新高考英語二輪復習題型歸納與變式演練專題28 短文類03（正反觀點型利弊對比型解決問題型）（解析版）

專題28短文類03（正反觀點型，利弊對比型，解決問題型）（解析版）議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表意見、提出主張的文體。論點、論據和論證是不可缺少的三要素。近年來，高考英語書面表達中對開放性議論文文體的考查有遞增趨勢。第一段∶開頭-—引論。用以引出一個令人關注的問題（topic），闡明觀點或看法。第二段∶主體——本論。全文的主要部分，對提出的問題進行分析、推論，運用材料對觀點進行論述，使論點得到足夠的支持。第三段∶結尾—結論。對主體部分內容進行概括，明確論點所要解決、論證的問題。有時則是提出建議或給出解決問題的方法或策略。議論文的寫作較之于其他題材的文章相對有規(guī)律可循。而且文章的開頭具有一定的共性，行文中段落的過渡和觀點之間的轉化也有相似之處。因此使用規(guī)律性的語句不但可以顯得條理清楚，而且可以提高文章檔次。一、議論文(1)——正反觀點型Part1：寫作模板1．導入主題Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat(某個主題，需以句子形式呈現)．Butitiswellknownthattheopinionsconcerningthishottopicvaryfrompersontoperson.2．正方觀點Amajorityofpeopleapproveoftheopinionthat(正方觀點)．Fromtheirpointofview，therearetwofactorscontributingtothisattitude，whichareasfollows：inthefirstplace，(原因一)．Furthermore，(原因二)．3．反方觀點Onthecontrary，somepeopledifferintheiropinionsonthismatter.Theyholdtheviewthat(反方觀點)．Ontheonehand，(原因一)．Ontheotherhand，(原因二)．4．闡明個人看法AsfarasIamconcerned，Ithinkweshouldtakeimmediatemeasuresto(個人觀點)．Firstofall，.Inaddition，.Onlyinthiswaycanwe.【說明】文章結構1．開頭：提出問題；2．主體：陳述不同的觀點及其理由；3．結尾：說明自己的觀點。Part2：必背詞句1．第一段開門見山，提出主題(1－2句)Wehadaheateddiscussionabout/on...Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.Opinionsaredivided...Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowards...Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.Peopletakedifferentviewsonthisquestion.Recently,theproblemof…h(huán)asarousedpeople'sconcern.最近,……問題已引起人們的關注。TheInternethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.互聯網已在我們的生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色.它給我們帶來了許多好處,但也產生了一些嚴重的問題。Nowadays,(overpopulation)hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.如今，(人口過剩)已成為我們不得不面對的問題了。Itiscommonlybelievedthat…/Itisacommonbeliefthat…人們一般認為……Manypeopleinsistthat…很多人堅持認為……Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat…隨著科技的發(fā)展,越來越多的人認為……Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat…很多人似乎認為……2．第二段表達不同觀點..ofthemholdtheopinionthat.....ofthemareinfavoroftheideathat...Peoplewhoarefor/againsttheideathinkthat...Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...However，...ofthemholdadifferentview./...ofthemholdtheoppositeopinion.However，eachcoinhastwosides.Differentfromthose...，peoplethink...Ontheotherhand，peopleobjectthat...People'sviewson…varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat….However,othersbelievethat…人們對……的觀點因人而異.有些人認為……，然而其他人卻認為……Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson…人們對……可能會有不同的見解。Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.人們對待（毒品）的態(tài)度因人而異。Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…關于……，人們的觀點大不相同。Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward(failure).對(失敗)人們的態(tài)度各不相同。Asfarassomethingisconcerned,…就某事而言，……Itwasobviousthat…很顯然,…...Itmaybetruethat…,butitdoesn'tmeanthat…可能……是對的,但這并不意味著……Itisnaturaltobelievethat…,butweshouldn'tignorethat…認為……是很自然的,但我們不應忽視……Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat…沒有證據表明……3．第三段說明自己的觀點AsfarasIamconcerned...Inmyopinion...It’smyopinionthat...Inaword，onlythrough...canwehaveabrightfuture.Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First,…Second,…Third,…這一現象的存在是有許多原因的。首先，……;第二,，……;第三，……Whydid…?Foronething，….Foranother，….Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…為什么會……?一個原因是……，令一個原因是……。或許其主要原因是……Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.我十分贊同這一論述,即……，其主要原因如下。Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.在我看來,支持第一種觀點比支持第二種觀點更有道理。Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…我無法完全同意這一觀點……Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…就個人而言,我站在……的一邊。Isincerelybelievethat…我真誠地相信……Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo…thantodo….在我個人看來,做……比做……更明智?！驹~句積累】一.開頭句型

