2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題講義全程跟蹤專題七動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式

專題七動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式命題規(guī)律：2024年新高考I卷及近五年課標(biāo)卷在語(yǔ)篇型填空中對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法的考查比較全面，各種功能用法均有所涉及，主要考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)的用法。命題趨勢(shì)：1.高考將接著加強(qiáng)對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查，而且對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)的考查仍會(huì)是考查重點(diǎn)。2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)可能會(huì)成為將來高考的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的概述1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式確定句不定式todo,tobedoing,tohavedone,tohavebeendoingtobedone,tohavebeendonev-ing形式doing,havingdonebeingdone,havingbeendone過去分詞done否定句以上形式前加not,如:nottodo,notdoing,nottobedone,nothavingdone復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞名詞全部格、形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)名詞不定式forsb./sth.todo2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式??????動(dòng)名詞????分詞????練習(xí)：寫出句中黑體部分在句中所作的成分1、Beingabletohaveaccesstodigitalpaymentissuchaconvenienceforusinthemodernage.2、Ourparentstellusthattheymisstheagewhentheyswamcatchingfishinthepondoftheirvillage.3、Facedwithmuchtrouble，PresidentXiJinpingismakinggreateffortstoleadustoaharmoniousdream.4、WhenIcamein，thecryingboypretendedtobesleepingonthesofa.5、Withthe5Garecoming，weshouldprepareourselvesfortherapidlydevelopingsociety.6、ThenewGaokaoreformcanmakeeveryteenagerfeelprettyambitiousforanidealfuture.7、Afterbeingovercome，thetroubleseemslikesuchatinystone.8、Embarrassedandshameful，thelittleJapaneseslippedquicklyintothecrowd.9、Tobeadmittedbyakeyuniversity，everyteenagerismanagingtofulfillhistasks.10、MaYunhavingretiredfromAlibaba，manystaffmembersaretryingtoadapttothenewworkatmosphere.答案:1、主語(yǔ)2、伴隨狀語(yǔ)3、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)4、賓語(yǔ)5、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)6、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)7、賓語(yǔ)8、伴隨狀語(yǔ)9、目的狀語(yǔ)10、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)1.下列動(dòng)詞一般用不定式作賓語(yǔ)口訣說明例句決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wishShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.當(dāng)我經(jīng)過時(shí)，她假裝沒望見我。Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.我們約好了在此地見面，但是她到現(xiàn)在還沒有露面。拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝refuse,manage,care,pretend主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選安排offer,promisechoose,plan同意懇求幫一幫agree,ask/beg,help此外，afford,strive,happen(碰巧)，wait,threaten等也要用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。2.下列動(dòng)詞或詞組一般用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)口訣對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞（詞組）例句考慮建議盼寬恕consider，suggest/advise，lookforwardto，excuse/pardonThesquirrelswereluckythattheyjustmissedbeingcaught.松鼠們很幸運(yùn)沒有被抓住。Iwouldappreciateyourcallingbackthisafternoon.我對(duì)你今日下午回電話表示感謝。IcanhardlyimaginePetersailingacrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.我?guī)缀醪荒芟胂蟊说迷谖逄熘畠?nèi)橫渡大西洋。Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview，forhecouldn'trisklosingthegoodopportunity.他為這次工作面試做了充分準(zhǔn)備，因?yàn)樗荒苊笆ミ@次好機(jī)會(huì)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。