第04輯一輪閱讀 專題01 閱讀理解難點(diǎn)分類突破（段落大意題+文章大意題+態(tài)度推斷題）（學(xué)生版） 2025屆新高三英語(yǔ)提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）

2025屆新高三英語(yǔ)提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）第04輯一輪閱讀專題01閱讀理解難點(diǎn)分類突破（段落大意題+文章大意題+態(tài)度推斷題）原卷版目錄段落大意題1+3篇P1【名師點(diǎn)津】P1【高考真題】P2【名校模擬】P3文章大意題1+3篇P6【名師點(diǎn)津】P6【高考真題】P7【名校模擬】P8態(tài)度推斷題1+3篇P11【名師點(diǎn)津】P11【高考真題】P11【名校模擬】P12段落大意題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】一、段落大意題干擾項(xiàng)特征1.過于籠統(tǒng)，不知所云。所概括的內(nèi)容超出原文的范圍。2.以偏概全，主次不分。以文章中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容或個(gè)別詞語(yǔ)做出選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。3.移花接木，偷換概念。選項(xiàng)中定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)影響語(yǔ)意范圍，或者把屬于A的內(nèi)容放在B上。4.主觀臆測(cè)，無(wú)中生有。選項(xiàng)中關(guān)鍵詞也在文中提及，但選項(xiàng)的實(shí)際含義與文章主題無(wú)關(guān)。二、段落大意題兩大抓手1.尋找段落主題句解答段落大意題的關(guān)鍵是抓住段落的主題句。一般而言，每個(gè)段落總有一個(gè)中心，通常中心思想會(huì)在首句或尾句體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，這就是常說(shuō)的段落主題句?？傮w來(lái)說(shuō)，采用歸納法的段落，細(xì)節(jié)表述在前，歸納概括在后，主題句在段尾；采用演繹法的段落，先提出觀點(diǎn)，后舉例子，由一般到特殊，主題句出現(xiàn)在段首，這種現(xiàn)象較多出現(xiàn)在說(shuō)明文和議論文中；若作者采用“特殊→一般→特殊”的方式，主題句可能出現(xiàn)在段落的中間。有時(shí)，作者沒有寫出明顯的主題句，考生要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)段落的內(nèi)容概括出主題句。2.確定段落關(guān)鍵詞段落中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞匯一般就是段落關(guān)鍵詞，往往需要出現(xiàn)在正確選項(xiàng)中。三、段落大意題思維導(dǎo)圖【高考真題】(2024新課標(biāo)I卷第26題)“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine–combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”24.WhatdosomeofFarber’scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict. C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude.25.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment.B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians’work.C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.27.WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber’spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.【名校模擬】（23-24高三下·陜西渭南·開學(xué)考試）Beforetheyearhasevencometoaclose,climateexpertsarecertainthat2023willbethehottestyearinrecordedhistory.OnDec.6,theCopernicusClimateChangeService(C3S)—partoftheEuropeanUnion’sspaceprogram—revealedthatthisyear’saverageglobaltemperatureshavebeen2.6F(1.46C)higherthantemperaturesinpreindustrialtimesand0.2F(0.13C)higherthanJanuarytoNovemberin2016.These“extraordinary”temperaturesmeanthat2023willbe“thewarmestyearinrecordedhistory,”C3SdeputydirectorSamanthaBurgesssaidinastatement.Theresearchersnotethatthisyear’srecordheatwaspartlycausedbythelatestElNinoevent—aphenomenonwherewarmerwaterneartheequatortriggerswarmerglobalairtemperatures—thatbeganinJune.SomeotherexpertshavesuggestedthattheJanuary2022eruptionofTonga’sunderwatervolcano,whichpumpedrecordlevelsofwatervaporintotheatmosphere,mayalsobepartlyresponsible.Despitethesefactors,themajorcauseofclimbingtemperaturesisglobalwarmingcausedbyrunawaygreenhousegasemissions,which,notedinaC3Sstatement,havetrappedmorethan25billionatomicbombs’worthofenergyinouratmosphereoverthelast50years.Andstillworse,theglobalcarbonemissionshavereachedanewhighthisyear,accordingtoscientistsattheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceoftheParties(COP28)OnDec4.Theeffectsofglobalwarmingarebecomingmoreobvious.In2023,researchrevealedthatclimatechangeiscausingmajorUScitiestosinkandmorethanhalfoftheworld’slargestlakesandreservoirstoshrink.StudiesalsopredictedthattheGulfStream,whichplaysavitalroleinoceancirculation,couldcollapsebyasearlyas2025,andthatrisingsealevelscouldswamptheUScoastlineby2050.However,scientistssaythatwestillhavetimetopreventfurtherdisaster.LeadingclimatechangeexpertMichaelMann,fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania,recentlywrotethat“wecanstillstoptheworsteffectsofclimatechange”ifwestopemittinggreenhousegasesassoonaspossible.1.Whichisthemainfactorincausingthewarmestweatherin2023?A.Eruptionofanunderwatervolcano. B.Greenhousegasemissions.C.CollapseoftheGulfStream. D.ThelatestElNinoevent.2.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Scientists’predictionsofthetechnology. B.ThethreatofrisingsealevelstotheU.S.C.Theeffectsofclimatechange. D.Differentopinionsonglobalwarming.3.HowdoesMichaelMannfeelaboutthepresentsituation?A.Confused. B.Worried. C.Pessimistic. D.Hopeful.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emitting”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Release. B.Prevent. C.Reduce. D.Seek.（2024·安徽合肥·三模）InaneighborhoodintheeastofParis,ifyouwalkoutofyourfrontdoor,youcanarriveatakindergarteninoneminuteandabookstoreinthreeminutes.Abakery?It’sacrossthestreet.Actually,allkeythingsindailylife—work,food,schoolsandentertainment—arewithina15-minutewalk.Thisneighborhoodwasbuiltinthiswaymorethan150yearsagoandthisoldideaofhavingallimportantthingsclosebyhasnowevolvedintoanurbanplanningmodelthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheworld.“A15-minutecitynotonlyimprovesqualityoflife,butcanalsoreducegreenhousegases.Transportationaccountsforabout20%ofglobalenergy-relatedCO?pollution,withcarsmakingupalmost10%,”saysCarlosMoreno,aprofessoratUniversityofParis,whohasbeenhelpingthecityputthisideatouse.“Parisshouldintegratethe15-minutecityaspartofabroaderstrategytogetclosertonetzerogoals.”Besidesreducinggreenhousegases,therearelotsof“co-benefits”forpeoplewholivein15-minutecities.Facilitiesthatprioritizewalkingandbikingmeanlessnoisefromcarsandmoresafetyforthepeople,Lessairpollutionfromcarsanddailyroutineswithmorewalkingandbikingpromotehealth.Redesigningcitieswherehomesaremixedinwithbusinessescandrivemore.foottraffictothosebusinesses.Butonechallengetobuilding15-minutecitiesacrossFranceisfinancial.Manybanksarestillunwillingtoprovideloansformixed-usedevelopments,becausetheyarestillarelativelyuncommonwaytobuildcommunities.Otherbarriershavetodowithparkinginamoreheavilypopulatedarea.Thebiggestobstacleinvolvespublicschools.Whencoupleshavekids,theyoftenleavecitiesforsuburbs,whichtheythinkhavebetterschools.“Ifwewantregionalsustainability,wehavetolooktotheseurbanplaces,”Makarewiczsays.“Butifwewanttosuccessfullyintroducea15-minutecityapproachtoanarea,weshouldfocusonthewaypeoplewanttolive.”5.Whatisafeatureoftheso-called15-minutecity?A.Betterschoolsarebuiltinthesuburbs. B.Peoplearerequiredtowalkorridebikes.C.Allimportantdailythingsarecloseby. D.Greenhousegasesarereducedtonetzero.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thedifficultiesofredesigning. B.Thebenefitsofa15-minutecity.C.Theharmsoflivinginbigcities. D.Thecoststobuild15-minutecities.7.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“obstacle”underlinedinparagraph5?A.Failure. B.Plan. C.Change. D.Problem.8.WhatisthekeytoputtingCarlosMoreno’ideaintousesuccessfully?A.Urbanresidents’acceptance. B.Theavailableurbanspace.C.People'swillingnesstolendmoney. D.Thegovernmentalsupport.