第04輯一輪閱讀 專題08 閱讀理解文章大意專練15篇（滿分攻略+高考真題+名校模擬）-2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）學(xué)生版

試卷第=page22頁，共=sectionpages3535頁2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）第04輯一輪閱讀專題08閱讀理解文章大意題專練15篇（攻略+真題+模擬）原卷版【文章大意題滿分攻略】一、記敘文主旨大意題1.看首段和尾段，以尾段為主2.借助主題詞或關(guān)鍵詞歸納二、說明文和議論文主旨大意題1.看首段和每段段首句，以首段為主2.借助主題詞或關(guān)鍵詞歸納三、文章大意題錯誤選項(xiàng)典型錯誤一是“以偏概全”：選項(xiàng)范圍太窄，只表達(dá)局部信息或某一細(xì)節(jié)，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意；二是“概括寬泛”：所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容；三是“無中生有”：即文章中根本未提到或者不是指定段落的大意。四、文章大意五種題型題型一：利用主題句在段首位置推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：說明文和議論文學(xué)會關(guān)注“首段”和“段首”。借鑒“七選五”小標(biāo)題類型特點(diǎn)，段首句統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段主旨大意，由此推斷段落大意。題型二：利用主題句在段中位置推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時主題句出現(xiàn)在段中某句，這就需要考生耐心閱讀揣摩段落各句之間內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，確定主題句位置，進(jìn)而明確段落主旨大意。題型三：利用主題句在段尾位置推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時主題句出現(xiàn)在段尾，關(guān)注一些表征總結(jié)性，結(jié)論性的詞:in

brief/short,all

in

all,in

conclusion,

inaword等，這些詞后面連接的通常是主題句。題型四：利用段落沒有主題句推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時候段落沒有出現(xiàn)主題句，需要考生自己總結(jié)提煉，難度更大。題型五：利用“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu)推敲語篇主旨大意題技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時候段落沒有出現(xiàn)主題句，需要考生自己總結(jié)提煉，難度更大。五、文章大意題思維導(dǎo)圖【文章大意題高考真題】【2024新課標(biāo)II卷第31題】Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it’safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit’seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there’snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.28.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A.Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood. B.Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C.Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance. D.Itreliesonfarmer’smarkets.29.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A.Real-timeweatherchanges. B.Currentconditionoftheplants.C.Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil. D.Availabilityofpre-seededpods.30.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B.Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.DTheyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.BMF’smajorstrengths. B.BMF’sgeneralmanagement.C.BMF’sglobalinfluence. D.BMF’stechnicalstandards.【2020新課標(biāo)II卷第27題】Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrentheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(認(rèn)知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents’income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirabilitytorotate(旋轉(zhuǎn))andtranslateshapes,”Levinesaidinastatement.Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythanparentsofgirls.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.24.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?A.Buildingconfidence. B.Developingspatialskills.C.Learningself-control. D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.25.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?A.Parents’age. B.Children’simagination.C.Parents’education. D.Child-parentrelationship.26.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Amathematicalmethod. B.Ascientificstudy.C.Awomanpsychologist. D.Ateachingprogram.