承認(rèn)推遲沒得想admit，delay/putoff，fancy（想象，設(shè)想）避開錯(cuò)過接著練avoid，miss，keep/keepon，practice否認(rèn)完成就觀賞deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)forbid，imagine，risk不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡can'thelp，mind，allow/permit，escape留意：allow，permit，forbid，advise，consider后需加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但假如后面出名詞或代詞作竇語(yǔ)，則用不定式作賓補(bǔ)。搭配：allow/permit/forbid/advise/consider+doingsth.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))/sb.todosth(不定式作賓補(bǔ))例句：Wedon'tallowsmokinginthehall.我們不準(zhǔn)有人在大廳內(nèi)吸煙。Smokingisforbiddenherebutyouareallowedtosmokeoverthere.這里禁止吸煙，但你可以去那里吸。3.作介詞的賓語(yǔ)無論是一般介詞還是含介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，一般狀況下要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例：Ifyouinsistondoingsomething，doiteveryday.假如你堅(jiān)持做某件事，那就每天做。留意：to既可以作介詞，又可以作不定式符號(hào)，因此要牢記含介詞to的常用短語(yǔ)。to作介詞的短語(yǔ)（to后+doing）：beusedto（習(xí)慣于）beaccustomedto（習(xí)慣于）beopposedto（反對(duì)）objectto（反對(duì)）leadto（導(dǎo)致）bedevotedto（獻(xiàn)身于）comecloseto（差點(diǎn)）stickto（堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)守）getdownto（起先）payattentionto（留意）reducesb./sth.to（使淪落）例：Heisusedtogettingupearly.他習(xí)慣了很早起床。Heartfailurecansometimesleadtobeingkilled.心力衰竭有時(shí)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致死亡。IwassoangrythatIcameclosetohittinghim.我如此生氣以至于差點(diǎn)兒打他。Hewasreducedtobegginginthestreets.他淪落到沿街乞討。4.下列動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可以跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)分。1）remember+todosth.記著要做某事（do后于remember）+doingsth.記得做過某事（do先于remember）例：Remembertolockthedoor.記得鎖門。Irememberlockingthedoor.我記得把門鎖上了。2）forget+todosth.遺忘要做某事（do后于forget）+doingsth.遺忘做過某事（do先于forget）3)regret+tosay/tell/inform...缺憾地說/告知/通知……（say/tell/inform后于regret）+doingsth.懊悔做過某事（do先于regret）4）stop+todosth.停下來做另外一件事+doingsth.停下正在做的事例：Istoppeddiggingandlookedathim.我停止挖，看著他。Hestoppedtolookathim.他停下來看著他。5）try+todosth.盡力做某事+doingsth.試著做某事例：Trydoingmoreexerciseandyouwillloseweight.試著多運(yùn)動(dòng)，你就會(huì)減肥了。Iwilltrytoimprovemyhabit.我將盡力改進(jìn)我的習(xí)慣。6）mean+todosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事+doingsth.意味著做某事例：Raisingsalarymeansincreasingpurchasingpower.漲工資意味著提高購(gòu)買力。Hedidn'tmeantohurtyou.他并沒準(zhǔn)備損害你。7）can’thelp+todosth.不能幫助做某事+doingsth.不由自主做某事例：Shecouldn'thelpburstingintotears.她禁不住突然大哭起來。Thatcan'thelptoimproveyourEnglish.那對(duì)你提高英語(yǔ)水平?jīng)]有幫助。5.有些動(dòng)詞既可以用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但用法不同。1）sb.need(s)/want(s)+todosthsth.need(s)/want(s)+doing/tobedone例：Heneedstoleaveatonce.他須要馬上離開。Thewindowneedscleaning/tobecleaned.這扇窗戶須要擦一下。2)sth.require(s)+doing/tobedone3)deserve+doing/tobedone4)beworthy+tobedone/ofbeingdone5)beworthdoing例：Theplaceisworthvisiting.=Theplaceisworthytobevisited.=Theplaceisworthyofbeingvisited.這個(gè)地方值得參觀。6.動(dòng)詞不定式在連詞but后面時(shí)，假如連詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，那么連詞后的不定式不帶to,否則就要帶to。例：1、Wecoulddonothingbutwait.=Wehadnothingtodobutwait.我們除了等待，什么也做不了。2、Wehadnochoicebuttowait.我們除了等待，別無選擇。