北京市東城區(qū)第五十五中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2024-2025學(xué)年北京市東城區(qū)第五十五中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題一、選詞填空-句子：本大題共1小題，共10分。1.

focuson

obviously

suitablefor

adventure

arrangement

otherthanorganize

confuse

lookforwardto

responsible

takecontrolof

(1)I’mreally______travellingwithmyfriendsaftergraduation.(2)Employersusuallydecidewithinfiveminuteswhethersomeoneis______thejob.(3)They______mewithdifferentdescriptionsofwhathappened.(4)Irecommendyou______yourfeelingsandstopgettingangrysoeasily.(5)Eachexercise______adifferentgrammarpoint.(6)Ifeelastrongsenseof______tohelpthoseinneed.(7)Heisthepresidentofalargeinternational______.(8)_____,dietandexercisearebothimportant.(9)Ihavenosociallifeorinterests______swimming.(10)Therearespecial______forpeopleworkingoverseas.(11)Iwasdeeplyimpressedbytheirspiritof______.二、閱讀理解：本大題共10小題，共20分。A☆Meetwithastronomers

☆Trycomputerprogramsastronomersuse

☆Hearthelatestnews

☆WorkwithactualdataDirector:ConnieWalkercwalker@TheTeenAstronomyCaféprogramisanout-of-schoolprogramthatoffershighschoolstudentsopportunitiestointeractwithscientistswhoworkattheforefrontofastronomy.Theprogramwillbefrom9:30a.m.tillnoonononemorningeachmonthfromOctoberthroughMay(exceptforJanuary).Studentsexplorethebirthanddeathofstars,killerasteroids(行星),thestructureoftheuniverse,darkenergy,darkmatter,andmore.Ahands-onactivityrelatedtotheshortpresentationwillfollowaspartoftheTeenAstronomyCafésexperience—eitherasastate-of-the-artcomputerlabactivity,amovie,adeeperdiscussion,oranexplorationofthetopicwitha3-Dprinter.Thestudentswillusetheactualcomputerprogramsanddatathatthescientistsuse!TheTeenAstronomyCafésareopentoallhighschoolstudentsatnocost.Theprogramaimstoimprovestudentachievement,andfuel(激發(fā))theirdesiretogotocollegeandpursueacareerinscience,technology,engineering,ormathematics(STEM)inthefuture.IfstudentsareinterestedinattendinganyoralloftheTeenAstronomyCafés,pleasehavethemregisterathttp://www.teenastronomycafé.org.DatesfortheTeenAstronomyCafésnextcomingacademicyear(學(xué)年)are:

2.Studentstakingpartintheprogramwill______.A.userealscientificdata

B.workfortheastronomers

C.researchthebirthoftheuniverse

D.developcomputerprogramonastronomy3.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprogram?A.Toofferfreeeducation.

B.Totrainfutureastronomers.

C.Tosolvetheproblemsofastronomy.

D.ToencouragefurtherstudyofSTEM.4.In2022,studentscanattendTeenAstronomyCaféson______.A.January6th B.May1st C.October3rd D.November7thBTheolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhatthecutoffpointis—atwhatageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenaregoodatlearningasecondlanguageupuntiltheageof18,about10yearslaterthanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoachievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson’sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.Theycreatedashortonlinegrammarquizcalled“WhichEnglish?”thattestednoun-verbagreement,pronouns,prepositionsandrelativeclauses,amongotherlinguisticelements.Theywantedtofindoutwhenthe“criticalperiod”forachievingthehighestlevelsofgrammaticalfluencyends.Basedonpeople’sgrammarscoresandinformationabouttheirlearningofEnglish,theresearchersdevelopedmodelstofindouthowlongittakestobecomefluentinalanguageandthebestagetostartlearning.Theyconcludedthattheabilitytolearnanewlanguage,atleastgrammatically,isstrongestuntiltheageof18.Tobecomecompletelyfluent,however,learningshouldstartbeforetheageof10.Therearethreemainideasastowhylanguage-learningabilityfallsat18:socialchanges,interference(干擾)fromone’sprimarylanguageandcontinuingbraindevelopment.At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.Oritispossiblethatafteronemastersafirstlanguage,itsrulesinterferewiththeabilitytolearnasecondlanguage.Finally,changesinthebrainthatcontinueduringthelateteensandearly20smaysomehowmakelearningharder.Thisisnottosaythatwecannotlearnanewlanguageifweareover20.Therearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhopickupalanguagelaterinlife.AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.5.InParagraph2,“thisproblem”refersto______.A.atwhatagepeoplecandothequiz

