湖南省長沙市雅禮集團(tuán)2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題 含解析

雅禮教育集團(tuán)2024年下學(xué)期期中考試試卷高一英語時(shí)量：120分鐘分值：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthewomandothisSaturday?A.Gotothezoo.B.FlytoLondon.C.Seehersisteroff.2.WhatdoesthewomanwantJimtodo?A.Dothelaundry.B.Preparedinner.C.Repairamachine.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthedininghall.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthegym.4.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Adifficultquestion.B.Apieceofwriting.C.Aperson.5.Howdoesthemansound?A.Sorry.B.Disappointed.C.Understanding.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomaneat?A.Somespaghetti.B.Somechicken.C.Abeefsandwich.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Orderdishes.B.Callherdoctor.C.Eatanegg.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdidthewomanfinallydealwiththeemail?A.Sherepliedtoit.B.Sheshowedittothepolice.C.Shetooknonoticeofit.9.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodoatlast?A.AvoidusingpublicWi-Fi.B.Updateapplicationsintime.C.Usespecialpasswords.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.WhichschoolopenedthedoorforUldustostudyphotography?A.TheNorth-WestAcademyofPublicAdministration.B.CentralSaintMartins.C.LondonCollegeofFashion.11.WhatisthesubjectofmostofUldus’photographs?A.Escapism.B.Heroism.C.Individualism.12.WhatkindofpeopledoesUldusenjoyworkingwith?A.Thosewholiveacolorfullife.B.Thosewhoareverycreative.C.Thosewholeadatoughlife.13.WhatisUldus’attitudetowardsdigitaltechnology?A.Concerned.B.Disapproval.C.Supportive.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatanimalsarethespeakerslookingatinthebeginning?A.Somerabbits.B.Somesparrows.C.Somesquirrels.15.Howfarhavethespeakerswalked?A.Around1,000meters.B.Around700meters.C.Abound600meters.16.Whatdoesthemanregretdoing?A.Carryinglotsofthings.B.Climbingthemountain.C.Eatingtoomuch.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantogiveher?A.Somechocolates.B.Awaterbottle.C.Arubbishbag.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoweknowabouttheplayersintheVillageSuperLeague?A.Theyallcomefromthesameethnicgroup,B.Theyplaysoccerintheevening.C.Theyareprofessional.19.Whatdothecheerleadersdobeforeamatchstarts?A.Playsomeinstruments.B.Givedanceperformances.C.Singsomefolksongs.20.Whatisthespeakerwillingtodo?A.Writesomeemails.B.Offervisitorsbestpositions.C.Invitesomefriendstoafestival.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouliketheideaofbeingabletoreadmuchfaster,remembermoreeasily,andbeingmorecreative,thislistofTonyBuzan’sbooksmightbeinspirationaltogetyoustarted.StudySkillsHandbookThisbookdoesnotfocusonlyonreadingefficiencybutalsocoversthesubjectsofmemoryimprovementandmindmapping.Itisanabsolutemustforstudentsofallages.SpeedReadingThispopularbookexplainstheprinciplesofefficientreading.Itallowsyoutoimproveyourreadingandretention(記憶力)skillsimmediately.Thebookgetsrightdowntothepracticalmatteroflearningtoreadfastandrememberwhatyouhaveread.TheMindMapBookTheMindMapBookisaground-breakingworkonthebasicsofmindmappingsuitableforeveryoneandintroducesrevolutionarytechniquesforplanningandnote-taking.ItisoneofTonyBuzan’sbooksthathavetakentheworldbystorm,sellingmorethan250