海南省省直轄縣級(jí)行政單位2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1海南省省直轄縣級(jí)行政單位2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atnight.B．Inthemorning.C．Intheafternoon.2．Wherewasthewomanlastnight?A．Inapark.B．Atahospital.C．Athome.3．WhatshouldBettydoaccordingtotheman?A．Eatseafood.B．Haveagoodrest.C．Exercisemore.4．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inabank.B．Inarestaurant.C．Inasupermarket.5．Atwhattimewillthespeakersmeet?A．4:40.B．5:10.C．5:20.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatwillthemando?A．Openthewindows.B．Tidythethings.C．Cleanthefloor.7．Howwillthewomandealwiththeoldthings?A．Bydonatingthem.B．Byputtingtheminthecupboard.C．Bythrowingthemaway.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatdoesthemansayaboutnewspapers?A．They’reuseful.B．They’reoutoffashion.C．Noonereadsthemnow.9．Howoftendoesthemanbuymagazines?A．Onceaweek.B．Onceamonth.C．Onceayear.10．Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A．Readingmagazinesinacafe.B．Readingbooksaboutfashion.C．Readingbooksinthesunnyafternoon.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．What’sthemostimportantasadesigneraccordingtotheman?A．Beingcreative.B．Beingsmart.C．Beinghard-working.12．Whatdidthemanwanttobewhenhewasachild?A．Adesigner.B．Adoctor.C．Apilot.13．Whatwillthemantalkaboutnext?A．Waystofindjobs.B．Skillsnewemployeesneed.C．Thepresentworkingconditions.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．WhydoesthewomanrecommendLucy’sCafe?A．It’sverycheap.B．It’sanewrestaurant.C．Ithasawiderangeoffoods.15．Inwhichplacecanpeopleenjoyapleasantviewoftheriver?A．FoodBox.B．Lucy’sCafe.C．OldMill.16．WhatisaspecialtyofFoodBox?A．Coffee.B．Meat.C．Mushroomsoup.17．WhatisaproblemforpeoplewhowanttoeatattheFourSeasons?A．Parkingisdifficult.B．Theneighborhoodisbad.C．Theserviceisverypoor.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whattimedidtheexaminerleave?A．At10:55.B．At11:00.C．At11:05.19．Whydidtheexaminerleave?A．Heforgotthepaperwork.B．Hehadtogosomewhereelse.C．Hehadfinishedhiswork.20．Whatdoesthespeakerintendtotellthelistenerstodo?A．Beprepared.B．Trytobeontime.C．Neverfearfailure.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABesidesMarieCurie,thesewomendevotedtheirlivestoscienceandmadesignificantadvances.CarolineHerschel(1750—1848)Herschelwasill-treatedbyherparentsinHanoveruntilherolderbrother,William,broughthertoEnglandin1772torunhishouseholdinBath.Later,herbrotherswitchedcareersfromsingingandwentintoastronomy.Carolinefollowed.Inadditiontoassistingherbrotherinhisobservationsandinthebuildingoftelescopes,Carolinebecameabrilliantastronomerinherownright.Shewasthefirstwomantodiscoveracomet(shediscoveredeightintotal)andthefirsttohaveherworkpublishedbytheRoyalSociety.BarbaraMcClintock(1902—1992)WhilestudyingbotanyatCornellUniversityinthe1920s,BarbaraMcClintockgotherfirsttasteofgeneticsandwashooked.ShecontinuedherresearchatuniversitiesinCalifornia,MissouriandGermanybeforefindingapermanenthomeatColdSpringHarborinNewYork.Itwastherethat,afterobservingthepatternsofcolorationof;cornkernelsovergenerationsofplants,shedeterminedthatgenescouldmovewithinandbetweenchromosomes.McClintockwasawardedaLaskerPrizein1981andNobelPrizein1983.MariaGoeppertMayer(1906—1972)AGermanimmigranttotheUSwhostudiedatJohnsHopkinsduringtheGreatDepression,MariaGoeppertMayer,bornin1906,continuedherstudiesevenwhennouniversitywouldemployherandwentontobecomeachemicalphysicist.Hermostfamouscontributiontomodernphysicsisdiscoveringthenuclearshelloftheatomicnucleus,forwhichshewontheNobelPrizein1963.ShewasthesecondwomantowinaNobelPrize,afterMarieCurie.1.WhomightCarolineHerschelbemostgratefultoforherachievementsinastronomy?A.Herparents. B.Herbrother.C.TheRoyalSociety. D.Astronomersofhertime.2.HowdidBarbaraMcClintockdrawthefinalconclusion?A.Bytastingcornkernels. B.Bymakingroughguesses.C.Bymakingcarefulobservations. D.Byresearchingatuniversities.3.WhowasthefirstwomanNobelPrizewinner?A.CarolineHerschel. B.BarbaraMcClintock.C.MariaGoeppertMayer. D.MarieCurie.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)界三位偉大的女性以及她們所做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)和成就。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Herschelwasill-treatedbyherparentsinHanoveruntilherolderbrother,William,broughthertoEnglandin1772torunhishouseholdinBath.Later,herbrotherswitchedcareersfromsingingandwentintoastronomy.Carolinefollowed.Inadditiontoassistingherbrotherinhisobservationsandinthebuildingoftelescopes,Carolinebecameabrilliantastronomerinherownright.(Herschel在漢諾威受到父母的虐待，直到她的哥哥William在1772年把她帶到英國(guó)，在巴斯經(jīng)營(yíng)他的家庭。后來，她的哥哥改變了職業(yè)，不再唱歌，而是進(jìn)入了天文學(xué)領(lǐng)域。Caroline緊隨其后。除了協(xié)助她哥哥進(jìn)行觀測(cè)和建造望遠(yuǎn)鏡外，Caroline自己也成為一名出色的天文學(xué)家)”可知，CarolineHerschel在天文學(xué)方面的成就可能最要感謝她的哥哥。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BarbaraMcClintock部分中“Itwastherethat,afterobservingthepatternsofcolorationof;cornkernelsovergenerationsofplants,shedeterminedthatgenescouldmovewithinandbetweenchromosomes.(就是在那里，在觀察了它的顏色模式之后；經(jīng)過幾代植物的玉米粒，她確定基因可以在染色體內(nèi)部和染色體之間移動(dòng))”可知，BarbaraMcClintock是通過觀察幾代玉米粒的著色規(guī)律而得出最終結(jié)論的。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MariaGoeppertMayer部分中“ShewasthesecondwomantowinaNobelPrize,afterMarieCurie.(她是繼居里夫人之后第二位獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的女性)”可知，居里夫人是第一個(gè)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的女性。故選D。BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A.Scared. B.Puzzled.C.Disappointed. D.Surprised.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.Hewasawesternjournalist. B.HehadaknowledgeofChina.C.HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D.HewasJosephRock’sacquaintance.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theyhonoredtheancestors. B.Theysetoffinhighspirits.C.Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter’swritingthetext?A.Toshareandreflectonajourney. B.Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C.Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D.TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者住在云南喜洲，這在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，他遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游地球的保羅?薩洛佩科，于是決定陪保羅在云南徒步旅行，本文描寫了他們一路上的見聞和感悟。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承認(rèn)，當(dāng)我第一次聽說保羅?薩洛佩科要用自己的雙腳環(huán)游整個(gè)地球時(shí)，我被震撼了。我無法想象世界上會(huì)有這樣一個(gè)不尋常的人。)”可推知，作者最初對(duì)保羅的旅行計(jì)劃感到吃驚。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(他興奮地跟我講起我所在的中國(guó)地區(qū)的歷史、移民和發(fā)現(xiàn)。他談到了南方絲綢之路——蜀身毒道，17世紀(jì)中國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家徐霞客的旅行，茶馬古道，以及20世紀(jì)初美國(guó)植物學(xué)家約瑟夫?洛克。他還談到了玄奘。保羅認(rèn)為其中許多人都是英雄，從某種意義上說，他們是中國(guó)慢新聞的先驅(qū)。)”可推知，保羅?薩洛佩科對(duì)中國(guó)有一定的了解。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我們?cè)诼飞嫌龅搅嗽S多人。有些人很好奇，圍著我們，看著我們；有人給我們指路；有些人邀請(qǐng)我們?nèi)ニ麄兗倚菹ⅲ灰恍┤苏劦搅思亦l(xiāng)的魅力。我們遇見了許多美麗的靈魂、樸素的靈魂和溫暖的靈魂。我們?cè)谟梦覀兊乃枷胄凶摺?”可知，第四段主要說明了作者和保羅遇到了形形色色的人，他們與人們建立了聯(lián)系。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.(回顧我和保羅一起走過的200多英里，我有了一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)。為步行而步行，雖然健康和令人欽佩，但只是用我們雙腳移動(dòng)的一小部分好處。更深層次的回報(bào)是重新發(fā)現(xiàn)我們周圍的世界，縮短彼此之間的距離，分享彼此的文化。)”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要講述了作者住在云南喜洲，這里在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，他遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游地球的保羅?薩洛佩科，于是決定陪保羅去云南，文章描述了他們路上的見聞和感悟。由此可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顧一段旅程。故選A。CDoyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.“ButI’mjustakid”,youmightbe!Don’tworryaboutalittlethinglikeage.Forexample,onefamousinventor,BenjaminFranklin,gothisstartwhenhewasonly12.Atthatyoungage,hecreatedpaddlesforhishandstohelphimswimfaster.Finallyhiscreationledtowhatweknowiscalledflippers!Soyoudon’thavetobeadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentyof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhavewhatisagreatideaforaninvention?Talktoafriendorfamilymemberaboutit.Getinputfromothersaboutyouridea.Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—calledaprototype(原型)ofyouridea.Onceyouhaveaprototype,youcantestit.Sometimesyourideaturnsouttobenotasgreatasyouthought.Atothertimes,though,yourealizeitisagoodideaandyourprototypecanhelpyoufigureouthowtomakeitevenbetter.Ifyourideaisreallyagoodone,anadultcanhelpyoucontactcompaniesthatmightbeinterestedinit.Youwillalsowantanadult’shelptogetapatentforyouridea,sothatitisprotectedandcan’tbestolenbysomeoneelse.Ifyouneedsomeinspiration,considerthesekidsandtheirinventions.JeanieLowinventedtheKiddieStoolwhenshewasjust11.It’safoldingstoolthatfitsunderthekitchensink.Kidscanunfolditanduseittoreachthesinkallbythemselves.Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.ChelseaLanmonreceivedapatentwhenshewasjust8forthe“pocketdiaper(尿布)”,anewtypeofdiaperthatincludesapocketforholdingbabywipesandpowder.8.Bysaying“ButI’mjustakid”,youprobablymeanyou_______.A.aretooyoungtoachieveanythingB.candoanythingthoughyouareyoungC.areoldenoughtobecomeaninventorD.havetolearnknowledgefromotherpeople9.Kidsaremostlikelytobeinventorsprobablybecausethey__________.A.wouldliketomakefriendswithothersB.usuallyworkhardattheirlessonsatschoolC.likeplayingallkindsoftoysathomeD.thinkaboutthingsinquitedifferentways10.Whoinventedsomethingthathelpstheblindtoread?A.JeannieLow.B.BenjaminFranklin.C.ChelseaLanmon.D.LouisBraille.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethemainideaofthispassage?A.Kidshavecuriosityandimagination.B.Therearesomeworldfamousinventors.C.Itispossibleforkidstobeinventors.D.Kidsareexactlylikeadultsinaway.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是孩子們也有可能成為發(fā)明家，以及孩子們?nèi)绾尾拍馨炎约旱南敕ㄗ優(yōu)榘l(fā)明。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段關(guān)鍵句“Doyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.”（你有想象力嗎？你喜歡解決問題嗎？你能嗎？如果是這樣，你可能會(huì)成為下一個(gè)偉大的發(fā)明家。）可知，第一段闡述的是如果你有想象力且喜歡解決問題，你有可能會(huì)成為發(fā)明家。“ButI’mjustakid”字面意思是“但我只是個(gè)孩子”，結(jié)合上文句子可推斷出，這里想表達(dá)的是，我只是個(gè)孩子，即使我有想象力，也不可能會(huì)成為發(fā)明家，由此可知，通過說“ButI’mjustakid”，你想表達(dá)的是“你太年輕了，什么都做不了”，無法成為發(fā)明家。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段關(guān)鍵句“Soyoudon’thavetobeadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentyof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.”（所以你不必是成年人才可以成為發(fā)明家。不過，有一件事你確實(shí)需要，那就是孩子們有足夠的好奇心和想象力。孩子們因?yàn)橐孕路f獨(dú)特的方式看待事物而聞名。）可知，孩子們可以成為發(fā)明家，因?yàn)樗麄冇泻闷嫘暮拖胂罅?，并且看待事物的方式新穎且獨(dú)特，由此可知，孩子們最有可能成為發(fā)明家，可能是因?yàn)樗麄冇煤统赡耆瞬惶嗤姆绞剿伎紗栴}。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.”（15歲時(shí)，LouisBraille發(fā)明了以他的名字命名的系統(tǒng)，允許盲人閱讀。）可知，LouisBraille發(fā)明的系統(tǒng)可以幫助盲人閱讀，由此可知，LouisBraille發(fā)明了幫助盲人閱讀的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章，結(jié)合第一段關(guān)鍵句“Doyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.“ButI’mjustakid”,youmightbe!Don’tworryaboutalittlethinglikeage.”（你有想象力嗎？你喜歡解決問題嗎？你能嗎？如果是這樣，你可能會(huì)成為下一個(gè)偉大的發(fā)明家。“但我只是個(gè)孩子”，你可能是！不要擔(dān)心年齡之類的小事。）可知，文章主要介紹了孩子也可能成為發(fā)明家，且文章最后三段分別列舉了“JeanieLow”、“LouisBraille”和“ChelseaLanmon”三個(gè)發(fā)明家的例子，他們都是年紀(jì)不大的孩子，由此可知，文章主要講的是孩子們也有可能成為發(fā)明家。故選C項(xiàng)。DWhenafriend,partnerorfamilymemberisupset,you’veprobablywonderedhowbesttomakethemfeelbetter.Offerachocolatebar?Givethemspacesotheycanhaveagoodcry?Aresearchsuggeststhatoneofthemostpowerfulwaystocomfortothersistostartaconversation.Wordsplayapowerfulroleinmouldingpeople’semotions(情感).People’sbrainsarefinelyawareoftheinformationtheygetfromothers,andthey’re“constantlyusingitasfeedback(反饋)tochangetheirbehaviors,”saidRaziaSahi,leaderoftheresearch.Butthewordsweusetocomfortothersmatter.Theresearchshowsthattellingpeopletheyshouldn’tfeelsobadmakesthemfeelworse.Researcherslistenedinon228phonecallsbetweencustomersandcustomerservicerepresentativeswhodealtwithmedical-relatedcomplaints(投訴).Whentherepresentativestoldtheupsetcustomersto“calmdown”or“relax”,thecustomerstypicallybecameangrier.