2021年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)閱讀題專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)24

2021年12月英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)閱讀題

專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)24：學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算機(jī)

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramoneare

twodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetentcitizens

oftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthis

isquitedifferentfromsayingthatalloughttoknowhowtoprogramone.

Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogrammingasacareer.While

programmingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileoursocietyneedssomepeople

whoareexpertsatit,thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthow

computerswork,justasweexpectthematleasttounderstandthatthe

internal-combustionengine（內(nèi)燃機(jī)）hassomethingtodowithburningfuel,

expandinggasesandpistons（活塞）beingdriven.Forpeopleshouldhave

somebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.Further,

studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthecomputer*simpact

onsociety.Butthatisnotwhatismeantbycomputerliteracy.Forcomputer

literacyisnotaformofliteracy（讀寫(xiě)能力）；itisatradeskillthat

shouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasier

allthetimeasprogramsbecomemore“user-friendly”.Letusassumethat

inthefutureeveryoneisgoingtohavetoknowhowtouseacomputerto

beacompetentcitizen.Whatdoesthephraselearningtouseacomputer

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mean?Itsoundslikeulearningtodriveacar”,thatis,itsoundsas

ifthereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableone

touseacomputer.

Infact,“l(fā)earningtouseacomputer“ismuchmorelikeulearning

toplayagame”,butlearningtherulesofonegamemaynothelpyouplay

asecondgame,whoserulesmaynotbethesame.Thereisnosuchathingas

teachingsomeonehowtouseacomputer.Onecanonlyteachpeopletouse

thisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.

練習(xí)題：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould.

A.trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

B.beawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C.learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D.understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthan

repairingacar

2.Inthesecondparagraph“autorepair"and"violin-making”are

mentionedtoshowthat.

A.programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B.oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

C.violinmakingrequiresasmuchskillascomputerprogramming

D.peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhavetoknow

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computerprogramming

3.Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthetimebecause

A.programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B.programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C.programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

D.programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

4.Accordingtotheauthor,thephrase“l(fā)earningtouseacomputer”

(Lines3,4,Para.3)meanslearning.

A.asetofrulesB.thefundamentalsofcomputerscience

C.specificprogramsD.generalprinciplesofprogramming

5.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageis.

A.tostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B.toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C.toillustratetherequirementsforbeingcompetentcitizensof

tomorrow

D.toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingand

challengingjob

1.EC］推理判斷題。第2段提到未來(lái)有能力的人應(yīng)該從恐懼中解脫出來(lái)，第

3段則提到學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算機(jī)則就像是“學(xué)開(kāi)車(chē)”一樣，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可

知有能力的人只需要通過(guò)掌握技能學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算機(jī)即可，而不必學(xué)習(xí)編程，故C正確。

2.［D］詞義理解題。在第2段中，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般人只需學(xué)會(huì)使用計(jì)算機(jī)，而

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不必學(xué)會(huì)編程，最后指出這與“汽車(chē)修理”和“小提琴制作”一樣，可見(jiàn)作者提

到“汽車(chē)修理”（類(lèi)似一般人使用計(jì)算機(jī)）和“小提琴創(chuàng)作”（數(shù)似于電腦專(zhuān)業(yè)人

員編程）還是為了說(shuō)明上文的觀點(diǎn)，故D正確。

3.[B]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第3段首句提到學(xué)習(xí)使用計(jì)算機(jī)越來(lái)越容易的原因是計(jì)

算機(jī)編程變得更user-friendly,B中的convenienttousers與此相符，故正

確。

4.[C]句意理解題。第4段指出教人學(xué)