吉林省部分學校2024-2025學年高一上學期10月月考英語試題

20242025學年度上學期第一次月考高一英語試題本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，共76題，共150分，共5頁?？荚嚂r間為120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第I卷選擇題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodotonight?A.Togotoabirthdayparty.B.TovisitNancy.C.Togototheairport.2.Whydoesthegirlwanttobuyaclock?A.Shehastroublewakingup.BShewantstobuysomeoneagift.C.Herwatchisbroken.3.WheredidthewomanstaywhileshewasinAlaska?A.Shestayedinthelocal’shouse.B.Shestayedinahotelwithherfriends.C.Shecampednearthemountains.4.WhatdidthemanaskJustintodo?A.Borrowsomemagazinesforhim.B.Bringsomemagazinestohim.C.Refertosomemagazinestofinishhisdesign.5Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Afilm.C.Awriter.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhendidthewomangettotheFriendshipHotel?A.Ataquarterpast11.B.At11.C.Ataquarterto11.7.Whatdoweknowabouttheconversation?A.It’stherushhourwhenthewomangotintothetaxi.B.Thedriverwouldgettoanotherhotel.C.Thedrivergavethewomanalift.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoyouthinkmaybethetwospeakers?A.Doctors.B.Patients.C.Basketballplayers.9.Whatdoyouknowabouttheirleader?A.Hehasgotbirdflu.B.Hemissedtheimportantmatch.C.Hehasalreadyetolife.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoyouknowabouttheman?A.Heisaforeigner.B.Hedoesn’tlikeoperasomuch.C.Heknowsmuchaboutopera.11.WhatwilltheydotoenjoyBeijingOpera?A.Bookthetickets.B.Callthetheater.C.GotoChang’anGrandTheatre.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofWhiteSnake?A.Atraditionalplay.B.Amovingplay.C.ThebestBeijingOpera.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhathappenedtoMrYang?A.Hewonthemarathon.B.Helostweight.C.Hebecameasoccerteammember.14.HowmanyhoursdoesMrYangdosportseachweek?A.10hours.B.12hours.C.14hours.15.WhichsportdoesMrYangthinkischeapandrelaxing?A.Boxing.B.Swimming.C.Cycling.16.WhatdoesMrYangthinkofsoccer?A.It’sinteresting,excitingandfast.B.It’sfun,fastandgoodformanythings.C.It’sinteresting,excitingandgoodforbreathing.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabusstop.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atanairport.18.Howoldisthechild?A.Morethantwoyearsold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Undertwoyearsold.19.Whydoesthepassengerwanttowalkherdaughter?A.Tomeethercuriosity.B.Tomakeherfeelathome.C.Tokilltime.20.Whatdoyoulearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanisgoingtoseehermother.B.Theassistantgavethemconvenience.C.Theassistanthelpedthemcarrytheluggage.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AParisisoneofthemostvisiteddestinationsintheworld.Therearelotstoexploreandthere’sdeliciousfoodoneverycorner.ArelaxingtriptoParistakesalittlebitofplanning.Herearesometipsforyoutomakeyourtripsmooth.PlanningyourtripHaveavalidpassportforinternationaltravel.Apassportcosts$110andtakes68weekstoarriveafteryouapply.BookingFlightsThecheapestmonthtoflyisMarch,especiallyifyoucanleaveonaMonday,Tuesday,orWednesday.You’llsaveevenmoremoneybybookingaround90daysinadvance.Inthesummermonths,ticketswillbemoreexpensivenomatterwhenyoubook.EnjoyingYourTime·VisittheEiffelTower.TheEiffelToweristhemostrecognizablesymbolofParis.Toavoidthecrowds,gototheEiffelTowerearlyinthemorning.Itcosts€25togotothetop,or€10toclimbtothefirst2levelsonfoot.