B.howpeopleimprovetheirlanguageskills

C.whypeoplefindithardtomastergrammarrules

D.inwhatperiodpeoplecanlearnanewlanguagewell6.Whydoespeople’slanguage-learningabilityfallat18?A.Becausetheyhavenogoodlearningenvironment.

B.Becausetheyarebusydevelopingotherlifeskills.

C.Becausetheyneedn’timprovethelanguageability.

D.Becausetheyfocusmoreontheirprimarylanguage.7.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toexplainafinding. B.Toprovideasolution.

C.Toleadadiscussion. D.Tosupportanopinion.CForsolong,failurehasbeenpicturedassomethingnegative,somethingtobeashamedofandsomethingtobekeptasecret.ButaSwedishpsychologist,SamuelWest,hasdecidedtoputourworstfearsonthetable.Heisopeningamuseum--theMuseumofFailure--inHelsingborg,Sweden,thisJune.Insteadofshowingsuccesses,asmuseumsusuallydo,theMuseumofFailurewilldisplayover60“failed”productsfrombig-namecompaniessuchasNokia,AppleandCoca-Cola.“Ireallyhopeyouseethatthesemega-brandsthateverybodyrespects,theyscrewuptoo,”WesttoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Ihopethatmakesyoufeellessnervousaboutlearningsomethingnew.”West’sopinionisn’tanewone.AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,“Apersonwhonevermadeamistakenevertriedanythingnew.”AndthisideahasbeenembracedbylotsofcompaniesintheUS.SiliconValley,forexample,isthehomeofsomeoftheworld’smostcreativecompanies,yetitssloganturnsouttobe,quitesurprisingly,“Failfast,failoften.”However,therearereasonsforthis.“Thebestcompaniesarethosethatencouragefailure,embraceout-of-the-boxthinking,andallowemployerstomakemistakesandseewhathappens,”wroteSimonCasutoofForbes.Butsomepeoplearedoubtfulofthisso-called“cultureoffailure”.Theyareworriedthatiffailurebecomesa“symbolofhonor”,asWiredmagazineputit,itmayevenbeseenas“uncool”whensomeonetriestoreducetheriskoffailure.Thismaypushpeopletocaretoolittleandtrytoolittle.“Sometimespeoplehidbehindfailure,whentheycouldhavepreventedit,”wroteAnnaIsaacofTheTelegraph.Soit’simportantthatyousetapartthetwokindsoffailure—thekindthatmakesyoualoserandthekindthattakesyouforward.Thekeyiswhetheryou’velearnedsomethingfromyourmistakes.“Learningistheonlyprocessthatturnsfailureintosuccess.”WestsaidTheGuardian.”Ifyoudon’tlearnfromyourfailures,thenyou’vereallyfailed.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“screwup”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Makeaprofit. B.Makeamess.

C.Makeahighlight. D.Makearisk.9.Whatmessagesdoestheslogan“Failfast,failoften.”convey?A.Themorefailure,thebetter.

B.Acceptfailure,andtrynewthings.

C.Themoreyoufail,thelesssuccessyouachieve.

D.Failureismoreimportantthansuccess.10.Whichmagazineshowsdoubtaboutthecultureoffailure?A.TheNewYorkTimes.

B.Forbes.

C.Wired.

D.TheGuardian.11.What’sWest’sopinionaboutfailure?A.Failure’svalueliesinlearningfromit.

B.Ifyoufail,youarealoser.

C.It’snotnecessarytotrytoreducetheriskoffailure.

D.Failureisthekeytoputyouforward.三、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共10分。Everyonefeelsanxiousornervousattimes.Feelingslikethesecansurfacewhenyoufaceachallenge.