（2024·山西太原·二模）Oneofthemostpopulartherapists(治療師)inUniversityofRochester(UR)smellslikechips,peesoutside,anddoesn’tmindeatingbabycarrotsofftheground.Sasha,afive-year-oldgoldendog,runsherpracticeoutofasecond-flourofficeintheInterfaithChapelthatsheshareswithherowner-Dr.DeniseYarbrough.Duringtheirofficehours,whichrunfrom11a.m.to5p.m,onMondaysandFridays,themessypuppyislikelytogreetyouwithtailwags,happy“woof”,andevenhertwofrontpawslifting.It’sthispatentedcharmthatallowsSashatomeettheneedsofacrowdofstudentswhodropintoseeUR’sfirstandmostaccessibletherapydoginresidence.ButthepathtoherpuppyPh.Dstillcalledforthreeroundsoftraining.Firstwasatwo-weekresidentialcampontheessentials—sit,stay,come,heel,ete.Therehernaturalfondnessfor“peoplepleasing”revealeditselfonherveryfirstday!Thattrainingwasfollowedbytheeight-weekCanineGoodCitizenprogram,whereshelearnedhowtostaycalmincrowds,toresistreactingtootherdogs,andtobecomfortablewithYarbroughleavingherside.Afive-weektherapydogspecificcoursewasthelaststepinherjourney.Thereshestudiedapproachingpeoplewithmobilityaidslikewheelchairs,toleratingloudnoises,andtheimportanceofthe“l(fā)eaveit!”command,amongotherthings.Sashapassedthetherapydogexamsatninemonthsoldbutcouldn’tgetcertificateduntilshewasoneyearold.Thepandemicpostponedheron-campusarrival,butYarbroughdideventuallygettobringhertowork,andstudentsconsequentlyfellinlove,“Ihavethisconstantstreamofstudents,andobviouslythisismeetinganeed.”Yarbroughsaid.“Thisisthethirdyearwe’redoingthis,andshedoesgetaprettysteadystreamoffriendscominginonthedaysthatshe’shere.”Sincethen,Sasha’sroleinthecommunityhasballooned.9.WhatdoweknowaboutSashafromthefirstparagraph?A.Sheworkssixhourseveryday.B.ShegoestotheofficeasDr.Yarbrough’spet.C.Sheattractsstudentswithimproperbehaviour.D.Sheworksbyactivelyinteractingwithstudents.10.WhatinbornnaturedidSashashowinthetraining?A.Theresistingreaction.B.Abilitytoaidthedisabled.C.Fondnessforpeoplepleasing.D.Obeyingthecommandsprecisely.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThepopularityofSasha.B.TheexpectationofYarbrough.C.ThehardshipofSasha’swork.D.Thefeedbackofthecommunity.12.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthistext?A.Topresentpuppytrainingstrategies.B.Tointroduceaspecialcampustherapist.C.Tolaunchanappealforanimalconservation.D.Tohighlightthesignificanceofpets’company.文章大意題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】一、記敘文主旨大意題1.看首段和尾段，以尾段為主2.借助主題詞或關(guān)鍵詞歸納二、說(shuō)明文和議論文主旨大意題1.看首段和每段段首句，以首段為主2.借助主題詞或關(guān)鍵詞歸納三、文章大意題錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)典型錯(cuò)誤一是“以偏概全”：選項(xiàng)范圍太窄，只表達(dá)局部信息或某一細(xì)節(jié)，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意；二是“概括寬泛”：所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容；三是“無(wú)中生有”：即文章中根本未提到或者不是指定段落的大意。四、文章大意五種題型題型一：利用主題句在段首位置推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：說(shuō)明文和議論文學(xué)會(huì)關(guān)注“首段”和“段首”。借鑒“七選五”小標(biāo)題類型特點(diǎn)，段首句統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段主旨大意，由此推斷段落大意。題型二：利用主題句在段中位置推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時(shí)主題句出現(xiàn)在段中某句，這就需要考生耐心閱讀揣摩段落各句之間內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，確定主題句位置，進(jìn)而明確段落主旨大意。題型三：利用主題句在段尾位置推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時(shí)主題句出現(xiàn)在段尾，關(guān)注一些表征總結(jié)性，結(jié)論性的詞:in

brief/short,all

in

all,in

conclusion,