·SeetheNotreDameCathedral.Atpresent,theNotreDameCathedralisclosedtotouristsduetothefirethatdestroyedpartsofthecathedral.However,youcanstillvisittheoutsideofthecathedral.·GototheLouvretoseeworldfamousart.TheLouvrehoststheMonaLisaalongwith35,000otherpiecesofart.Ifyou’repressedfortime,visitthehighlights.TheLouvrecosts€15atthemuseumor€17inadvance(toskipmostoftheline).·TakeadaytriptoVersailles.Ifyouhaveadaytospare,headtothepalaceofVersailles,around14milessouthwestofthecity.TakeatourtoseeKingLouisXVI’spalaceandgardens.Itcostse€20tovisitthepalaceandgrounds.1.Whencanwebookplaneticketstosavethemostmoney?A.InDecember. B.InMarch. C.InJune. D.InAugust.2.Whichtouristattractionisnotopentovisitorsatthemoment?A.TheEiffelTower. B.TheNotreDameCathedral.C.TheLouvre. D.Versailles.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acourseplan. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Anencyclopedia.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了到巴黎旅行時一些建議，包括做計劃、訂機票和安排行程等方面?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThecheapestmonthtoflyisMarch,especiallyifyoucanleaveonaMonday,Tuesday,orWednesday.You’llsaveevenmoremoneybybookingaround90daysinadvance.(乘飛機最便宜的月份是三月，特別是如果你可以在周一、周二或周三離開。如果提前90天左右預訂，你會省下更多的錢。)”可知，三月份向前推90天，預定機票最便宜的時間是在12月份。故選A項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Atpresent,theNotreDameCathedralisclosedtotouristsduetothefirethatdestroyedpartsofthecathedral.(目前，巴黎圣母院已經(jīng)對游客關(guān)閉，因為大火燒毀了大教堂的部分建筑。)”可知，目前不對游客開放的景點是巴黎圣母院。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句話“ArelaxingtriptoParistakesalittlebitofplanning.Herearesometipsforyoutomakeyourtripsmooth.(輕松的巴黎之旅需要一點計劃。這里有一些讓你的旅行順利的建議。)”可知，文章介紹了到巴黎旅行時的相關(guān)建議，該內(nèi)容會在旅游小冊子上看到。故選B項。BJeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsinEauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學費),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUWEauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfouryeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68yearoldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(犧牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirstgenerationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamilyandthat'sprettypowerful.4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily. B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents. D.Tofindawellpaidjobthere.6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth. B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation. D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney. B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學教育的情況下，通過自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學院來支付她的學費，因為家里沒有額外的錢用來支付大學教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過自己掙錢來完成大學教學，因為家里沒有額外的錢。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力讀完了大學)符合以上說法，故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的ShechosetheUWEauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfouryeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UWEauClaire項目，因為她可以在離家近的地方攻讀四年的學位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UWEauClaire項目是因為離家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說法，故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer為了實現(xiàn)自己的目標犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯過了很多重要的活動)可知，為了實現(xiàn)自己的目標Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她與家人的時光)符合以上說法，故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(雖然經(jīng)歷了這些，但她一直保持著良好的學術(shù)地位，并以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè))和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirstgenerationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamilyandthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子們在見證母親獲得學位的過程中得到了重要的一課。