新高考英語二輪復習高頻考點追蹤與預測專題03 非謂語動詞的確定（講義）（原卷版）

專題03非謂語動詞的確定01專題網(wǎng)絡(luò)·思維腦圖02考情分析·解密高考考點二分詞【高考解密】命題點01分詞考點二分詞【高考解密】命題點01分詞作狀語和補語命題點02分詞作表語和定語【技巧解密】【考向預測】考點一動詞不定式考點一動詞不定式【高考解密】命題點01不定式作狀語和補語命題點02不定式作作賓語和定語命題點03不定式作主語和表語【技巧解密】【考向預測】考點三動名詞考點三動名詞【高考解密】命題點01動名詞作主語和表語命題點02動名詞作賓語和定語【技巧解密】【考向預測】04核心素養(yǎng)·微專題微專題非謂語動詞5大易錯陷阱05創(chuàng)新好題·分層練考點考查內(nèi)容高考考題設(shè)問非謂語動詞時態(tài)核心價值：高考英語試卷試題取材廣泛、體裁多樣，引導學生德智體美勞全面發(fā)展，加強對中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化和社會主義先進文化的考查，充分發(fā)揮文化鑄魂的育人功能。融入中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化，增強學生的文化自信。如2023年新高考全國I卷語法填空介紹小籠包；又如2022年新高考全國I卷語法填空語篇報道中國設(shè)立大熊貓保護國家公園的情況，介紹中國生態(tài)文明建設(shè)成就。這些語篇和情境通過講述中國故事，以浸潤的方式引導學生加強對中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化和社會主義核心價值觀的認同，增強文化自信，厚植愛國主義情懷。學科素養(yǎng)：從選材方面來說，近幾年的語法填空選材新穎，緊跟時代腳步和熱門話題，體現(xiàn)時代性和立德樹人，強調(diào)中國元素，引入傳統(tǒng)文化的介紹，融入人與自然和諧發(fā)展的觀念，引導學生德智體美勞全面發(fā)展。從考查的能力方面來說，在高考試卷中，語法填空對英語學習的考查是多方面的，主要從單詞的記憶、語法知識的掌握、長難句分析和語言的感知、推理能力、邏輯判斷能力和思維能力等。從考查的考點角度分析，主要考查點包括名詞的單復數(shù)，代詞的指代，冠詞的用法，介詞、動詞短語的固定搭配，形容詞、副詞的變形，謂語動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)，動詞的非謂語形式變化，并列連詞和復合句的考查等。2023年新高考I卷語法填空:wanting作主語補足語2023年新高考II卷語法填空:visiting作定語2023年全國甲卷語法填空:borrowing作狀語2023年全國乙卷語法填空:Havingvisited作狀語Recording作賓語2023年浙江卷(1月)語法填空:/(6月)語法填空:/2022年新高考I卷語法填空:Covering作狀語2022年新高考II卷語法填空:falling作定語2022年全國甲卷語法填空:planning作狀語2022年全國乙卷語法填空:inviting作狀語2022年浙江卷(1月)語法填空:/(6月)語法填空:/2021年新高考I卷語法填空:aching作定語2021年新高考II卷語法填空:thinking作狀語2021年全國甲卷語法填空:spending作賓語2021年全國乙卷語法填空:visiting作賓語2021年浙江卷(1月)語法填空:living作定語2023年新高考I卷語法填空:recognized作定語2023年全國甲卷語法填空:intended作定語2023年全國乙卷語法填空:built作定語2023年浙江卷(1月)語法填空:surrounded作后置定語2023年全國甲卷語法填空:held作后置定語2021年浙江卷 (1月)語法填空:studied作后置定語2023年新高考I卷語法填空:tobite；作賓語tobelifted作賓語補足語2023年全國甲卷語法填空:toteach作目的狀語2022年新高考I卷語法填空:toincrease作目的狀語2022年新高考II卷語法填空:tosee作目的狀語2022年全國甲卷語法填空:：tojourney作后置定語2022年全國乙卷語法填空:tostrengthen作目的狀語2022年浙江卷(1月)語法填空:tocontinue作賓語2021年新高考II卷語法填空:toeducate作目的狀語2021年全國甲卷語法填空:towalk固定句型作主語2021年全國乙卷語法填空:tohave作賓語2021年浙江卷(1月)語法填空:toplant作目的狀語考點一動詞不定式命題點01不定式作狀語和補語典例01【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____41____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof____42their____(they)contents.典例02【2023年全國甲卷】Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)___41___(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom典例03【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.命題點02不定式作作賓語和定語典例01【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____37____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),____38or____toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.典例02【2022全國甲卷】Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.命題點03不定式作主語和表語典例01【2021全國甲卷】Itispossible

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(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.典例02【2020年北京卷】Ittakesthemhundredsofyears___5___(break)down.動詞不定式的核心考點(1)動詞不定式作狀語①表示目的Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.②不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，動詞不定式前常加only。Georgehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthathistrainhadjustleft.③too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)，too修飾形容詞或副詞，不定式表示否定含義。onlytoo...to...或否定詞+too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式表示肯定含義。Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.箱子太沉，我搬不動。Iamonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.能幫助您，我感到十分榮幸！Wearenevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學到老。④enoughto...結(jié)構(gòu)，enough后置修飾形容詞或副詞，意思是“足以……”。Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.孩子這么大了，該上學了。⑤不定式有些約定俗成的說法，可以用作獨立狀語，主要有：totellthetruth/tobehonest說實話tocutalongstoryshort長話短說tomakemattersworse更糟糕的是tobesure可以肯定的是tobefrank坦率地說Tobehonest,thepayisn’tattractiveenough.(2)不定式作定語不定式作定語表示未做的事情。Hisfirstnoveltobepublishednextmonthisbasedonalovestory.不定式作定語的特殊用法：①下列詞語后常接不定式作定語：chance,right,courage,promise,time,opportunity,way,thefirst,thesecond,thelast,theonly等。ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashingtonD.C.②不定式作定語和所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系。Unluckily,insuchabigfamily,thereisnoonetolookafterher.③不定式與被修飾的名詞在邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系。Sheisalwayslookingforacheaproomtolivein.3.非謂語動詞作賓語(1)動詞不定式做賓語動詞agree,offer,intend,plan,demand,ask,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,dare,choose,wish,hope,want,expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine等后面接不定式作賓語，可以利用“順口溜”來記憶：同意提出做計劃，要求答應(yīng)來幫忙。準備決定遭拒絕，敢于選擇有希望。不能做到莫假裝，設(shè)法做成決心堅。動詞come,get,grow后接不定式作賓語時，意為“逐漸地……”。Davidrefusedtoacceptmyinvitationtotheconcert.Shehasahottemper,butyouwillgrowtolikeher.注意：下列單詞或短語后可接“疑問詞＋不定式”作賓語：teach,decide,wonder,show,learn,forget,ask,findout,advise,discuss等。Sorry,Ireallydon’tknowwhattodowiththiskindofmatter.4.動詞不定式作主語Toseeistobelieve.＝Seeingisbelieving.Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessintheworld.Itisveryenjoyabletoswimwithyou.(不定式短語作主語，it作形式主語)5.不定式作補語①接帶to的不定式作賓補，此類動詞(短語)有：advise,allow,ask,cause,command,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,invite,leave,like,mean,order,permit,persuade,prefer,request,tell,want,warn,wish,callon,dependon/upon,longfor,waitfor等。Theyforbadehertoleavethecountryalone.Pleaseremindmenottobelatefortheimportantmeeting.We’realllongingforthenewsummerholidaytobegin.②接不帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)有：make,have,let等使役動詞以及see,watch,notice,observe,lookat,feel,hear,listento等感官動詞。如果這些動詞或短語用于被動語態(tài)，則to不可省略。動詞help后的不定式符號to可以省略，也可以保留。Letthoseinneedunderstandthatwewillgoallouttohelpthem.Shewasseentoenterthemanager’sofficetenminutesago.省to不定式作賓補順口溜：省to賓補有十一，五看二聽三使役；一個幫助兩均可，還有一個是感覺。如若主動變被動，小to一定要帶齊。(3)with＋賓語＋賓補Themanfeltveryhappywithsomanychildrensittingaroundhim.Heliedonthechair,withanewspapercoveringhisface.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished,hegladlyacceptedit.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.Withnothingtoeat,thethreechildrenhadtogohungry.6.動詞不定式作表語不定式作表語時，說明主語尚未發(fā)生的動作，或表示將來的動作。HisbiggestambitionistogotoHarvardUniversity.Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.命題點01不定式作狀語和補語1.（2023·湖南省雅禮十六校第一次聯(lián)考）TwothingsIdidmayhavecausedpeople________(think)thatsomethingiswrongwithme.2.（2023·河北省石家莊市全過程測試）3.(2023·云南省曲靖市一中高質(zhì)量監(jiān)測（五）)________(address)theproblems,YanimprovedDai’spapermakingtechnology,thussavingproductiontimeandreducinglaborcosts.命題點02不定式作作賓語和定語1.（2023·河南省安陽市TOP二十名校摸底）Theoxwasoriginallyfirst,buthewassokindthatheagreed________(carry)thelittleratacrosstheriver.2.（2023·廣東省惠州實驗中學5月試題）Thiscommunity,calledHuaYanHui,in2011followingaHanfurevival(復興)movementthatemergedfromgrowingculturalconfidenceandthedesire___(express)nationalidentity.Sincethen,hehasbeenvolunteeringtosupportthegroup.3.（2023·江蘇省揚州中學測試）GaininginspirationfromjadeforasecondtimehonorstheChinesecapital’suniquepositionasthefirstcity__________（host)theSummerandWinterOlympics.考點二分詞命題點01分詞作狀語和補語典例01【2023年全國乙卷】____46____(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I____47wasamazed____(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.