inaword等，這些詞后面連接的通常是主題句。題型四：利用段落沒有主題句推敲段落大意技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時(shí)候段落沒有出現(xiàn)主題句，需要考生自己總結(jié)提煉，難度更大。題型五：利用“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu)推敲語(yǔ)篇主旨大意題技巧點(diǎn)撥：有時(shí)候段落沒有出現(xiàn)主題句，需要考生自己總結(jié)提煉，難度更大。五、文章大意題思維導(dǎo)圖【高考真題】(2024新課標(biāo)II卷第31題)Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it’safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit’seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there’snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.28.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A.Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood. B.Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C.Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance. D.Itreliesonfarmer’smarkets.29.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A.Real-timeweatherchanges. B.Currentconditionoftheplants.C.Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil. D.Availabilityofpre-seededpods.30.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B.Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.DTheyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.BMF’smajorstrengths. B.BMF’sgeneralmanagement.C.BMF’sglobalinfluence. D.BMF’stechnicalstandards.【名校模擬】（23-24高三上·山西晉城·期末）Whilescientistshavemanyideas,thereisnosingleexplanationforwhyhumansyawn.Still,thereisonethingexpertsknowaboutyawns—theyseemtobeinfectious!Haveyouevercaughtayawnfromsomeoneelse?Mostpeoplehave.Accordingtoonepreviousstudy,apersonissixtimesmorelikelytoyawnafterseeingsomeoneelsedoso.Expertshavedonemanystudiesintowhyyawnsseemtopassfrompersontoperson.Asaresult,expertshaveafewtheoriesforthereasonbehindit.Onepossibleexplanationhastodowithsomethingcalledsocialmirroring.Thisiscausedbymirrorneurons(鏡像神經(jīng)元)inthebrain.Thesecellshelpthebrainnoticeusefulbehaviorofothersandthencopyit.Whenonepersonseesanotherpersonyawning,hismirrorneuronsobservetheactionandinterpretitasbeneficialbehavior.Thatmaycausehimtoyawn,too.Anotherpopulartheoryisthatyawnsareinfectiousthankstosocialrelationships.Humansareundoubtedlysocialcreatures.Theyformfriendships,startfamilies,andlivetogetheringroups.That’swhymanypeoplemirrorothers,suchassmilingwhenanotherpersondoesso.Yawningmaybejustanotherexampleofthis.Infact,researchhasshownthatpeoplearemostlikelytocatchacaseoftheyawnsfromanotherpersonifthetwoshareasocialrelationship.Theanswercouldevenbethatyawnsaren’ttrulyinfectiousatall.Instead,peoplemayyawnwhenthey’etogethersimplybecausethey‘reinthesameenvironment.Expertssaymanythingsmaycauseyawning—includingtemperatureandtime.Possiblecausesmaybeexperiencedbyanyoneinthesamegeneralarea.Whatevertheexplanationis,expertsdoknowthatinfectiousyawnsaren’tlimitedtohumans.OnestudyfoundthatlionsinSouthAfricaalsocaughteachother’syawns.1.Whatkindofbehaviormaybecopiedbythemirrorneurons?A.Unimportantbutattractive. B.Usefulandbeneficial.C.Hardtounderstand. D.Easytocopy.2.Whoseyawnsarepeoplemostlikelytocopyaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Theoneswhoyawnalot. B.Theoneswhoarefriendlytothem.C.Theonescloselyconnectedwiththem. D.Theonessharingthesameinterestwiththem.3.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Sometipsonyawninginpublic. B.Arealexplanationforinfectiousyawning.C.Otherexamplesofanimalsyawningtogether. D.Furtherstudiesofinfectiousyawninginhumans.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whyyawnsareinfectious. B.Whatcausespeopletoyawn.C.Whoyawnsmorethanothers. D.Whetheryawnsareinfectious.