【文章大意題名校模擬】【文章大意題專練01】（24-25高三上·江蘇南通·開學(xué)考試）Students’social-emotionalskillsarepositivelycorrelatedwiththeirreadingandmathperformance,accordingtoastudybyBranchingMinds,aned-techcompany.Itfoundthat60-70percentofstudentswhowereidentifiedasneedingadditionalsocial-emotionalsupportwerealsoidentifiedasneedingadditionalacademicsupport.Tounderstandthelinksbetweensocial-emotionallearning(SEL)andacademicoutcomes,thestudyanalyzedstudentscreeningassessmentsforsocial-emotionalskillsandreadingandmathperformanceofnearly4,000K-8studentsinthe2021-22schoolyear.Thestudy’sfindingsareinlinewithpreviousresearchthatshowssocial-emotionallearninghasapositiveimpactonstudents’academicachievement,butthere’sstillagapinunderstandinghowthosepiecesofdataaboutacademicandsocial-emotionalstrengthsshouldbeintegratedandusedtogethertocreateinterventionplansforstudents.Thestudyalsofoundthatsocial-emotionalskillsmayactas“aprotectivefactor”forsomestudentsperformingbelowacademicstandards,meaningthatstudents’social-emotionalstrengthscouldbeusedtoboosttheiracademicachievement,saidEssieSutton,thedirectoroflearningscienceatBranchingMinds.Therefore,“itwouldbebeneficialforeducatorstothinkaboutmorecombinedsupportplansforstrugglingstudents,”sheadded.Forexample,ifastudentisstrugglingwithreading,butheisverysocial,“howcanwebuildthatintoasupportplan,andperhapsmakethesetargetedorindividualizedreadingsupportgroupsmoresocialandplaytothatstrengththattheyhave?”Perhapsthestudentcouldtakeontheroleofteacherandexplainsomethingtotheirpeersinordertohelpthempracticereadingcomprehension,aswellassocialskills,Suttonsaid.Inthestudy,itisrecommendedthatresultsfromacademic,social-emotional,andbehavioralscreenersshouldbeusedwhendevelopinginterventionplansforstudents.“It’sreallyimportanttolookatstudents’strengthsandneedscomprehensively,”Suttonsaid.Todothat,districtandschoolleadersshouldensurethattheiracademic,behavioral,andsocial-emotionalsupportteamsworktogetherandthatallstakeholders-students,parents,andteachers-arepartoftheprocessofcreatinginterventionplans.1.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Byinterviewingstudents. B.Bycarryingoutexperiments.C.Byconductingdataanalysis. D.Byreferringtothepreviousdata.2.Whyistheexamplementionedinparagraph5?A.Toattachgreatimportancetosocialskills.B.Tonarrowthegapofthepreviousresearch.C.Toexplainsocialskillscanprotecteveryone.D.Toadvocatetheintegratedsupportstrategies.3.Whatmatterswhendesigninginterventionstrategiesaccordingtothepassage?A.Cooperation. B.Assessment. C.Flexibility. D.Individuality.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theprospectofapplyingsocialemotionalskills.B.TheeffectsSELskillshaveonacademicperformance.C.Themethodstodevelopstudents’SELskillstothefull.D.Theusefulinterventionplansforacademicperformance.【文章大意題專練02】（23-24高三下·安徽蚌埠·期中）Assomeonewhooftenmansthe24-hourhotline,I’maccustomedtoearlymorningcallsreportingvariousmarinemammalstrandings(擱淺).Evenstill,IdoubtwhetherIcouldhavefullypreparedforthiscall.August9at8:01amwasthefirsttimemyjawphysicallydroppedwhenmanningthehotline.Theharbormasterreported30strandeddolphinsinoneofthetrickiestareasofWellfleet.Iimmediatelysentallworkerswehadandsentoutthecallforanyadditionalhelpwecouldgather.OurteamgatheredatourRescueOperationsCenter,grabbingallthespecializedequipmentwepossiblycould.Ourtrainedvolunteerrespondersarrivedonthesceneshortlyaftertheinitialreporttogivemeupdatedinformation—45dolphinsintotal,43ofwhichwerealive.Withastrandingthislarge,itwasn’tfeasibletopullall43animalsfromthemud,getthemtoourmobileveterinaryclinic,andtransportthemforreleaseatamorefavorableopen-oceanlocationallbeforethetidecamein.Thedaywasgettinghotter,andtheanimalswerealreadysufferingfrombothheatandsunexposure.Upongettingonthescene,therewasnotimetoreacttothesheerchaosthatlayahead.Afteraquickscanofthesituation—45animalswidelydistributed,onlyafewstaffmembersandseveralvolunteers—therewasn’tasecondmoretowait.Webeganthehardprocessofgettingasmanyanimalsaswecouldintospecialslings(吊帶),ontothecart,andoffthemarshasquicklyaspossible.Thiswasnotwithoutitsownchallenges.Themudtrappedandenvelopedourfeet,addingweightwitheachstep,mostanimalswerehighlyfractious(易怒的)whenapproached,andtheheatbecameunbearableindrysuits.Butnoneofthatwasgoingtostopusfromdoingallwecouldfortheseanimals.1.HowdidtheauthorreacttothecallonthemorningofAugust9?A.Hethoughtitwasajoke. B.Hewasshockedtothebone.C.Hedidn’ttakeitseriously. D.Hewasatalosswhattodo.