millioncopies.Thisguidewillteachyouhowtouseyourbrainproperlyandtomaximumeffectandadditionallycontainsnumerouspracticalexercises.UseYourHeadUseYourHeadisforthoseofyouthatfeelasifyouhavenotbeenabletoreachyourfullpotential.Inthisbook,TonyBuzanteachesyouhowtothinkandlearnfromallpossiblesourcesoflearning.Youwillalsoincreaseyourcreativityandyourproblem-solvingabilities.UseYourHeadhasbeentranslatedinto27differentlanguagesandisoneofthemostpopularandbest-sellingTonyBuzan’sbooksoneverycontinent.Youwillmostcertainlygainvaluableadviceonhowtoachieveyourmentalpotentialfully.1.Whichbookcanhelpstudentstakebetternotes?A.StudySkillsHandbook.B.TheMindMapBook.C.SpeedReading.D.UseYourHead.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookUseYourHead?A.Itoffersdifferentsourcesoflearning.B.Itisthebest-sellingbookoneverycontinent.C.Ithelpssolveproblemsindifferentlanguages.D.Itprovidestipsonreachingfullmentalpotential.3.Whatdothefourbooksmainlyfocuson?A.Learningmotivation. B.Dailylifeskills.C.Personaldevelopment. D.Memoryskills.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了TonyBuzan的有助于個(gè)人發(fā)展的幾本書籍?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheMindMapBook部分的“TheMindMapBookisaground-breakingworkonthebasicsofmindmappingsuitableforeveryoneandintroducesrevolutionarytechniquesforplanningandnote-taking.(《思維導(dǎo)圖書》是一本關(guān)于思維導(dǎo)圖基礎(chǔ)知識的開創(chuàng)性著作，適用于所有人，并介紹了制定計(jì)劃和記筆記的創(chuàng)新性技巧。)”可知TheMindMapBook可以幫助學(xué)生比較好地作筆記。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章UseYourHead部分的“Youwillmostcertainlygainvaluableadviceonhowtoachieveyourmentalpotentialfully.(你肯定會(huì)獲得關(guān)于如何充分發(fā)揮你的精神潛能的寶貴建議)”可知,UseYourHead這本書會(huì)給你提供充分發(fā)揮精神潛能的建議。故選D項(xiàng)。3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouliketheideaofbeingabletoreadmuchfaster,remembermoreeasily,andbeingmorecreative,thislistofTonyBuzan’sbooksmightbeinspirationaltogetyoustarted.(如果你喜歡讀得更快、記憶更容易、更有創(chuàng)造力的想法，托尼·布贊的書單可能會(huì)鼓舞你開始閱讀。)”可知這幾本書可以讓讀者讀得更快、記憶更容易、更有創(chuàng)造力，所以這幾本書關(guān)注的主要是個(gè)人的發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。BThefirsttimeIrealizedthatIhadaloveforsportscompetitionswasduringtheFieldDayinprimaryschool.Smallformyage,andmoreofabook-loverthanasports-lover,Ihadsufferedthatspecialhumiliationofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.TheFieldDay,whichfocusedonindividualskills,wasdifferent.IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Whenfallcame,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.OnceIgottosixthgradeandwenttoprivateschool,allthestudentswereaskedtojoinineithertheRedortheWhiteteam.Throughouttheyear,wefoughtagainsteachotherinvariousgamesandexercisesforpoints.IeventuallybecamepresidentofTheCommitteeofGames,speedingupmycompetitivefever.However,ingirls’sportsgamesatmyschool,Iwasnostar.Ialsoplayedonthefieldhockeyteamandthebasketballteam.Therewerenoschoolsportsattheweekends,astheydotoday,butathome,playingtennis,skating,skiingandbikingweresimplynormalthingswedid.Duringbreaktime,magazineswerealsoquitepopularforusteens.Theseregularlyfeaturedarticlesonphysicalexercise.Somehow,raycollegeroommateandItookupthehabitofcompletingRoyalCanadianAirForce(RCAF)exerciseseveryday,apracticethatcontinuedintomymarriage,whenwehadnosparefundstousetojoinagym.So,though,itshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundation(基礎(chǔ))developedinadulthoodintoasportsandhealthfocus,considerednecessaryevenonvacation.Istilllovereadingandthearts,too.Ithink,lifeistherichestwithmyfeetinbothworlds.