“Thesewordsbackfirebecausetheysuggesttheperson’sfeelingsareimproper,orthattheiremotionsarestrongerthanthesituationcallsfor,”Ms.Sahiexplained.Someformsofverbalsupporthavebeenfoundtobehelpful.Ms.Sahistatedthatfriendsconsiderphraseslike,“Iunderstandwhyyoufeelthatway”or“Thatsoundsveryhard”—tobeespeciallycomforting.Otherformsofsupport,suchashelpingsomeonebelievethingswillimproveorencouragingapersontoseethesituationfromanewview,alsohelp.Andsometimes,thosekindsofresponsesmayevenbemoreusefulinthelongrun.Althoughitcanbehardtoknowhowbesttocomfortsomeone,Dr.Zakiemphasizedthatweshouldbeconfidentthatourattemptswillbeappreciated.Inotherwords,whatismostimportantisnotthatyousaytherightthing,butyouarethereandtrytohelp.“Wecanmakeadifferencetootherpeoplewithrelativelylittleeffort,”Dr.Zakisaid.“Sometimesjustbeingthereisallthatyouneedtodo.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“moulding”meaninparagraph2?A.Exchanging. B.Improving. C.Shaping. D.Illustrating.13.Whydidthecustomersbecomeangrier?A.Theywereimpolitelydealtwith. B.Theytendedtobeemotionaleasily.C.Theyfailedtobettertheirsituation. D.Theywerethoughttobeoveracting.14.Whatkindsofsupportwillbemorehelpfulinthelongrun?A.Promisestohelp. B.Comfortsfromfriends.C.Wordsofencouragement. D.Responsestothecomplaints.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutcomfortingothersfromDr.Zaki’swords?A.Itishardformostpeople. B.Confidenceisnecessary.C.Yourpresencemattersalot. D.Littleeffortisneeded.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明，安慰他人最有效的方式之一就是主動(dòng)開始交談?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Aresearchsuggeststhatoneofthemostpowerfulwaystocomfortothersistostartaconversation.”（一項(xiàng)研究表明，安慰他人最有效的方式之一就是主動(dòng)開始交談。）可知，安慰他人最有效的方式之一就是交談，以及劃線單詞句中的“Wordsplayapowerfulrolein…”（言語發(fā)揮作用……）。可推知，劃線單詞moulding為“塑造”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Shaping“塑造”意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whentherepresentativestoldtheupsetcustomersto“calmdown”or“relax”,thecustomerstypicallybecameangrier.“Thesewordsbackfirebecausetheysuggesttheperson’sfeelingsareimproper,orthattheiremotionsarestrongerthanthesituationcallsfor,”Ms.Sahiexplained.”（當(dāng)客服代表告訴沮喪的客戶“冷靜”或“放松”時(shí)，客戶通常會(huì)變得更加憤怒?！斑@些話會(huì)適得其反，因?yàn)樗鼈儽砻鬟@個(gè)人的感覺是不恰當(dāng)?shù)模蛘咚麄兊那榫w比情況需要的更強(qiáng)烈，”薩希解釋說。）可推知，顧客變得更憤怒了是因?yàn)樗麄儽徽J(rèn)為是小題大做。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Otherformsofsupport,suchashelpingsomeonebelievethingswillimproveorencouragingapersontoseethesituationfromanewview,alsohelp.Andsometimes,thosekindsofresponsesmayevenbemoreusefulinthelongrun.”（其他形式的支持，如幫助某人相信事情會(huì)改善或鼓勵(lì)一個(gè)人從新的角度看情況，也有幫助。有時(shí)，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，這些反應(yīng)可能更有用。）可知，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，鼓勵(lì)的話，這樣的支持更有幫助。