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inparagraph2mean?A.Efficient. B.Practical. C.Urgent. D.Remarkable.3.Whatmadeachallengetotheauthor’steam?A.Thetidewascominginveryquickly.B.Itwashardtofindanopen-oceanlocation.C.Thevolunteersfailedtocontacteachother.D.Therewasdeepmudaroundtowalkthrough.4.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Arescueeffort. B.Avolunteerprogram.C.Afestiveactivity. D.Acharityorganization.【文章大意題專練03】（2024·陜西榆林·一模）WhenIwasaboy,therewasbutonepermanentambitionamongmycomradesinourvillageonthewestbankofMississippiRiver.Thatwas,tobeasteamboatman.Wehadtemporaryambitionsofothersorts,buttheywereonlytemporary.Myfatherwasajusticeofthepeace,andIsupposedhepossessedthepoweroflifeanddeathoverallmenandcouldhanganybodythatoffendedhim.Thiswasdistinctionenoughformeasageneralthing;butthedesiretobeasteamboatmankeptintruding(闖入),nevertheless.Oneofourboysintown,whowentawayandwasnotheardofforalongtime,turnedupasanapprenticeengineeronasteamboat.ThisthingshookthebottomoutofallmySunday-schoolteachings.Thatboywasnotoriouslyworldly,andIwasjusttheopposite.Therewasnothinggenerousaboutthisfellowinhisgreatness.Hewouldalwaysmanagetohavearustynailtoscrubwhilehisboatstoppedatourtown,andhewouldsitontheinsideguardandscrubit,wherewecouldallseehim.Andwhereverhisboatwaslaiduphewouldcomehomeandshowoffinthetowninhisblackestandgreasiestclothes,sothatnobodycouldhelprememberingthathewasasteamboatman;andheusedallsortsofsteamboattechnicaltermsinhistalk,asifheweresousedtothemthatheforgotcommonpeoplecouldnotunderstandthem.Thiscreature’scareercouldproducebutoneresult,anditwasspeedilyfollowed.Boyafterboymanagedtogetontheriver.Despitemanychoices,pilotwasthegrandestpositionofall.Thepilot,eveninthosedaysoftrivialwages,hadaprincelysalary—from150-250dollarsamonth,andnoboardpayment.Butourparentswouldnotletusandourworrywasthatthenextyearwouldfindushuntingforjobswithlowpayagain.SobyandbyIranaway.IsaidIneverwouldcomehomeagaintillIwasapilotandcouldcomeinglory.1.Whydoesthewritermentionhisfather’sjobinParagraph2?A.Toshowthathisfatherwasinpower. B.Toshowthathisfatheriscruel.C.Toemphasizethejobheprefers. D.Toemphasizehisloveforhisfather.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestconcludethewriter’sattitudetowardtheboy?A.Hethoughttheboywasmaterialbutpitiful.B.Hethoughttheboywasannoyingbutstillenviedhim.C.Hethoughttheboywasshallowbutknowledgeable.D.Hethoughttheboywasgoodbutstilldislikedhim.3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theboytalkedinawaytomakeothersfeeljealous.B.Theboy’sexperiencemadeotherboyslikehim.C.Thepilot’ssalarywasrelativelyhighbutwithoutmealscovered.D.Theboymadehischildhooddreamcometrue.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Parents’interferencewithchildren’scareer. B.Theboy’spassionforhisidealjob.C.Theboy’ssharpjealousyofhisbrother. D.Lowpaymentofsteamboatman.