【課件】語法復習：虛擬語氣課件

虛擬語氣PART.01虛擬語氣是什么？英語的三大語氣1.陳述語氣：用來陳述一個事實，或提出一種看法，有肯定、否定、疑問、感嘆等形式。Iamatrustworthyman.2.祈使語氣：用來表示請求、邀請、命令、警告或勸告等（動詞常用原形）Giveme5Yuannow.3.虛擬語氣：表示說話人所說的不是事實，而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。IwishIwererich.IfIhavetime,Iwillgowiththem.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgowiththem.比較真實條件句虛擬條件句真實的語氣（陳述）和虛擬語氣之間的區(qū)別，體現(xiàn)在_________________的形式上。謂語動詞part2If引導的虛擬條件句A后悔藥對過去的虛擬B百日夢對現(xiàn)在的虛擬C妄想癥對將來的虛擬Ifhehadn'tmadethemistake

,he

wouldhavegot

fullmarks.

Ifshehadworkedhard

,shewouldhavegonetoQingHuaUniversity.后悔藥—對過去事實的虛擬—歸納謂語:從句謂語為_________,主語謂語動詞為__________haddonewould/could/should/might+havedoneLongtimeago,afarmersavedasnake.Butlater,thefarmerwasbittenbythesnakeanddied.TheFarmerAndTheSnake農夫與蛇Whatwouldhavehappenedifthefarmerhadn’tseenthesnake?

Ifthefarmer___________(notsee)thesnake,he_________________

(notput)itunderhiscoat.

Ifhe__________

(notput)itunderhiscoat,thesnake___________________

(notbite)him.Ifthesnake____________

(notbite)him,he__________________(notdie).hadn’tseenwouldn’thaveputhadn’tputwouldn’thavebittenhadn’tbittenwouldn’thavedied.與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣：白日藥—對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬—歸納謂語:從句謂語為_________,主語謂語動詞為__________did(be-were)would/could/should/might+doIfIwereheadmaster,Iwouldmake

yourholidaylonger.IfI

hadonebillion,Iwouldgive

youonemillion.如果我是一名億萬富翁，我會建一座圖書館。如果我有足夠的錢，我為每一位學生提供免費的三餐。如果我是超人，我會保衛(wèi)世界和平。

IfI______abillionaire,I_____buildalibrary.IfI_____enoughmoney,I___________(supply)freemealstothestudents.IfI______asuperman,I______keepthewholeworldpeace.werewouldhad

wouldsupplywerewouldIfyoumarriedweretomarryshouldmarrymetomorrow,Iwouldget

themoonforyou.r.妄想癥—對將來事實的虛擬—歸納謂語:從句謂語為:主語謂語動詞為:1.did(be-were)2.weretodo3.shoulddowould/could/should/might+doIftheGod_____________________________(give)meanotherchance，I____________(tell)thegirlthreewords,“Iloveyou.”IfI______(haveto)setatimelimittoourlove,it___________(be)10,000years!shouldgive/weretogive/gave

wouldtellhadto

wouldbe

如果上天能夠給我一個再來一次的機會，我會對那個女孩子說三個字：我愛你。如果非要在這份愛上加上一個期限，我希望是--一萬年!

虛擬條件從句(If)主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設與過去事實相反的假設與將來事實相反的假設主語+did/were主語+should/would/could/might+do主語+haddone主語+should/would/could/might+havedone主語+should/would/could/might+do主語+1.did2.shoulddo3.weretodoPractice:Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_______

time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehad B.hadhadC.haveD.hadIfwe______theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetakenThisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might1.IfIhadhurried,I

thetrain.A.wouldcatch

B.couldcatch

C.wouldhavecaught

D.hadcaughtc2.Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,you

allrightnow.A.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeenc3.IfI

you,Iwouldn’treturnthecall.A.be

B.am

C.was

D.wereD4.

（如果你早到十分鐘），youcouldhaveseenthemoff.

5._____（如果我會說法語），IcouldtalktotheFrenchfriends.6.

（如果他同意去的話），wewouldsendhimthere.