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inotherwords,whatismostimportantisnotthatyousaytherightthing,butyouarethereandtrytohelp.“Wecanmakeadifferencetootherpeoplewithrelativelylittleeffort,”Dr.Zakisaid.“Sometimesjustbeingthereisallthatyouneedtodo.””（換句話說，最重要的不是你說了正確的事情，而是你在那里并試圖幫助?！拔覀兛梢杂孟鄬?duì)較少的努力來改變別人，”扎基博士說?！坝袝r(shí)候你只需要在那里就夠了?！保┛芍?，我們能從扎基博士的話中了解到安慰他人時(shí)，你的存在很重要。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theroadtolearninghowtotakepersonalresponsibilitycanbeadifficultone,butstartingsimplereallyworks.___16___Hereissomeadviceyouneedtofollow.●Focusonthebasicsofyourjourney.Justliketheocean,ourlifehasmanyupsanddowns.Ifyoustartbuildingasolidsailboat,youcanwithstand(經(jīng)受)theweather.Thesolidboatrepresentsyourbasicneeds:safety,self-esteem(自尊)andconnectionwithothers.___17___●Openyoursailsandbewillingtofail.Donotlaytoomuchstressonthedestination.Justheadintherightdirection.___18___You’resupposedtotakethecouragetoreallyopenyoursails.Whenyoudevoteyourselftowhatyouaredoing,youwillforgetaboutyourinsecuritiesandworries.●___19___Asyousailthroughlife,areyoumakinggoalsandplans,orareyousimplylettingthingshappenandwatchinglifepass?Workingongoalsettingenablesyoutomeasureyourprogressandtakeresponsibilityforallyouhaveandhaven’tdonetoachievethem.●Liveinthemoment.Asyou’removingthroughtheoceanofyourlife,areyoureallyconcentratingoneachpresentmoment,orareyourthoughtssetonthepastandfuture?Doyoucomplainaboutmistakesothersmadethatforcedyouintoadifficultposition?___20___Starttakingpersonalresponsibilityforeachthoughtandemotionthatpassesthroughyou.A.Reachyourgoals.B.Moveforwardwithintention.C.Thenbegintotacklethemoredifficultaspects.D.Socheckinandmakesurethattheyarebeingmet.E.Stopblamingothersorsituationsifyoureallywanttoenjoyeachmoment.F.Everyonecanedgeclosertothatstagethroughtakingpersonalresponsibility.G.Youmustenjoythesailbyfindingpurposeandfollowingthatdesiretoexplore.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.B20.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要就如何承擔(dān)個(gè)人責(zé)任提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“butstartingsimplereallyworks(但從簡(jiǎn)單開始確實(shí)有效)”可知，上文介紹從簡(jiǎn)單開始學(xué)習(xí)如何承擔(dān)個(gè)人責(zé)任。C項(xiàng)“Thenbegintotacklethemoredifficultaspects.(然后開始解決更困難的方面。)”中的“Then”和“themoredifficult”分別承接上文的“starting”和“simple”，符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesolidboatrepresentsyourbasicneeds:safety,self-esteem(自尊)andconnectionwithothers.(堅(jiān)固的船代表了你的基本需求：安全、自尊和與他人的聯(lián)系。)”可知，上文介紹了人的基本需求。D項(xiàng)“Socheckinandmakesurethattheyarebeingmet.(所以請(qǐng)檢查并確保他們得到了滿足。)”中的they指代上文的basicneeds，且met與needs呼應(yīng)，符合語境，故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“You’resupposedtotakethecouragetoreallyopenyoursails.Whenyoudevoteyourselftowhatyouaredoing,youwillforgetaboutyourinsecuritiesandworries.(你應(yīng)該鼓起勇氣，真正打開你的風(fēng)帆。當(dāng)你全身心投入到你正在做的事情中時(shí)，你會(huì)忘記你的不安全感和擔(dān)憂。)”可知，下文講到應(yīng)鼓起勇氣，全身心投入到你正在做的事情。