操作系統(tǒng)一精髓與設(shè)計(jì)原理第五版選擇題與答案英文版第一到第十一章

操作系統(tǒng)一精髓與設(shè)計(jì)原理第五版選擇題與答案英文版第一到第十一章第一章Thegeneralroleofanoperatingsystemisto:da.Noneoftheaboveb.Managefilesforapplicationprogramsc.Actasaninterfacebetweenvariouscomputersd.ProvideasetofservicestosystemusersInformationthatmustbesavedpriortotheprocessortransferringcontroltotheinterrupthandlerroutineincludes:ba.Noneoftheaboveb.ProcessorStatusWord(PSW)&Locationofnextinstructionc.ProcessorStatusWord(PSW)d.ProcessorStatusWord(PSW)&ContentsofprocessorregistersOneacceptedmethodofdealingwithmultipleinterruptsisto:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Defineprioritiesfortheinterruptsb.Noneoftheabovec.Disableallinterruptsexceptthoseofhighestpriorityd.Servicetheminround-robinfashionInauniprocessorsystem,multiprogrammingincreasesprocessorefficiencyby:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Increasingprocessorspeedb.Eliminatingallidleprocessorcyclesc.Alloftheaboved.TakingadvantageoftimewastedbylongwaitinterrupthandlingAsoneproceedsdownthememoryhierarchy(i.e.,frominboardmemorytoofflinestorage),thefollowingcondition(s)apply:c選擇一個(gè)答案a.Decreasingcapacityb.Increasingcostperbitc.Increasingaccesstimed.AlloftheaboveSmall,fastmemorylocatedbetweentheprocessorandmainmemoryiscalled選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Noneoftheaboveb.Cachememoryc.WORMmemoryd.CD-RWmemoryWhenanewblockofdataiswrittenintocachememory,thefollowingdetermineswhichcachelocationtheblockwilloccupy:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Noneoftheaboveb.Writepolicyc.Cachesized.BlocksizeThefourmainstructuralelementsofacomputersystemare:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Processor,Registers,I/OModules&MainMemoryb.Processor,MainMemory,I/OModules&SystemBusc.Noneoftheaboved.Processor,Registers,MainMemory&SystemBusThetwobasictypesofprocessorregistersare:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.User-visibleandControl/Statusregistersb.User-visibleanduser-invisibleregistersc.Noneoftheaboved.ControlandStatusregistersAddressregistersmaycontain選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Memoryaddressesofdatab.Memoryaddressesofinstructionsc.Alloftheaboved.PartialmemoryaddressesAControl/Statusregisterthatcontainstheaddressofthenextinstructiontobefetchediscalledthe:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Alloftheaboveb.ProgramStatusWord(PSW)c.ProgramCounter(PC)d.InstructionRegister(IR)Thetwobasicstepsusedbytheprocessorininstructionprocessingare:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.InstructionandExecutecyclesb.FetchandInstructioncyclesc.FetchandExecutecyclesd.NoneoftheaboveAfetchedinstructionisnormallyloadedintothe:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.ProgramCounter(PC)b.Noneoftheabovec.InstructionRegister(IR)d.Accumulator(AC)Acommonclassofinterruptsis選擇一個(gè)答案da.Programb.I/Oc.Timerd.AlloftheaboveWhenanexternaldevicebecomesreadytobeservicedbytheprocessor,thedevicesendsthistypeofsignaltotheprocessor:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Noneoftheaboveb.Interruptsignalc.Haltsignald.Handlersignal第二章Aprimaryobjectiveofanoperatingsystemis:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Alloftheaboveb.Conveniencec.Abilitytoevolved.EfficiencyThepagingsysteminamemorymanagementsystemprovidesfordynamicmappingbetweenavirtualaddressusedinaprogramand:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Arealaddressinmainmemoryb.Noneoftheabovec.Avirtualaddressinmainmemoryd.ArealaddressinaprogramRelativetoinformationprotectionandsecurityincomputersystems,accesscontroltypicallyrefersto:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Provingthatsecuritymechanismsperformaccordingtospecificationb.Noneoftheabovec.Theflowofdatawithinthesystemd.RegulatinguserandprocessaccesstovariousaspectsofthesystemAcommonproblemwithfull-featuredoperatingsystems,duetotheirsizeanddifficultyofthetaskstheyaddress,is:