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“humiliation”meaninparagraph1?A.Desire. B.Shame. C.Emotion. D.Regret.5.Intheauthor’sopinionwhatledtohervictoryintheSoftballThrowevent?A.Heradvancedsportsoutfits. B.Thesportstalentfromherfather.C.Thetrainingofferedbyherfather. D.Herconfidenceinhersportsability.6.Whathappenedaftertheauthorsteppedintoadulthood?A.Shecontinuedherloveforsports. B.Shepreferredreadingtoexercising.C.Shegenerallyexercisedonweekends. D.ShejoinedRoyalCanadianAirForce.7Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Toexpressherloveforsportsandhealth.B.Tostressthebenefitsofphysicalexercise.C.Todescribehowherfatherbuiltherinterestinsports.D.Tothinkbacktoherchildhoodmemoriesaboutsports.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是作者對體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛及其對作者的影響。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Smallformyage,andmoreofabook-loverthanasports-lover,Ihadsufferedthatspecial humiliation(就我的年齡而言，我身材矮小，更像是一個(gè)書呆子，而不是一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)愛好者，我遭受了這種特殊的humiliation)”和“ofbeingpickedlastforvariousgymteams.(各種體操隊(duì)的最后一名)”可知，作者曾遭受過一種特別的羞辱，在各種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)中，作者都是最后一個(gè)被選中的。所以humiliation的意思為“恥辱”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IntheSoftballThrowevent,Igotmyfirsttasteofsportingvictory.Creditgoestotheexampleofmyfirstcoach,myfather.Heliftedweightseverymorningathome.Heboughtusallbaseballglovesandhats,andinthewarmmonths,wespenthoursplayingcatch.Whenfallcame,ourbackyardfootballgamesbeganwithpassingpractice.(在壘球比賽中，我第一次嘗到了體育勝利的滋味。這要?dú)w功于我的第一個(gè)教練，我的父親。他每天早上在家舉重。他給我們每個(gè)人都買了棒球手套和帽子，在溫暖的月份里，我們花幾個(gè)小時(shí)玩接球游戲。秋天來臨時(shí)，我們的后院足球比賽開始于傳球練習(xí)。)”可知，作者把她在壘球比賽中的勝利歸功于她父親的指導(dǎo)和培訓(xùn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“So,though,itshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationdevelopedinadulthoodintoasportsandhealthfocus,considerednecessaryevenonvacation.(因此，盡管這讓我們的一些朋友感到震驚，但早期的基礎(chǔ)在成年后發(fā)展成為運(yùn)動(dòng)和健康的重點(diǎn)，甚至在度假時(shí)也被認(rèn)為是必要的。)”可知，作者成年后保持了對運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)最后一段中“So,though,itshockssomeofourfriends,thatearlyfoundationdevelopedinadulthoodintoasportsandhealthfocus,considerednecessaryevenonvacation.(因此，盡管這讓我們的一些朋友感到震驚，但早期的基礎(chǔ)在成年后發(fā)展成為運(yùn)動(dòng)和健康的重點(diǎn)，甚至在度假時(shí)也被認(rèn)為是必要的。)”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是表達(dá)她對運(yùn)動(dòng)和健身的熱情。故選A。CDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction(干擾)inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus.”Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout(布局).ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhismethodworks.Theresearchexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipants(參與者)astheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupswithvariouslevelsofnoiseinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分貝),70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupsweresosmallthattheycouldbeignored;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—wheretherewasalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchattinginacoffeeshop—performedbetterthantheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowork,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof“distractedfocus”appearstobethebestforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan’tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-facecommunicationsandconversationsinfluencethecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.8.Whydoesthewritermentionhisinterviewatthestartofthepassage?A.Toadvertiseforoneofhisnewbooks.B.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C.Toshowhisconfusionabouttheinterview’sactions.D.Toexpresstheinterviewer’sannoyanceoverhisopenoffice.9.WhatdoesParagraph2tellusabouttheresearch?A.Theoryoftheresearch. B.Placeoftheresearch.C.Resultsoftheresearch. D.Methodoftheresearch.10.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A.85decibels. B.70decibels.C.50decibels. D.Totalsilence.11.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A.Constantinterruptions. B.Limitedworkingspace.C.Personalprivacyunprotected. D.Inconvenienceofgroupdiscussion.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了開放式辦公室不受歡迎的原因和噪音分貝對人們影響。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段中作者講述了一位采訪者告訴作者，他深受開放性辦公室噪音的干擾，以至于不得不在街對面的聯(lián)合辦公空間辦了會(huì)員。這讓作者感到不解。畢竟，聯(lián)合辦公空間通常也采用開放式辦公布局。下文作者用他最近看到的一項(xiàng)研究解釋說明了其原因。由此推知，作者在文章的開頭提到他的采訪是為了引出本文的話題。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearchexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipants(參與者)astheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupswithvariouslevelsofnoiseinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels(分貝),70decibels,and85decibels.(研究人員在參與者完成創(chuàng)造性思維測試時(shí)，對他們進(jìn)行了不同程度的噪音測試。他們被隨機(jī)分為四組，放在不同的背景噪音水平下。噪音水平從完全安靜到50分貝、70分貝和85分貝)”可知，第二段主要介紹了研究的方法。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—wheretherewasalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchattinginacoffeeshop—performedbetterthantheothergroups.(然而，70分貝組的參與者表現(xiàn)得比其他組更好，他們的噪音水平類似于咖啡店里的聊天背景聲)”和第四段“Thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveone’screativethinkingability.(該研究還表明，適當(dāng)程度的背景噪音——不要太吵，也不要完全沉默——實(shí)際上可能提高一個(gè)人的創(chuàng)造性思維能力)”可知，70分貝的那組參與者表現(xiàn)好于其他組，所以70分貝的噪音背景環(huán)境更有可能促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造性思維能力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan’tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.(那么，為什么這么多人討厭開放式辦公室呢？問題可能在于，在辦公室里，當(dāng)我們試圖集中注意力時(shí)，我們無法阻止自己被卷入別人的談話中)”可知，不斷的被打擾讓很多人不喜歡開放式辦公室。故選A項(xiàng)。DAstheextremeheatwavesnowaffectingpartsofEurope,AsiaandtheUSmakeclear,homesinanyareaofthewouldbadlyneedtobechangedtohelpdealwithahotterclimate.Thequickest,simplestsolutionistoequip(安裝)airconditioning.Butthiswouldleadtoahugeincreaseinelectricitydemand,researcherswarn,drivingfurtherclimatechange.