MBA研究生英語綜合教程（第二版）課件：Corporate Culture

CorporateCulture

Lead-in

RelatedExpressionscorporateculture

precedentpersonality(character)corevaluescorporateethicsrulesofbehaviorcollectiveprogrammingassumptionvisionmissionstatementcommunicationsmannertraditionsbusinessprinciplesjargonlogos3Lead-inQuestions1.Isthereaconsensusofcorporateculture?Amongthevariousdefinitionsmentionedabove,whichonedoyoufindmostreasonable?2.Inthelastdefinitionmentionedabove(VMVs),whatdoeseachletterstandfor?3.IfyouwereaCEOofaninternationalcorporation,whichwaywouldyousuggesttobuildyourcorporateculture?4.Whatadvantagescanbegainedbybuildingacommonly-recognizedcorporatecultureinanorganization?45

Reading

StartingUpQuestionCorporateculturevariesindifferentorganizations.Beingamanager,whichdoyouthinkisthemostimportantelementforacompany:action,peopleorsystem?6UsefulExpressionscommitmentdelegatedownsidedriveforempowerexpertise

evaluationinfuseinitiativeliveuptorestonrideroughshodover7UsefulExpressionscommitment承諾Thecompany'scommitmenttoprovidingqualityatareasonablepricehasbeenvitaltoitssuccess.這家公司保證供貨質(zhì)優(yōu)價(jià)廉的承諾對(duì)它的成功起了決定性的作用。thegovernment'scommitmenttopublicservices政府對(duì)公共服務(wù)事業(yè)作出的承諾8UsefulExpressionsdelegate委托；權(quán)力下放Somemanagersfinditdifficulttodelegate.有些經(jīng)理認(rèn)為難以做到知人善任。Thejobhadtobedelegated

toanassistant.這工作得交給助手負(fù)責(zé)。9UsefulExpressionsdownside缺點(diǎn)Thedownside

ofthisapproachisalackofclearleadership...這個(gè)辦法的缺點(diǎn)是沒有明確的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。Thereisadownsidetoit:themoresheremembers,themorebittershefeelsaboutwhathashappened.這有個(gè)不利之處:她記起的越多，對(duì)發(fā)生的一切就會(huì)覺得越痛苦。10UsefulExpressionsdrivefor旨在，力求Theauministrationstagedavigorousdrivefor

thenewaidbill.政府為這項(xiàng)新的援外法案大力進(jìn)行宣傳。Hemislaidhisprinciplesinthedriveforsuccess.他為了成功而拋棄了原則。11UsefulExpressionsempower授予權(quán)力Thearmyisnowempoweredtooperateonashoot-to-killbasis...軍隊(duì)得到授權(quán),在行動(dòng)中可以開槍射殺。Hispositiondoesnotempowerhimtociteourviewswithoutconsultation.他的地位并沒有給予他不經(jīng)許可就引用我們觀點(diǎn)的權(quán)力。12UsefulExpressionsexpertise專門技術(shù)，專門知識(shí)Expertiseinthisfieldisverythinlyspreadacrossthecountry.該領(lǐng)域的專門技術(shù)在該國沒有怎么得到推廣。

Ahighdegreeofexpertiseisrequiredforthisstageofthemanufacturingprocess.制造流程的這一階段需要高水平的專業(yè)知識(shí)。13UsefulExpressionsevaluation評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)We'vestillgottocarryoutanevaluationoftheresults.我們?nèi)孕鑼?duì)結(jié)果作出估算。Thenewschemeisstillunderevaluation.

