廣東省廣州市2022年中考英語真題（含答案）

廣東省廣州市2022年中考英語真題一、語法選擇（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1?15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。WhenIwasnineyearsold,Iwantedtokeepapetfish.Aftermonthsof1．.Ifinallyhadenoughmoneytogetone.InameditBob.Iput2．beautifultoyhousewithwindowsinthetank(魚缸)sothatBobcouldswimthrough.Sometimes,Iwoulddrawpicturesof3．fishandseaplantsandtapethemtothesideofthetank,soBobwouldn'tgetlonelywhileI4．a(chǎn)tschool.However,5．a(chǎn)month,Inoticedthatthetankwasgettingdirty.Mydadaskedme6．itintothekitchen.HewantedtomakesureIknew7．todosothatBobwouldn'tgethurt.First,mydadtoldmetoreach8．intothetankandtakethehouseaway.9．Itookmyhandoutofthewater,Inoticedthatthewaterwasalot10．thanIthought."That'ssmelly!"Isaid."Let'shurryupand11．thefishoutofthewater,Dad!""Notsofast,Ben,"Dadsaid."Weneedtosavesomeoftheoldwater,12．Bobneedsaplacetostaywhilewecleanthetank.""Why?"Iasked."Runningwaterfromthetapcanbeharmfultofish,"Dadexplained,"That13．wecan'tputBobintofreshwaterrightaway.Instead,weneedtoputhiminacupwith14．ofthedirtywaterforawhile."…Allseemedsoeasy.IhopedthenexttimeIwouldbeabletocleanthetankallby15．.（）1．A．save B．saves C．saved D．saving（）2．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/（）3．A．other B．others C．theother D．theothers（）4．A．a(chǎn)m B．was C．were D．willbe（）5．A．before B．for C．a(chǎn)fter D．during（）6．A．bring B．bringing C．brought D．tobring（）7．A．where B．what C．how D．why（）8．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．caring（）9．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though（）10．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest D．thedirtiest（）11．A．get B．gets C．got D．getting（）12．A．so B．or C．because D．but（）13．A．mean B．means C．meant D．ismeaning（）14．A．few B．a(chǎn)few C．little D．a(chǎn)little（）15．A．me B．my C．mine D．myself二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16?25各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。Samwasworried.Thefollowingmorning,hewouldhaveartclass.Itwashisfavouriteclass,buttherewasa16．.Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.Whenhedrew,birdshaddifferent-sizedwings,andbuildingshadstrangeshapes.Everytimehepaintedapicture,histeachersandclassmateswouldbe17．.Itwastimefortheartclass.Nervously,Samlookedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim."Goodmorning,class,"saidMrWhite."Today,we'regoingtopaint..."Sam18．,wonderingwhatthenextwordwouldbe.Please,hethought,nothouses.Notbuildings^"We'regoingtopaint19．，"saidMrWhite,withasmile."Yes!Great!"saidSam20．."Wecan'tpaintthat!"shoutedMikefromtheothersideoftheclassroom."Sure,youcan,"repliedMrWhite21．."Thinkaboutit,Mike.Whatmakesyouhappy?""Umm…beaches,sunshine,and…ice-cream!"saidMike."Well,thereyougo.That'showyoupaintit.Startworking!"saidMrWhite.Samwasalready22．.Hesplashed(潑灑)largeamountsofpaintalloverthe23．.Itwasreallybeautiful!Therewereshapesthatwedidn'thaveintherealworldandthecoloursweresoshining.Thewholeclass24．a(chǎn)ndSamlookedproud.Fromthatdayon,Samwasnever25．a(chǎn)boutartclass.Heknewthathecouldpainthappiness,nomatterWhathepainted.（）16．A．difference B．problem C．reason D．way（）17．A．encouragedB．relaxed C．satisfied D．surprised（）18．A．a(chǎn)greed B．replied C．understood D．