“Ifourhomesareoverheatedandthefirstsolutionthatweruntoisairconditioners,thatisgoingtodryupourenergysystems,”saidMiranda,aresearcherfromOxfordUniversity.Agreenersolutionwouldbetodevelop“passivecooling”technologies,whichdon’trequirelargeenergyinputs.BertieOzarisoyfromMiddleEastTechnicalUniversityfoundaspecialhomebuiltin2015,Userhuus,hada“severeoverheatingrisk”duringthesummer.Usingcomputermodelsofthehouse,hefoundthataddingawindcatcherwasthemosteffectiveforreducingindoortemperatures.Windcatchersgetthecoolerwindfromhighabovethegroundanddirectitintothebuilding,pushingoutthewarmerairinsidethehouse.However,althoughwindcatcherscouldbeeasytofittonewhomes,equippingthemislikelytobeexpensive.Furtherresearchshowedthatopeningwindowsatnightandpullingdownshadesduringthedaycanlowerindoorairtemperaturesby14Cduringaheatwave.“Mostheatinahomecomesfromtwosources;first,peopleandequipmenttheyuse,andsecond,solarheatgainthroughwindows.”SaysBertie.“Hotoutsideairisactuallyaverysmallsource.”“Theimportantthingistoopenuptheentirehouseatnight,toopenthewindowsassoonasoutdoorairiscoolerthanindoorair,andtoleavethemopenallnightuntilthenextmorning.Closethemonlywhentheoutdoorairtemperaturerises.”headded.Blockingsunlightfromenteringthehomeisthereforeaneffectivewaytokeeptemperaturesundercontrol.12.WhatisMiranda’sattitudetowardsequippingairconditioning?A.Uncaring. B.Positive. C.Objective. D.Unfavorable.13.Whatmightbeadisadvantageofawindcatcher?A.Itshighcost. B.Itspooreffect.C.Itsuglydesign. D.Itsequippingproblem.14.AccordingtoBertieOzarisoy,mostheatinahomecomesfrom__________.A.hotoutsideair B.people’sactivitiesC.air-conditioningsystem D.poorly-designedwindows15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.SourcesofHeat B.ReasonsforHeatwavesC.HowtoKeepHomesCool D.HowtoEquipAirConditioners【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是應(yīng)對極端熱浪的氣候可以采取的一些方法和措施。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的““Ifourhomesareoverheatedandthefirstsolutionthatweruntoisairconditioners,thatisgoingtodryupourenergysystems,”saidMiranda,aresearcherfromOxfordUniversity.(牛津大學(xué)的研究人員Miranda說：“如果我們的房子過熱，我們首先想到的解決辦法就是空調(diào)，這將使我們的能源系統(tǒng)枯竭。”)”可知，Miranda認(rèn)為安裝空調(diào)來解決房子過熱的方法會(huì)是的我們的能源系統(tǒng)枯竭，由此可知，Miranda對安裝空調(diào)持反對的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,althoughwindcatcherscouldbeeasytofittonewhomes,equippingthemislikelytobeexpensive.(然而，盡管風(fēng)收集器可以很容易地安裝到新家庭中，但裝備它們可能很昂貴。)”可知，風(fēng)收集器很容易安裝到新家庭中，但是安裝他們可能很昂貴，由此可知，風(fēng)收集器的缺點(diǎn)是太昂貴。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的““Mostheatinahomecomesfromtwosources;first,peopleandequipmenttheyuse,andsecond,solarheatgainthroughwindows.”SaysBertie.“Hotoutsideairisactuallyaverysmallsource.”(“家里的大部分熱量來自兩個(gè)來源;首先是人和他們使用的設(shè)備，其次是通過窗戶獲得的太陽熱量?！盉ertie說。“外部熱空氣實(shí)際上是一個(gè)很小的來源?！?”可知，家里的部分熱量來自于人和他們使用的設(shè)備以及窗戶獲取的太陽熱量，由此可知，家中大部分的熱量來自于人們的活動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“AstheextremeheatwavesnowaffectingpartsofEurope,AsiaandtheUSmakeclear,homesinanyareaofthewouldbadlyneedtobechangedtohelpdealwithahotterclimate.(極端熱浪正在影響歐洲、亞洲和美國的部分地區(qū)，這清楚地表明，全球任何地區(qū)的房屋都迫切需要進(jìn)行改造，以幫助應(yīng)對更熱的氣候。)”可知，極端熱浪影響著很多地區(qū)，提出需要改進(jìn)房屋以幫助應(yīng)對更熱的氣候，結(jié)合第二段中的“Thequickest,simplestsolutionistoequip(安裝)airconditioning.(最快、最簡單的解決辦法是安裝空調(diào)。)”、第三段中的“Agreenersolutionwouldbetodevelop“passivecooling”technologies,whichdon’trequirelargeenergyinputs.(更環(huán)保的解決方案是開發(fā)“被動(dòng)冷卻”技術(shù)，這種技術(shù)不需要大量的能源投入。)”