【文章大意題專練04】（2024·陜西安康·模擬預(yù)測）InthesceniccoastalcityofCornwall,LizziLarbalestierhasbecomeabeaconofhopeformarine(海洋的)wildlife.AsacommittedvolunteerforBritishDiversMarineLifeRescue(BDMLR),herjourneybeganwithtransformingherAirbnb,anonlineplatformthatallowspeopletorentouttheirhomesoraccommodationstotravelers,intoatemporaryhavenforinjuredseals.Thiseffortcameastheresultoftheincreasingincidentsofmarineanimalssufferingfromhuman-relatedinjuriesandthelackofspecializedcarefacilitiesintheregion.Recognizingtheurgentneedforamorepermanentsolution,Lizzi,alongsideherhusbandandateamofcommittedvolunteers,establishedafullyequippedsealhospital.Thisfacility,nowinitsthirdyearofoperation,hasexpandeditscapacitytotenpensandispreparedtorecoveraround100sealsannually.Thehospitalcaterstoavarietyofcases:sealsinjuredbyboatsorcaughtinfishinggear(用具),youngpupsseparatedfromtheirmothers,andyoungsealsweakenedbypoornutrition.Eachanimalreceivespersonalizedcare,rangingfrombasicfirstaidtoextensiverecoveryprograms.Afterinitialtreatment,sealsareoftenmovedtolargerrecoverycentersforfurthercarebeforetheirreleasebackintothewild.Lizzi’scommitmenttomarineconservationextendsbeyondsealrescue.SheisanactiveparticipantinenvironmentalcampaignslikeSurfersAgainstSewageandGhostnetbuster.HertirelesseffortswererecognizedwhenshereceivedtheAnimalActionAwardfromtheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfare.LizziowesthesuccessofBDMLR’soperationstothecollectiveeffortofallvolunteers,emphasizingtheimportanceofteamworkinachievingtheirconservationgoals.TheBDMLRteamalsorespondstoemergenciesinvolvingothermarinewildlife,likewhalesanddolphins.Lizzirecallsseveralsuccessfuloperations,includingtherescueofstranded(擱淺的)dolphinsandaturtlethatrequiredspecializedcare.Lizzi’sstoryisnotjustaboutrescuingmarineanimals;it’saproofofthepowerofcommunityinvolvementandtheimpactofindividualsonenvironmentalconservation.1.WhatinspiredLizzitoprotectthemarinewildlife?A.Oneofhertripstotheseaside. B.IncreasingprofitsfromherAirbnb.C.Herloveforthemarinecreatures. D.Moreandmoreinjuredmarineanimals.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthesealhospitalfromParagraph2?A.Ithasbeeninoperationforfiveyears.B.Itprovidesaseparatespaceforeachseal.C.Itisthelargestrecoverycenterinthearea.D.Itofferstemporaryhelptoinjuredanimals.3.WhatmessagedoesBDMLR’ssuccessconveyaccordingtoLizzi?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Everycloudhasasilverlining. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aprofessionalguidetosealrescue.B.Challengesofmarinewildliferecovery.C.ThejourneyofamarineliferescuerinCornwall.D.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesonmarineecosystems.【文章大意題專練05】（2024·湖北武漢·模擬預(yù)測）Whenheflaggedmedown,Ithoughthewasaneldercollectinga“customsfee”,thefewdollarsitcoststousevillageroadsthatleadtomanyofSamoa’ssights.He’dbeensittinglazilyinagreyingroadsideshack(棚子)builtforsuchoccasions.NormallyIwouldn’tpickupafreerider.ButItriedtoliveoutadream.I’dwantedtogotoPulemeleiMoundsinceI’dhearditmentionedinanarchaeologyclassyearsago.The“mound”isactuallyapyramid40feethighandroughly200feetacrossatitsbase.So,Iasked,“DoyouknowhowtogettoPulemeleiMound?”“Mmm,”hesaid,raisinghiseyebrowsintheclassicPolynesiangesturefor“yes”.“Ineedtopickupmycaratthemechanicbutnohurry,I’lltakeyoutherefirstifyouwant.”You’dthinkthatagiantpyramidwouldbeamajorsight,oratleastsomethingmanypeoplehadheardof,butitisn’t.Myaccidentalfriend’sraiseoftheeyebrowswasthemostpromisingprospectI’dhadinaweek.Wedrovealongtheroadinsilenceforafewminutes.Thenmynewfriendbrokethesilenceand,meanwhile,myhopes.“I’veneverbeentoPulemelei,”hesaid.“I’velivedherebutIneverthoughtofgoing.”Myheartsank.Butwepressedon,crossingastream,walkingthroughwaist-highgrass,andthenanothermileofhotwalkuntilwefoundasign.There,barelyvisible,werethewords:“PulemeleiMound150m”.Thesignmarkedadarktunnelofjungle.Thenthepathopenedtoraysofsunshine.Weclimbed.Andthen,magic.WewerestandingontopofaPolynesianpyramid.Justthen,myfriend,obviouslyawedbywhathesaw,turnedtowardme,andplacedhisbigSamoanhandsonmyshoulders.Inthemostnaturalway,hebentdownandkissedmegentlyonthecheek.