（2024·山東菏澤·二模）Severaltimesamonth,youcanfindDoctorDanielNadeauintheRalph’smarketinHuntingtonBeach,California,wearingawhitecoatandhelpingpeoplelearnaboutfood.Henoticesthepre-mademacaroni(通心粉)andcheeseboxesinamother’sshoppingcartandsuggestssheswitchtowholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese.Nadeausayssugarandprocessedfoodsarebigcontributorstotherisingdiabetes(糖尿病)ratesamongchildren.“InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood,”Nadeautellsher.“Andonly5percentofourfoodisplant-basedfood.Ithinkweshouldtrytoreversethat.”Thismotheragreestotrymorefruitjuicesforthekidsandtomakerealmacaroniandcheese.Scoreonepointforthedoctor,zerofordiabetes.Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases,butthatdoesnotmeanthatdietaloneisalwaysthesolution,orthateveryillnesscanbenefitsubstantiallyfromdietarychanges.Nevertheless,physicianssaythattheylookatthecollectivedataandaclearpictureemerges:thatthesalt,sugar,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothenation’shighratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.Byprescribing(開處方)nutritionalchangesorlaunchingprogramssuchas“ShopwithyourDoc”,theyaretryingtoprevent,limitorevenreversediseasebychangingwhatpatientseat.Theprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensivetraininginhowtocookit.Theybelieveteachingpeopleaboutwhichfoodsarehealthyandhowtopreparethemcanactuallytransformapatient’slife.Andbeyondthat,itmighttransformthehealthandlivesofthatpatient’sfamily.5.WhydoesDoctorNadeauadvisebuyingwholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese?A.They’reeasytomake. B.They’replant-based.C.They’redelicioustoeat. D.They’reprocessedfood.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverse”inparagraph2mean?A.Tryout. B.Pickup. C.Takein. D.Turnaround.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthepoweroffood?A.Neutral. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agoodcurefordiabetes. B.Anewattemptoncooking.C.Afood-as-medicineprogram. D.Asimpletipondoingshopping.（2024·江西景德鎮(zhèn)·三模）Haveyoueverhadthefeelingthatyoucan’tthinkwhenthereistoomuchnoisearound?Didyoueverthinkafishcouldexperiencethatfeelingtoo?ArecentpaperpublishedinSciencetitled“Soundscape(聲景)oftheAnthropoceneOceans”,combinedover10,000scientificpapers,confirmingthatundersealifeknowsthatexactsamefeeling,moreoftenthannot.Anthropogenic(人為的)oceannoise,alsoknownasunderwaternoisepollution,hascreatedadramaticimpactonmarinelifedueto“human-caused”activitywithinandneighboringouroceans.DisneyPixar’sanimatedfilmFindingNemoeducatedusabouttheocean,andspecificallywithintheordinaryworldofaclownfish.Afactmanymaynotknowisthatclownfishspendthefirstpartoftheirlivesaslarvae,driftingwiththecurrentoftheoceanuntiltheybecomestrongenoughtoswimagainstit.Oncetheyarepowerfulandstrong,theyheadhomeinshelteredcoralreefs.Thereisonlyonedrawback—thefishcan’tphysicallyseethereef,buttheycanhearit.Theonlyproblemis,iftheycan’thearit,willtheyevermakeithome?Ouranthropogenicoceannoise,suchascargoships,shipandboatpropellers,surfing,deepseamining,etc.arecausingdestructionofmarinelife.AccordingtoTime,soundisthesensorysignalthattravelsthefarthestthroughtheocean.Anthropogenicnoisedrownsoutthenaturalsoundscapes,puttingmarinelifeunderimmensestress.Altogether,thisstressthenaffectstheirgeneralhealth,disruptstheirbehavior,physiology,reproductionand,inextremecases,causesdeath.Marinelifecanadapttonoisepollution,however,onlyiftheycanescapeit.Thisonlyrendersfurthercomplicationsofstraying(使偏離)speciesfromtheirtraditionalbreedingregionsorseparatingthemfromtheirfamilies