和第四段中的“Furtherresearchshowedthatopeningwindowsatnightandpullingdownshadesduringthedaycanlowerindoorairtemperaturesby14Cduringaheatwave.(進(jìn)一步的研究表明，在熱浪來襲時(shí)，晚上打開窗戶，白天拉下窗簾可以使室內(nèi)氣溫降低14攝氏度。)”以及尾段中的“Blockingsunlightfromenteringthehomeisthereforeaneffectivewaytokeeptemperaturesundercontrol.(因此，阻擋陽光進(jìn)入室內(nèi)是控制溫度的有效方法。)”可知，本文分別介紹了通過安裝空調(diào)、發(fā)展更環(huán)保的“被動(dòng)冷卻”技術(shù)、晚上開窗的方式和阻擋陽光進(jìn)入室內(nèi)來控制溫度的方法，由此可知，本文主要介紹的是空時(shí)室內(nèi)溫度的方法，所以題目“如何讓家里保持涼爽”與本文的主題一致，可以作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Smartwatchesandfitnesstrackers(健身追蹤器)havegainedpopularityrecently.Thesetoolscanrecordyourdailysteps,heartrates,etc.____16____.Ifyes,itmightbeasignthatyou’readdictedtoyourfitnesstracker.____17____.Ifyoukeepsettingunrealisticdailygoalsthatinvolveworkingoutfortoolong,andifyoubegintoignorefriendsandresponsibilitiestomaketimeforyourworkout,thenyou’remostprobablyaddictedtoyourfitnesstracker.It’sastruggletoovercometheaddictiontofitnesstrackers.____18____.Forexample,thenumberinyoursmartwatchshowinghowfaryou’vecomecangiveyouasenseofachievement.Ofcourse,failingtomeetyourdailygoalcanbediscouraging.Youmightfocusonyourshortcomingratherthanyourprogress.Anotherproblemisthatyoumightfindyourselfpayingtoomuchattentiontothestepnumberratherthanhowyourbodyfeels.____19____.Therefore,ifyou’respendingtoomuchtimelookingatyoursmartwatch,limityourdailystepcounttoacomfortablelevel.____20____.Forexample,concentratingonyourhobbiesorsocializingwithfriendscanbeagreatwaytokeepyourmindonotherthings.A.Howcanyoutellwhetheryou’readdictedtoyourfitnesstracker?B.Actuallythisaddictiontostepcountcanberisky,mentallyandphysically.C.Don’toveruseyoursmartwatch.D.However,doyoufindyourselfcheckingyourstepsandheartratestoooften?E.Afterall,reachingadailystepcountcanbesoappealing.F.Besides,youcanfindotherthingstodothatdon’tinvolvecheckingyourfitnesstracker.G.Itdoesn’tcoveywhatyou’rereallyfeeling.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)菀讓∩碜粉櫰魃习a，并建議人們戒除對這些健身追蹤器的上癮?！?6題詳解】由下文“Ifyes,itmightbeasignthatyou’readdictedtoyourfitnesstracker.(如果是，這可能表明你對健身追蹤器上癮了)”可判斷，空處為一般疑問句，且和對健身追蹤器上癮相關(guān)可知，D選項(xiàng)“然而，你是否發(fā)現(xiàn)自己過于頻繁地檢查步伐和心率？”切合語境，選項(xiàng)與下文內(nèi)容一致，且為一般疑問句，與下文“yes”形成一致。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由下文“Ifyoukeepsettingunrealisticdailygoalsthatinvolveworkingoutfortoolong,andifyoubegintoignorefriendsandresponsibilitiestomaketimeforyourworkout,thenyou’remostprobablyaddictedtoyourfitnesstracker.(如果你一直設(shè)定不切實(shí)際的日常目標(biāo)，包括鍛煉太久，如果你開始忽略朋友和責(zé)任來騰出時(shí)間鍛煉，那么你很可能對健身追蹤器上癮了)”可知，下文舉例說明如何判斷自己對健身追蹤器上癮，由此推知空處提問“如何判斷自己對健身追蹤器上癮”。A選項(xiàng)“你如何判斷自己是否對健身追蹤器上癮？”切合語境，選項(xiàng)與下文內(nèi)容一致，為本段主要內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由下文“Forexample,thenumberinyoursmartwatchshowinghowfaryou’vecomecangiveyouasenseofachievement.(例如，智能手表上顯示你已經(jīng)走了多遠(yuǎn)的數(shù)字可以給你一種成就感)”可知，下文指的是用智能手表查看走了多遠(yuǎn)的步數(shù)會(huì)給你成就感，由此可推斷，空處和查看每天走多少步相關(guān)，E選項(xiàng)“畢竟，達(dá)到每天的步數(shù)是很有吸引力的?！鼻泻险Z境。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】由上文“Youmightfocusonyourshortcomingratherthanyourprogress.Anotherproblemisthatyoumightfindyourselfpayingtoomuchattentiontothestepnumberratherthanhowyourbodyfeels.(你可能會(huì)關(guān)注自己的缺點(diǎn)而不是進(jìn)步。