大家都很重要。2.當(dāng)復(fù)合不定代詞someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Somebodyiswaitingforyououtside.有人在外面等你。?Iseverybodyheretoday?今天大家都到了嗎??Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.我的手表出故障了。?Nobodywasawayyesterday.昨天沒有人離開?！镜淅治觥緼llweneed___________asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.A.are B.was C.is D.were【答案】C【解析】考查主謂一致及時(shí)態(tài)用法。句中的主語(yǔ)為代詞all，代指的是物，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。再根據(jù)從句中的can可以判斷用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：我們所需要的是一小塊土地，在整個(gè)一年的生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)，我們能夠種各種不同的水果樹。故C正確。六、特殊名詞作主語(yǔ)1.國(guó)名、人名、書名、報(bào)刊名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)等專有名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，即使其形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)。?TheUnitedStatesliestotheeastofChina.美國(guó)在中國(guó)的東方。(國(guó)名)?Engelswasgoodatlearningforeignlanguages.恩格斯擅長(zhǎng)學(xué)外語(yǔ)。(人名)2.＂the+形容詞＂作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示某類人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。?Thesickaretakengoodcareof.病人得到很好的照顧。?Theoldaresupposedtobespokentopolitely.跟老人講話要有禮貌。3.以-s結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞，如maths，physics，politics等和以-s結(jié)尾的抽象名詞，如news，plastics等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。?Physicsisverydifficultformetolearn.物理對(duì)我來(lái)講很難學(xué)。?Thenewswasveryexciting.這條新聞十分激動(dòng)人心。4.單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的名詞，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞前的修飾語(yǔ)來(lái)確定。?AChinesewantstoseeyou.一個(gè)中國(guó)人想見你。?Tensheepareeatinggrassthere.那邊有10只綿羊在吃草?！咀⒁狻緾hinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一國(guó)人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。TheChinesespeakChinese.中國(guó)人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。七、表數(shù)量概念的詞或短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)1.表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Tenyearshaspassedquickly.10年很快就過(guò)去了。?Tendollarsisenough.10美元就夠了。?100kilometersisalongway.100千米是一段很長(zhǎng)的路。2.加減乘除運(yùn)算中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，其中加法與乘法也可用復(fù)數(shù)。?Twoandtwois/arefour.2加2等于4。?Sixtimesoneis/aresix.6乘以1等于6。3.＂manya/morethanone+單數(shù)名詞＂作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Thereismorethanoneanswer.有不止一個(gè)答案。?Manyastudenthaspassedtheexam.許多學(xué)生通過(guò)了考試。4.＂oneandahalf+復(fù)數(shù)名詞＂作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。?OneandahalfdaysisallIcanspare.一天半是我所能支配的全部時(shí)間。?Oneandahalfpearsisleftontheplate.一個(gè)半梨被留在盤子里。5.therestof...短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；如果of后接不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。?Therestofthebikesareonsale.余下的自行車降價(jià)出售。?Therestofthebreadisgone.剩余的面包不見了。6.＂noneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞＂作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。?Noneofthedogswas/werethere.那兒沒有狗。7.＂anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)＂表示＂許多/大量的……＂，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；＂thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)＂表示＂……的數(shù)量＂，其中心詞為number，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。?Anumberoffarmersarestandingoverthere.許多農(nóng)民站在那邊。?Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolhasreachedover2，000.這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到2000多人。8.＂alotof/lotsof/plentyof+名詞＂作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由of后的名詞來(lái)確定。如果of后是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果of后是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。?Alotoftimeisneeded.需要大量的時(shí)間。?Plentyofworkersareworking.許多工人在工作。八、動(dòng)名詞、不定式和從句作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。?Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourbody.做早操對(duì)你的身體有益。?Toplaywithfirenearagasstationisverydangerous.在加油站附近玩火很危險(xiǎn)。?Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant.他在會(huì)上的發(fā)言很重要?！镜淅治觥縏heuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________around$8，450ayear,which________aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are；is B.are；are C.is；are D.is；is【答案】A【解析】考查主謂一致。句意：那所大學(xué)估計(jì)，對(duì)國(guó)際學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，一年的生活開銷大約是8450美元，這對(duì)他們中某些學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)。第一空的主語(yǔ)是livingexpenses，是復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；第二空的主語(yǔ)是which，指代的是前面整個(gè)句子，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】主謂一致記憶口訣單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見，集體名詞謂用單。如若強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員，復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)記心間。有些名詞謂常復(fù)，people、police即這般。主語(yǔ)單數(shù)后接介，謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)介無(wú)關(guān)。manya作主語(yǔ)也如此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單。or、nor、butalso、therebe，近主原則掛嘴邊。關(guān)系代詞定主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)先行詞判。不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞，主語(yǔ)從句謂全單。時(shí)間、貨幣與距離，謂語(yǔ)多單復(fù)少見，rest，means，following等，意義決定其復(fù)、單。none，all，halfof等，of之賓語(yǔ)定答案。