waited（）19．A．buildings B．houses C．happiness D．summer（）20．A．excitedlyB．carelessly C．kindly D．sadly（）21．A．a(chǎn)ngrily B．patiently C．secretly D．worriedly（）22．A．painting B．playing C．talking D．writing（）23．A．book B．floor C．paper D．wall（）24．A．cheered B．doubted C．finished D．regretted（）25．A．careful B．certain C．happy D．nervous三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀理解Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It'simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.（）26．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B．Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C．Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D．Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.（）27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"identity"inparagraph2mean?A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.（）28．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B．Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C．Payattentiontoyourfriends'unusualacts. D．Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.（）29．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon'tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A．Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B．Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C．Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D．Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.閱讀理解Slowlybutsurely,Amyandhergrandparentsweremakingprogress.Boxesofallsizeswereplacedontopofeachotherthroughoutthehouse.Amy'sgrandparentshadlivedinthehouseforyearsandtheyhadcollectedmanythings.Thediningroomwasfoilofmemories.Amy'sgrandfatherkeptmanyfinedinnerplates(盤子)fromhishometown.Amyrememberedthattheyatefromthered,yellow,andblueplatesduringimportantholidays.Aftercarefullywrappingup(包裹)theplatesandputtingthemintoabox,Amylifteditupandmoveditoutoftheway.Buttheboxwastooheavy.Itsuddenlyfellfromherarmsanddroppedtothefloor.Allthreeofthemheardtheplatesshatter."I'msorry!"Amyapologised."It'sokay,"hergrandfathersaidquietly."Itwasanaccident?"Theyopenedtheboxand,sureenough,manyoftheplateswerebroken.Onlyafewremainedwhole.Lookingatthesmallpieces,Amyfeltreallyterrible.Sheknewtheseplateswerepasseddownfromhergreatgrandparentsand..."Don'tworry,"hergrandmothersaid,pattingherontheback.Carefully,theyputthebrokenpiecesintoarubbishbag.Theycontinuedpackingforalittlewhile,butAmystillfeltverysorry.Shewastryingveryhardtothinkofawaytomakeitupforhergrandparents.Soon,Amy'sfathercame."Ihavetogo,"shesaid."Dadisheretopickmeup."Shekissedhergrandparentsboth,pickedupthebagofthebrokenpiecesandleft."What'sthat?"herfatherasked,asAmyclimbedintothecar.Amylookedatthebaginherhandsasanideacametoher,"This,"shesaid,"isanartproject?Thefollowingday,Amywenttoanartstoreandboughteverythingsheneeded.Thenshestartedtowork.Sheusedathinboardasthebase.Thenshetookoutthecolourfulplatepiecesandgluedtheminacreativewayontheboard.Whenitwasdry,Amywrappeditup.Afewdayslater,Amy'sfamilyhadabigdinnerathergrandparents'newhouse.Shehandedhergifttohergrandparents."Thisisfantastic,Amy!"saidhergrandfather."Ican'twaittohangitupinournewhome,"Amy'sgrandmothersaidasshegaveherabighug.（）30．