12

Youmightfeelanxiouswhenit’syourturntospeakinclass.Thesefeelingscanbeuncomfortable,butyoucanmanagewiththehelpofthefollowingtips.●Startwithagrowthmindset(思想傾向).Somepeoplehaveafixedmindset.Theymightthink,“ThisishowIam.Igetanxiousbeforespeakinginclass.SoIdon’traisemyhand.”Withafixedmindset,peopledon’tthinkthingscanchange.Butpeoplewithagrowthmindsetknowtheycangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.

13

●Noticewhatanxietyfeelslikeforyou.Gettoknowthebodyfeelingsthatarepartofanxiety.Whenyou’reanxious,doyoufeel“butterflies”?Shakyhands?Afasterheartbeat?Knowthatthesefeelingsarepartofthebody’snormalresponsetoachallenge.

14

Nexttimetheyhappen,trytonoticethefeelingswithoutgettingupset.Acceptthemandletthembethere.●

15

Whenyou’reanxious,it’scommontotellyourselfthingslike,“Ican’tdothis.”O(jiān)r“WhatifImessthisup?”Instead,tellyourselfsomethingthatcouldhelpyoufacethemomentwithabitofcourage,“It’sOKtofeelanxious.Icandothisanyway.”It’sfacingtheanxietythathelpsyoumanageit.Thisiscalledexposure.Learningtocopewithanxietytakestimeandpatience.Mostofall,ittakespracticeandwillingnesstofaceit.Itstartswithonesmallstep.

16

A．Giveitallofyourattention.B．Thatincludesdealingwithanxiety.C．Talkyourselfthroughanxietyandfaceit.D．They’renotharmfulandtheyfadeontheirown.E．Itcanhelpyou“reset”andbereadytomoveforward.F．Forexample,youmightfeelnervousbeforetakingbigexams.G．Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llgetatmanaginganxiety.四、完形填空：本大題共10小題，共15分。MyfamilymovedtoPerth,AustraliawhenIwassix.Onthefirstdayofschool,Iwas

17

becauseIcouldn’tevensayhelloinEnglish.ThenImetNatsumi.HerfamilyhadjustmovedtoAustraliafromJapan.UnabletospeakawordofEnglish,wecouldonly

18

throughbodylanguage,butthisdidnotstopusfrombecomingfast

19

.MymumhasaclearmemoryofonecartripwhenNatsumiandIweresittinginthebackseat,laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish,ItwasthefirsttimeIhadfelt

20

enoughtospeakthefewwordsIhadlearnedthroughouttheyear.Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi’sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.Welost

21

.Yearslater,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtonewly-arrivedstudentsandadults.ManyofmystudentswereJapanese,which

22

meofNatsumi.ThoughIhadlongbeenlookingforher,mysearcheshadsofarlednowhere.OnavisittoJapanin2018,I

23

again.Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi.Tryingmyluck,Isentheramessage.Thenextday,therewasa

24

:“Gabi?GabifromPerth?”Weagreedonadateandmetupfordinner.Seeingheragainwas

25

.However,thistime,wewerenotonlyabletocommunicatewithoneanotherinEnglish,but

26

so.17.A.angry B.frightened C.excited D.curious18.A.explore B.improve C.study D.communicate19.A.friends B.roommates C.advisers D.travellers20.A.shocked B.confident C.upset D.calm21.A.heart B.hope C.interest D.touch22.A.warned B.reminded C.informed D.freed23.A.applied B.tracked C.tried D.failed24.A.reply B.tip C.contact D.sign25.A.awkward B.impossible C.attractive D.unbelievable26.A.honestly B.peacefully C.fluently D.politely五、語法填空：本大題共3小題，共45分。Adamfindsitabit

1

(challenge)togetusedtothelifeatseniorhighschool.Therearealotofextra-curricular

2

(activity)tochoosefromatseniorhighschool.Hetriedtojointhefootballteam,

3

thecoachtoldhimhedidn’tplaywellenough.Hedecidedtoimproveonhisownsothathecanmaketheteamnextyear.Thefour-daywalkingtour

1

(take)youonanamazingpaththroughtheAndesMountainsonthewaytothecityofMachuPicchu.After