典例02【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____44rarely____(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft_____45_____(want)morenexttime.典例03【2023年全國甲卷】“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,___44where___alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,___45___(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.命題點02分詞作表語和定語典例01【2023年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】Shanghaimaybethe____39____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.典例02【2023年新高考全國Ⅱ卷】Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto___40___(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.典例03【2023年全國乙卷】Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong____41to____royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully____42____(build)systemofringroads....Theteachercameintothelab,followedbytwostudents.Theteachercameintothelab,followedbytwostudents.分詞的核心考點1.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語①一般式doing表示動作和謂語動詞同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，與句子的主語是主動關(guān)系。Walkinginthestreet,Icaughtsightofatailor’sshop.(主動關(guān)系)②完成式havingdone表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，與句子主語是主動關(guān)系。Nothavingcompletedtheprogramme,theyhavetostayedthereforanothertwoweeks.③被動式havingbeendone表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，與句子的主語是被動關(guān)系。Havingbeenaskedtoworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.(被動意義，非謂語動詞的動詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前)(2)過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語時，與句子主語之間是被動關(guān)系或邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。Seenfromthemoon,theearthlooksgreen.Satisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedhiminclass.Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.Explainedahundredtimes,hestillcan’tunderstandit.Thecupfelldowntotheground,brokenintopieces.2.分詞作定語(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語現(xiàn)在分詞主動形式(短語)作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動作的主動和進行；現(xiàn)在分詞被動形式(補語)作定語與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，表示該動作的被動和進行。TheSlowMovementisatermthatdescribesawiderangeofeffortstakingplacearoundtheworld.Thisisoneoftheexperimentsbeingcarriedoutinourcountry.(3)過去分詞作定語過去分詞(短語)作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有被動關(guān)系，表示該動作的被動或完成。相當于一個含有被動形式的定語從句。Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten(=thathaseverbeenwritten).Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=whohadbeeninvited)toyourpartylastnight?注意：表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞-ing形式，意為“令人……的”；動詞-ed形式，意為“(人)感到……的”，也可修飾體現(xiàn)內(nèi)心感受的look，expression,tears,smile,voice等名詞。3.分詞作賓補(1)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作賓補的區(qū)別①現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的兩大特征：一是賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞有主謂關(guān)系；二是多是一些感官動詞(短語)后，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作正在進行?？山蝇F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的動詞(短語)常見的有：have,see,hear,find,get,leave,notice,watch,keep,start,set,catch,smell,feel,send,listento,lookat等。Shenoticedthemanlookingatheracoupleoftimes.Hediscoveredhersittingnearthefire,readingabook.Justlookattheheavyrainpouringdown.IheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbyalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.(被動，正在進行)②過去分詞作賓補的兩大特征：一是及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補與賓語有動賓關(guān)系；二是不及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補與賓語有主謂關(guān)系，多用來表示動作已完成?？