WhatwasAmyhelpinghergrandparentsdoatthebeginningofthestory?A．Movetoanewhouse. B．Wrapupsomepresents.C．Collectfinedinnerplates. D．Prepareabigfamilydinner.（）31．WhydidAmyfeelsonyforthebrokenplates?A．Theywereneverusedbythefamily. B．Theywerevaluableholidaypresents.C．Theyweremeaningfulfamilytreasures. D．Theywereexpensivehometownproducts.（）32．HowdidAmyfinallydealwiththebrokenplatepieces?A．Shesentthemtoanartstore. B．Sheputtheminherfather'scar.C．Shemadeaspecialgiftwiththem. D．Shethrewthemintoarubbishbag.（）33．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAmy?A．Kindandcreative. B．ravebutforgetful.C．carelessbuthelpful. D．Funnyandhardworking閱讀理解CharlesDarwinEarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhimjointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn'twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(進化論),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However;whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin'stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruarythedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.（）34．WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A．Hedidn'tlikeseeingblood. B．Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.C．Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily. D．Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.（）35．WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A．Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B．Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfixture.C．Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D．Itgothimtocompletehismostfamousbookontheship.（）36．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin'slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→dC．e-→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b（）37．Whydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?A．TointroduceDarwin'sfamousbook. B．TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C．ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin'sideas. D．ToshowDarwin'sinfluenceonnaturalscience.閱讀理解Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you'llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon'thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.（）38．Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A．Amap,acompassandaflag. B．Aflag,acompassandacard.C．Acompass,amapandacard. D．Aphone,acompassandamap.（）39．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A．Youdon'tneedtomarkthecards. B．Youcan'tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C．Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder. D．Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.（）40．HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.四、閱讀填空(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)閱讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入各題空白處的最佳選項。Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,don'twe?41．Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyouknowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoingsport?42．Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeeling.Justtenminutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier.Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewilllookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn'tit?43．Ifexercisehasn'tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingforamarathon(馬拉松):youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhilelisteningtotheirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.44．Itdoesn'tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisn'tjustaboutappearance.45．Whowouldn'twantthat?A.Startsmall!B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.五、語篇填詞(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整單詞。DunhuangisahistoriccityinGansu.Inancienttimes,Dunhuangwasanimportantc46．oftrade.AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,DunhuangbecameChina'swesterngatewaytotheworld.Here,differentculturesmetandinfluencedeachother.Peoplefromf47．countriesdidbusinessandcommunicatedwiththelocalpeople.Ifyouv48．Dunhuang,youwillbeabletoseetheMogaoCaves(莫高窟).Ifyouwalki49．,youwilldiscoversomeofthewonderfulartworks.Thereareover45,000squaremetresofbeautifulpaintingsonthecavewalls,aswellasthousandsofstatues.Overtheyears,ChinahasmadegreateffortstoprotecttheMogaoCaves.Today,youcanalsofindhigh-qualityphotosoftheartworksontheInternet.Peopleallovertheworldnowhaveac50．toseeDunhuang'streasuresonline.六、完成句子，根據(jù)所給的漢語內(nèi)容，用英語完成下列句子。（每空限填一詞）（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）51．凱特計劃參加學?？茖W日活動。KatewasplanningtotheactivitiesontheschoolScienceDay.52．凱特想知道她是否能為科學日做些事。KatewonderedsomethingfortheScienceDay.53．一開始，凱特小組制作水火箭有困難。Atfirst,Kate'sgroupthebottlerocket.54．在科學老師的幫助下，凱特小組的水火箭得以成功發(fā)射。Withthehelpofthescienceteacher,thebottlerocketsuccessfullybyKate'sgroup.55．學?？茖W日很精彩。凱特小組真高興！TheschoolScienceDaywaswonderful.Kate'sgroupwere!七、書面表達（共1題，滿分15分）56．你校將興建新圖書館，學校英文報以"MyGreenSchoolLibrary"為題向?qū)W生征稿。請根據(jù)以下思維導(dǎo)圖的內(nèi)容提示寫一篇短文投稿，介紹你所設(shè)計（design）的綠色圖書館。注意：1）可在思維導(dǎo)圖內(nèi)容提示的基礎(chǔ)上適當拓展信息；2）詞數(shù)80詞左右（短文的開頭已給出，不計入詞數(shù)）；3）不得透露學校、姓名等任何個人信息，否則不予評分。MyGreenSchoolLibrarylwanttodesignagreenschoollibrary.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D；2．A；3．A；4．B；5．C；6．D；7．B；8．C；9．C；10．B；11．A；12．C；13．B；14．D；15．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了作者小時候喜歡養(yǎng)魚并為魚換水的故事?！军c評】考查故事類閱讀。根據(jù)短文大意和語境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補全后的短文意思通順，語法正確，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。1．句意：經(jīng)過幾個月的攢錢我終于有足夠的錢買了一個。save節(jié)省，攢錢，動詞原形；saves第三人稱單數(shù)；saved過去式；saving現(xiàn)在分詞或者動名詞。根據(jù)見面的介詞of可知后跟動名詞。故答案為D。2．句意：我給它取名為鮑勃，我在魚缸里放了一個漂亮的帶窗戶的玩具屋，這樣鮑勃就可以游過去了。a不定冠詞，一個，用在輔音音素詞前；an一個，不定冠詞，用在元音音素詞前；the定冠詞，表示特指，也可指已提到或易領(lǐng)會到的人或事物；/零冠詞。根據(jù)語境和句意可知這里是第一次提到，beautifultoy，表泛指，用不定冠詞，beautiful以輔音音素開頭，用a。故答案為A。3．句意：有時，我會畫一些其他魚類和海生植物的圖片，然后把它們粘在魚缸的一邊，這樣鮑勃就不會在我上學的時候感到孤獨了。other其他的，后常跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示泛指；others其他人(物)，后面不能接名詞；theother兩者的另一個；theothers特指剩余的其他人(物)；根據(jù)fishandseaplants可知此處是修飾后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，用形容詞other，泛指其他的，別的。故答案為A。4．句意：有時，我會畫一些其他魚類和海生植物的圖片，然后把它們粘在魚缸的一邊，這樣鮑勃就不會在我上學的時候感到孤獨了。am第一人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時；was，is和am的過去式，用于第一和第三人稱單數(shù)；were，are的過去式，用于主語是復(fù)數(shù)和第二人稱單數(shù)；willbe一般將來時。根據(jù)soBobwouldn'tgetlonelywhileI...school."