2

(reach)yourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexploreandbe

3

(amaze)bythisancientcity.Evanisawildlifephotographer.Once,twotigers

1

(run)pasthim,stoppedameterawayfromhistruckandbegantofight.Hewastooafraidtophotographthem.AnothertimeinNamibia,onelioncameeven

2

(close).Itwentallthewayroundhistruck.Thenitgotuponthebackandlookedathim

3

thewindow,whichwasoneofhishappiestmoments.Evan’spicturesmakepeoplethinkaboutanimalsindanger,whichmattersagreatdealtohim.六、閱讀表達(dá)：本大題共1小題，共10分。30.HazeMabry,whohasworkedasaschoolkeeperforthirteenyears,walksintotheschoolbuildingeverydayandemptiesgarbagecans,wipesdownbathroomsandmopswetmessesinthehallways.LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80thbirthday.Ashewalkedthelonghallway,somepoppedoutoflinetohughim.Theyhandedhimsomanycardsthattheyfilledseverallargeboxes.Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection,Mabrythankedthemall.“They’relikemychildren,”Mabrysaid.Onaregularday,studentsattheschoolsometimescomeuptohimtosaythey’renotfeelingwellorothertimestotellhimaboutsomethingthathappenedatbreak.Heknowsmostofthekidsattheschool,butcan’tnameeachone.Someofthemmakehimknowthem.LikeFaith,whooftenforgetsherbackpackinthecafeteria,andLucy,whojustwantsahug.“Hewon’tbrag(夸耀)onhimself,butitdoesn’tmatterwhathe’sdoingorwhereheis,hewillalwaysstopwhathe’sdoingtotakecareofachildifthatchildishavingabadday.Ifachildapproaches(接近)him,hewillpausetogivethatchildhisundividedattention.He’sthemostlovedoneinthisbuilding,”saidLoriGilreath,areadingteacher.Mabryworkscirclesaroundallthestudents,cleaningupmessesothersdon’twanttotouch.Hedoesn’texpectalot.Mabrysaidhehadn’tplannedtodomuchforhismilestonebirthday,sohewashappythestudentshadpreparedthesurprisecelebration.Overtheweekend,heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouse.Onecardfromastudentstoodouttohim.Itread:“Mr.Haze,youaremysunshine.”(1)Whydid800studentslinethehallwayswithhandmadecards?_______________________________________________________________________________________(2)Whydidthewriterquote(引用)thewordsfromLoriGilreathinthefourthparagraph?___________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Whoisthesunshineinyourlife?Inwhatwaysdoesheorsheaffect(影響)you?(About40words)___________________________________________________________________________________________七、書面表達(dá)：本大題共1小題，共25分。31.假如你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華，你的英國朋友Jim喜歡中國歷史文化，計(jì)劃下個(gè)月來北京旅游，發(fā)來郵件詢問相關(guān)信息。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.歡迎他來北京旅游；2.推薦兩個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)并說明理由；3.表達(dá)祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于80詞；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】lookingforwardto【小題2】suitablefor【小題3】confused【小題4】totakecontrolof/takecontrolof/shouldtakecontrolof【小題5】focuseson【小題6】responsibility【小題7】organization

【小題8】Obviously

【小題9】otherthan【小題10】arrangements

【小題11】adventure【解析】1.

考查動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我真的很期待畢業(yè)后和朋友們?nèi)ヂ眯?。由句意可知此處意為“盼望”，?yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語lookforwardto，由空前的I’m可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，一起構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填lookingforwardto。

2.

考查固定短語。句意：雇主通常會(huì)在五分鐘內(nèi)決定一個(gè)人是否適合這份工作。由句意可知此處意為“適合于……”，應(yīng)用固定短語besuitablefor，由空前的is可知應(yīng)填suitablefor，故填suitablefor。

3.

考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他們對(duì)所發(fā)生的事情的不同描述使我感到困惑。由句意可知此處意為“使困惑”，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞confuse，作謂語，由空后的從句謂語happened可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去式的形式，故填confused。

4.