練習(xí)：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen(hear),butI'mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.2、Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief(catch).3、Themaninsistedon(find)ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.4、AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek(watch)TV.5、Isn'tittimeyougotdownto(mark)thepapers?6、Oh,mygod,Ididn'tmean(hurt)him!Iamsosorrynow.7、Mynewhouseneeds(decorate),forwewillmarrynextyear.8、Youdeserve(shoulder)suchanannoyingresultbecauseofyourcarelessness.9、Thepoorboycandonothingbut(study)hard.10、Iregret(state)thatyouarealllateforthemeeting.11、Wearedetermined(fulfill)ourdreamthatwewillgotoPekingUniversityforfurtherstudy.12、Wehavetoadmit(make)aseriouserrorbefore,forwearefarbehindatpresent.13、Anycountrycan'tescape(punish)ifitattemptstodestroytheinterestsofothercountries.14、Whenatschool,teachersaresuretoforbidus(go)outtothedowntownalone.15、Don'tmentionitanymore!Asyouknow,wehavealreadybeenaccustomedto(live)intheschooldormitory.16、Now,itnotonlydevotesitselfto(sell)books,butcombinesthefunctionsofthebookstore,caféandthesaleofcreativeculturalproducts.17、Butifyoudofinditdifficult(fall)asleepatnight,thenyoushouldavoidnapsandtrytobuilduphealthysleepinessintheevening.18、Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessandweighingmore,butscientistshavehaddifficulty(determine)"whichcamefirst,thechickenortheegg?"saysJuliefromtheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.19、Itisapartof(become)anindependentman.20、Inmymind,they'rehelpingustobecomecalmandconsider(win)andsolvingrealproblemsaswell.答案：1.tohaveheard2.beingcaught3.finding4.watching5.marking6.tohurt7.tobedecorated/decorating8.shouldering/toshoulder9.study10.tostate11.tofulfill12.havingmade13.beingpunished/punishment14.togo15.living16.selling17.tofall18.determining19.becoming20.winning三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)1.不定式作定語(yǔ)1）當(dāng)名詞被序數(shù)詞或theonly，theright等修飾，且該名詞是作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用不定式主動(dòng)形式作定語(yǔ)。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.她是第一位在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得金牌的女性。Hewastheonlyonetosurvivetheplanecrash.他是這次飛機(jī)失事中唯一的生還者。2）有些名詞的同源動(dòng)詞常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，而這些名詞也常跟不定式作定語(yǔ)，常見的有：wish，decision，refusal，arrangement，intention，agreement，hope，need，plan，promise，failure，attempt，offer，warning等。例句：1、Idon'ttrusthispromisetocomeforavisit.我不信任他來訪的諾言。=Hepromisedtocomeforavisit.2、Hesaidhehadnoplanstogothere.他說他沒有要去那里的安排。=Hedidn'tplantogothere.3、Hemadeanattempttostandup.他試圖站起來。=Heattemptedtostandup.3）有些名詞的同源形容詞常跟不定式作狀語(yǔ)，而這些名詞也常跟不定式作定語(yǔ)，常見的有：ability，anxiety，eagerness，willingness，readiness，patience，obligation，determination等。例句：Hiseagernesstogetbackhomewasquiteobvious.很明顯他急于回家。vsHewaseagertogetbackhome.他急于回家。Agoodteachermusthavetheabilitytomakehimselfunderstood.一個(gè)好老師必需有把自己的學(xué)問講明白的實(shí)力。vsHeisabletomakehimselfunderstood.他有實(shí)力把自己的學(xué)問講明白。4）有些名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)說明其內(nèi)容，它們是：chance，opportunity，reason，way，effort，measure，movement，power，right，skill，strength，struggle，idea等不定式可以換成of+doing。例：Hehasastrangewaytomakehisclasseslivelyandinteresting.Hehasastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.他有一個(gè)驚奇的方法使他的課既生動(dòng)又好玩。5）中心詞是作定語(yǔ)的不定式的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作一般后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或在將來發(fā)生。Hehadnophotographstoremindhimofthepast.他沒有照片來使他回顧過去的事情。