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Latentbugsthatshowupinthefieldb.Chronicallylateindeliveryc.Sub-parperformanced.AlloftheaboveAtechniqueinwhichaprocess,executinganapplication,isdividedintothreadsthatcanrunconcurrentlyiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Noneoftheaboveb.Symmetricmultiprocessing(SMP)c.Multiprocessingd.MultithreadingWIN2Ksupportsseveraltypesofuserapplications,including:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Noneoftheaboveb.Linuxc.WIN32d.System10KeytothesuccessofLinuxhasbeenit’scharacterasafreesoftwarepackageavailableundertheauspicesofthe:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Noneoftheaboveb.BerkeleySoftwareDistributionc.FreeSoftwareFoundationd.WorldWideWebConsortiumTheoperatingsystemprovidesmanytypesofservicestoend-users,programmersandsystemdesigners,including:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Built-inuserapplicationsb.Errordetectionandresponsec.Alloftheaboved.RelationaldatabasecapabilitieswiththeinternalfilesystemTheoperatingsystemisunusualinit’sroleasacontrolmechanism,inthat:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Noneoftheaboveb.Itrunsonaspecialprocessor,completelyseparatedfromtherestofthesystemc.Itfrequentlyrelinquishescontrolofthesystemprocessorandmustdependontheprocessortoregaincontrolofthesystemd.ItneverrelinquishescontrolofthesystemprocessorOperatingsystemsmustevolveovertimebecause選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Newhardwareisdesignedandimplementedinthecomputersystemb.Hardwaremustbereplacedwhenitfailsc.Alloftheaboved.UserswillonlypurchasesoftwarethathasacurrentcopyrightdateAmajorproblemwithearlyserialprocessingsystemswas:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Setuptimeb.Inabilitytogethardcopyoutputc.Alloftheaboved.LackofinputdevicesAnexampleofahardwarefeaturethatisdesirableinabatch-processingsystemis選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Privilegedinstructionsb.Noneoftheabovec.Acompletelyaccessiblememoryaread.LargeclockcyclesAcomputerhardwarefeaturethatisvitaltotheeffectiveoperationofamultiprogrammingoperatingsystemis:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Alloftheaboveb.I/OinterruptsandDMAc.Verylargememoryd.MultipleprocessorsTheprincipleobjectiveofatimesharing,multiprogrammingsystemisto選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Maximizeprocessoruseb.Maximizeresponsetimec.Noneoftheaboved.ProvideexclusiveaccesstohardwareWhichofthefollowingmajorlineofcomputersystemdevelopmentcreatedproblemsintimingandsynchronizationthatcontributedtothedevelopmentoftheconceptoftheprocess?選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Multiprogrammingbatchoperationsystemsb.Realtimetransactionsystemsc.Alloftheaboved.Timesharingsystems第三章Thebehaviorofaprocessorcanbecharacterizedbyexamining:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Multipleprocesstracesb.Theinterleavingoftheprocesstracesc.Alloftheaboved.AsingleprocesstraceTheProcessImageelementthatcontainsthemodifiablepartoftheuserspaceiscalledthe:a進(jìn)程鏡像=PCB+程序+STACK+可修改的DATAa.Noneoftheaboveb.ProcessControlBlockc.SystemStackd.UserProgram分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Theprocessorexecutionmodethatuserprogramstypicallyexecuteinisreferredtoas:a選擇一個(gè)答案a.Usermodeb.Noneoftheabovec.Kernelmoded.SystemmodeOnestepintheprocedureforcreatinganewprocessinvolves:步驟:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Allocatingspacefortheprocessb.Alloftheabovec.Initializingtheprocesscontrolblockd.AssigningauniqueidentifierAprocessswitchmayoccurwhenthesystemencountersaninterruptcondition,suchasthatgeneratedbya:進(jìn)程切換:TRAP(異常)+系統(tǒng)調(diào)用+INTERRUPT選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Trapb.Supervisorcallc.Alloftheaboved.Memoryfault##操作系統(tǒng)僅僅是一組程序，并被處理器執(zhí)行，是進(jìn)程嗎,如何控制它,。。。