1.Asfarasisconcerned就……而言比如說：就我而言AsfarasIconcerned

2Itcanbesaidwithcertaintythat+從句可以肯定地說……3.Astheproverbsays，正如諺語所說的，可以用來引用名言名句4.Ithastobenoticedthat它必須注意到，……5.It’sgenerallyrecognizedthat它普遍認為……6.It’slikelythat這可能是因為……7.It’shardthat這是很難的……8There’snodenyingthefactthat毫無疑問，無可否認

……9.Nothingismoreimportantthanthefactthat沒有什么比這更重要的是……10.what’sfarmoreimportantisthat更重要的是……11.Recently,theproblemof…h(huán)asarousedpeople’sconcern.最近，……問題已引起人們的關注。12.TheInternethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.互聯網已在我們的生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色，它給我們帶來了許多好處,但也產生了一些嚴重的問題。13.Nowadays,…h(huán)asbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.如今，……已成為我們不得不面對的問題了。14.Itiscommonlybelievedthat…/Itisacommonbeliefthat…人們一般認為……15.Manypeopleinsistthat…很多人堅持認為……16.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat…隨著科技的發(fā)展，越來越多的人認為……17.Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat…很多人似乎認為……18.People’sviewson…varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat….However,othersbelievethat…人們對……的觀點因人而異。有些人認為……，然而其他人卻認為……19.Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson…人們對……可能會有不同的見解。20.Attitudestowards…varyfrompersontoperson.人們對待……的態(tài)度因人而異。21.Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…關于……，人們的觀點大不相同。22.Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward….人們對……的態(tài)度各不相同。23．Wehadadiscussionaboutwhetheritisnecessary

to...我們討論了是否有必要……24．We'vehadasurveyonhowtochoosetheircourses，majorsanduniversities.我們曾就如何選擇他們的課程、專業(yè)和大學進行了調查。25．Wehaveheldadiscussionaboutwhetheritisgoodornot...我們討論了……是好還是不好。二.銜接句型

1.Acaseinpointis一個典型的例子是……3Buttheproblemisnotsosimple.Therefore，+句子（然而問題并非如此簡單，所以……）4.Butit’sapitythat但遺憾的是…it’sapitythat….遺憾的是……5Inspiteofthefactthat盡管事實……Inspiteof盡管6.Further,weholdopinionthat此外，我們堅持認為，……7.However,thedifficultyliesin..+名詞或者動名詞.然而，困難在于……8.Similarly,weshouldpayattentionto同樣，我們要注意……9Asithasbeenmentionedabove正如上面所提到的……（可以用來對前面所說的話進行補充說明）10.Inthisrespect,從這個角度上

11.However,然而12.Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First,…Second,…Third,…這一現象的存在是有許多原因的。首先，……；第二，……；第三，……13.Whydid…?Foronething…Foranother…Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…為什么會……？一個原因是……，令一個原因是……?；蛟S其主要原因是……14.Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.我十分贊同這一論述,即……，其主要原因如下。15.Itishightimethatweputanendto….該是我們停止……的時候了。16.Itistimetotaketheadviceof…andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof…是該采取……的建議和特別強調……的發(fā)展的時候了。17.Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof…毫無疑問，對……問題應予以足夠的重視。18.Obviously,ifwewanttodosomething…,itisessentialthat…顯然，如果我們想做某事，很重要的是……19.Onlyinthiswaycanwe…只有這樣，我們才能……20.Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation.很緊迫的是，應立即采取措施阻止這一事態(tài)的發(fā)展。21．Opinionsaredividedonthisissue.在這個問題上意見不一。22．Differentpeople，however，havedifferentopinionsonthismatter.然而，不同的人對這件事有不同的看法。23．Differentpeople，however，thinkquitedifferentlyonthismatter.然而，不同的人對這件事的看法卻大相徑庭。24．45%ofthestudentsholdtheviewthat...Foronething，...Foranotherthing,60%ofthestudentsarefortheidea....45%的學生認為……。首先，……；另外，60%的學生贊成……25．However，/Astheoldsayinggoes，eachcoinhastwosides.然而/俗話說，每枚硬幣都有兩面性。26．Nearlyhalfofthestudentsthinkthat...Ontheonehand，...Ontheotherhand，...差不多有一半的學生認為……。一方面……；另一方面……。27.Everycoinhastwosides.事物都有兩面性。三.結尾句型