Jennifer是第一代畢業(yè)生，這對她的家庭來說是一種激勵這是非常強大的。)可知，Jennifer在艱苦的環(huán)境中通過自己的努力不僅以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)，還給孩子樹立了榜樣，同時也讓家人得到了激勵。由此推測，我們可以從Jennifer的故事中學到:努力總會有回報。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力會得到回報)符合以上說法，故選C項。CItwasaFebruaryafternooninaBrooklynclassroom.SixteenyearoldTaylorEnglercamefacetofacewithacow.Butitwasallinherhead.Shewastransportedbyavirtualreality(VR)headphone.IttooktheBerkeleyCarrollSchooljuniorandeightotherclassmatestoanorthernNewYorkfarm.Thefarmwas250milesaway.Forstudents,thetechnologymeansfieldtripsarenolongerkeptwithinthelengthofabusride.It'sunknownhowmanyclassroomshaveorwillusethetechnology,butexpertssayfewclassroomsdoorwilldo.Headphonesthatrequireauser'sphonecancostaslittleas$20or$30,butsystemsandsoftwareforclassesrunintothousandsofdollars.Theproblemofnothavinggoodsoftwareisdisappearingasmorepaniesenterthemarket.Buttherulesforusehaven'tkeptabreastofthedevelopmentofthetechnology.InNewYork,forexample,virtualrealitylabexperimentsarenotincludedinthestate'shandsonlabtimerequirements.Expertssayscienceclassesarewherevirtualrealityholdspromiseforclassrooms.“Thebiggestproblem,Ithink,isgoingtobehowcloselyitmimicstherealworld."That'saccordingtoDavidEvans,thedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersUnion.However,hesaid,“Theabilitytododangerousthingsandtorunmany,manymorecasesinavirtualspaceasopposedtotherealphysicalspacestandsforahugelearningchance.”Lambtaughtchemistryandheagreed.“Tooofteninschools,whenyoudoexperimentsinlabs,youmixthesetogether,youmixthosetogetherandyougetthisresult.Andifyoudon'tgetthatresult,youhavedonesomethingwrong.Butwedon'thaveenoughresourcesforyoutoredoit,“hesaid.“Invirtualreality,allIdoishitresetontheputer.Idon'thavetoactuallyusechemicals.”8.WhatwasTaylorEnglerdoing?A.Ridingabus. B.Givingalesson. C.Designingafarm. D.ExperiencingVR.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“keptabreastof"inParagraph2mean?A.Ledto. B.Focusedon. C.Caughtupwith. D.Brokenawayfrom.10.WhatdidLambthinkoftheuseofVRintheclassroom?A.Helpful. B.Troublesome. C.Interesting. D.Challenging.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topointouttheimportanceofpractice. B.TointroducetheuseofVRinteaching.C.Togiveinformationaboutmodernschools. D.ToshowtheappearanceofVRtechnology.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了學生在學校使用VR的情形、VR教學的現(xiàn)狀以及它的優(yōu)點等?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“SixteenyearoldTaylorEnglercamefacetofacewithacow.Butitwasallinherhead.Shewastransportedbyavirtualreality(VR)headphone.(16歲的泰勒·恩格勒與一頭奶牛面對面。但這一切都是她的想象，她被一個虛擬現(xiàn)實耳機傳送過來。）”可知，TaylorEngler正在體驗虛擬現(xiàn)實，在其中她正與一頭奶牛面對面。故選D項。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后句“InNewYork,forexample,virtualrealitylabexperimentsarenotincludedinthestate'shandsonlabtimerequirements（例如，在紐約，虛擬現(xiàn)實的實驗室實驗不包括在國家的動手實驗時間要求中。）”