3種方法:無進(jìn)程的內(nèi)核在用戶進(jìn)程中執(zhí)行(有一組進(jìn)程切換函數(shù))常用的PC就是這樣的基于進(jìn)程的操作系統(tǒng)IntheProcessBasedO/S:基于進(jìn)程的操作系統(tǒng)Majorkernelfunctionsareorganizedasseparatefunctions選擇一個(gè)答案ca.TheUserProcessImageincludesakernelstackb.O/Scodeanddataarecontainedinthesharedaddressspacec.Majorkernelfunctionsareorganizedasseparatefunctionsd.NoneoftheaboveUNIX進(jìn)程描述:用戶級(jí)上下文進(jìn)程正文，進(jìn)程數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)級(jí)上下文內(nèi)核棧寄存器上下文程序計(jì)數(shù)器，處理器狀態(tài)寄存器InatypicalUNIXsystem,theelementoftheprocessimagethatcontainstheprocessorstatusinformationisthe:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Alloftheaboveb.System-levelcontextc.User-levelcontextd.Registercontext分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Thebehaviorofanindividualprocesscanbecharacterizedbyexamining:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Asingleprocesstraceb.Multipleprocesstracesc.Theinterleavingoftheprocesstracesd.AlloftheaboveThebasicTwo-StateProcessModeldefinestwopossiblestatesforaprocessinrelationshiptotheprocessor:a選擇一個(gè)答案a.RunningandNotRunningb.Noneoftheabovec.ExecutingandWaitingd.RunningandExecuting分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Thereareanumberofconditionsthatcanleadtoprocesstermination,including:c選擇一個(gè)答案a.Boundsviolationb.Parentterminationc.Alloftheaboved.NormalcompletionIntheFive-StateProcessModel,thefollowingrepresentsavalidstatetransition:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Alloftheaboveb.New->Runningc.Running->Blockedd.New->BlockedInaProcessModelthatimplementstwosuspendstates,avalidstatetransitionisrepresentedby:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Running->Ready/Suspendb.Alloftheabovec.Ready->Ready/Suspendd.Ready/Suspend->ReadyTheschedulingstrategywhereeachprocessinthequeueisgivenacertainamountoftime,inturn,toexecuteandthenreturnedtothequeue,unlessblockedisreferredtoas:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Round-Robinb.Alloftheabovec.Prioritizationd.LIFO分?jǐn)?shù):6/6AMemoryTableisanO/ScontrolstructurethatisusedbytheO/Sto:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.ManageI/Odevicesb.Noneoftheabovec.Manageprocessesd.Provideinformationaboutsystemfiles分?jǐn)?shù):6/6進(jìn)程描述:1.操作系統(tǒng)的控制結(jié)構(gòu):4個(gè)表:內(nèi)存表，跟蹤主存，輔存IO表文件表進(jìn)程表2.進(jìn)程控制結(jié)構(gòu):PCB,進(jìn)程映像。。第四章Theconceptofaprocessinanoperatingsystemembodiestwoprimarycharacteristics,oneofwhichis:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Noneoftheaboveb.Resourceownershipc.Multithreadingd.SymmetricmultiprocessingEarlyoperatingsystemsthatweredesignedwithlittleconcernaboutstructurearetypicallyreferredtoas:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Kerneloperatingsystemsb.Monolithicoperatingsystemsc.Layeredoperatingsystemsd.Alloftheabove分?jǐn)?shù):6/6Abenefitofthemicrokernelorganizationis:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Flexibilityb.Portabilityc.Alloftheaboved.ExtensibilityInlow-levelmicrokernelmemorymanagement,anexampleofanoperationthatcansupportexternalpagingandvirtualmemorymanagementisthe:低級(jí)存儲(chǔ)器管理:提供一組3個(gè)微內(nèi)核操作，用于支持內(nèi)核外的分頁和虛存管理:授權(quán)，映射，刷新b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Flushoperationb.Alloftheabovec.Grantoperationd.MapoperationInaW2Ksystem,thestatethatathreadenterswhenithasbeenunblockedandtheresourceforwhichithasbeenblockedisnotyetavailableiscalledthe:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Waitingstateb.Standbystatec.Transitionstated.Noneoftheabove分?jǐn)?shù):7/7InaSolarissystem,aUser-LevelThread(ULT)thatenterstheactivestateisassignedtoa:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Noneoftheaboveb.Light-WeightProcess(LWP)c.Heavy-WeightProcess(HWP)d.KernelthreadInaLinuxsystem,whenanewprocessiscloned,thetwoprocessessharethesame:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Virtualmemoryb.Processidentifierc.Alloftheaboved.task_structdatastructureAnexampleofasystemthatimplementsasingleprocesswithmultiplethreadsis:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Javab.WIN2000c.