新方案還在評(píng)估階段。14UsefulExpressionsinfuse灌輸Manyofthegirlsseemedtobeinfusedwithexcitementonseeingthesnow...看到雪,許多女孩似乎一下子變得興奮起來。Aunionwouldinfuseunnecessaryconflictintothecompany'semployeerelations.工會(huì)會(huì)把不必要的沖突帶入公司員工關(guān)系當(dāng)中。UsefulExpressionsinitiative首創(chuàng)精神Foreignbankersandeconomistscautiouslywelcomedtheminister'sinitiative.外國銀行家和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)部長(zhǎng)的倡議反應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎。Theprojectwassetupontheinitiativeofalocallandowner.工程是由當(dāng)?shù)匾幻恋厮姓甙l(fā)起的。UsefulExpressionsliveupto不辜負(fù)，達(dá)到Oneoughttoliveuptowhatheknowstoberight.自己認(rèn)為是對(duì)的，就應(yīng)該在生活中去實(shí)踐。

Ajournalistshouldalwaysliveuptotheidealsoftruth,decency,andjustice.記者必須始終踐行真實(shí)、正直、正義的理想。UsefulExpressionsreston依靠Hisargumentdoesnotrestonreasoningoronexperiment,butonauthority.他的論點(diǎn)不是依靠推理或者實(shí)驗(yàn)，而是靠權(quán)威。Ourpolicyshouldrestonthebasisofself-reliance.我們的方針要放在自力更生的基點(diǎn)上。UsefulExpressionsrideroughshodover欺凌Tomseemstorideroughshodoverthefriends.湯姆對(duì)待自己的朋友好像總是盛氣凌人。Theywillcertainlynotallowtheaggressorstorideroughshodoverthemforlong.他們一定不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期讓侵略者騎在頭上作威作福的。Answerthefollowingquestions

briefly.1.Therearethreekindsofcorporateculturementionedinthetext,whatarethey?Generally,thecultureofanyfirmcanbedescribedasprincipallyaction-orientated,peopleorientated,orsystem-orientated.202.Whatisthedisadvantageofaction-orientatedcorporateculture?Itcanbe“one-sided”,overlookingtheneedtohandleroutinematters,andtakingforgrantedthatpeoplearealldrivenbyasenseofchallengewhichcanresultinthestrongandquickridingroughshodoverthemoreconsideredandthoughtful.21Answerthefollowingquestions

briefly.3.Whatisthemainfeatureofpeople-orientatedculture?Ittrainspeopletobereadytotakeresponsibilityandtheninveststhemwithit.22Answerthefollowingquestions

briefly.4.Whydoestheauthorsaythatpeople-orientatedculturesarenotwarmandcuddly?Peopleareexpectedtoperform.Iftheyfailtoliveuptoexpectationsafterpropertraininginvestment,appropriatestepsaretaken.23Answerthefollowingquestions

briefly.5.

Whatisthecorevalueofasuccessfulsystem-orientatedculture?Theessenceofasuccessfulsystem-orientatedcultureisitsabilityandwillingnesstoconstantlyquestionitssystems.24Answerthefollowingquestions

briefly.Completethefollowingsentencesbychoosingwordsandexpressionsfromthetext.

25Successfulpeople-orientatedcultures1.

fromleadershipthattrainspeopletobe

readytotakeresponsibilityandtheninveststhemwithit.Suchfirms2.responsibility

downasfaraspossible.Theyarenotthe“doit,checkit,recheckit,double-checkitandthen

checkitagaintobesure”typesofcultures.They3.

trainedpeopleandtrustthemtobuild

qualityin.Theyaskpeopletomakedecisionsandexpectthemtodoso.Ifthedecisionsprovewrong,theexperienceisusedasthebasisforlearningratherthanfor4.

or5.

.Theyemphasize6.

andmutualsupport,7.

throughtrainingthatfocusesonhow

andwhentodelegateresponsibility,onunderstandingandrecognizingthatpeoplearenotallthe

same,learninghowtogetthebestoutofeveryone.derive

delegate

empowercriticism

commitmentpunishmentreinforced

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

1.為避免誤會(huì)、沖突和偏見，商務(wù)人士必須意識(shí)到不同文化的存在并了解它們，主動(dòng)適應(yīng)商務(wù)環(huán)境，從而在商務(wù)往來中獲取最大的效益。Toavoidmisunderstanding,clashesandbias,businessmanshouldrealizeandunderstandthedifferentcultures,adaptthemselvestofitintothebusinessenvironmentinordertogetthebestachievementinbusiness.262.企業(yè)文化是以企業(yè)管理學(xué)說和企業(yè)精神為核心，激發(fā)企業(yè)員工歸屬感、積極性和創(chuàng)造性的“人本”管理系統(tǒng)。Corporatecultureisa“human-oriented”managementsystemwithcorporatemanagement