另一個(gè)問題是，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己過于關(guān)注步數(shù)，而不是身體的感覺)”可知，上文講述的是關(guān)注步數(shù)帶來的缺點(diǎn)或問題，B選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，這種對計(jì)算步數(shù)的上癮在精神上和身體上都是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的?！鼻泻险Z境，選項(xiàng)是上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，指的是對步數(shù)的上癮從精神到身體都是有害的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】由下文“Forexample,concentratingonyourhobbiesorsocializingwithfriendscanbeagreatwaytokeepyourmindonotherthings.(例如，專注于你的愛好或與朋友社交是讓你專注于其他事情的好方法)”可知，下文建議我們做一些與健身追蹤器無關(guān)的事情，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“此外，你可以找其他事情做，而不需要檢查你的健身追蹤器?！鼻泻险Z境，選項(xiàng)引出下文舉出“人們做一些與檢查健身追蹤器無關(guān)的事情”的例子。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwashavingahardtimetryingtofindwork.Theeconomyinourareawasinpretty___21___shape.AndIwas___22___forwhattodonextwhenIansweredtheonline___23___.NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(使裂開)wood.Idrovetotheaddressandthereonthefrontfieldwasahuge___24___elmtreeblownbystrongwinds.Anoldladywassitting___25___atthedoor.We___26___on$150todothejob.TheoldelmtreewastougherthanIhad___27___.Mychainsaw(鏈鋸)cutitfinebutwhenItriedtosplitit,mychainsawwas___28___.SoIhadtoborrowawoodsplitterfromherneighbour.Imanagedtofinishthetaskatdusk.Asshelookedatthehugepileofwoodonthelawn,an___29___expressionworkeditswayacrossherface.Sheinvitedmeinfor___30___.Withtearsbuildingupinhereyes,she___31___measandwichandsaid,“Iamsorry...the$150Ipromisedtopayyouisgoing___32___.Ihaditinmypursebutitisnowheretobefound.Thatiswhat___33___moneyIhavesavedforhalfayear.”Seeingherhomewasnot___34___,IrealizedshewashavingahardshipworsethanI.Icomfortedherandthen___35___whatwouldfitintoherwoodstorageroom.OnthewayhomeIthoughttomyself,“ItIsWhatItIs.”21.A.rough B.unique C.different D.active22.A.atatime B.ataloss C.inaway D.inthemood23.A.course B.platform C.advertisement D.activity24.A.growing B.upstanding C.beautiful D.fallen25.A.helplessly B.happily C.thoughtfully D.directly26.A.insisted B.agreed C.looked D.depended27.A.expected B.mentioned C.remembered D.experienced28.A.unusual B.sharp C.useless D.faultless29.A.astonished B.annoyed C.unhappy D.anxious30.A.breath B.dinner C.tea D.money31.A.served B.returned C.owed D.bought32.A.fast B.short C.missing D.shopping33.A.extra B.remaining C.much D.little34.A.attractive B.old-fashioned C.wealthy D.secure35.A.piled B.changed C.backed D.broke【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在網(wǎng)上接到一個(gè)被大風(fēng)吹倒的大樹需要伐木的生意，作者伐完木之后，老婦人積攢了半年并答應(yīng)作者應(yīng)付的150美元不見了?？吹嚼蠇D人不太富裕的家庭現(xiàn)狀，作者在沒領(lǐng)到工錢的情況下，還幫她收拾了木柴。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況相當(dāng)糟糕。A.rough艱難的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.different不同的；D.active積極的。根據(jù)上文“Iwashavingahardtimetryingtofindwork.”可知，作者找工作有困難，說明當(dāng)時(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況是“艱難的”。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我在網(wǎng)上回復(fù)廣告時(shí)，我不知道下一步該做什么。A.atatime一次；B.ataloss不知所措；C.inaway以某種方式；D.inthemood心情好。根據(jù)下文的“whattodonext”可知，此處是指對下一步該做什么感到“不知所措”。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.course課程；B.platform平臺；C.advertisement廣告；D.activity活動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(使裂開)wood.”可知，此處是指網(wǎng)上的招工“廣告”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開車到那個(gè)地址，在前面的田地里有一棵被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹倒的巨大榆樹。A.growing增長的；B.upstanding正直的；C.beautiful美麗的；D.fallen倒下的。根據(jù)下文“blownbystrongwinds”可知，此處是指被風(fēng)吹“倒下的”樹。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一位老婦人無助地坐在門口。A.helplessly無助地；B.happily高興地；C.thoughtfully體貼地；D.directly直接地。根據(jù)上文“NEEDED:someonetocutandsplit(使裂開)wood.”以及“thereonthefrontfieldwasahuge___4___