Solarisd.AlloftheaboveWhichofthefollowingistrueregardingtherelationshipbetweenprocessesandthreads:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Alloftheaboveb.Ittakesfarlesstimetocreateanewthreadinanexistingprocessthantocreateanewprocessc.Ittakeslesstimetoswitchbetweentwodifferentprocessesthantoswitchbetweentwothreadswithinthesameprocessd.IttakeslesstimetoterminateaprocessthanathreadThebasicthreadoperationrelatedtothechangeinthreadstatethatoccurswhenathreadneedstowaitforaneventisreferredtoasthe:d選擇一個(gè)答案a.Unblockoperationb.Noneoftheabovec.Spawnoperationd.BlockoperationOneofthedisadvantagesofUser-LevelThreads(ULTs)comparedtoKernel-LevelThreads(KLTs)is:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.WhenaULTexecutesasystemcall,allthreadsintheprocessareblockedb.Schedulingisapplicationspecificc.Threadswitchingdoesnotrequirekernelmodeprivilegesd.AlloftheaboveIntheLinuxO/S,multiplethreadsmaybecreatedandexecutedwithinasingleprocess.ThisisanexampleofthefollowingThread-to-Processrelationship:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.M:Nb.1:Mc.Noneoftheaboved.1:1Thecomputersystemcategorywhereasingleprocessorexecutesasingleinstructionstreamtooperateondatastoredinasinglememoryiscalled:a選擇一個(gè)答案a.SingleInstructionSingleData(SISD)streamb.MultipleInstructionSingleData(MISD)streamc.SingleInstructionMultipleData(SIMD)streamd.NoneoftheaboveInaSMPsystem,eachprocessormaintainsalocalcacheandmustalertallotherprocessorsthatachangetocacheupdatehastakenplace.Thisisreferredtoasthe:a選擇一個(gè)答案a.Cachecoherencyproblemb.Synchronizationmechanismproblemc.Interconnectionmechanismproblemd.NoneoftheaboveKeyissuesinvolvedinthedesignofmultiprocessoroperatingsystemsinclude:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Schedulingb.Synchronizationc.Reliabilityandfaulttoleranced.Alloftheabove第五章Whichofthefollowingmajorlineofcomputersystemdevelopmentcreatedproblemsintimingandsynchronizationthatcontributedtothedevelopmentoftheconceptoftheprocess?b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Timesharingsystemsb.Alloftheabovec.Realtimetransactionsystemsd.MultiprogrammingbatchoperationsystemsAprimaryobjectiveofanoperatingsystemis:c選擇一個(gè)答案a.Abilitytoevolveb.Efficiencyc.Alloftheaboved.ConvenienceThepagingsysteminamemorymanagementsystemprovidesfordynamicmappingbetweenavirtualaddressusedinaprogramand:a選擇一個(gè)答案a.Arealaddressinmainmemoryb.Avirtualaddressinmainmemoryc.Noneoftheaboved.ArealaddressinaprogramRelativetoinformationprotectionandsecurityincomputersystems,accesscontroltypicallyrefersto:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Regulatinguserandprocessaccesstovariousaspectsofthesystemb.Theflowofdatawithinthesystemc.Provingthatsecuritymechanismsperformaccordingtospecificationd.NoneoftheaboveAcommonproblemwithfull-featuredoperatingsystems,duetotheirsizeanddifficultyofthetaskstheyaddress,is:d選擇一個(gè)答案a.Chronicallylateindeliveryb.Latentbugsthatshowupinthefieldc.Sub-parperformanced.AlloftheaboveAtechniqueinwhichaprocess,executinganapplication,isdividedintothreadsthatcanrunconcurrentlyiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Symmetricmultiprocessing(SMP)b.Noneoftheabovec.Multiprocessingd.MultithreadingWIN2Ksupportsseveraltypesofuserapplications,including:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Noneoftheaboveb.System10c.Linuxd.WIN32KeytothesuccessofLinuxhasbeenit’scharacterasafreesoftwarepackageavailableundertheauspicesofthe:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Noneoftheaboveb.BerkeleySoftwareDistributionc.WorldWideWebConsortiumd.FreeSoftwareFoundationTheoperatingsystemprovidesmanytypesofservicestoend-users,programmersandsystemdesigners,including:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Relationaldatabasecapabilitieswiththeinternalfilesystemb.Alloftheabovec.Errordetectionandresponsed.Built-inuserapplicationsTheoperatingsystemisunusualinit’sroleasacontrolmechanism,inthat:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