1.Iwillconcludebysaying最后我要說……2.Therefore,wehavethereasontobelievethat因此，我們有理由相信……3.Allthingsconsidered,總而言之=Inaword=InconclusionItmaybesafelysaidthat它可以有把握地說……4.Therefore,inmyopinion,因此，在我看來，

5.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat…通過以上討論，我們可以得出結論……6.Thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat….通過數據我們得到的結論是，……7.Itcanbeconcludedfromthediscussionthat從中我們可以得出這樣的結論

8.Frommypointofview,itwouldbebetterif在我看來，如果……也許更好

9.Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthat…把所有這些因素加以考慮,我們自然會得出結論……10.Hence/Therefore,we'dbettercometotheconclusionthat…因此，我們最好得出這樣的結論……11.Allinall,wecannotlivewithout…Butatthesametimewemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.總之,我們沒有…是無法生活的.但同時,我們必須尋求新的解決辦法來對付可能出現的新問題。12.Allinall,Ifirmlybelieve/holdtheideathat…總之，我堅信……13.Isincerelybelievethat…我真誠地相信……14.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaycometotheconclusionthat…根據上面所探討的，我們可以得出這個結論……15.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…我無法完全同意這一觀點……16.Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…就個人而言，我站在……的一邊。17.Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo…thantodo.在我個人看來，做……比做……更明智。18.Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling…這是如何處理……的一些建議。19.Thebestwaytosolvethetroublesis…解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是……20.Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.人們已找出許多辦法來解決這個問題。21.Therefore,Iamfullyconvincedthat...因此，我深信……22．Inmyopinion，it'saverysoundinvestment.依我看，這是十分穩(wěn)妥的投資。23．So/AsfarasI'mconcerned，youcandowhatyoulike.就我而言，你想干什么就可以干什么。24．Inmyview，itwasnotcheating.依我看，這不是欺騙。四.舉例句型

1.Hereisonemoreexample這里有不止一個的例子2.Take…forexample.就拿……為例子五.常用于引言段的句型

1.Somepeoplethinkthat…有些人認為……2.Ibelievethetitlestatementisvalidbecause….我認為這個論點是正確的，因為……3.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat….我無法完全同意……這一觀點的說法……4.Alongwiththedevelopmentof…,moreandmore….隨著……的發(fā)展，越來越多……5Itiscommonly/generally/widely/believed/held/accepted/recognizedthat….它通常是認為……6.AsfarasIamconcerned,Icompletelyagreewiththeformer/thelatter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者的觀點。

7.Tobefrank,Icannotagreewiththeiropinionforthereasonsbelow.坦率地說，我不能同意他們的意見，理由如下。

六表示比較和對比的常用句型和表達法

1.AiscompletelydifferentfromB.(A和B完全不同)2ThedifferencebetweenAandBisliesin+名詞或者動名詞（A和B不同的地方是……）.七演繹法常用的句型

1.Thereareseveralreasonsfor…,butingeneral,theycomedowntothreemajorones.有幾個原因……，但一般，他們可以歸結為三個主要的。

2.Manywayscancontributetosolvingthisproblem,butthefollowingonesmaybemosteffective.有很多方法可以解決這個問題，但下面的可能是最有效的。（可以用在保護環(huán)境等話題的作文）4.Generally,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollows.一般來說，這些優(yōu)勢可以列舉如下。5.Thereasonsareasfollows.……的理由如下（可以用來列舉理由原因）八因果推理法常用句型

1.Because/Sincewereadthebook,wehavelearnedalot.由于閱讀這本書，我們已經學到了很多。

2.Ifwereadthebook,wewouldlearnalot.由于閱讀這本書，我們已經學到了很多。3.Wereadthebook;asaresult/therefore/thus/hence/consequently/forthisreason/becauseofthis,we’velearnedalot.由于閱讀這本書，我們已經學到了很多。