elmtreeblownbystrongwinds”可知，被風(fēng)刮倒的大樹老婦人無法處理，只好等廣告找人處理，此處指作者到達(dá)時(shí)老人正“無助地”坐在門口。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們同意付150美元來做這項(xiàng)工作。A.insisted堅(jiān)持；B.agreed同意；C.looked看；D.depended依賴，依靠。根據(jù)下文“Iamsorry...the$150Ipromisedtopayyou”可知，此處是指作者和老人就勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬達(dá)成一致意見，老人付150美元讓作者來做這項(xiàng)工作。agreeon“達(dá)成一致意見”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這棵老榆樹比我想象的要堅(jiān)韌。A.expected期望，預(yù)計(jì)；B.mentioned提到；C.remembered記得；D.experienced經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“SoIhadtoborrowawoodsplitterfromherneighbour.”可知，作者不得不借劈柴器，說明老榆樹比作者之前“預(yù)計(jì)”的要結(jié)實(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的鏈鋸切得很好，但當(dāng)我想把它劈開時(shí)，我的鏈鋸就沒用了。A.unusual不尋常的；B.sharp鋒利的；C.useless無用的；D.faultless無缺點(diǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“SoIhadtoborrowawoodsplitterfromherneighbour.”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指當(dāng)要把樹劈開時(shí)作者的鏈鋸“沒用”了，所以不得不借劈柴器。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她看著草坪上那堆巨大的木頭時(shí)，一種焦慮的表情掠過她的臉上。A.astonished震驚的；B.annoyed惱怒的；C.unhappy不高興的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)下文“ Withtearsbuildingupinhereyes,she

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measandwichandsaid,Iamsorry...the$150Ipromisedtopayyouisgoing___12___.”可知，老婦人的錢應(yīng)該是出了問題，所以當(dāng)看到已被處理好的巨大的一堆木頭時(shí)，臉上出現(xiàn)“焦慮的”表情。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她請我進(jìn)去吃晚飯。A.breath呼吸；B.dinner晚餐；C.tea茶；D.money金錢。根據(jù)上文“Imanagedtofinishthetaskatdusk.”以及下文“she

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measandwichandsaid”可知，作者在黃昏時(shí)完成了任務(wù)，老婦人請作者吃“晚飯”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她眼里含著淚水，遞給我一個(gè)三明治，說：“對不起……我答應(yīng)付給你的150美元不見了。A.served(給某人)提供，端上；B.returned歸還；C.owed欠；D.bought買。根據(jù)上文第10題和空后的“measandwich”可知，此處是指老婦人請作者吃晚飯，端上三明治來招待作者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.fast迅速的；B.short短暫的；C.missing丟失的；D.shopping購物。根據(jù)下文“Ihaditinmypursebutitisnowheretobefound.”可知，此處指老婦人的150美元“不見了”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我半年來存的一點(diǎn)錢。A.extra額外的；B.remaining剩下的；C.much許多；D.little很少的、一點(diǎn)兒。根據(jù)上文“the$150Ipromisedtopayyouisgoing

___12___.”以及下文“Ihavesavedforhalfayear”可知，這150美元是老婦人半年來積攢的“一點(diǎn)”錢。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到她家并不富裕，我意識到她比我更困難。A.attractive吸引人的；B.old-fashioned過時(shí)的；C.wealthy富有的；D.secure穩(wěn)固的，安全的。根據(jù)上文“Thatiswhat

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moneyIhavesavedforhalfayear.”以及下文“IrealizedshewashavingahardshipworsethanI.”可知，老婦人家并不“富?！?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我安慰了她，然后把能放進(jìn)她的木材儲(chǔ)藏室的東西堆了起來。A.piled堆積；B.changed改變；C.backed(使)后退；D.broke打碎。根據(jù)下文“whatw