（remind后于had）Isthereanybodytocarryonthework？有人要接著這項(xiàng)工作嗎？（tocarryon表示將來）6）havesth.todo與havesth.tobedone的區(qū)分相同處：都有“有…要做”的意思，不定式必需是及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)。區(qū)分：1）havesth.todo句型中，todo的執(zhí)行者是句子的主語(yǔ)。例：Ihavealettertopost，soIcan'tgoswimmingwithyou.我有一封信要寄出，因此我不能和你一起去游泳。Shehasalotofthingstoattendto.她有很多事情要處理。2）havesth.tobedone句型中，tobedone的執(zhí)行者不是主語(yǔ)而是另有其人。例：Ihavealettertobeposted.Canyouhelpme？我有一封信想讓別人替我寄出去，你能幫我一下嗎？“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed？”askedthemaid.女仆問：“您有衣服要洗嗎？”留意：作定語(yǔ)的不定式假如是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面需有相應(yīng)的介詞。例：TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolivein.布朗一家有一幢舒適的房子可以居住。Doyouhaveacuptodrinkwaterwith？你有用來喝水的杯子嗎？但是，不定式所修飾的名詞假如是time，place或way時(shí)，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上省去。例：Hehadnoplacetolive.他沒有地方住。練習(xí)：1、Theymadeadecision(put)offthemeetinguntilnextweek.2、Thereisnoneed(build)adamonthesmallriver.3、Hereagerness(work)willpleasetheboss.4、Iwanttobuyabrushtopaint.答案：1、toput2、tobuild3、towork4、with2.分詞作定語(yǔ)1）及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式作定語(yǔ)形式用法例句v.ing被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，v.-ing形式表示被修飾詞的特征Ihaveneverseenamoremovingmovie.我從未看過更動(dòng)人的電影了。beingdone被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行Thehousesbeingbuiltarefortheteachers.正在建的那些房子是為老師建的。done被修飾的名詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或表狀態(tài)“Thingslostnevercomeagain！”Icouldn'thelptalkingtomyself.我不禁自言自語(yǔ)道：“失去的東西不會(huì)再來！”2）不及物動(dòng)詞分詞形式作定語(yǔ)v.ing表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成例：boilingwater正沸騰的水vsboiledwater白開水fallingleaves正在下落的葉子vsfallenleaves落葉developingcountries發(fā)展中國(guó)家vsdevelopedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家3）英語(yǔ)中有些表示感覺的動(dòng)詞，其現(xiàn)在分詞形式表示“令人……的”，過去分詞形式表示“感到……的”。anexcitingvoice令人興奮的聲音vsanexcitedvoice興奮的聲音apuzzlingexpression令人困惑的表情vsapuzzledexpression困惑的表情3.動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)，用來說明被修飾詞的用途。例：afishingnet漁網(wǎng)（=anetforfishing）aswimmingpool游泳池（=apoolforswimming）4.tobedone,beingdone和done作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)分tobedone表被動(dòng)、將來例：Thequestiontobediscussedattomorrow'smeetingisveryimportant.明天在會(huì)上將要探討的問題特別重要。beingdone表被動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行例：Listen！Thesongbeingsungisverypopularwiththestudents.聽！正唱著的這首歌特別受學(xué)生們的歡迎。done表被動(dòng)、完成例：HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens？你讀過狄更斯寫的這部小說嗎？練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、Therearestillmanyproblems（solve）beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.2、1amfondoftheplan(go)onatriptoHainannextmonth.3、Theflowers(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractvisitorstothebeautyofnature.4、Designateda"CityofDesign"byUNESCOin2008,ShenzhenwasthefirstcityinChina(present)anofficialstrategyaroundcreativedevelopment.5、However,ourdiscussionsaremorethanjustaway(practice)ourdebatingskills.6、Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain(catch)7、It's(amaze)newsthatwewillgoonaresearchcoursenextweekend.8、Thefellow(treat)bydoctorsisexactlymycousin.9、It'snecessarytodrink(boil)watereveryday,butfewpeoplecandrinkup(boil)waterinoneminute10、Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