可知句子是一般過去時，用動詞過去式，主語為I，用was。故答案為B。5．句意：然而，一個月后，我注意到魚缸變臟了。before在之前；for后跟時間段，表示持續(xù)一段時間；after在之后;during在……期間。根據(jù)Inoticedthatthetankwasgettingdirty.可知，應(yīng)該是過了一個月后，才發(fā)現(xiàn)魚缸變臟的。故答案為C。6．句意：我爸爸讓我把它帶到廚房。bring帶來，帶……到某處，動詞原形；bringing現(xiàn)在分詞或者動名詞；brought過去式，過去分詞；tobring動詞不定式。根據(jù)"Mydadaskedme和固定搭配asksbtodosth，讓某人做某事，可知用動詞不定式，故答案為D。7．句意：他想確保我知道該做什么，以免鮑勃受傷。where哪里；what什么；how如何；why為什么。根據(jù)Iknew7todo可知，此處為特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)，作knew的賓語，用疑問代詞what，whattodo做什么，其他是副詞，不符合題意，故答案為B。8．句意：首先，我爸爸讓我小心地把手伸進魚缸，把房子搬走。care關(guān)心，動詞，名詞；careful小心的，形容詞；carefully小心地，副詞；caring關(guān)心，動名詞或者現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)reach可知這里是修飾動詞，用副詞，故答案為C。9．句意：當我把手從水里拿出來時，我注意到水比我想象的要臟得多。If如果；Unless除非；Ween.當……時候；Though雖然。根據(jù)tookmyhandoutofthewater,Inoticedthatthewaterwasal..than1thought."可知when，當……時候，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，符合題意，故答案為C。10．句意：當我把手從水里拿出來時，我注意到水比我想象的要臟得多。dirty骯臟的；dirtier比較級，更臟；dirtiest最臟的，最高級；thedirtiest，定冠詞the+最高級，最臟的。根據(jù)alot和than（比）可知這里是比較級，故答案為B。11．句意：爸爸，我們趕快把魚從水里撈出來吧！get得到，原形；gets第三人稱單數(shù)；got過去式。getting現(xiàn)在分詞或者動名詞。根據(jù)letsbdo讓某人做某事，和Let'shurryupand可知這里是并列的單詞原形，故答案為A。12．句意：我們需要保留一些舊水，因為我們清洗魚缸時，鮑勃需要一個地方住。so因此；or或者；because因為；bu但是；根據(jù)Weneedtosavesomeoftheoldwater,和Bobneedsaplacetostaywhilewecleanthetank.可知后面是前面的原因，用because，故答案為C。13．句意：那意味著我們不能馬上把鮑勃放進淡水里。mean意思是，原形；means第三人稱單數(shù)；meant過去式；ismeaning現(xiàn)在進行時；根據(jù)Instead,weneedtoputhiminacup可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語用動詞第三人稱單數(shù)，故答案為B。14．句意：相反，我們需要把他放在一個裝有少量臟水的杯子里一段時間。few幾乎沒有，修飾可數(shù)名詞；afew一些，修飾可數(shù)名詞；little幾乎沒有，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；alttle有點兒，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)oftheditywater可知，此處water為不可數(shù)名詞，且表示肯定含義，使用alittle，故答案為D。15．句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能獨自清洗水箱。me我，賓格；my我的，形容詞性物主代詞；mine我的，名詞性物主代詞；myself我自己，反身代詞。根據(jù)byoneself"獨自，可知用反身代詞，故答案為D?！敬鸢浮?6．B；17．D；18．D；19．C；20．A；21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章介紹薩姆由擔心上美術(shù)課到喜歡上美術(shù)課的故事?！军c評】考查故事類閱讀。根據(jù)前后文的語境，認真辨析選項里的單詞或短語的詞義，結(jié)合詞性，短語，句型，時態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂一致，選出正確的選項。16．句意：這是他最喜歡的課，但有一個問題。difference差異，不同；problem問題；reason原因；way方式，方法。根據(jù)Itwashisfavouriteclass和下面的轉(zhuǎn)折but"he"Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.可知是指有一個問題。故答案為B。17．句意：薩姆很驚訝，不知道下一個單詞會是什么。encouraged受鼓舞的；relaxed放松的；satisfied滿意的；surprised驚訝的；根據(jù)Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.Whenhedrew,birdshaddifrent-sizedwings,andbuildingshadstrangeshapes."可知，此處老師和同學是驚訝的，故答案為D。18．句意：薩姆等著，不知道下一個字會是什么。agreed同意；replied回復(fù)；understood理解；waited等待。根據(jù)wonderingwhatthenextwordwouldbe.Please,hethought,nothouses.Notbuildings可知，他在等待著老師說出要畫的內(nèi)容。故答案為D。19．句意：懷特先生笑著說：“我們要畫幸福"。buildings建筑；houses房子；happiness快樂，幸福；summer夏天；根據(jù)Whatmakesyouhappy?和Heknewthathecouldpainthapiness可知，此處畫的是幸福，故答案為C。20．句意：“是的！太好了！”薩姆興奮地說。excitedly興奮地；carelessly粗心地；kindly體貼地，友好地；sadly傷心地；根據(jù)'Yes!Great!可知薩姆很興奮，故答案為A。21．句意：“當然可以，”懷特先生耐心地回答。angrily生氣地；patiently有耐心地；secrely秘密地；worriedly擔憂地；根據(jù)Wecan'tpaintthat!”shoutedMikefromtheothersideofthecassroom.可知懷特先生聽到了邁克的反對建議，沒有生氣，耐心地回復(fù)。故答案為B。22．句意：薩姆已經(jīng)在畫畫了。painting畫；playing玩；talking交談；writing寫；根據(jù)Hesplashed(潑灑)largeamountsofpaintalloverthe8.可知，薩姆已經(jīng)在進行繪畫了。故答案為A。23．句意：他把大量的顏料潑灑在紙上。book書；floo地板；paper紙；wall墻。根據(jù)Nervously,Samlokedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim.可知，應(yīng)該在紙上進行繪畫，故答案為C。24．句意：全班同學都歡呼起來，薩姆看起來很自豪。cheered歡呼；doubted懷疑；finished結(jié)束，完成；regretted后悔；根據(jù)Samlookedproud可知，全班都為他歡呼，故答案為A。25．句意：從那天起，薩姆對美術(shù)課從不緊張。careful小心的；certain確定的；happy開心的；nervous緊張不安的。根據(jù)Nervously,Samlookedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim.和Heknewthathecouldpainthapness可知之前是緊張的，但現(xiàn)在得到了大家的認可，就不再緊張了。故答案為D?！敬鸢浮?6．D27．B28．A29．C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文講述了幫助朋友意味著什么和怎樣用正確的方式幫助朋友的建?！军c評】考查日常生活類閱讀。段落大意題不能只憑文段中的只言片語而斷章取義，需要在細讀整段的基礎(chǔ)上進行邏輯思維推理判斷，從而獲取本段內(nèi)含的信息。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways可知本文主要為了講述幫助朋友意味著什么，怎樣以正確的方式幫助朋友。故答案為D。27．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)It'simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.可知，確認什么時候幫助朋友是重要的，“identify"表示“認識到”，“discover"發(fā)現(xiàn)，了解到，符合題意，故答案為B。28．段落大意題。根據(jù)Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingatentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife結(jié)合第三段的內(nèi)容，可知第三段講述幫助朋友接下來的一步是做一個好的聆聽者。故答案為A。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives可知，如果在很嚴重的問題上朋友不聽取你的建議，你應(yīng)該努力弄懂朋友的感受和經(jīng)歷，努力從他們的角度看問題?？芍枰宄栴}的原因。故答案為C?！敬鸢浮?0．A31．C32．C33．A【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文講述艾米幫祖父母搬家的時候打破了盤子，她用碎片制作了一份禮物送給了祖父母的故事?！军c評】考查故事類閱讀。在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)全文大意，展開邏輯思維，瞻前顧后，認真觀察選項，仔細推敲，確定最佳答案。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Slowlybutsurely,Amyandhergrandparentsweremakingprogress.Boxesofallsizeswereplacedontopofeachotherthroughoutthehouse.和Aftercarefullywrappinguptheplatesandputtingthemintoabox,Amylifteditupandmoveditoutoftheway"可知艾米幫祖父母把東西打包搬家。故答案為A。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sheknewtheseplateswerepasseddownfromhergreatgrandparents”可知這些盤子是從祖祖父母那里傳下來的，可知是有特殊意義的家族財寶。故答案為C。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)shetookoutthecolourfulplatepiecesandgluedtheminacreativewayontheboard.Whenitwasdry,Amywrappeditup和Shehandedhergifttohergrandparents"可知她用破碎的盤子制作了一份禮物。故答案為C。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可知本文講述艾米幫祖父母搬家的時候打破了盤子后，她用盤子碎片制作了一份禮物送給了祖父母。可知艾米非常善良而且有創(chuàng)意。故答案為A?！敬鸢浮?4．A35．C36．B37．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了達爾文。結(jié)合了他的學習和旅行經(jīng)歷，講述達爾文研究自然世界，并完成《物種起源》的經(jīng)歷。【點評】考查人物傳記類閱讀。細節(jié)理解題要結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理地分析才能得出正確的答案。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor可知達爾文討厭看到血，所以放棄了學醫(yī)。故答案為A。35．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).可知達爾文在“小獵戶號"船上的旅行，讓他開始創(chuàng)造他有名的理論，他認為所有的生物都有一個共同的祖先。故答案為C。36．推理判斷題。a、他于1836年回到英國。b、他認為公眾不會支持他的想法。c、他開始對研究自然世界感興趣。d、他出版了他的名著《物種起源》。e、他得到了幫助，得以在世界各地旅行中獲得一席之地。f、他研究了他訪問的島嶼上的植物和動物。根據(jù)hehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals可知他對學習自然世界感興趣。根據(jù)oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature可知他得到幫助可以去環(huán)球航行。