可知，在紐約，虛擬現(xiàn)實的實驗室實驗不包括在該州的實際實驗室時間要求中，也就是說使用規(guī)則并沒有跟上技術(shù)的發(fā)展，故keptabreastof意為“跟上”，與caughtupwith意思相近。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lambtaughtchemistryandheagreed.“Tooofteninschools,whenyoudoexperimentsinlabs,youmixthesetogether,youmixthosetogetherandyougetthisresult.Andifyoudon'tgetthatresult,youhavedonesomethingwrong.Butwedon'thaveenoughresourcesforyoutoredoit,“hesaid.“Invirtualreality,allIdoishitresetontheputer.Idon'thavetoactuallyusechemicals.””（蘭姆教化學。他認為“在學校里，當你在實驗室里做實驗時，你經(jīng)常把這些混合在一起，你把這些混合在一起，你就會得到這樣的結(jié)果。如果你沒有得到這樣的結(jié)果，你就做錯了。但是我們沒有足夠的資源讓你們重做。在虛擬現(xiàn)實中，我所做的就是按下電腦上的重置鍵。我不需要使用化學藥品?！保┛芍?，Lamb認為使用VR技術(shù)，如果實驗中有做得不對的地方，只需要按一下重置鍵，就可以重新開始實驗，而且也不需要用真正的化學藥品。所以他認為在教室里使用VR是非常有幫助的。故選A項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。綜合分析文章可知，本文介紹了學生在學校使用VR的情形、VR教學的現(xiàn)狀以及它的優(yōu)點等，其目的是介紹VR技術(shù)在課堂教學中的應用。故選B項。DAnewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywellknownImpressionistsJosephTurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrialRevolution.Scientistsdon’tknowexactlyhowpollutedthecitieswereduringthattimeforlackofdata.However,researcherssaythatexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflongtermenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyauthorsfromHarvardandSorbonneuniversities,analyzed60oilpaintingsbyTurnerfrom1796to1850and38paintingsbyMonetfrom1864to1901.Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.Researchersparticularlybelievechangesinlocalsulfurdioxide(二氧化硫)emissionsfromburningcoalmayexplainchangesinthecolorcontrastandintensity(亮度)ofTurner’sandMonet’sworks,evenaftertakingintoaccounttheartistictrendsandsubjectmatterofthetime.Generally,artistscanhistoricallyaccuratelyrepresenttheirenvironment.TurnerandMonetwerechosenbecausetheyarefamousfortheirlandscapeandcityscapepaintingsandalsobecausetheywereactiveduringtheIndustrialRevolution,whenairpollutiongrewatarateneverseenbefore.Additionally,researcherssaythatsincetheairinLondonwasmuchpolluted,thecitieswouldappeargreyanddulltotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.ByparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonettophotosfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminethepaintingworksweredefinitelyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.12.WhatdidtheresearchersfindintheworksofTurnerandMonet?A.Airpollutionatthattime. B.Changeinsubjectmatter.C.Socialtrendsoftheperiod. D.Developmentofphotography.13.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byreferringtorelevanthistoricalrecords.B.Byexaminingthecoloringofthepaintings.C.ByparingthepaintingsofTurnerwithMonet’s.D.ByanalyzingthedataduringtheIndustrialRevolution.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Europeanartistspreferredlandscapepaintings.B.TurnerandMonetintendedtopresentpollution.C.Theresearchfocusedonstudyingweatherpatterns.D.BritainsufferedmostfromairpollutioninEurope.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.B.TointroduceairpollutionintheIndustrialRevolution.C.Toinformpeopleofanewdiscoveryincertainartworks.D.Toinstructpeopletoadmireclassicpaintingsinnewways.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究者們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，工業(yè)革命時期空氣污染可能影響了著名印象派畫家特納和莫奈的作品，他們畫中的英國天空更顯灰藍，揭示了長期環(huán)境變化及污染狀況?