“Thankyou,”hesaid.1.What’sthepurposeoftheSamoanmanflaggingmedown?A.Tothumbaride. B.Toaskfordirections.C.Tocollectacustomsfee. D.Towarnofaroadaccident.2.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Informedbutrigid. B.Hesitantbutagreeable.C.Skepticalandreserved. D.Curiousandadventurous.3.WhydidtheSamoanmanthanktheauthorintheend?A.Hehadlivedouthisdream. B.Hewastakentothemechanic.C.Heenjoyedtheauthor’scompany. D.Heexperiencedthethrillofdiscovery.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.APolynesianvillage. B.AfamousSamoansight.C.Achanceencounter. D.Anelderprotectinglocalroads.【文章大意題專練06】（2024·四川·模擬預(yù)測）Childrencomewithincreasedworry,anxietyandalsomakeforaseeminglyendlessstateofexhaustionfortheirparents.However,theyalsobringjoyandlovetoaparent’slife.Mostparentswantnothingmorethanfortheirchildrentosucceedandbehappy,includingwhenthosechildrenareintheirearly70s.SamKaplanisnowacollegegraduate,havingobtainedanundergraduatedegreeincinemaandmediaartsfromGeorgiaGwinnettCollege.Samisalso72yearsoldandthefirstofhissevensiblingstoearnadegree.WhenSamwalkedacrossthestagetoaccepthisdegree,hehadsomeonespecialinattendancetocheerhimon:his99-year-oldmother.Beforetheceremony,Samtoldtheschoolthathismotherwouldnotmissitfortheworld,waslookingforwardtoitandwasbeamingwithprideoverherson’saccomplishment.Sam’sjourneytoacollegedegreecameafterearninghishighschooldiplomain1969.Afterbecomingahighschoolgraduate,henevergavehighereducationmuchconsideration.Instead,Samenteredtheworkforce.Hehashadseveraljobs.He’sbeenataxidriverandworkedincustomerserviceforawholesaledistributorofelectronics.Samevenranatelemarketingandacleaningcompany.Samisalsoawriter,beingtheauthoroftwobooks.ItwasSam’swritingambitionsthatultimatelyledhimtobecomeacollegegraduate.“Iwasridingdownthehighwayandheardontheradiotheywereofferingthisdegree,”Samsaid.ThenextexitwasCollinsville,soIexitedoffandfiveminuteslater,Iwasregisteringforclass.”Samalsoaddedthathehopedtoturnhisbooksintoscreenplaysafterhereceivedhisdegree.We’resureSam’smotherwasabsolutelyoverthemoontoseeherchildobtainacollegedegreeafteralltheseyears.Congratulations,Sam!1.Whatdoweknowaboutmostparentsfromparagraph1?A.Theyexpectlovefromtheirchildren. B.Theyaresatisfiedwiththeirchildren.C.Theyprefertolivewiththeirchildren. D.Theyhopetheirchildrenliveabrilliantlife.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beaming”meaninparagraph3?A.Smiling. B.Sympathizing. C.Regreting. D.Suspecting.3.WhatinspiredSamtobecomeacollegestudent?A.Hismother’sencouragement. B.Histoughworkingexperiences.C.Hispreferenceofstudyingatschool. D.Hispursuitofthewritingcareer.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.A99-year-oldmom’sdreamcametrue. B.99-year-oldmomcheerson72-year-oldson.C.A72-year-oldmangetsinspirationfromwriting. D.Acollegehostsaceremonyforan72-year-oldman.【文章大意題專練07】（2024·江蘇南通·一模）Usingabrain-trainingapphelpspeopleeatlessjunkfoodandloseweight,newresearchsuggests.TheFoodTrainer(FoodTapp)trainspeopletotaponimagesofhealthyfoodsbuttostopwhentheyseeunhealthysnacks,creatinganassociationbetweenthesefoodsandstopping.Thenewstudy,bytheuniversitiesofExeterandHelsinki,foundthatplayingthegameaboutonceadayforamonthledtoanaverageone-pointreductionofjunkfoodconsumptiononaneight-pointscale(thescalerangesfromfourormoreitemsperday,tooneorzeroitemspermonth).Abouthalfofthestudy’s1,234participantsfollowedtherecommendationandplayedthegameatleast10times.Acrossallparticipants,anaverageweightlossofhalfakilogramandasmallincreaseinhealthyfoodeatenwasseen.