還有分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)，仍據(jù)of之賓定復(fù)、單。代詞all指人謂復(fù)數(shù)，all指事情謂用單。量詞用法請(qǐng)注意，謂語(yǔ)要隨量詞變。and連接兩名詞，身兼兩職一定冠。no，each，every后單名，兩種事物一概念。以上情況請(qǐng)記清，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全用單。形容詞帶the一類人，姓氏復(fù)數(shù)加定冠，-s結(jié)尾的海峽、山脈與群島，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)勿用單。代詞neither，either，each，用作主語(yǔ)謂全單?！緳z測(cè)訓(xùn)練】1.Largequantitiesofinformation,aswellastimelyhelp________tousoverthepast2years.A.havebeenoffered B.hasbeenofferedC.wasoffered D.hadbeenoffered2.Atthattime________twoimportantplayers________abigproblemforLangPing.A.tolose;is B.losing;wasC.lose;was D.losing;is3.NowMr.Lee,alongwithallhisstudents,________discussingReadingSkillswhichwasnewlypublishedinAmerica.A.is B.are C.havebeen D.hadbeen4.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents________toperformattheopeningceremonylastyear.A.wereinvited B.wasinvited C.havebeeninvited D.hasbeeninvited5.Mr.Wangwastheonlyoneofthemost________teacherswho________praisedonTeachers'Day.A.inspiring;was B.inspired;was C.inspiring;were D.inspired;were6.Manyaquarrel________throughamisunderstanding.A.hascomeacross B.hascomeabout C.havecomeout D.havecomeup7.-WhenisJackgoingtofinishwritingthatessay?Idon'tknow.He_______dayinanddayoutA.hasbeenworking B.hasworkedC.hadbeenworking D.wasworking8.It____MadameCurieandhishusbandPierrewhodiscoveredradium.A.is B.was C.are D.were9._________yourteacher_____fromthemveryoften?Certainly.A.Do,hear B.Does,hear C.Do,receive D.Does.receive10.Whichteacher_________lessonstoyoueveryday?A.doesgives B.doesgive C.dogive D.gives11.Ifeelitisyouaswellasyourwifethat______foryourson'sbadperformanceatschool.A.aretoblame B.istobeblamedC.aretobeblamed D.istoblame12.Haveyoureadalltheinformationthatthiscase?A.relate B.relateto C.relatesto D.relates13.Sittingovertherewasthestudentwhotheythought__________tospeakattheopeningceremony.A.selected B.selecting C.wasselected D.selects14.Amongthosepresents_____aniPadthathisfathergavehimforhisbirthday.A.haveincluded B.isincluded C.hasincluded D.areincluded15.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which______bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens’sstatusasaleadingnovelist.A.havebeen B.were C.was D.willbe16.—HowmuchdoyouknowaboutNolan’s’newfilmtobereleasednextmonth?—Well.theMovieChannel________itinavarietyofforms.A.covers B.covered C.hascovered D.willcover17.Theevidencesuggeststhatsinglefathers____morelikelytoworkthansinglemothers.A.shouldbe B.are C.\ D.be18.HowtoprotectchildrenfromunsuitablematerialonsomewebsiteswhileencouragingthemtousetheInternet__________inmanyareasoftheworld.A.havelongbeendiscussed B.haslongbeendiscussedC.werelongbeendiscussed D.waslongbeendiscussed19.Thisisoneofthelargestfactoriesbeenrebuiltsincelastyear.A.whichhave B.thathave C.whichhas D.thathas20.Thenumberofpeopleintheworld________about6billionandlargequantitiesofwaste_______eachyear.A.total;hasbeenproduced B.totals;isproducedC.totals;areproduced D.total;arebeingproduced21.Generallyspeaking,tiredness_____directly______adriver’sresponsetime.A.is;relateto B.is;relatedto C.be;relatingto D.be;relatedto22.Overthepastdecade,thenumberofMonarchbutterflies_____________significantly.A.hasfallen B.fell C.isfalling D.havefallen23.Thebookwithcartoonsinthem__________intendedforchildrenaged2-8.A.havebeen B.is C.are D.were24.Thenewly-publishednovelissopopularthatmorethanonecopysoldout.A.havebeen B.hasbeen C.have D.are25.WetravelledinEuropeandvisitedsomecavesthatearlyVikingtimesinabout800A.D.A.datebackto B.aredatedbackto C.weredatedfrom D.datingfrom26.Asweknow,twothirdsoftheearth_________coveredwithwater..A.are B.was C.is D.were27.ZhongNanshan,aswellasthreeotheroutstandingmedicalworkers,__________thehighesthonorofourcountrylastmonth.A.areawarded B.isawarded C.wereawarded D.wasawarded28.Theproposalthatsmartdevicesshouldcarrysecuritylabelswasintroducedavoluntarybasisatfirst,which_______theresearchfindingsthatthesedeviceswereabletoputconsumers'privacyandsecurityatrisk.A.on,basedon B.by,basedonC.on,wasbasedon D.by,wasbasedon29.Atthefootofthemountain____________afamily,________membersmakealivingbyraisingcattleandsheep.A.lives,its B.lives,whose C.live,where D.live,whose30.Meat_______outinthisshop.Wecan_________now.A.havebeensold,getnothing B.hasbeensold,getnothingC.hasbeensold,getsome D.havebeensold,getsome31.Officialssaythatfewpatients____withtheCOVID-19owingtotheeffectiveprevention.A.infected B.haveinfected C.beinfected D.areinfected32.Thechurchtowerwhich__________nowwillbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasbuilt B.hasbeenbuilt C.isbuilding D.isbeingbuilt33.Visitorshavenoaccess______theremainsofthebuildingthat_______beingstudiedbythearchaeologists.A.to;was B.of;was C.of;were D.to;were34.Largequantitiesofmoney_________spentontheprojectsofar;itisenough.A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.havebeen35.ItisyouratherthanLucywho________fortheaccident.A.istoblame B.istobeblamedC.shouldblame D.aretoblame36.________nothingtodowithus.A.Whatshedidhave B.WhatshedidisC.Whatdidshedohas D.Whatshehasdonehas37.Alotofnewwoodenfurniture,aswellassomelatesthouseholdappliances,________bytheSmithsforthe