Itrunsonaspecialprocessor,completelyseparatedfromtherestofthesystemb.Itfrequentlyrelinquishescontrolofthesystemprocessorandmustdependontheprocessortoregaincontrolofthesystemc.Itneverrelinquishescontrolofthesystemprocessord.NoneoftheaboveOperatingsystemsmustevolveovertimebecause選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Newhardwareisdesignedandimplementedinthecomputersystemb.Alloftheabovec.Hardwaremustbereplacedwhenitfailsd.Userswillonlypurchasesoftwarethathasacurrentcopyrightdate分?jǐn)?shù):6/6Amajorproblemwithearlyserialprocessingsystemswas:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Alloftheaboveb.Setuptimec.Inabilitytogethardcopyoutputd.LackofinputdevicesAnexampleofahardwarefeaturethatisdesirableinabatch-processingsystemis選擇一個(gè)答案da.Acompletelyaccessiblememoryareab.Largeclockcyclesc.Noneoftheaboved.PrivilegedinstructionsAcomputerhardwarefeaturethatisvitaltotheeffectiveoperationofamultiprogrammingoperatingsystemis:b選擇一個(gè)答案a.Alloftheaboveb.I/OinterruptsandDMAc.Multipleprocessorsd.VerylargememoryTheprincipleobjectiveofatimesharing,multiprogrammingsystemisto選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Maximizeresponsetimeb.Noneoftheabovec.Maximizeprocessorused.Provideexclusiveaccesstohardware第六章分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Thepermanentblockingofasetofprocessesthateithercompeteforsystemresourcesorcommunicatewitheachotheriscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Alloftheaboveb.Prioritizationc.Deadlockd.StarvationIndeadlockedprocessrecovery,selectioncriteriaforchoosingaparticularprocesstoabortorrollbackincludesdesignatingtheprocesswiththe:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Leasttotalresourcesallocatedsofarb.Alloftheabovec.Mostestimatedtimeremainingd.LowestpriorityOneapproachtoanintegratedstrategyfordealingwithdeadlocksinvolvestheimplementationof:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Virtualmemoryb.Processrollbacksc.Noneoftheaboved.ResourceclassesTheDiningPhilosopher’sProblemisastandardtestcaseforevaluatingapproachestoimplementing:d選擇一個(gè)答案a.Starvationb.Deadlockc.Alloftheaboved.SynchronizationAsoftwaremechanismthatinformsaprocessoftheoccurrencesofasynchronouseventsinUNIXarecalled:a選擇一個(gè)答案a.Signalsb.Messagesc.Pipesd.AlloftheaboveThreadsynchronizationprimitivessupportedbySolarisinclude:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Semaphoresb.Alloftheabovec.Mutualexclusion(mutex)locksd.ConditionvariablesThefamilyofsynchronizationobjectsimplementedbyW2Kinclude:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Mutexobjectsb.Alloftheabovec.Eventobjectsd.SemaphoreobjectsAlldeadlocksinvolveconflictingneedsforresourcesby:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Twoormoreprocessesb.Threeormoreprocessesc.Oneormoreprocessesd.Noneoftheabove分?jǐn)?shù):8/8Aresourcethatcanbecreatedanddestroyediscalleda:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Reusableresourceb.Producibleresourcec.Alloftheaboved.Consumableresource分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Anexampleofaconsumableresourceisthefollowing:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Printersb.Messagesc.Alloftheaboved.MainMemoryAconditionofpolicythatmustbepresentforadeadlocktobepossibleis:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Holdandwaitb.Mutualexclusionc.Alloftheaboved.NopreemptionAdirectmethodofdeadlockpreventionistopreventtheoccurrenceof:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Holdandwaitb.Circularwaitc.Alloftheaboved.MutualexclusionIntheResourceAllocationDenialapproachtoDeadlockAvoidance,asafestateisdefinedasoneinwhich:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Allpotentialprocesssequencesdonotresultinadeadlock:b.Atleastonepotentialprocesssequencedoesnotresultinadeadlockc.Noneoftheaboved.Severalpotentialprocesssequencesdonotresultinadeadlock:分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