.Now,whatifwetoldyouthereisalreadyasolution?Multipleremedies,ideasanddesignsarecurrentlyintheworksoralreadyexisttoeliminateandreversethedamageofanthropogenicoceannoise.AsTimeexplains,fromwind-poweredshipstonoise-reducingpropellers,floatingwindturbinesand“bubblecurtains”thatmuffleconstructionnoise,thesolutionsarealreadyavailableandinsomecases,cost-effective.Theauthorsofthepaperhopeitwillcatchtheattentionofpolicymakers,whohistoricallyspeaking,haveignoredthematterstilltothisday.Ofallthechallengesoceancreaturesarebattling,luckilysoundpollutionistheeasiestcompromisehumanscanmake.Oncethenoisehasdecreased,marinelifewillbeabletobettermanageeverythingelseitisupagainst.9.Howdoesanthropogenicoceannoiseaffectclownfish?A.Itimprovestheirreproductionrates.B.Itpromotestheirbetterdevelopment.C.Ithindersthemfromfindingtheirhome.D.Itcausesthemtogiveuptheirmigrationintheocean.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renders”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.leadsto B.decideson C.holdsback D.resultsfrom11.Whichofthefollowingsolutionsisalreadyavailableaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Theapplicationofrelevantlaws B.Theuseofnoisecontroltechnology.C.Therestrictionofhumanactivities. D.Theattentionoflocalpolicymakers.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebeautyofmarineecosystems.B.Theurgentneedforoceanconservation.C.Theimpactofclimatechangeonoceannoise.D.Theharmfuleffectsofhuman-generatedoceannoise.態(tài)度推斷題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類試題的解題方法：第一：結(jié)合題干人物和內(nèi)容定位原文出現(xiàn)在哪一（些）段；然后仔細(xì)比對(duì)該句言外之意；第二：加入自己的態(tài)度。要注意區(qū)分試題考查的是作者的態(tài)度還是作者引用別人的態(tài)度；第三：態(tài)度沒有明確提出時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)作者在文章中所運(yùn)用詞匯的褒貶性去判斷作者的態(tài)度，尤其是動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，如wonderfully,successfully,unfortunately,doubtfully等。樂觀支持類詞匯：optimistic樂觀的；positive肯定的；favorable支持的，贊同的；supportive支持的；approving贊成的客觀中立類詞匯：objective客觀的；neutral中立的；cautious謹(jǐn)慎的消極反對(duì)類詞匯：negative否定的；opposite相反的；unfair公正的；doubtful懷疑的；indifferent漠不關(guān)心的；critical批評(píng)的；ironic諷刺的；skeptical質(zhì)疑的；disappointed失望的；disapproving不贊同的；pessimistic悲觀的；dismissive輕蔑的，不屑一顧的【高考真題】(2024全國(guó)甲卷第31題)TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”28.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A.Itrunsacrosscountries. B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C.Itfunctionsasahospital. D.Ittravelsalongariver.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A.Itisheavilypopulated. B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity. D.Itneedsmedicalaid.30.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A.Aboutayear. B.Abouttenmonths.C.Abouttwomonths. D.Abouttwoweeks.31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.【名校模擬】（2025·浙江·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）TheMonaLisaisthefamousLeonardodaVincipaintingofawomanwithamysterioussmile.Thisweek,thewomanpartedherlipstowhisperanancientsecret.ScientistsusingX-raystoexaminethechemicalstructureofasmallpartofthepaintingdiscoveredatechniqueLeonardousedinthework.Anoilpaintusedforitwasaspecial,newchemicalmixture,whichsuggeststhattheItalianartistwasinanexperimentalmoodwhenheworkedonthepaintinginthe16thcentury.“Helovedtoexperiment,andeachofhispaintingsiscompletelydifferenttechnically,”saidVictorGonzalez,achemistwhohasstudiedthechemicalelementofseveralworksbyLeonardoandotherartists.Theresearchersf