Ifyou

hadarrivedtenminutesearlier,IfIknewFrenchIfheshouldagreetogothere1.虛擬條件句中，從句be動詞只有wereIfIwereyou,Iwouldtrymybesttograspthechance.易錯點2.錯綜時間條件句→看各自的時態(tài)IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.易錯點3.當虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were,should,had時，if可省略，而將were,should,had等詞置于句首。1）Wereshehere,shewouldagreewithus.2）Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.3）Hadhelearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.易錯點4.含蓄條件句，常用with,without,butfor

,or,otherwise代替if條件狀語從句：

易錯點Iftherewerenowater,fishcouldnotlive.=Without

water,fishcouldnotlive.Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,Iwouldnothavesucceed.=Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceed.

1.

,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyou

B.IwereyouC.WereIyou

D.IhadbeenyouC2.Withoutair,there_________(be)nolivingthingsnow.B.wouldbeA.willbeC.hasbeenD.hadbeenB3.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy_______.A.wouldhavebeensavedB.hadbeensavedC.willbesavedD.wassavedA虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用1.wish

后接的賓語從句表示動作所發(fā)生的時間謂語動詞的虛擬形式動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前haddone動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生did(be動詞用were)動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后would/could/might+doIwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.3.Hewisheshecouldbecomeascientistsomeday.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey_______alwayslate.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeenwouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等之后的賓語從句常表示與客觀事實不相符的一種愿望，故使用虛擬語氣。在不同情況下，其虛擬語氣的結構為：表示現(xiàn)在或將來的愿望：did

表示過去的愿望：haddone2.wouldrather句型Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe______moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused3.表示要求,命令,建議等動詞后的賓語從句

在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動詞后面的從句中，謂語動詞“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。口訣?。。。?！一堅持(insist)二命令(order，command)三建議(suggest,propose,advise)四要求(require，request，demand,ask)。Mymomsuggeststhatwe________eatoutforachangethisweekend.A.shouldB.mightC.couldD.wouldEyedoctorsrecommendthatachild’sfirsteyeexam________attheageofsixmonthsold.A.wasB.beC.wereD.is虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用1.It’s+adj./n.+that從句在該結構中，若形容詞為necessary/strange/natural/essential/important/apity/ashame/nowonder等時，that引導的從句要用虛擬語氣,即(should)+動詞原形。Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatheshouldspeaktohisfatherlikethat.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.Itisapitythatweshouldnotmeetlastnight—Don’tyouthinkitisnecessarythathe_______toMiamibuttoNewYork?—Iagree,buttheproblemis________hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的運用1.asif/though+方式狀語從句表示動作所發(fā)生的時間謂語動詞的虛擬形式動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前had+過去分詞動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生did(be動詞用were)動作發(fā)生在主句動作之后would/could/should/might+

動詞原形

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Theybegantotalkwarmlyasiftheyhadknowneachotherforlong.Hecoughedtwiceasifsomeoneshouldcome.Don’thandlethevaseasifit_______madeofsteel.A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeenJackwasn’tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathim_________hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though

Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit________yesterday.A.washappeningB.happens C.hashappenedD.hadhappened虛擬語氣在定語從句中的運用1.It’s(about/high)time+that…英語中，表示“早該做某事了”時，后接的that引導的定語從句中的謂語動詞須用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結構為：Itis(high/about)time(that)+主語+動詞的過去式/should+動詞原形。It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe_______somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A.willdo B.hasdoneC.do D.did其他類型的虛擬語氣1.由Ifonly引導的感嘆句中,“要是……就好了”與wish的虛擬語氣結構一樣要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。Ifonlyourparents

couldlivewith

us!要是我沒錯過火車就好了！IfonlyI

hadn’tmissed

thetrain!2.含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifithadnotbeenfor的虛擬條件句。要不是你的幫助，我們就不可能提前完成任務。Ifithadnotbeenfor

.yourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime3.情態(tài)動詞+havedonecouldhavedone

本來可以做

mighthavedone

本來可能做wouldhavedone

本來會去做should/oughttohavedone

本來應該做