Aconservativestrategyfordealingwithdeadlocksthatinvolveslimitingaccesstoresourcesandimposingrestrictionsonprocessesiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.DeadlockPreventionb.Noneoftheabovec.DeadlockAvoidanced.DeadlockDetection第七章分?jǐn)?shù):6/6ThetaskofsubdividingmemorybetweentheO/SandprocessesisperformedautomaticallybytheO/Sandiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.MemoryManagementb.Relocationc.Alloftheaboved.ProtectionAreferencetoamemorylocationindependentofthecurrentassignmentofdatatomemoryiscalleda:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Relativeaddressb.Noneoftheabovec.Logicaladdressd.AbsoluteaddressAnactuallocationinmainmemoryiscalleda:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Logicaladdressb.Absoluteaddressc.Relativeaddressd.NoneoftheaboveThepagetableforeachprocessmaintains:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Thephysicalmemorylocationoftheprocessb.Thepagelocationforeachframeoftheprocessc.Noneoftheaboved.TheframelocationforeachpageoftheprocessInasystememployingapagingschemeformemorymanagement,wastedspaceisdueto:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Noneoftheaboveb.Pagesandframesofdifferentspecifiedsizesc.Externalfragmentationd.Internalfragmentation分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Inasystememployingasegmentationschemeformemorymanagement,wastedspaceisdueto:選擇一個(gè)答案da.Segmentsofdifferentsizesb.Noneoftheabovec.Internalfragmentationd.Externalfragmentation分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Inasystememployingasegmentationschemeformemorymanagement,aprocessisdividedinto:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Noneoftheaboveb.Anumberofsegmentswhichneednotbeofequalsizec.Anumberofsegmentswhichmustbeofequalsized.Onesegmentperthread分?jǐn)?shù):7/7TheconceptofMemoryManagementsatisfiescertainsystemrequirements,including:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Protectionb.Physicalorganizationc.Alloftheaboved.RelocationThepracticeinwhichaprogramanddataareorganizedinsuchawaythatvariousmodulescanbeassignedthesameregionofmemoryiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Relocationb.Sharingc.Overlayingd.Noneoftheabove分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Theconceptofvirtualmemoryisbasedononeorbothoftwobasictechniques:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Segmentationandpagingb.Overlayingandrelocationc.Noneoftheaboved.Segmentationandpartitioning分?jǐn)?shù):7/7AproblemwiththelargelyobsoleteFixedPartitioningmemorymanagementtechniqueisthatof:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.AllowingonlyafixednumberofProcessesb.Internalfragmentationc.Alloftheaboved.Inefficientuseofmemory分?jǐn)?shù):7/7Theproblemofinternalfragmentationcanbelessenedinsystemsemployingafixed-partitionmemorymanagementschemebyusing:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Unequalsizepartitionsb.Equalsizepartitionsc.Randomsizepartitionsd.Noneoftheabove分?jǐn)?shù):7/7IntheDynamicPartitioningtechniqueofmemorymanagement,thephenomenonthatresultsinunusedblocksofmemoryoutsideofexistingpartitionsiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Noneoftheaboveb.Externalfragmentationc.Compactiond.Internalfragmentation分?jǐn)?shù):7/7IntheDynamicPartitioningtechniqueofmemorymanagement,theplacementalgorithmthatchoosestheblockthatisclosestinsizetotherequestiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Best-fitb.Alloftheabovec.Next-fitd.First-fitIntheDynamicPartitioningtechniqueofmemorymanagement,theplacementalgorithmthatscansmemoryfromthelocationofthelastplacementandchoosesthenextavailableblockthatlargeenoughtosatisfytherequestiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Next-fitb.Alloftheabovec.Best-fitd.First-fit第八章分?jǐn)?shù):6/6Thetypeofmemorythatallowsforveryeffectivemultiprogrammingandrelievestheuserofmemorysizeconstraintsisreferredtoas:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