philosophyandcorporatespiritasitscoretoinspirethestaff’ssenseofbelonging,initiative

andcreativity.27TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

3.國際間的貿(mào)易往來為來自不同文化和背景的人們創(chuàng)造聯(lián)系的紐帶,這種機(jī)會(huì)既可能富有成效又可能形成障礙。Internationalcommercehascreatedalinkbetweenpeoplefromverydifferentculturesandbackgrounds,whichcanbebothveryproductiveandanimpediment.28TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

4.企業(yè)文化的改變可能需要減少員工流失、影響員工的行為、對(duì)公司作出改善、專注于公司的目標(biāo)和（或）調(diào)整組織、提供更好的客戶服務(wù)，或?qū)崿F(xiàn)特定的公司目標(biāo)和結(jié)果。Corporateculturechangemaybenecessarytoreduceemployeeturnover,influenceemployeebehavior,makeimprovementstothecompany,focusonthecompany’sobjectivesand/orrescaletheorganization,providebettercustomerserviceorachievespecificcompanygoalsandresults.29TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

5.硬漢氣概型文化（tough-guymachoculture）將權(quán)力集中在關(guān)鍵人物身上，但同時(shí)也會(huì)將許多責(zé)任下放到個(gè)人身上，此類公司所強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響當(dāng)下的決策，而不是影響未來的決策。Tough-guymachocultureconcentratespoweraroundkeypersonnel,butitwillalsodevolvealotofresponsibilitytotheindividualandemphasizedecisionsthataffectthepresentratherthanthefuture.30TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

31listening

A.

Matchthefollowingwordswiththeirmeanings.

1.d2.a3.f4.i5.b6.c7.j8.e9.g10.k11.h32B.completethefollowingsentence1.56billion2.1503.2833C.fillintheblanks1.Abetterlife2.majority3.simplicity4.cost-consciousness5.humbleness34D.fillintheblanks1.seminars2.Videos3.brochures4.recruit5.conflicting6.promotion7.nationality3536SpeakingGivingandAskingforAdviceStudentAisaconsultantoncorporateculture.StudentBisanexecutiveofacompanywhoisgoingtoestablishacorporateculturewithinhiscompany.StudentAshouldpreparesomeadvicetogiveyourclient(studentB)aboutbusinessractices.Usethefollowingstructurestohelpyouanswerthequestionsthatyourclientmayask.37

Youshouldalways/never…

Iwouldadviseyouto…

Don’tforget…

Never…

Do…

Always…

Itisimportant…

Itwouldbeagoodideato…

38ExtendedtaskHealthyvs.ToxicCorporateCulturesWorkinpairs.StudentAreadsthefirstfourdescriptionsofcorporateculturestostudentB.StudentBdecideswhichpatternitis.Thenchangetheroles.StudentBreadstheotherfourdescriptionsandstudentAdecides.Afterthat,bothstudentsworkcollaborativelytodecidewhichcorporateculturesarehealthyandwhicharetoxictoacompany.3940

PatternsofCorporateCultures

Progressive-adaptiveculturePurpose-drivenculturec.Community-orientedcultured.People-centredculturee.Authoritarian-hierarchicalculturef.Competing-conflictivecultureg.Dishonest-corruptcultureh.Rigid-traditionalcultureDescriptionsofCorporateCultures