.11、Actually,itisquitenormalfortheaverageperson(live)inacitytoseethousandsofadseverysingleday.12、DuringtheXXIVOlympicWinterGameswhichwillbeheldbyBeijingin2024，therewillbequantitiesofpeople（watch）thesportsevents.13、Thereisanotepinnedtothedoor（say）whenthesupermarketwillopenagain.14、Online，manyofthemarguedthattheshow's（delay）transmissionbroketheirchildren'sconceptofpunctuality，andalsocriticizedthenon-commercialTVshowforsurrenderingtocommercialadvertisements.15.Over2，000delegates（代表）（choose）fromagroupofaround89millionpartymembersacrossthenationwillattendthe20thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina.16.TheXiong'anNewArea，（locate）tothesouthwestofBeijing，coversanareaofabout2，000squarekilometers.答案：1、tobesolved2、togo3、smelling4、topresent5、topractice6、tocatch7、amazing8、beingtreated9、boiled；boiling10、designed11、living12、watching13、saying14、delayed15、chosen16、located四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)1.不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)的區(qū)分1）不定式：表示詳細(xì)的動(dòng)作，尤其是某一次的動(dòng)作。常見表達(dá)：It+be+名詞todosthIttakes/tooksb.+sometimetodosthItbedifficult/easy/importantv/impossible/necessary…+forsb.todosthIt+be+careless/clever/foolish/honest/kind/lazy/silly/stupid/wise...+ofsb.todosth例：Yourtasktodayistowashthecurtains.你今日的任務(wù)是洗窗簾。2）動(dòng)名詞：多指抽象的、概念性的動(dòng)作，可以是多次的、常常性的行為常見表達(dá)：Itis/was+nouse/good+doingsthItis/was+notanyuse/good+doingsthItis/was+oflittleuse/good+doingsthItis/was+worth+doingsth例：Hisfavoritesportisswimming.他最喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)是游泳。Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火會(huì)很危急。4.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)分1）現(xiàn)在分詞表特征，意為“令人……的”例：Thefilmisexciting.這部電影激烈人心。2）過去分詞表心理狀態(tài)，意為“（人）感到……的”例：Hewasexcitedatthenews.聽到這則消息，他激烈不已。5.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作remain的表語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+remaindonedoing/done意為：仍舊是（remain=bestill…）主語(yǔ)+remainbedone意為：仍需被做例：Sheremainedstanding（=wasstillstanding）thoughwerepeatedlyaskedhertositdown.雖然我們?nèi)宕蔚卣?qǐng)她坐下，但她還是站著。Thetrueauthorofthebookremainsunknown（=isstillunknown）這本書真正的作者依舊不詳。Muchremainstobedone.很多事仍需去做。練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、Itisnouse（cry）overspiltmilk.2、Firstofall，（become）awareofwhatcausesyourworrywillhelptoreducethestress.3、Wetakecareofpatientsofallages.Thereisnotypeofinjury，medicalorsurgicalconditionthatwearenot（equip）tocarefor.4、Alifeburdenedwithworkleadsyounowhere，foryouwillgettiredand（bore）withyourdailyroutinework.5、Aswellastheweather，therelaxingatmosphereandnightlifearevery（appeal）.6、___（use）mobilephonesfortoolongtendstomakeuspassiveandignorephysicalexercise，whichwillcauseobesityandpooreyesight.7、Hisnewideawas（make）theshellshapeontheroofintotheshapeofaball.8、Theymayfeel（leave）out.9、Therobotis（equip）withspeakers，microphonesandcameras，whichmakescommunicationeasier.答案：1、crying2、becoming3、equipped4、bored5、appealing6、Using7、tomake8、left9、equipped五、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)1.不定式、分詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本原則不定式、分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必需與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一樣，即不定式、分詞作狀語(yǔ)，必需和句子的主語(yǔ)存在邏輯上的主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)關(guān)系，否則一般不能運(yùn)用不定式、分詞作狀語(yǔ)。