四川省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月大聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月大聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthewomanthinkthemanwasgoingtodo?A.Washclothes.B.GotoSweden.C.Havesupper.2.Howmanypeoplewillhavedinnertogether?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.3.Whenshouldthemanmakethecallbyhistime?A.At5pm.B.At3pm.C.At2pm.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theyneedtomakemoreefforts.B.Mostoftheworkremainstobedone.C.Theworkisnotasmuchasthemanthinks.5.WhichT-shirtwillthemanbuy?A.Theround-neckedonewithshortsleeves.B.Thelighter-coloredonewithaV-neck.C.Theblackonewithlongsleeves.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoestheteacherthinkofDavid’smath?A.It’snotverygood.B.It’sexcellent.C.It’saverage.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Motherandson.C.Parentandteacher.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.WhyisthewomanunwillingtoplayJulietatfirst?A.Shedoesn’twanttomemorizelines.B.She’safraidtoplaywithMarie.C.Shedislikestherole.9.WhomayplaythecharacterJulietintheend?A.Lisa.B.Marie.C.Thewoman.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shouse.B.Attheairport.C.Atahotel.11.WhatdoesthemanplantodoinCalifornia?A.Relaxhimself.B.Buyanewhousehere.C.PracticespeakingEnglish.12.WhydidDrewchooseMrs,McNamara?A.Theycomefromthesameplace.B.Herhouseisneartheschool.C.Shehasabeautifulhouse.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whichwastheman’sfavoriteatfirst?A.Readingbooks.B.WatchingTV.C.Cleaninghouses.14.Whatdidtheman’smotheraskhimtodoinhisGradeFive?A.Readonebookeveryweek.B.Readtwobookseveryweek.C.WriteareportontheTVprogramme.15.Whattopicmighttheman’sbrotherbeinterestedin?A.Animals.B.Science.C.Engineering.16.Whatmadethemanbegintolovebooks?A.Thereviewsinthebooks.B.Therewardsfromhismother.C.Thenewexperiencegainingfromreading.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whichbusdidthespeakergeton?A.Thefirstbusthatpassed.B.Thesecondbusthatpassed.C.Thethirdbusthatpassed.18.Whatwastheonlywordthespeakerknewofthelanguage?A.Thenameofthehotelinwhichhelived.B.Thenameofthestreetinwhichhelived.C.Thenameofthecityinwhichhewas.19.Whowasthesecondpersonthespeakerasked?A.Apostman.B.Apoliceman.C.Anewspaperseller.20.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeakerfromthetext?A.Hehadn’treachedthedestination.B.Hehadarrivedinanothercity.C.Hehadfoundthehotelwiththehelpofsomeone.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWithmorethan400nationalparksacrosstheUSinthesystemofNationalParkService(NPS),fewerthanone-thirdofthemchargeentrancefees.Thefee-freedaysprovideagreatopportunitytovisitanewplaceoranoldfavorite,likeOlympicNationalParkorGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.Formorefun,visitorscancampinoneofthepark’scampgrounds.Mostcampingsitescostlessthan$30anight,andevenapackageofhotdogsareabargain.Spendingtimeoutdoorsisgoodforyourmindandbody.Fromhikingtosittingonabeautifulbeach,timeinthenationalparkscanbesomeofthebestdaysofyouryear.Everyyear,NPSoffersfreedaysduringwhichvisitorscanenterforfree.Nowreadonthefollowinglistbeforeyougo.ThingsToKnowBeforeYouGo?Sincenationalparksarepopulardestinationsduringsummerandholidays,makeroomreservationsasearlyaspossible,Visitorscanbookrooms13monthsinadvance.?Parkingcanbeaproblematpopulardestinationsduringthemiddleoftheday.?Keepaneyeonyourchildrenatalltimes.?Fee-freedaysdonotcoveruserfeeslikecamping,boatlaunches,parkingfeesorspecialtourfees.FreeEntranceDaysDateMartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMonday,January15FirstDayofNationalParkWeekSaturday.April20JuneteenthNationalIndependenceDayWednesday,June19AnniversaryoftheGreatAmericanOutdoorsActSunday,August4NationalPublicLandsDaySaturday.September28VeteransDayMonday,November111.WhatdoweknowaboutthenationalparksintheUS?A.Theyaremostlycost-freetoenter. B.Theircampingsitescostover$30anight.C.Theydon’tchargeparkingfees. D.Theirparksarefreeallyearround.2.Whatshouldvisitorsknowbeforetheygotothenationalparks?A.Campingfeesareincludedallthetime. B.Thetimeforbookingroomsistoolimited.C.It’seasytoparkattheattractionsanytime. D.Kidsshouldbewatchedallthetime.3.WhichbestsuitsthefamilythatwantsafreeMondayouting?A.NationalPublicLandsDay. B.MartinLutherKing,Jr.Day.C.FirstDayofNationalParkWeek. D.JuneteenthNationalIndependenceDay.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。美國(guó)國(guó)家公園系統(tǒng)中有400多個(gè)公園，部分公園免費(fèi)開(kāi)放，文章介紹了去公園前需知事項(xiàng)及免費(fèi)開(kāi)放日期?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Withmorethan400nationalparksacrosstheUSinthesystemofNationalParkService(NPS),fewerthanone-thirdofthemchargeentrancefees.(美國(guó)國(guó)家公園管理局(NPS)系統(tǒng)中有400多個(gè)國(guó)家公園，其中不到三分之一收取入場(chǎng)費(fèi)。)”可知，大部分的美國(guó)國(guó)家公園是可免費(fèi)進(jìn)入的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThingsToKnowBeforeYouGo部分的“Keepaneyeonyourchildrenatalltimes.(時(shí)刻注意你的孩子。)”可知，游客須時(shí)刻看護(hù)好自己的孩子。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章表格第二行“MartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMonday,January15(馬丁·路德·金紀(jì)念日1月15日，星期一)”可知，MartinLutherKing,Jr.Day最適合周一出游的家庭。故選B項(xiàng)。BThreeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.“Servingothersisn’talwaysfun,”Sathersays.“It’shardworktoremaincommittedtospreadingkindnessthroughservingothers.Butevenonthetoughestdays,seeingthesmilesonmyneighbors’facesmakesitworthwhile.”“Thinkofsomethingthateveryonecomplainsaboutandthengodoit,”Satherrecommends.Analleynearhishouse,forexample,wasconstantlyfilledwithtrash.Neighborstalkedabouthowmuchtheyhatedit,yetnoonedidanythingaboutit.Satherspentseveralhoursdailyfortwoweekscleaningit.“WhenIwasdone,Isawincreasedjoyandprideinourneighborhood,”Sathersays.Sevenmonthslater,thealleyisstillclean.Satheroftenseesneighborscheckingonit,pickinguplingeringgarbageorcuttingbackweeds.“Startsmall.You’llbeamazedatyourimpact,”saysSather.4.WhatpulledSatheroutofthestateofbeingseparate?A.Thepositiveimpactoftheclassonhim. B.Theelderlylady’spracticalsuggestions.C.Thetimelykindnessfromthecommunity. D.Thesenseofachievementfrombeinghelpful.5.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.HowSatherfeltabouthisbehaviour. B.HowSatherhelpsthecommunity.C.WhySatherfindswaystoserveothers. D.WhatSatherneededtofixhisneighbor’sfence.6.WhatcanwelearnfromSather’sstory?A.Doinggoodstartswithourselves. B.Worktogethertohelptheelderly.C.Beingproudhelpstoserveothers. D.Helpotherstomakethemstronger.