山舆^去分詞作賓補的動詞有：have,see,hear,find,leave,want,make等。Inthemorningpeoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.Manytownsandvillageshadtheirwatersupplycutoffbecausetherewasnoelectricity.ThreefamousparksinandaroundLondonhadover1,400treesblownover.Lateronthecenterhadalargenumberofnewtreesplanted.(3)with＋賓語＋賓補Themanfeltveryhappywithsomanychildrensittingaroundhim.Heliedonthechair,withanewspapercoveringhisface.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished,hegladlyacceptedit.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle,thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.Withnothingtoeat,thethreechildrenhadtogohungry.4.分詞做表語注意：現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作表語時，通常為分詞化的形容詞。命題點01分詞作狀語和補語1.（2023·江蘇省泰州中學調(diào)研）It’susefultobeabletomakesnowwhennaturedoesn’tprovideenough.Butartificialsnowissurelynotthesameasnaturalsnow,whichhasmoreairandlesswater.Anathleteusedtonaturalsnowmighthavetoadjusttheirstylewhen________(perform)onman-madesnow.2.（2023·浙江省名校協(xié)作體統(tǒng)考）Dingworkedonaprojectcalled“TheInvisibleAreSignificant”,___58___(hope)morestudentswouldrespectthe“invisible”staff.3.（2023·江蘇省連云港市調(diào)研）However,withChinesewriting______(become)increasinglystandardizedandsimplified,itbecameatraditiontouseXiaozhuanforseals.命題點02分詞作表語和定語1.（2023·粵湘鄂名校聯(lián)盟高三第一次聯(lián)考）Hisceramicworks,bothfunctionalandsculptural,arefullofelementsoffashion,humor,andcharacter_______(paint)onwithtraditionalChineseink.2.（2023·河南省名校聯(lián)考高三5月模擬）Alotofusmaybestillrecoveringfromantisocialhabits_____(form)inthetoughtime.考點三動名詞命題點01動名詞作主語和表語典例01[2021·浙江1月]Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname,________（find）asmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.典例02[2020·海南卷]______（talk）freelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.命題點02動名詞作賓語和定語典例011.【2023年全國乙卷】Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears___48___(record)everythingIdiscovered.典例02[2021·浙江1月]Today:inAustralia:mostchildrenonaveragefall2000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoid______（be）overweight.典例03[2019·上海卷]Intherecentyears,seaerosionhasledtomanyturtles'nest________(damage)ordestroyed.動名詞的核心考點(1)動名詞做賓語①動詞admit,appreciate,avoid,consider(考慮),delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,resist,suggest等后要接動名詞作賓語。BillsuggestedholdingameetingonwhattodofortheExpoduringthevactation.HeenjoyseatingapplesplantedinShandongProvince.②動詞短語can’tstand,giveup,feellike,keepon,insiston,lookforwardto,putoff,devote...to,objectto,bebusy(in),getdownto,havedifficulty/trouble(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in),havefun等后要接動名詞作賓語。Ihadgreatdifficulty(in)findingthesuitablefoodwe’dliketoeat.Thestudentsarebusy(in)preparingthemid-termexamination.注意：動詞后面只能接動名詞做賓語的順口溜：建議完成多練習(suggest,advise,finish,practice)，避免錯過少延期(avoid,miss,delay)，承認喜歡和原諒(admit,enjoy,like,love,forgive,excuse,pardon)，允許想象需欣賞(allow,imagine,appreciate)，反對逃脫與冒險(mind,escape,risk)，考慮抵制要繼續(xù)(consider,resist,keep)，厭倦拖延別放棄(betiredof,putoff,giveup)，期望堅持定成功(lookforwardto,insiston,stickto,succeedin)。Haveyoufinishedcleaningthewindows?窗子擦好了嗎？Wouldyoumindshuttingthedoor?勞駕把門關(guān)上行嗎？Ienjoyedworkingtherebecauseofthegoodpay.我在那里工作很高興，待遇不錯。③介詞后要接動名詞作賓語，如：whatabout,howabout,befondof,begoodat等的介詞后接動名詞。注意on/upondoingsth.=assoonas引導的從句，作此意講時on/upon后也可以接名詞。Onhisarrival/Onarrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.注意：①表示一種傾向多接動名詞作賓語；表示某一特定的或具體的行動，多接不定式作賓語。Ilikelisteningtorockmusic,buttodayIdon’tliketo.