Realmemoryb.Virtualmemoryc.Mainmemoryd.AlloftheaboveThereplacementpolicythatisimpossibletoimplementbecauseitwouldrequiretheO/Stohaveperfectknowledgeoffutureeventsiscalledthe:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Optimalpolicyb.Noneoftheabovec.Leastrecentlyused(LRU)policyd.ClockpolicyThereplacementpolicythatchoosesonlyamongtheresidentpagesoftheprocessthatgeneratedthepagefaultinselectingapagetoreplaceisreferredtoasa:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Noneoftheaboveb.Variablereplacementpolicyc.Localreplacementpolicyd.GlobalreplacementpolicyTheconceptassociatedwithdeterminingthenumberofprocessesthatwillberesidentinmainmemoryisreferredtoas:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.LoadControlb.Acleaningpolicyc.Thepagefaultfrequencyd.NoneoftheaboveInSVR4andSolarissystems,thememorymanagementschemethatmanagesuserprocessesanddiskI/Oiscalledthe:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Virtualmemorymanagerb.Noneoftheabovec.Pagingsystemd.KernelmemoryallocatorThemulti-levelmemorymanagementschemeimplementedinLinuxwasdesignedtominimizelargepagetablesanddirectoriesinwhichofthefollowinglineofprocessors:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Noneoftheaboveb.32-bitPentium/X86architecturec.64-bitAlphaarchitectured.16-bitX86architecture分?jǐn)?shù):7/7TheWindows2000virtualmemorymanagercanusepagesizesrangingfrom:選擇一個(gè)答案da.4GBto4TBb.64KBto4GBc.Noneoftheaboved.4KBto64KBThesituationwheretheprocessorspendsmostofitstimeswappingprocesspiecesratherthanexecutinginstructionsiscalled:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Thrashingb.Pagingc.ThePrincipleofLocalityd.NoneoftheaboveThesituationthatoccurswhenthedesiredpagetableentryisnotfoundintheTranslationLookasideBuffer(TLB)iscalleda:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.TLBmissb.Pagefaultc.Noneoftheaboved.TLBhit<p>Therealaddressofawordinmemoryistranslatedfromthefollowingportionsofavirtualaddress:</p>選擇一個(gè)答案da.Framenumberandoffsetb.Noneoftheabovec.Pagenumberandframenumberd.PagenumberandoffsetSegmentationhasanumberofadvantagestotheprogrammeroveranon-segmentedaddressspace,including:選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Sharingamongprocessesb.Simplifyingthehandlingofgrowingdatastructuresc.Alloftheaboved.Protection分?jǐn)?shù):0/7Inacombinedpaging/segmentationsystem,auser’saddressspaceisbrokenupintoanumberof:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Variable-sizedSegments,whichareinturnbrokendownintofixed-sizepagesb.Segmentsorpages,atthediscretionoftheprogrammerc.Alloftheaboved.Fixed-sizepages,whichareinturnbrokendownintovariable-sizedsegmentsSharingisachievedinasegmentationsystemby:選擇一個(gè)答案ba.Eachprocesssegmenttablehavingareferencetothedispatchermainmemoryareab.Referencingasegmentinthesegmenttablesofmorethanoneprocessc.Havingacommondataareathatallprocessescanshared.AlloftheaboveAfundamentalchoiceinthedesignofthememory-managementportionofanO/Sis:選擇一個(gè)答案aa.Alloftheaboveb.Thealgorithmsemployedforvariousaspectsofmemorymanagementc.Whetherornottousevirtualmemorytechniquesd.Whethertousepaging,segmentationofacombinationofthetwo選擇一個(gè)答案da.Noneoftheaboveb.Swappingc.Demandpagingd.Prepaging第九章分?jǐn)?shù):6/6<p>Thetypeofschedulingthatinvolvesthedecisiontoaddaprocesstothosethatareatleastpartiallyinmainmemoryandthereforeavailableforexecutionisreferredtoas:</p>選擇一個(gè)答案da.I/Oschedulingb.Noneoftheabovec.Long-termschedulingd.Medium-termscheduling分?jǐn)?shù):6/6<p>OnedifficultywiththeShortestProcessNext(SPN)schedulingtechniqueis:</p>選擇一個(gè)答案da.Thelackofpreemptionb.Theneedtoknoworestimaterequiredprocessingtimesforeachprocessc.Thestarvationoflongerprocessesd.Alloftheabove分?jǐn)?shù):6/6<p>OnedifficultywiththeShortestRemainingTime(SRT)schedulingtechniqueis:</p>選擇一個(gè)答案ca.Thelackofpreemptionb.Thestarvationofshorterprocessesc.Theneedtoknoworestimaterequiredprocessingtimesforeachprocessd.Alloftheabove<p>Whichofthefollowin