G項(xiàng)“Youmustenjoythesailbyfindingpurposeandfollowingthatdesiretoexplore.(你必須通過尋找目標(biāo)和追隨探索的欲望來享受航行。)”符合語境，故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】空格處為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)其它小標(biāo)題的句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為祈使句。根據(jù)下文“Workingongoalsettingenablesyoutomeasureyourprogressandtakeresponsibilityforallyouhaveandhaven’tdonetoachievethem.(通過設(shè)定目標(biāo)，你可以衡量自己的進(jìn)步，并對(duì)自己為實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)所做的一切和沒有做的一切負(fù)責(zé)。)”可知，本段主要講到要設(shè)定目標(biāo)。B項(xiàng)“Moveforwardwithintention.(有目的地向前邁進(jìn)。)”最能概括本段主旨，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Doyoucomplainaboutmistakesothersmadethatforcedyouintoadifficultposition?(你是否會(huì)抱怨別人犯的錯(cuò)誤迫使你陷入困境？)”可知，上文設(shè)問你是否會(huì)抱怨別人犯的錯(cuò)誤。下文“Starttakingpersonalresponsibilityforeachthoughtandemotionthatpassesthroughyou.(開始為你的每一個(gè)想法和情緒承擔(dān)個(gè)人責(zé)任。)”講到要承擔(dān)個(gè)人責(zé)任。E項(xiàng)“Stopblamingothersorsituationsifyoureallywanttoenjoyeachmoment.(如果你真的想享受每一刻，就不要責(zé)怪別人或情況。)”承上啟下，符合語境，故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mydadwasafarmer.Heneverregardedanyoneasa____21____.Hecouldreallytalktoanyperson,andhisfavoritethingtodowasto____22____theirincome.OncewewereatChicago’sO’HareAirport,andmydadwassittingwithmeasIwaswaitingformy____23____.ARussianwomanwhocouldnotspeakawordofEnglishsatnexttomydad,butthatdidnot____24____him.Atlast,hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.Iwasashypersonandusedtobesomewhat____25____bythis.Mymomwasavery____26____personaswell,soshewas____27____bythistoo.Butmymomtoldmeastoryabouthowshewasinthedoctor’sofficewithdadandhowhewashis____28____self-talkingtoothersallthetimeinthewaitingroom.Mydadevenstartedtalkingtoayoungmaninawheelchairwhocouldneither____29____normovehisarmsorhead.He_____30_____coulddonothing.Butmydadstillkeptaskinghimquestionsandfinallygottheyoungmantosmilein_____31_____.Andhecarriedonlikethatwiththe_____32_____manuntilhewascalledbacktothedoctor’soffice.Thenthefatheroftheyoungmancameover_____33_____mydad’shandandsaid,“Thankyoufor_____34_____tomysonandmostpeoplejustturnawaywhentheyseehim.”HearingthatIrealizedthatmyfather’s_____35_____oftalkingcouldmakeadifference.21.A.leader B.partner C.visitor D.stranger22.A.lookinto B.setdown C.findout D.addto23.A.boat B.flight C.train D.bus24.A.attract B.shock C.encourage D.stop25.A.embarrassed B.touched C.excited D.frightened26.A.outgoing B.private C.honest D.active27.A.moved B.inspired C.bothered D.threatened28.A.boring B.ordinary C.rare D.usual29.A.act B.smile C.talk D.drive30.A.gradually B.actually C.entirely D.merely31.A.conclusion B.surprise C.power D.response32.A.confident B.disabled C.nervous D.normal33.A.shook B.struck C.washed D.waved34.A.sticking B.opening C.speaking D.reacting35.A.love B.way C.kindness D.control【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的父親是個(gè)愛說話的人，從不把任何人當(dāng)作陌生人，可以和任何人交談，開始的時(shí)候父親的行為讓作者感到尷尬。