②want,require,need表“需要”講，后用不定式時，要用其被動形式；用動名詞時，用其主動形式(表被動意義)。Theoldhouserequiredtoberepaired.Theoldhouserequiredrepairing.(2)動名詞作主語WatchingTVtoolongdoesharmtooureyes.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(動名詞短語作主語，it作形式主語)It’snogoodsmoking,you’dbettergiveitup.(3)動名詞作表語時，說明主語的內(nèi)容。Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.命題點01動名詞作主語和表語1.（2023·廣東省惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研）________(eat)so-called“junkfoods”doesactivatethebrain’srewardsystem,butthathighisshort-livedbecauseit’snotthedeeprewardofrealcomfort.2.（山東省曲阜市第一中學考試）________(melt)andrefreezingofpolariceisnatural.Butinawarmerworld,thecyclespeedsup,andpolarbearshavelesstimetohunt.Normally,theyhavethreemonthsinthespringwhentheygainmoreweight.Theextrafatwillbeused,whenthebearsarenotactivelyhunting.命題點02動名詞作賓語和定語1.（2023·內(nèi)蒙古包頭市高三調(diào)研）Bythetimehewas13yearsold,hisfatherhadgivenup________(paint)himselfbecausehefelthissonhadalreadysurpassed(超越)him.2.（2023·江蘇省高郵市第一中學月考）Despiteit________(be)abusyworkday,thousandsofpeoplewearingblackcametotheMingyangshanMortuaryHouseinthecity,wherethememorialservicewasheldat10am,topresentbouquets(花束)andbunchesofriceandpaytribute(頌詞)toYuan.（2023·浙江省七彩陽光新高考研究聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考）Testflightsaremoreabout________(judge)theaircraft'ssafetyandreliability.非謂語動詞5大易錯陷阱易錯陷阱1：非謂語動詞作狀語易混易錯點?！痉治觥糠侵^語動詞作狀語，其邏輯主語是句子的主語?，F(xiàn)在分詞：doing表示主動關(guān)系，表伴隨、自然而然的結(jié)果、原因、條件等;havingdone強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語之前。havingdone強調(diào)被動且完成的動作。過去分詞：表被動，表時間、原因、條件等。不定式：作目的狀語，用于句中時不能用逗號。不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。作原因、程度等狀語。用于固定短語中。典例01（廣東省2023-2024學年6校高三聯(lián)考）Thetablet,(find)inJindongVillage,measures1.4metershigh,0.61meterswide,and0.14metersthick.典例02（2023年廣東高三模擬）_______(dress)inafullbodysuitofice,asymbolofpurityandstrength,thepandawearsahelmetwithcoloredhalo.典例03(2023·江蘇省徐州市高三5月模擬)Inrecentyears,however,Wuxihascarriedoutaseriesofreformsandinnovation(promote)theinheritanceofintangibleculturalheritageprojects.易錯陷阱2：非謂語動詞作定語易混易錯點?，F(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動或正在進行的動作。beingdone表示被動且正進行的動作，作后置定語。過去分詞：表被動，易與謂語動詞被動被動語態(tài)bedone和謂語動詞主動語態(tài)的過去時混淆。不定式：需跟不定式的名詞：ability,attempt,decision,effort,failure,way,promise等。典例01（湖南省常德市第一中學2023-2024學年高三試題）Huawei,whichhasenduredyearsofUSsanctions,surprisedtheworldonAug29,withanunadvertisedannouncement-thelaunchofitslatesthigh-endsmartphone,theMate60Pro,(price)at6,999yuan($964).典例02（廣東省湛江市第一中學2023-2024學年高三試題）Aresort(度假勝地)inVietnamhasopenedaglass-bottomedfootbridge,thethirdsuchbridgeintheSoutheastAsiancountry,______(connect)twomountains.典例03（廣東省2023-2024學年6校高三聯(lián)考）Astonetablet(牌匾)(date)backtotheyear1693,whichfallswithintheQingDynasty(1644—1911),wasdiscoveredinDamingCounty,northChina’sHebeiProvince,saidlocalauthorities.易錯陷阱3：現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作補語易混易錯點?，F(xiàn)在分詞：作賓補時，表示主動或正進行。過去分詞：在表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞后作賓補。如：see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notice,feel等；在“使”動詞后作賓補。如：have,get,keep,leave,make等。不定式：常跟不定式作賓補的動詞：allow，ask，beg，cause,command,elect,forbid,force,get,help,intend,invite,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,prefer,request,teach,advise,wish,encourage,instruct,urge等.典例01（湖北省孝感市重點高中協(xié)作體2023-2024學年高三試題）Itisestimatedthatbytheendofthisyear,thenumberofpeopleusinghanfuproductsinChinawillreach6.89million,withtotalsales(expect)toreach10.16billionyuan.