“Forexample,someonewhoateeachjunkfoodfourtimesaweekreducedthistotwiceaweekafterusingtheappregularlyforamonth,andthentoonceaweek.Overall,thefindingsarereallyencouraging”saidProfessorNataliaLawrence.“Theappisfreeanditonlytakesaboutfourminutesperday.Soit’ssomethingpeoplerealisticallycando.”“There’ssomeevidencethatthebenefitswerestrongerforpeoplewhoweremoreoverweight.Wewouldexpecttoseethis,becausetheapptargetsmechanismsthatleadpeopletobecomeoverweight,suchasthestrongurgestoapproachandconsumeinvitingjunkfoods.”CO-researcherDrMatthiasAulbachadded.“Ifyou’retryingtoteachthebrainsomethingnew,it’sagoodideatospaceoutthelearningovermultiplesessions,”saidDrAulbach.Itmaybehelpfultodothetrainingindifferentcontexts—notjustathomebutatworkandelsewhere,sotheassociationsyoulearndon’tjustrelatetoonelocation.Theresearchersstressthattheirfindingsshouldbeinterpretedfullyandthatfurtherstudyisneeded,becausetherewasnocontrolgroupandotherfactorscouldplayapartintheresults,suchasthepossibilitythatpeoplewhodidmoretrainingwerealsoseparatelymoremotivatedtoloseweight.1.HowdoesFoodThelpuserseatlessjunkfoodandloseweight?A.Byhavingnegativereactionstojunkfood.B.Bymakinghealthy-eatingplansforthem.C.Byturningtheirattentiontovideogames.D.Byrecommendinghealthyfoodstothem.2.WhatcanbeknownaboutFoodT?A.Itisaccessibleonlimitedoccasions.B.Itspeciallytargetsunhealthypeople.C.Itfollowsagradualweight-lossmode.D.Itencouragespeopletotakemoreexercise.3.Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardtheirfindings?A.Concerned. B.Critical. C.Confident. D.Cautious.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anappsettinganewtrendinexercising.B.Anapporiginatingfromamobilegame.C.Anappassistingpeopleineatingless.D.Anapphelpingpeoplereduceweight.【文章大意題專練08】（2024·浙江嘉興·一模）“Arewealoneintheuniverse?That’sthekeyquestionwe’retryingtoanswerhere,”MeenakshiWadhwa,aplanetaryscientist,tellsherclass.Assheexplains,onestudenttakesnoteswhileanotherholdsupaniPhonetotakeaphotooftheslides.InmanywaysthislecturehallatArizonaStateUniversityislikeanyother.Agroupofenthusiasticwomensitattentivelyinthefrontrow;themenarespreadoutintheback.Butthehearingaidssuggesthowunusualthisclassis.Mirabella,a20-storey“universityretirementcommunity”onASU’scampus,ishometoover300retiredpeople.Whenitwasopenedin2020,thesenior-livingfacilitywasnearlyfullysubscribed.Mostresidentsarehavingaball.Theycanattendthesameclassesandculturaleventsasstudents,butwiththedistinctbenefitofnothavingtotakeexams.Intheirdorms,facilitiesincludeanartstudio,apoolandgym,andagamesroom.Onlythesecondfloorfeelsinstitutional,withamemory-carecentreandroomsforresidentswhoneedround-the-clockattention.Thisispartofawidertrend.Anestimated85collegesinAmericaarenowconnectedtoseniorlivingcommunities.Withmorethan10,000babyboomers(生育高峰期出生的人)inAmericaturning65everyday,theopportunityforalternativeformsofretirementislarge.Comparedwithpreviousgenerations,boomersarewealthy,educatedandpicky.Theywanttoremainactiveandnotlockedaway.Thesewishescanallbemetonauniversitycampus.Foruniversities,welcomingpensioners(領(lǐng)退休金者)canmakesensetoo.Nationally,undergraduateenrolmentdroppedfromover18min2010tobelow16min2022.Asforwhattodowiththeextraspace,thesmartestones,AndrewCarleatGeorgetownUniversitysays,provideacontinuumofcare—includingfortheverylaststageoflife.“Thecharityistheicingonthecake,”hesaysofthepotentialthatresidentswillincludeuniversitiesintheirwills.1.Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopic?A.Byraisingaquestion. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byofferinganexplanation. D.Bygivingadescription.2.Whyareuniversityretirementcommunitieswell-received?A.Theyprovidefreemedicalcar B.Theyhavevariousresearchfacilities.C.Theyallows