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“However,researcherssaythatexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflongtermenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.(然而，研究人員表示，研究透納和莫奈的作品可以描繪出空氣污染帶來的長期環(huán)境變化。)”和第三段中“Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.(科學家們成功地測量了畫家對自然的表現(xiàn)，重點關(guān)注了色彩以及影響色彩的當?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。他們顯著地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國創(chuàng)作的畫作通常比在歐洲其他地區(qū)創(chuàng)作的畫作呈現(xiàn)出更灰色的藍天。)”可知，研究人員通過分析兩位畫家作品中的顏色使用以及與歐洲其他地區(qū)作品的比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)英國的作品通常描繪的天空更灰暗，這暗示了空氣污染對畫作的影響，研究人員在特納和莫奈的作品中發(fā)現(xiàn)了當時的空氣污染。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.(科學家們成功地測量了畫家對自然的表現(xiàn)，重點關(guān)注了色彩以及影響色彩的當?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。他們顯著地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國創(chuàng)作的畫作通常比在歐洲其他地區(qū)創(chuàng)作的畫作呈現(xiàn)出更灰色的藍天。)”可知，科學家成功測量了畫家對自然的再現(xiàn)，特別是關(guān)注顏色以及影響著色的當?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。這表明他們主要通過分析畫作的色彩來開展研究。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.(科學家們成功地測量了畫家對自然的表現(xiàn)，重點關(guān)注了色彩以及影響色彩的當?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。他們顯著地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國創(chuàng)作的畫作通常比在歐洲其他地區(qū)創(chuàng)作的畫作呈現(xiàn)出更灰色的藍天。)”和最后一段“Additionally,researcherssaythatsincetheairinLondonwasmuchpolluted,thecitieswouldappeargreyanddulltotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.ByparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonettophotosfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminethepaintingworksweredefinitelyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.(此外，研究人員表示，由于倫敦的空氣污染嚴重，城市在眼睛和照片中都會顯得灰暗和沉悶。通過將特納和莫奈的畫作與那個時代的照片進行比較，他們能夠確定這些繪畫作品肯定受到了排放變化的影響。)”可知，與歐洲其他地區(qū)的畫作相比，英國畫作中的天空顯得更灰暗，且由于倫敦空氣質(zhì)量極差，城市在人眼及照片中都會顯得灰暗無光，說明英國在當時遭受的空氣污染最為嚴重。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AnewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywellknownImpressionistsJosephTurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrialRevolution.(一項新的研究表明，著名印象派畫家約瑟夫·特納和克勞德·莫奈的經(jīng)典畫作可能受到了工業(yè)革命期間空氣污染的影響。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項新的研究，這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)工業(yè)革命時期，空氣污染可能影響了著名印象派畫家特納和莫奈的作品，他們畫中的英國天空更顯灰藍，揭示了長期環(huán)境變化及污染狀況。選項C“Toinformpeopleofanewdiscoveryincertainartworks.(告知人們在某些藝術(shù)品中的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”符合題意。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）TheSideEffectsofOverexercisingIfyouareputtingintoomanyhoursatthegymortrainingtoohardforsports,yourbodymaybegintorespondnegatively.Overexercisingismonamongathletesandfitnessenthusiastswithavarietyofsideeffects,bothphysicalandmental.Oneperson’sdefinitionofexcessive(過量的)exercisemightdifferfromanother’s.____16____Themainsignofitisdecliningphysicalperformanceinyoursports,despiteongoingorincreasedamountsoftraining.Ifyouareoverexercising,youmightnoticethenegativephysicaleffectsfirst.Youmightexperienceunexplainedweightlossanddecreasedappetite.Overexercisingcanalsocauseongoingmuscleandjointpainunrelatedtoaspecificinjury,difficultysleepingornotfeelingrestedwhenyouwakeup.____17____Ifyouarenotfeelingyourusualexcitementforsports,orifyoudonotfeelmentallypreparedforexerciseorpetition,youcouldbeexperiencingthementaleffectsofoverexercising.