4.Asaresultof/Becauseof/Dueto/Owingtoreadingthebook,we’velearnedalot.由于閱讀這本書，我們已經學到了很多。Part3：高考模擬高考模擬01假設你是李華，舉行了一次班會，班會的主題是：太空探險的意義。請結合下表內容，用英語給校報寫一篇文章，客觀地介紹班會上同學們討論的情況并表達你自己的觀點。贊同的理由反對的理由你自己的觀點1.獲得新知識；2.從太空取得新資源；3.擴大人類未來的生存空間。1.耗資巨大；2.宇航員的安全問題?！⒁猓?.詞數100左右；2．開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。OuterSpaceExplorations，YESorNO?Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherday.【佳作欣賞】OuterSpaceExplorations，YESorNO?Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherday.Differentstudentshavedifferentattitudestowardsit.Someofusthinkitimportanttoresearchtheouterspacebecause，firstofall，peoplecangetabetterunderstandingoftheouterspacethroughtheirexploration.Second，newresourcescanbefoundthereforhumanbeing.Third，thisexplorationcanpossiblybringaboutnewlivingspaceforhumanlifeinthenearfuture.However，othersarestronglyagainstit.Theybelievethatittakessomuchmoneytodothiskindofexploration，whichisnotworththevalue.Besides，itisverydangerousforastronautstodosuchworkintheouterspace.Inmyopinion，peopleshouldbepioneering，andthereforesuchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthtryingout.高考模擬02假設你是主持人，請你根據以下表格的信息，為以“Shouldwegivemoneytobeggars？”為題的班會寫一個總結。一些人另一些人孤寡老人不能自食其力而乞討；有些學生因家境貧苦而輟學去乞討；有些殘疾人只能以乞討為生。這么做會助長懶惰。大部分都是假裝的，乞討只是他們賺錢的一條捷徑；結論：應該盡力幫助弱勢群體，但給錢時一定要慎重。注意：1.詞數100左右；2．文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。參考詞匯：弱勢群體inferiorgroupWehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Wehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.Somebelievethatweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsbecausesomeofthemareoldpeople，whocan’tliveontheirown.Amongthemarealsosomestudentswhohavedroppedoutofschoolbecausetheirfamiliesaresopoor.Andwecanalsoseesomedisabledpeople，whocanhardlymakealivingduetophysicalormentalinability.Ontheotherhand，manymorestudentsthinkweshouldn’tgivethemmoneybecausemostofthebeggarsbegnotbecausetheyarepoorbutbecausetheywanttomakemoneymoreeasily.Theyarenotrealbeggars.Besides，togivemoneywouldencouragethemtobelazyeveniftheyhavetheabilitytowork.Ingeneral，weshouldhelppeopleoftheinferiorgroup.Butweshouldremainsensiblewhengivingmoney.二、議論文(2)——利弊對比型這種題型往往要求先說明一下現狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度(利或弊)出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度(或對事物前景提出預測)。Part1：寫作模板Nowadays，thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)(討論議題)．Infact，therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin(討論議題)．Generallyspeaking，itiswidelybelievedthatthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly，(優(yōu)點一)．Andsecondly，(優(yōu)點二)．Justasapopularsayinggoes，“Everycoinhastwosides”，(討論議題)isnoexception，andinotherwords，itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith，(缺點一)．Inaddition，(缺點二)．Tosumup，weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof(討論議題)intofullplay，andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase，wewilldefinitelymakebetteruseofthe(討論議題)．【說明】文章結構1．說明事物現狀；2．事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(或一方面)；3．你對現狀(或前景)的看法。Part2：高考真題2021年6月全國乙卷你校將舉辦英語演講比賽，請你以Besmartonlinelearner寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽,內容包括：分析優(yōu)勢及不足；提出學習建議。注意：詞數100詞左右；題目和首句以為你寫好。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】BesmartonlinelearnersJustliketheoldsayinggoes,"eachcoinhastwosides."Ontheonehand,providinganeasyaccesstoplentyofexcellentlearningsources,onlinelearningisreallyahelpinghand.Ontheotherhand,whatwelearnonlineisn'tnecessarilywhatweneed,nottomentionitsconstantdamagetooureyes.Forme,onlinelearningis,afterall,justatool.It'snotthenewmethoditselfbutthepersonwhouseitthatreallymatters.Tobecomeasmartonlinelearner,notonlyshouldwecarefullychoosefromcountlessalternativeswemayface,butextraattentionneedstobeattachedwhenwetakelessonsonline.What'smore,onconditionthatwecouldapplywhatwelearnonlinetoourdailylife,onlinelearningwouldbemoremeaningful.Thanks,everyone.Hopeweallcouldbesmartonlinelearners.【解析】本篇書面表達是演講稿，一種常見的應用文，與去年英語作文比賽稍有差別。英語書面表達近幾年來穩(wěn)中求變，在測試考生的英語表達能力，看其是否能夠運用學過的英語知識和掌握的技能，進行思想交流的同時，注重文體變化，突出實用性，更考查學生能否利用所學語言知識、文化知識等，根據不同目的和受眾，通過書面形式創(chuàng)新語篇?！军c睛】范文內容完整，要點全面，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數適當，上下文意思連貫。復合邏輯關系。作者在范文中使用了較多的高端句式，如非謂語動詞：providinganeasyaccesstoplentyofexcellentlearningsources,onlinelearningisreallyahelpinghand.；名詞性從句：whatwelearnonlineisn'tnecessarilywhatweneed,nottomentionitsconstantdamagetooureyes.倒裝：Tobecomeasmartonlinelearner,notonlyshouldwecarefullychoosefromcountlessalternativeswemayface,butextraattentionneedstobeattachedwhenwetakelessonsonline.