1.Thebigbossalonemakesallthemajordecisionsbehindcloseddoors.Evenwhenthedecisionsareharmfultothecompany,noonedarestochallengetheboss.Thestandardmodeofoperationiscommandandcontrol,withnoregardtothewell-beingofemployeesorthefutureofthecompany.2.Thereisagenuinecaringforeachworkerintheorganization.Everyoneisvaluedandvalidated,regardlessoftheirpositionsinthecompany.Theorganizationcaresforthewholeperson—body,soulandmindintermsofrecognizingworkers’basicneedsforlearningandgrowth,forbelongingandbeingconnected,aswellastheneedformeaningandspirituality.Eachworkerisencouragedtodevelophisorherfullpotentials,personallyandprofessionally.Suchaculturewillcreateaclimateofmutualrespectandgenuinecivility.3.Thereisastrongresistancetoanykindofchange.Theleadershipclingstoout-datedmethodsandtraditions,unwillingtoadapttothechangesinthemarketplace.Theyliveinpastgloryandanychangeposesathreattotheirdeeplyentrenchedvaluesandtheirsenseofsecurity.Workersarediscouragedorevenreprimandedforsuggestinginnovativeideas.Theiraccounting,marketinganddeliverysystemsarenolongercompetitivewiththefast-pacedtechnology-drivenmarketplace.Theirproductsandserviceshavenotrespondedtochangingmarketdemands.Theirmantrais“Wehavealwaysdonethingsthisway”.Asaresult,theworldpassesthembyandeventuallytheyareleftwithanemptyshelloftheformerself.4.Thereisopennesstonewideasandawillingnesstotakeriskandadoptinnovations.Itisaculturethatadjustsquicklytoshiftingmarketconditions.Itdoesnotvaluethecertaintyofremainingthesame;theonlycertaintyitvaluesisthatthecompany5.Thereisalwayssomesortofpowerstrugglegoingon.Leadersareplottingagainsteachotherandstabbingeachotherontheback.Differentunitsandevendifferentindividualswithinaunitareundercutting,backstabbingeachothertogainsomecompetitiveadvantage.Thereisalackoftrustandcooperation.Peopleoftenhideimportantinformationfromeachotherandevensabotageeachother’seffortstoensurethatonlytheywillcomeupontop.6.Thereisastrongemphasisoncollectivityandcooperation.Theleadershipattemptstobuildacommunity,inwhichpeoplerespect,supporteachother,andenjoyworkingtogether.7.Inthisculture,greedisgoodandmoneyisGod.Thereislittleregardforethicsorthelaw.Suchattitudespermeatethewholecompanyfromthetopdowntoindividualworkers.Bribery,cheating,andfraudulentpracticesarewidespread.Creativeaccountingandmisleadingprofitreportsareamatterofroutine.Denial,rationalizationandreputationmanagementenablethemtocarryontheirunethicalandoftenillegalactivitiesuntiltheyarecaughtred-handedorexposedbycorrectingforcesofthemarket.Whenmanagementareblindedbygreedandambition,theirjudgmentbecomesdistortedandtheirdecisionsbecomeseriouslyflawed;asaresult,theyoftencrossthelinewithoutbeingawareofit.8.Theleadershiparticulatesandcrystallizesthepurposeofthecompanyeffectively,sothatthereisacommonpurpose,asharedvisionforalltheworkers.Everyoneknowswhatthecorevaluesandprioritiesare,andeveryoneknowswherethecompanyisgoing.Workersarehighlymotivated,becausetheyarecommittedtothesamesetofcorevalues.Moreimportantly,theoverarchingpurposetendstogobeyondthebottomline.Allgreatcompaniesendurebecausetheyserveahigherpurpose49

CaseStudy

WePaintOurOwnWallsThereareanumberofreasonswhyitisfundamentaltobuildapositiveworkingenvironment.Apositiveworkingenvironmentbuildsemployeerelationsandmakespeoplefeelliketheyareavaluedwithintheworkplace.Itencouragespositiveemployeerelationsandensuresthatemployeesareworkingtotheirfullestpotential.Apositiveworkenvironmentwillalsoguaranteethatyouremployeesconsidertheiremploymentwithyoutobealong-termopportunity.50BackgroundinformationProvidesmeaningandpurposeApositiveworkplaceprovidesmeaningandpurposetoemployees.Inthisrespect,theyareworkinginanenvironmentthatgivesthemasens