____18____Forexample,increasedanger,oralackofenthusiasmyouoncefelttowardyoursports.Thisconditioncanalsocauseotherpoorperformancesinyourlife.____19____Thefirstandmostvitalstepfortreatmentissimplyrecognizingthatyouhavethecondition.Thenfollowatrainingschedulethatvariesyourtrainingloadandincludesadequaterest.____20____Whethertherestperiodlastforweeksorseveralmonthsdependsontheindividual.A.Youmightevengetsickmoreoften.B.Nevershoulditbelookeddownupon.C.Youmightnoticefrequentmoodswings.D.However,itaffectswhoeveroverexercises.E.Doctorsmightmistakeitforamajorillness.F.Actually,themosteffectivetreatmentistorest.G.Therefore,addresstheproblemonceyourealizeit.【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.G20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了過度運動副作用。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Oneperson’sdefinitionofexcessive(過量的)exercisemightdifferfromanother’s.(一個人對過度運動的定義可能與另一個人不同。)”以及下文“Themainsignofitisdecliningphysicalperformanceinyoursports,despiteongoingorincreasedamountsoftraining.(它的主要標志是你在運動中的身體表現(xiàn)下降，盡管持續(xù)或增加了訓練量。)”可知，此處需要一個涉及過量運動副作用的過渡句，連接上文個人對過量運動定義不同，但過量運動對人有害，再接著論述過量運動的主要表現(xiàn)。D選項“然而，它會影響任何過度運動的人?！狈项}意，故選D。17題詳解】根據(jù)段首總起句“Ifyouareoverexercising,youmightnoticethenegativephysicaleffectsfirst.(如果你過度鍛煉，你可能會首先注意到身體上的負面影響。)”可知，此段主要論述過量運動在身體方面的副作用，結(jié)合空前句子“Youmightexperienceunexplainedweightlossanddecreasedappetite.Overexercisingcanalsocauseongoingmuscleandjointpainunrelatedtoaspecificinjury,difficultysleepingornotfeelingrestedwhenyouwakeup.(你可能會經(jīng)歷無法解釋的體重減輕和食欲下降。過度運動還會導致與特定損傷無關(guān)的持續(xù)肌肉和關(guān)節(jié)疼痛、睡眠困難或醒來時感覺沒有休息好。)”可知，此處作者按嚴重程度遞進的方式描述了過量運動在身體方面的副作用，故此空應為過量運動在身體方面帶來的最嚴重后果。A選項“你甚至可能更經(jīng)常生病。”緊密連接上文，繼續(xù)闡述副作用，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouarenotfeelingyourusualexcitementforsports,orifyoudonotfeelmentallypreparedforexerciseorpetition,youcouldbeexperiencingthementaleffectsofoverexercising.(如果你沒有像往常一樣對運動感到興奮，或者你沒有為運動或比賽做好心理準備，你可能正在經(jīng)歷過度運動的心理影響。)”可知，此段主要論述過量運動在心理方面的副作用，結(jié)合下一句“Forexample,increasedanger,oralackofenthusiasmyouoncefelttowardyoursports.(例如，憤怒加劇，或者你曾經(jīng)對你的運動缺乏熱情。)”可知，后方為此句的舉例，故此處應總結(jié)說明過量運動在心理方面的副作用的表現(xiàn)為頻繁的情緒波動，C選項“你可能會注意到頻繁的情緒波動。”符合題意。故選C?！?9題詳解】結(jié)合上文和本段內(nèi)容可知，作者已經(jīng)論述了過量運動在身體和心理方面的副作用，并且開始論述如何解決問題，故此空應為段落總起句，且和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提醒讀者去解決問題。G選項“因此，一旦你意識到問題，就要解決它?！狈险Z意。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thenfollowatrainingschedulethatvariesyourtrainingloadandincludesadequaterest.(然后遵循一個訓練計劃，改變你的訓練負荷，并包括充分的休息。)”和后文“Whethertherestperiodlastforweeksorseveralmonthsdependsontheindividual.(休息時間是持續(xù)幾周還是幾個月取決于個人。)”可知，此處為一個過渡句，強調(diào)解決問題的核心在于休息。F選項“事實上，最有效的治療方法是休息。”承上啟下，符合題意，故選F。第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MrsAlverezwasasecondgradeteacherandshehadaquietboy,Carlos,whowas___21___tolearntoreadinherclass.Carloswaslivingwithhissinglemotherinarundownapartment.Hehadno___22___andhisstrugglesatschooladdedtohissuffering.MrsAlverezworkedashardasshecouldtohelpCarlostoread.Towardtheendoftheyear,MrsAlverezgota___23___tomovetoapositioninagoodschool.Onedayafterschool,Carios’mothercametoseeMrsAlverezand___24___hertostay.MrsAlverezthoughtovertherequestofCarlos’hopelessmotherand___25___her“dreamjob”.ThenMrsAlvereztaughtasbestshecould,alwaysgivingCarlosabitofextra___26___.Shehopedthatthingswould___27___forthisshy,frightenedboy.Manyyearslater,MrsAlverezwascrossingthestreetand___28___droppedherpapersonthesidewalk.Atthatmoment,twoyoungmenpassedbyandtheystoppedtohelpher.Asthetallerone___29___herwithherpapers,hemurmured(低語),“MrsAlverez?”Inaninstanttheyboth____30____eachotherandhuggedtightly.Thesecondboyinterruptedandasked____31____ifshewasMrsAlverez.HesaidthatCarloshadgivena____32____atthehighschoolgraduationceremony,tellingthemthatateachernamedMrsAlverezhelpedhimlearntoread,caredforhimand____33____him.ItwasthisteachertowhomCarlos____34____allhissuccess.MrsAlverezstoodtherelookingatthetwoyoungmenandbegancryingvery____35____tearsofjoy.21.A.volunteering B.struggling C.hesitating D.refusing22.A.imagination B.behavior C.confidence D.personality23.A.gift B.task C.permit D.chance24.A.begged B.invited C.reminded D.remended25.A.focuson B.wentafter C.turneddown D.tookup26.A.attention B.money C.pany D.service27.A.goon B.cleanup C.calmdown D.workout28.A.usually B.accidentally C.actually D.purposely29.A.scheduled B.surrounded C.approached D.assisted30.A.noticed B.recognized C.accepted D.supported31.A.proudly B.surprisedly C.worriedly D.obviously32.A.speech B.lesson C.performance D.presentation33.A.amused B.impressed C.protected D.inspired34.A.owed B.returned C.offered D.addicted35.A.grateful B.bitter C.regretful D.sweet【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Alverez夫人為了幫助閱讀困難且自卑的Carlos，放棄了一個好工作機會，給予他很多幫助。多年后兩人意外重逢，Alverez夫人得知Carlos因她的關(guān)愛和教導取得了成功?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Alverez夫人是一名二年級教師，她有一個安靜的男孩Carlos，他在班上學習閱讀很吃力。A.volunteering做志愿活動；B.struggling掙扎；C.hesitating猶豫；D.refusing拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Hehadno___2___andhisstrugglesatschooladdedtohissuffering.”可知，Carlos在班上學習閱讀很吃力。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有信心，在學校的困難更增加了他的痛苦。A.imagination想象力；B.behavior行為；C.confidence信心；D.personality個性。根據(jù)上文“Carloswaslivingwithhissinglemotherinarundownapartment.”和下文“hisstrugglesatschool”可知，Carlos家境不好，學習也吃力，因此應該是沒有信心。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：快到年底的時候，Alverez夫人得到了一個在一所好學校工作的機會。A.gift禮物；B.task任務；C.permit許可證；D.chance機會。根據(jù)下文“tomovetoapositioninagoodschool”和“her“dreamjob””可推知，Alverez夫人是得到了在一所好學校工作的機會。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天放學后，Carlos的母親來看Alverez夫人，懇求她留下來。A.begged懇求；B.invited邀請；C.reminded提醒；D.remended推薦。根據(jù)下文“MrsAlverezthoughtovertherequestofCarlos’hopelessmother”和“ThenMrsAlvereztaughtasbestshecould,alwaysgivingCarlosabitofextra___6___.”可知，Alverez夫人留在了這所學校，因此Carlos的母親是懇求Alverez夫人留下來。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Alverez夫人考慮了Carlos絕望的母親的要求，拒絕了她“夢想中的工作”。A.focuson聚焦于；B.wentafter追求；C.turneddown拒絕；D.tookup開始從事。根據(jù)下文“ThenMrsAlvereztaughtasbestshecould,alwaysgivingCarlosabitofextra___6___.”可知，Alverez夫人留在了這所學校，因此是拒絕了她“夢想中的工作”。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Alverez夫人盡她所能地教，總是給Carlos一點額外的關(guān)注。A.attention關(guān)注；B.money金錢；C.pany陪伴；D.service服務。根據(jù)下文“ateachernamedMrsAlverezhelpedhimlearntoread,caredforhim”可知，Alverez夫人總是給Carlos一點額外的關(guān)注。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她希望這個害羞、害怕男孩能有個好結(jié)果。A.goon繼續(xù)；B.cleanup清理；C.calmdown冷靜下來；D.workout進展順利。根據(jù)上文敘述的Alverez夫人因為Carlos母親的請求而留在這所學校繼續(xù)教書，而且?guī)椭鶦arlos可知，她是希望這個孩能有個好結(jié)果。故選D?！?8題詳解