根據(jù)hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited"可知他在島上研究植物和動物。根據(jù)WhenhefinallyrrivedbackinBritain可知，他回到英國。根據(jù)hewasfrightenedabouwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans可知他認為大眾不會支持他的想法。根據(jù)Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies可知他出版了他的書《物種起源》。正確的順序是c→e→f→a→b→d，故答案為B。37．推理判斷題。根據(jù)DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.可知達爾文日是為了鼓勵更多的人研究自然科學。可知作者加上最后一段是為了展示達爾文在自然科學上的影響。故答案為D。【答案】38．C39．B40．B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文講述定向運動游戲的具體操作規(guī)則。【點評】考查說明文閱讀。首先要讀題干，劃出題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，再根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位至文中，這樣就能容易的找到正確答案。38．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.和Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).可知在游戲中，需要攜帶一張地圖，一個指南針和一張卡片。故答案為C。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon'thavethatmarkontheircard可知如果錯過了一個控制點，就不會在卡片上得到那個得分，可知不能錯過贏的任何控制點。故答案為B。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格的控制點有1到5，7到9，和11到12，可知共完成10個控制點。故答案為B?！敬鸢浮?1．E；42．D；43．A；44．B；45．C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了鍛煉應(yīng)從小的方面著手，做讓人享受的運動，這樣才能讓人更健康更開心。

選項意義：

A.Startsmall!從小事做起！

B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!這樣，你就永遠不會放棄了！

C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier..這是關(guān)于更健康和感覺更快樂。

D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.首先，運動不僅僅關(guān)乎身體。

E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.但是我們也知道不是每個人都喜歡這樣做。

【點評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。關(guān)鍵是跳過空白句，先通讀全文，然后結(jié)合上下文的意思，找到合適的句子，如果有困難，我們可以逐一把句子代入進行比較，找到符合空白處的選項。最后再通讀全文進行核對更正。41．根據(jù)下文Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup可知跑或者游泳很長一段路會讓人想躺倒放棄，可知講述鍛煉對人有好處，但是不是每個人都會喜歡。結(jié)合選項，可知E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.但是我們也知道不是每個人都喜歡這樣做。符合上下文語境，故答案為E。42．根據(jù)下文Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeling和Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily可知，身體的運動引起人的大腦的變化，幫助人感覺更新鮮更容易睡著，可知講述除了身體，鍛煉對人其他方面的影響。結(jié)合選項，可知D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.首先，運動不僅僅關(guān)乎身體。符合題意，故答案為D。43．根據(jù)下文youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.可知，每天走路騎自行車十分鐘是形成鍛煉習慣的好方法，這樣人不會放棄?？芍渥又v述應(yīng)從小的方面著手。結(jié)合選項，可知A.Startsmall!從小事做起！相符合。故答案為A。44．根據(jù)上文Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.和Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout可知，選擇的鍛煉活動不僅能有益于身體，而且讓人享受?？芍渥又v述讓人享受的運動對人的益處。結(jié)合選項可知B.Thatway,you'llnevergiveitup!這樣，你就永遠不會放棄了！符合題意。故答案為B。45．根據(jù)上文Doingregularexerciseisn'tjustaboutappearance.可知有規(guī)律的鍛煉不只是關(guān)于外表，結(jié)合上文講述對人其他方面的益處和鍛煉讓人享受，可知這里講述鍛煉對人的好處，結(jié)合選項，可知C.It'saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier..這是關(guān)于更健康和感覺更快樂。符合題意。故答案為C?！敬鸢浮?6．center/centre；47．foreign；48．visit；49．inside；50．chance【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了敦煌在古代是貿(mào)易中心，在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多藝術(shù)作品，現(xiàn)在人們可以在網(wǎng)上看到敦煌的珍寶。

【點評】考查單詞拼寫。根據(jù)句意，結(jié)合時態(tài)，語態(tài)，詞性，短語，句型和主謂一致，根據(jù)開頭字母的提示，填入正確形式的單詞。46．句意：在古代，敦煌是一重要的貿(mào)易中心。根據(jù)an可知是單數(shù)名詞作表語。根據(jù)AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,Dunh