；狀語從句：onconditionthatwecouldapplywhatwelearnonlinetoourdailylife,onlinelearningwouldbemoremeaningful.等。文章思路清晰，層次分明，上下句轉換自然。為文章增色添彩。Part3：高考模擬高考模擬01面對中學生“出國熱”，社會對此有不同的看法。請你以“StudyingAbroad”為題，根據下表所提供的信息，談談自己的看法。AdvantagesDisadvantages1.傳播各民族間的不同文化；2.拓寬視野，學習國外先進的科學技術；3.良好的語言環(huán)境，更利于語言的學習。1.年紀小，缺乏生活經驗，自立能力差；2.情感孤獨，思鄉(xiāng)；3.學習生活費用高。注意：1.詞數100左右；2．開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。參考詞匯：媒介，中間人mediatorStudyingAbroadInrecentyears，studyingabroadhasbeenpopular.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【佳作欣賞】StudyingAbroadInrecentyears，studyingabroadhasbeenpopular.TensofthousandsofChinesestudentshavegonetoforeigncountriestostudy.Manypeoplearetryingtheirbesttoapplytogoabroad.Therearemanyadvantagesinattendingschoolsabroad.First，studentswhohavestudiedabroadcanactasmediatorsbetweenpeopleofdifferentcultures.Second，wecanlearnmanymoreadvancedknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyfromforeigncountries.Third，wecanlearnmanyforeignlanguagesmorequickly.However，therearesomedisadvantages.Mostofthestudentsaretooyoungtolivealonewithoutanylivingexperience.Besides，beingfarawayfromtheirhomecountry，theymayfeellonelyandhomesick.Also，ofcourse，thecostsaremuchhighertherethanthatathome.Inspiteofthis，advantagesaremorethandisadvantages.Inmyopinion，itisadvisabletoattendschoolsabroad.高考模擬02隨著互聯網的發(fā)展和普及，網絡購物在中國也變得越來越普遍了，甚至已經成了我們日常生活中的一部分；相信你們身邊一定有不少同學已經通過網絡進行購物了，比如淘寶網，京東商城等。但是網絡購物究竟有何利弊呢？請寫一篇短文，談談網上購物的好處與壞處。注意：詞數100左右。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】WetalkedabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofInternetshoppingthesedays.Somestudentsthinkit’sveryconvenientforustogoshoppingontheInternet.TheshopsontheInternetforexample，areopenforalmost24hoursadaysowecanbuysomethingwewantatanytimeifwelike.What’smore，weneedn’twaitinaqueue.However，somestudentsdisagreedwiththem.Wecan’tseethethingswhileweareshopping，sowearenotsurewhethertheyaregoodornot.Besides，wecan’tenjoythehappinessofshoppingwithourfriends.三、議論文(3)——解決問題型Part1：寫作模板Currently，thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)(討論議題)．Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult，wemustsparenoefforttotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Asweknow，therearemanystepswhichcanbetakentosolvethisproblem.Firstofall，(途徑一)．Inaddition，anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofsolvingtheproblemis(途徑二)．Aboveall，tosolvetheproblemof(討論議題)，weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned，Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway，thatistosay，(自己的方法)．Part2：必背詞句一、段落框架第一段：引出現象，并指出這種現象的后果常用句型：Recentlytheriseinproblemof/phenomenonof...hascaused/aroused/capturedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus/hasbeenbroughtintopublicattention.Nowadays，thereisagrowingconcernabouttheproblem/phenomenonthat...Nowadays，anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealize/beawareoftheimportanceof...Nowadays，moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheproblemof...Obviously,ifwedon'tcontroltheproblem,thechancesarethat…willleadusindanger.很明顯,如果我們不能控制這一問題,很有可能我們會陷入危險。2.Nodoubt,unlesswetakeeffectivemeasures,itisverylikelythat…毫無疑問,除非我們采取有效措施,很可能會……3.Itmustberealizedthat…我們必須意識到……第二段：提出解決的辦法常用句型：Weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething，(解決方法一)．Foranother，(解決方法二)．Finally，(解決方法三)．Itisessentialthatproperaction/effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoreversethissituation/stopthetrend.Itishoped/suggestedthatconsiderable/greateffortsshouldbemadeto...Thereisnoeasy/immediatesolution/approachtotheissueof...but...mightbebeneficial/helpful.Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).該是我們停止這一趨勢的時候了。Itistimetotaketheadviceof…andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof…是該采取......的建議和特別強調......的發(fā)展的時候了。Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof…毫無疑問,對……問題應予以足夠的重視。Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.毫無疑問,跳槽有優(yōu)點也有缺點。Obviously,ifwewanttodosomething…,itisessentialthat…顯然,如果我們想做某事,很重要的是…...Onlyinthiswaycanwe…只有這樣，我們才能……Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation.很緊迫的是,應立即采取措施阻止這一事態(tài)的發(fā)展。Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling…這是如何處理......的一些建議。Thebestwaytosolvethetroublesis…解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是……Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.人們已找出許多辦法來解決這個問題。第三段：總結這樣做的好處常用句型：Onlyinthiswaycanwe...【常用詞塊】1．表達支持的：