考查動(dòng)詞短語和虛擬語氣。句意：我建議你控制自己的情緒，不要那么容易生氣。由句意可知此處意為“控制”，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短takecontrolof，由空前的recommend可知此處為表示建議、要求、命令的動(dòng)詞之后的虛擬語氣，從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用should+動(dòng)詞原型，should可以省略，或者是recommendsb.todosth.，不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填totakecontrolof/takecontrolof/shouldtakecontrolof。

5.

考查動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：每個(gè)練習(xí)都集中在不同的語法點(diǎn)上。由句意可知此處意為“集中”，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短focuson，此處為客觀陳述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為Eachexercise，謂語單數(shù)形式，故填focuseson。

6.

考查名詞。句意：我有一種強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感去幫助那些需要幫助的人。由句意此處意為“責(zé)任”，應(yīng)用形容詞responsible“有責(zé)任的”的名詞形式responsibility，asenseofresponsibility“責(zé)任感”，故填responsibility。

7.

考查名詞。句意：他是一個(gè)大型國際組織的主席。由句意此處意為“組織”，由空前的alargeinternational可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞organize“組織”的名詞單數(shù)形式organization，故填organization。

8.

考查副詞。句意：顯然，飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)都很重要。由句意此處意為“顯然；明顯地”，應(yīng)用副詞obviously，作狀語，位于句首，修飾整個(gè)句子，首字母需大寫，故填Obviously。

9.

考查介詞短語。句意：除了游泳，我沒有社交生活和興趣。由句意此處意為“除了”，應(yīng)用介詞短語詞otherthan，故填otherthan。

10.

考查名詞。句意：在海外工作的人有特別的安排。由句意此處意為“安排”，應(yīng)用名詞arrangement，由空前的are可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填arrangements。

11.

考查名詞。句意：他們的冒險(xiǎn)精神給我留下了深刻的印象。由句意此處意為“冒險(xiǎn)精神；冒險(xiǎn)”，應(yīng)用名詞adventure，由空前的theirspiritof可知應(yīng)填單數(shù)形式，spiritofadventure“冒險(xiǎn)精神”，故填adventure。2~4.【答案】A、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)青少年天文咖啡館項(xiàng)目，此項(xiàng)目旨在為高中生提供在天文前線工作的科學(xué)家交流的機(jī)會(huì)。文章還提供了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的具體內(nèi)容、目的、時(shí)間、報(bào)名方式等信息。

1.

根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“Thestudentswillusetheactualcomputerprogramsanddatathatthescientistsuse!（學(xué)生們將使用科學(xué)家們使用的實(shí)際計(jì)算機(jī)程序和數(shù)據(jù)）”可知，參與該項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生將使用真實(shí)的科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。

2.

根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Theprogramaimstoimprovestudentachievement,andfuel(激發(fā))theirdesiretogotocollegeandpursueacareerinscience,technology,engineering,ormathematics(STEM)inthefuture.（該項(xiàng)目旨在提高學(xué)生的成績，激發(fā)他們上大學(xué)的愿望，并在未來追求科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程或數(shù)學(xué)(STEM)領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯）”可知，該項(xiàng)目的主要目的是鼓勵(lì)進(jìn)一步研究STEM。故選D。

3.

文章的最后“DatesfortheTeenAstronomyCafésnextcomingacademicyear(學(xué)年)are:”給出了下個(gè)學(xué)年這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的日期，根據(jù)所提供的日期，只有選項(xiàng)B在范圍之內(nèi)。故選B。5~7.【答案】D、A、A【解析】【文章大意】本文主要解釋了一種發(fā)現(xiàn)：學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的能力在18歲之前最強(qiáng)。

1.

根據(jù)第一段Theolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.But...achievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.（年齡越大，學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言就越困難。但沒有人確切知道什么是截止點(diǎn)，什么年齡的學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)變得更困難。在一項(xiàng)最大的研究中，波士頓大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們在18歲之前都很擅長學(xué)習(xí)第二語言，比之前的想法晚了大約10年。但研究還表明如果你想達(dá)到母語者的語法流利程度，從10歲開始。）結(jié)合劃線詞所在的句子Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson'sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.（為了解決這個(gè)問題，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)收集了一個(gè)人的年齡、語言水平和學(xué)習(xí)英語的時(shí)間的數(shù)據(jù)。）可知?jiǎng)澗€詞意思是“在什么時(shí)期人們可以學(xué)好一門新語言”。故選D。

2.