典例02（湖南師范大學附屬中學2023-2024學年高三摸底考試）Whenshespottedsuchabandonedgoods,sheputapairofeyeball-shapedstickersonthembeforepublishingnotesonhersocialmediaaccounts,andguidingothers_____(pick)themupfromthestreets.典例03（廣東省廣州市2023-2024學年高三訓練試卷）ThisfilmnotonlyidentifieswiththeChinesepeoplebutalsoallowstheworld__(explore)therichtraditionofTangpoetryandthe“ChinesePoetryUniverse.”易錯陷阱4：非謂語動詞作賓語易混易錯點。常跟動名詞作賓語的動詞或短語：finish,practice,enjoy,mind,avoid,admit,appreciate,feellike,suggest,stand,risk，consider,escape,miss,delay,dislike,imagine,understand,lookforwardto,insiston,bebusy,can'thelp,getdownto,beworth等。常接不定式作賓語的動詞:afford，agree，arrange,ask,care，choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,hope,manage，of-fer，plan,，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，want,wish,aim，fail,long,happen,hesitate,struggle,attempt,volunteer,desire等。在wh-疑問詞后常跟不定式作賓語。典例01（浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟）Oneshouldbeclearaboutwhat(love)orhate.Rencomesfromlearningandself-cultivation:itcanbeseenfromaperson’sappearance.典例02（遼寧省六校2023-2024學年高三聯(lián)考試卷）Shynessmakesitdifficult(meet)newpeopleandmakefriends.典例03（廣東省東莞實驗中學高三下學期開學“收心”試題）What’smore,ChineseCultureCentersinCairo,Paris,Berlin,TokyoandDenmark,tonameafew,areintroducingChinabyholdingculturalactivities,openingtrainingclasses,and(build)libraries.易錯陷阱5：非謂語動詞作表語和主語易混易錯點。作主語：動名詞、不定式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。作表語：動名詞作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容；現(xiàn)在分詞作表語說明主語的性質(zhì)；過去分詞作表語說明人的狀態(tài)、表情或感受。當主語部分有all/what/everything/do的某種形式時，作表語的不定式可以省略符號to。典例01（2024屆浙江省強基聯(lián)盟適應(yīng)性考試試題）AsanexpertfortheBabyAnnabellAskTheExpertscampaign,peoplehaveaskedmeif(have)ashypersonalityissomethingwearebornwithorifit’ssomethingwedevelopbasedonourexperiences.典例02（遼寧省重點高中2023-2024學年高三10月試題）Ithasindeedbeenagrowingtrendforurbanresidents________(volunteer)inruralareas.典例03（2023年全國高三模擬）Whatyou'vesaidis_________(convince),soI'lltakeyouradvice.1.（湖南省雅禮中學2023-2024學年高三試題）Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeof________(steam)dumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,andTibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.2.（湖南省長沙麓山國際實驗學校2023-2024學年高三試題）First(manufacture)inShanghaiinthe1940s,WhiteRabbitwasn’tonlyahouseholdnameinChina,italsowasusedasgiftsforforeigndignitaries(政要).3.（湖南省長沙市南雅中學2023-2024學年高三試題）Wearingacostumeand(arm)withapropspear(道具長矛),the42-year-oldwalksconfidentlyacrossthestage,practisingavarietyofmartialartmovements,beforeendingthedrillwithaliangxiang(strikingaposeonthestage).4.（2024屆廣東省四校高三第一次聯(lián)考試題）Sofar,Shandonghaslaunchedmanyculturaltourismprojects,makinggreatprogressindiggingintothecultureandvalueoftheYellowRiver_______(boost）thehigh-qualitydevelopmentoftheregion.5.（廣東省執(zhí)信中學2023-2024學年高三開學試題）Whatyouhavetorememberis(put)theglassdown.6.（廣東省六校2023-2024學年高三第一次聯(lián)考試題）Eventuallysixty-sevenpanda-specificprotectedareas(represent)70percentofthespecies’rangewereestablished.7.（廣東省2023-2024學年新高三聯(lián)考試題）Thereef,between15kilometersand150kilometersoffshoreandaround65kmwideinsomeparts,isagatheringofbrilliant,vividcoral(provide)diverswiththemostspectacularunderwaterexperienceimaginable.8.（湖南師范大學附屬中學2023-2024學年高三摸底考試）Later,“stooping”wasextendedtomean“pickingupabandoneditemsand________(recycle)them”.9.（江蘇省常州市八校2023年高三10月聯(lián)合調(diào)研）Zhai,thecommanderofthemission,wasthefirst________(come)outofthecapsule,wavinghishandtothecheeringcrowdonsitewithabigsmile.10.（江蘇省常州市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學年高三10月調(diào)研試題）ThehearingleftWashingtonwithdecisions________(make).11.(2023