2.不定式作狀語(yǔ)1）不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)形式位置例句to+動(dòng)詞原形句首，句中Inorderto/Tomakeastudyofkangaroos，hewenttoAustralia.為了探討袋鼠，他去了澳大利亞。HermotherplanstoflytoBeijingatleastfourtimesayearsoasto/inorderto/tovisither.她母親安排每年至少四次飛到北京去看她。inorderto+動(dòng)詞原形句首，句中soasto+動(dòng)詞原形句中2）不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)形式意思例句to+動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)果……WhathaveIdonetooffendyou？我做什么了結(jié)果把你冒犯了？onlyto+動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)果卻……（表示意外的或事與愿違的結(jié)果）Janehurriedbackonlytofindthathermotherhadleft.簡(jiǎn)匆忙趕回來，結(jié)果卻發(fā)覺她的母親已經(jīng)離開了。so+形容詞或副詞+asto+動(dòng)詞原形如此……以至于I'mnotsostupid（afool）astowriteitdown.我不至于愚蠢到把它寫下來。such+名詞+asto+動(dòng)詞原形如此……以至于Itwassuchaloudnoiseastowakeeveryoneinthehouse.聲音很大，屋里的全部人都被吵醒了?！璭noughto+動(dòng)詞原形足夠……能……Heisoldenoughtojointhearmy.他足夠大，可以參軍了。too...to+動(dòng)詞原形太……而不能……I'mtootiredtostayupanylonger.我太累了，不能再熬夜了。3）不定式作緣由狀語(yǔ)用法：形容詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面可接不定式作緣由狀語(yǔ)，用以說明產(chǎn)生這種心情的緣由。常用詞：happy,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,pleased例：YouwillneverknowhowhappyIwastoseeheryesterday.你恒久不會(huì)知道昨天看到她時(shí)，我是多么興奮。4）不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義用法：在“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（形容詞）+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式有邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且形容詞表示主語(yǔ)的特征或性質(zhì)，這時(shí)，需用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。常用詞：easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous例：Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.這個(gè)問題簡(jiǎn)單回答。Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.這本書很難理解。3.分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其形式的選擇1)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其形式的選擇形式意義v.ing(doing)與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或基本上同時(shí)發(fā)生having+v.ed(havingdone)與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生v.ed(done)與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表完成being+v.ed(beingdone)與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生havingbeen+v.ed(havingbeendone)與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生2）分詞作狀語(yǔ)的句法功能句法功能例句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Whenofferedhelp，oneoftensays"Thankyou"or"It'skindofyou".當(dāng)被供應(yīng)幫助的時(shí)候，人們常說"Thankyou"或"It'skindofyou".緣由狀語(yǔ)Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyanimalsandplantsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.和其他大陸分別了數(shù)百萬(wàn)年，澳大利亞有很多在世界上任何別的國(guó)家都找不到的動(dòng)植物。條件狀語(yǔ)Generallyspeaking，iftakenaccordingtotheinstructions，thedrughasnosideeffects.一股來說，假如依據(jù)用法說明服用，這種藥沒有副作用。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Heglancedather，noticingthatthoughshewastiny，sheseemedverywell.他匆忙看了一下她，留意到她雖然很纖弱，但看起來特別健康。讓步狀語(yǔ)Havingbeentoldmanytimes，hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.雖然被告知過好多次了，但他仍舊重復(fù)犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。伴隨狀語(yǔ)Theteachercameintothelab，followedbysomestudents.老師進(jìn)了試驗(yàn)室，后面跟著一些學(xué)生。4.獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ)定義：有些分詞或不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其形式的選擇不受上下