根據(jù)第四段At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.（18歲時(shí)，孩子通常從高中畢業(yè)，開始上大學(xué)或全職工作。一旦他們畢業(yè)，他們可能就沒有時(shí)間和機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)第二語言。）可知人們的語言學(xué)習(xí)能力在18歲時(shí)下降是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。故選A。

3.

閱讀全文以及根據(jù)最后一段AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.（盡管這項(xiàng)研究僅用英語進(jìn)行，但研究人員相信，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將轉(zhuǎn)移到其他語言，他們正在開發(fā)類似的西班牙語和普通話測試。）可知本文主要解釋了一種發(fā)現(xiàn)：學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的能力在18歲之前最強(qiáng)。故選A。8~11.【答案】B、B、C、A【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了長久以來，失敗被描繪成一種消極的東西，一種令人羞愧的東西，一種需要保守秘密的東西。但瑞典心理學(xué)家塞繆爾·韋斯特(SamuelWest)決定將我們最擔(dān)心的問題擺到桌面上。今年6月，他將在瑞典的赫爾辛堡開設(shè)一家博物館——失敗博物館。

1.

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Insteadofshowingsuccesses,asmuseumsusuallydo,theMuseumofFailurewilldisplayover60“failed”productsfrombig-namecompaniessuchasNokia,AppleandCoca-Cola.（與博物館通常展示成功產(chǎn)品的做法不同，“失敗博物館”將展示60多件來自諾基亞、蘋果和可口可樂等知名公司的“失敗”產(chǎn)品。）”可推知，劃線詞所在句子““Ireallyhopeyouseethatthesemega-brandsthateverybodyrespects,theyscrewuptoo,”WesttoldTheNewYorkTimes.”意為“韋斯特在接受《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示:“我真的希望你能看到，這些人人尊敬的大品牌也會(huì)搞砸?！薄庇纱丝芍瑂crewup意為“搞成一團(tuán)糟”。故選B。

2.

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Ihopethatmakesyoufeellessnervousaboutlearningsomethingnew.”（“我希望這能讓你在學(xué)習(xí)新東西時(shí)不那么緊張。”）”和文章第三段“West’sopinionisn’tanewone.AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,“Apersonwhonevermadeamistakenevertriedanythingnew.”AndthisideahasbeenembracedbylotsofcompaniesintheUS.（韋斯特的觀點(diǎn)并不新鮮。阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦曾經(jīng)說過:“一個(gè)從不犯錯(cuò)的人，從來沒有嘗試過任何新鮮事物。”這個(gè)想法已經(jīng)被很多美國公司所接受。）”可知，此處要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是要接受失敗，并接受新的事物?！癋ailfast,failoften.”意為“接受失敗，嘗試新事物”。故選B。

3.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Butsomepeoplearedoubtfulofthisso-called“cultureoffailure”.Theyareworriedthatiffailurebecomesa“symbolofhonor”,as

Wired

magazineputit,itmayevenbeseenas“uncool”whensomeonetriestoreducetheriskoffailure.（但有些人對(duì)這種所謂的“失敗文化”表示懷疑。正如《連線》雜志所言，他們擔(dān)心，如果失敗成為“榮譽(yù)的象征”，那么試圖降低失敗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的人甚至?xí)灰暈椤安豢帷?。）”可知，Wired雜志對(duì)失敗的文化表示懷疑。故選C。

4.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Learningistheonlyprocessthatturnsfailureintosuccess.”Westsaid

TheGuardian.”Ifyoudon’tlearnfromyourfailures,thenyou’vereallyfailed.”（“學(xué)習(xí)是從失敗走向成功的唯一過程。”韋斯特說。如果你不從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)，那你就真的失敗了?！保笨赏浦?，West認(rèn)為失敗的價(jià)值在于從中吸取教訓(xùn)。故選A。12~16.【答案】F、B、D、C、G【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。從三個(gè)方面就如何應(yīng)對(duì)緊張焦慮提供一些建議。

1.