最后，殘疾年輕人的父親來感謝作者的父親，讓作者意識(shí)到，父親對(duì)說話的熱愛可能會(huì)給其他人帶來一些改變。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從不把任何人當(dāng)作陌生人。A.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；B.partner伙伴；C.visitor參觀者；D.stranger陌生人。根據(jù)下文“Hecouldreallytalktoanyperson”可知，父親從不把任何人當(dāng)作陌生人對(duì)待，他可以和任何人交談。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他真的可以和任何人交談，而他最喜歡做的事就是弄清楚他們的收入。A.lookinto調(diào)查；B.setdown放下；C.findout查明，弄清楚；D.addto增加。根據(jù)“theirincome”以及“Atlast,hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.”可知，父親喜歡去弄清楚別人的收入。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，我們?cè)谥ゼ痈绲膴W黑爾機(jī)場(chǎng)，我在等飛機(jī)的時(shí)候，爸爸坐在我旁邊。A.boat船；B.flight航班；C.train火車；D.bus公交車。根據(jù)上文“OncewewereatChicago’sO’HareAirport”可知，是在機(jī)場(chǎng)等待飛機(jī)。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一位不會(huì)說英語的俄羅斯婦女坐在我父親旁邊，但這并沒有阻止他與她交談。A.attract吸引；B.shock使震驚；C.encourage鼓勵(lì)；D.stop阻止，阻礙。根據(jù)下文“Atlast,hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.”可知，即使對(duì)方不會(huì)說英語，也沒能阻止父親去弄清別人的家庭情況和收入。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我是一個(gè)害羞的人，曾經(jīng)為此感到有些尷尬。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.touched感動(dòng)的；C.excited激動(dòng)的；D.frightened害怕的。根據(jù)上文“Iwasashyperson”可知，作者本來就害羞，所以對(duì)父親的這一做法肯定是感到有些尷尬的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽也是一個(gè)非常注重隱私的人，所以她也會(huì)為此煩惱。A.outgoing開朗的；B.private私人的；C.honest誠實(shí)的；D.active活躍的。根據(jù)上文“hefoundoutherbusiness,howmanychildrenshehadandofcoursehowmuchshemade.”以及下文“soshewas________bythistoo.”可知，母親也為父親的行為所煩惱，說明母親是個(gè)注重隱私的人不喜歡打聽別人的私事。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.moved感動(dòng)；B.inspired激勵(lì)；C.bothered煩惱；D.threatened威脅。根據(jù)上文“Mymomwasavery________personaswell”可知母親注重隱私，所以父親的行為讓她煩惱。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我媽媽給我講了一個(gè)故事，關(guān)于她是如何和爸爸一起在醫(yī)生辦公室的，以及他是如何像往常一樣在候診室里和別人自言自語的。A.boring厭煩的；B.ordinary普通的；C.rare罕見的；D.usual通常的。根據(jù)上文“Hecouldreallytalktoanyperson,andhisfavoritethingtodowasto________theirincome.”可知作者的父親像往常一樣，在候診室里和別人說話，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親甚至開始和一個(gè)坐在輪椅上的年輕人交談，他既不能說話，也不能移動(dòng)他的手臂和頭部。A.act行動(dòng)；B.smile微笑；C.talk談話；D.drive駕駛。根據(jù)下文“normovehisarmsorhead”可知那個(gè)人可能也不能說話。故選C。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他實(shí)際上什么也做不了。A.gradually逐漸地；B.actually事實(shí)上；C.entirely完全地；D.merely僅僅。根據(jù)上文“Mydadevenstartedtalkingtoayoungmaninawheelchairwhocouldneither________normovehisarmsorhead.”以及下文“finallygottheyoungmantosmilein_____”可知，年輕人既不能說話，又不能移動(dòng)他的手臂和頭部，實(shí)際上就是什么都做不了。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但爸爸還是不停地問他問題，最后那個(gè)年輕人以微笑回應(yīng)，A.conclusion結(jié)論；B.surprise驚訝；C.power力量；D.response反應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文“Butmydadstillkeptaskinghimquestionsandfinallygottheyoungmantosmile”可知，父親一直不停問年輕人問題，最終得到了年輕人的微笑作為回應(yīng)。inresponse為固定短語，意為“作為回應(yīng)