Someareinfavourof...Somesupport...Themajorityofthemthink...Manyofthemarefor...Therearemanyadvantagesof......playanimportantpartin......beofvitalsignificance......benefitalotfrom...2．表達反對的：

Othersareagainst...Someholdthedifferentviewthat...Therearealsosomedisadvantagesof...3．承接詞匯：firstly；secondly；besides；inaddition；what'smore；furthermore；inaword；inshort；evenworse...4．引出另一方的轉折詞匯：however；ontheotherhand；while；onthecontrary；whereas...5．表明作者的看法及理由：Inmyopinion/Inmyview/Personally，Ithink...Takingeverythingintoconsideration，weshouldmakegooduseof...Onlyinthiswaycanwedo...議論文寫作常用的過渡詞及句型：常用過渡詞表列舉：first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),last(ly);inthefirst/second/thirdplace;aboveall;firstofall表舉例：forexample,forinstance,suchas,acaseinpoint表補充：besides,inaddition,moreover,what’smore,furthermore表轉折讓步：but,however,nevertheless,yet,inspiteof,despite,though,although,eventhough,evenif表對比：ontheonehand,…ontheotherhand;Foronething,…foranother…表原因：because,as,since,becauseof,nowthat,thanksto,dueto,owingto,asaresultof表結果：therefore,thus,asaresult,so(that),consequently表結論：inaword,inbrief,ingeneral,inshort,inconclusion,onthewhole,tosumup,allinall表解釋：Thatis(tosay),namely,inotherwords

Part3：高考真題【2018·江蘇卷】請閱讀下面文字，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章?！緦懽鲀热荨?.用約30個詞概括上述利用排名（ratings）進行消費的現象；2.談談你如何看待消費排名，然后用2-3個理由或論據支撐你的看法?！緦懽饕蟆?.寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句；2.作文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱；3.不必寫標題?！驹u分標準】內容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數適當。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________