上文“Feelingslikethesecansurfacewhenyoufaceachallenge.(當(dāng)你面臨挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，像這樣的感受會(huì)浮現(xiàn))”空格處是對(duì)面臨挑戰(zhàn)的進(jìn)一步舉例說明。F選項(xiàng)中的“beforetakingexams”和“faceachallenge”一致。是對(duì)上文的進(jìn)一步解釋說明。故選F。

2.

上文“Butpeoplewithagrowthmindsetknowtheycangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.(但是那些有成長思維方式的人知道他們可以做好一切，只要肯努力和練習(xí))”B選項(xiàng)中的that指代上文的“cangetbetteratjustabouteverything—witheffortandpractice.”這一切事情也包括應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮這件事。故選B。

3.

上文“Knowthatthesefeelingsarepartofthebody’snormalresponsetoachallenge.(知道那些感受是你的身體應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的正常反應(yīng)。)”和D選項(xiàng)中的They前后一致，they指代上文的“thesefeelings”這些感受是正常反應(yīng)是沒有害處的。故選D。

4.

下文“Instead,tellyourselfsomethingthatcouldhelpyoufacethemomentwithabitofcourage.It’sfacingtheanxietythathelpsyoumanageit.(反而要告訴你自己勇敢些能幫你面對(duì)這一瞬間.正是面對(duì)焦慮才能幫你應(yīng)對(duì)它。)”此空為小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文可知本段在表達(dá)要面對(duì)焦慮。C選項(xiàng)中的faceit和下文的要面對(duì)它保持一致。故選C。

5.

上文“Mostofall,ittakespracticeandwillingnesstofaceit.Itstartswithonesmallstep.(最重要的是，它需要練習(xí)以及愿意面對(duì)它。)”G選項(xiàng)的“Themoreyoupractice”練習(xí)的越多，越能戰(zhàn)勝焦慮，和上文保持一致。故選G。17~26.【答案】B、D、A、B、D、B、C、A、D、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者是如何在異國交到好朋友并且多年后重遇好友的。

1.

句意：上學(xué)的第一天，我很害怕，因?yàn)槲疑踔敛粫?huì)用英語打招呼。A.angry憤怒的；B.frightened害怕的；C.excited激動(dòng)的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)下文becauseIcouldn'tevensayhelloinEnglish可知作者是“害怕的”。故選B。

2.

句意：我們一句英語都不會(huì)說，只能通過肢體語言交流，但這并不能阻止我們成為好朋友。A.explore探索；B.improve改進(jìn)；C.study學(xué)習(xí)，研究；D.communicate溝通，交流。根據(jù)前文UnabletospeakawordofEnglish，可知是指只能使用肢體語言進(jìn)行交流，故選D。

3.

句意：我們一句英語都不會(huì)說，只能通過肢體語言交流，但這并不能阻止我們成為好朋友。A.friends朋友；B.roommates室友；C.advisers顧問；D.travellers旅行者。根據(jù)下文laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish可知是成為好朋友。故選A。

4.

句意：這是我第一次有足夠的信心說出我一整年所學(xué)的幾個(gè)單詞。A.shocked震驚的；B.confident有信心的；C.upset沮喪的；D.calm平靜的。根據(jù)上文laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish可知是“自信的”。故選B。

5.

句意：我們失去了聯(lián)系。A.heart心臟；B.hope希望；C.interest興趣，利息；D.touch聯(lián)系，觸摸。根據(jù)上文Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi'sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.可知是失去聯(lián)系。故選D。

6.

句意：我的許多學(xué)生都是日本人，這讓我想起了Natsumi。A.warned警告；B.reminded提醒；C.informed通知；D.freed釋放。remindsbofsth：使某人想起某事，符合句意。故選B。

7.

句意：在2018年訪問日本時(shí)，我再次嘗試。A.applied應(yīng)用；B.tracked跟蹤；C.tried嘗試；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)下文Having

spent

a

long

night

online,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi可知是“嘗試”。故選C。

8.

句意：第二天，有人回復(fù)：“加比？來自珀斯的加比？”A.reply回復(fù)，答復(fù)；B.tip小費(fèi)，建議；C.contact聯(lián)系；D.sign標(biāo)志。根據(jù)上文Trying

my

luck,I

sent

her

a

message.可知是“回復(fù)”。故選A。

9.

句意：再次見到她令人難以置信。A.awkward笨拙的；B.impossible不可能的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.unbelievable難以置信的。根據(jù)上下文可知，兩人重逢是令作者難以相信的，故選D。

10.

句意：然而，這一次，我們不僅能夠用英語交流，而且能夠流利地交流。A.honestly誠實(shí)地；B.peacefully和平地；C.fluently流利地；D.politely禮貌地。根據(jù)上文Years

later,I

went

into

training

as

a

teacher,teaching

English

to

newly-arrived

students

and

adults可知是“流利地”。故選C。27.【答案】【小題1】challenging【小題2】activities【小題3】but【解析】1.

考查形容詞。句意：Adam覺得適應(yīng)高中生活有點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)。此空應(yīng)填形容詞作賓補(bǔ)。challenging表“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”，為形容詞，符合句意。故填challenging。

2.

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：高中有很多課外活動(dòng)可供選擇。activity表“活動(dòng)”，為可數(shù)名詞，且由空前alotof可知，這里應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語。故填activities。

3.

考查連詞。句意：他試圖加入足球隊(duì)，但教練告訴他，他踢得不夠好。此空前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用并列連詞but表轉(zhuǎn)折。故填but。28.【答案】【小題1】willtake

【小題2】reaching【小題3】amazed【解析】1.

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：為期四天的徒步旅行將帶您穿過安第斯山脈，前往馬丘比丘市。此處為謂語動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合下文的“youwillhaveadaytoexplore…”可知，本文講述的是一次徒步旅行的計(jì)劃，所以此處應(yīng)使用一般將來時(shí)。故填willtake。

2.

考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：到達(dá)目的地后，您將有一天的時(shí)間來探索這座古老的城市，并為之驚嘆。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語，after為介詞，所以此處使用動(dòng)名詞reaching作賓語。故填reaching。

3.

考查形容詞。句意：到達(dá)目的地后，您將有一天的時(shí)間來探索這座古老的城市，并為之驚嘆。此處為形容詞作表語，amaze的形容詞amazed意為“驚訝的”符合句意。故填amazed。29.【答案】【小題1】ran

【小題2】closer【小題3】through【解析】1.

考查一般過去時(shí)。句意：有一次，兩只老虎從他身邊跑過，停在離他的卡車一米遠(yuǎn)的地方，開始打架。根據(jù)once（曾經(jīng)）可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，和下文的stopped以及began作為并列的謂語動(dòng)詞。故填ran。

2.

考查比較級(jí)。句意：還有一次在納米比亞，一只獅子更靠近了。在even后應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填closer。

3.

考查介詞。句意：然后它爬上車后面，透過窗戶看著他，這是他最快樂的時(shí)刻之一。根據(jù)“Itwentallthewayroundhistruck”（它一直繞著他的卡車）可知，這只獅子在車外面，所以此處是指透過窗戶看著他，應(yīng)用介詞through。故填through。30.【答案】【小題1】BecauseitwasMabry’s80thbirthday.Becausetheywantedtocelebratethe80thbirthdayforMabry.

【小題2】ThewriterusedthesentencesfromLoriGilreathtotellusthereasonwhyMabrywaslovedbysomanystudentsattheschool.

【小題3】Myteacheristhesunshineinmylife,becauseshealwayscomfortsmewhenIfeelfrustratedinlearning.ShehasbroughtwarmthtomylifeespeciallywhenImeetdifficulties.Withoutherencouragement,Icouldnotpullthroughthehardtimesinmylife.【解析】1.

考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“LastFriday,afterhearrivedattheschool,insteadoffindinggarbagetocleanup,hefoundalmost800studentsliningthehallwayswithhandmadecards,blowingnoisemakersandsingingafull-throatedhappybirthdaytohim.Itwashis80thbirthday.(上周五，當(dāng)他到達(dá)學(xué)校后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)近800名學(xué)生站在走廊兩旁，拿著手工制作的卡片，吹著哨子，大聲為他唱生日快樂。那天是他80歲生日。)”可知，上周