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hissearchforthesimplestjoy B.Hispursuitofthecommunity’shappinessC.Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness D.Hechangedthecommunitywithhisefforts【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Sather在經(jīng)歷個(gè)人困境后，決定通過(guò)為社區(qū)做好事來(lái)改變自己的心態(tài)和生活，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生了積極的社會(huì)影響這一故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，岡薩加大學(xué)的學(xué)生SatherGowdy經(jīng)歷了分手。隨后，他的兩位密友也相繼離世。因此，Sather變得封閉起來(lái)，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.(一天，當(dāng)Sather下課回家時(shí)，一切發(fā)生了改變。一位老婦人站在她裝滿(mǎn)雜貨的后備箱旁，請(qǐng)求他幫忙。他幫她把東西搬進(jìn)了屋里。“走在回家的路上，我意識(shí)到我的心情幾周以來(lái)第一次變得輕松了，”Sather說(shuō)。他決定不再封閉自己，而是每天為社區(qū)做好事。)”可知，Sather在經(jīng)歷分手和密友離世后變得封閉，但有一天他幫助了一位老婦人搬運(yùn)雜貨，這次經(jīng)歷讓他心情變得輕松，并決定不再封閉自己，而是每天為社區(qū)做好事。因此，是幫助他人這一行為帶來(lái)的正面情感和成就感讓他擺脫了封閉的狀態(tài)。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.(Sather從小事做起。有一次，他注意到鄰居的籬笆壞了，想把它修好，但不知道該怎么做?！爸R(shí)的缺乏并沒(méi)有阻止我！”他說(shuō)，“我在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)，買(mǎi)了錘子和釘子，然后把它修好了?！彪S著這項(xiàng)行動(dòng)的發(fā)展，Sather的責(zé)任也越來(lái)越大。他每天花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)尋找服務(wù)他人的方法——清理社區(qū)或幫助老年鄰居做園藝和其他工作。)”可知，第三段主要講述了Sather如何幫助社區(qū)，如清理社區(qū)或幫助老年鄰居做園藝和其他工作。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了Sather經(jīng)歷了個(gè)人困境后，通過(guò)為社區(qū)做好事來(lái)改變自己的心態(tài)和生活。他從小事做起，如修理鄰居的籬笆，逐漸發(fā)展到每天花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)尋找服務(wù)他人的方法。這個(gè)過(guò)程表明，Sather的善行是從他自身開(kāi)始的，他通過(guò)自己的行動(dòng)影響了社區(qū)，帶來(lái)了正面的變化。選項(xiàng)A“Doinggoodstartswithourselves.(做好事從我們自己開(kāi)始)”與Sather的故事相符，他通過(guò)自己的努力和行動(dòng)，從小事做起，逐漸產(chǎn)生了更大的影響。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，岡薩加大學(xué)的學(xué)生SatherGowdy經(jīng)歷了分手。隨后，他的兩位密友也相繼離世。因此，Sather變得封閉起來(lái)，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.(一天，當(dāng)Sather下課回家時(shí)，一切發(fā)生了改變。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了Sather在經(jīng)歷個(gè)人困境后，通過(guò)為社區(qū)做好事來(lái)改變自己的心態(tài)和生活，從而逐漸走出傷痛的故事。選項(xiàng)C“Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness(他用善行治愈了傷痛)”準(zhǔn)確地捕捉到了文章的核心內(nèi)容，即Sather通過(guò)為社區(qū)做好事來(lái)治愈自己因個(gè)人困境而產(chǎn)生的傷痛。故選C。CAstudyledbyUCRiverside(UCR)atmosphericscientistspredictsthatuncheckedcarbonemissions(排放物)willforcetropicalrainstoshiftnorthwardinthecomingdecades,whichwouldprofoundlyimpacttheregionsneartheEarth'sequator.Thenorthwardrainshiftiscausedbycomplexatmosphericchanges.Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(匯集)zones.Thosezonesareessentiallyatmosphericenginesthatdriveaboutathirdoftheworld’srainfall,whichAntonyP.Thomas,aprofessorofclimatechangeandsustainabilityatUCRreportedinapaperpublishedinthejournalNatureClimateChange.Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.Tropicalrainforestscanhaveasmuchas14feetofrainayear.“Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It'saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.Allthesecomponentsareinteractingwitheachother,”hesaid.“Basically,wetrytosimulatetherealworld.Inthemodel,wecanincreaseourcarbondioxideemissionsfrompre-industriallevelstomuchhigherlevels.”Theanalysisaccountedforhowcarbonemissionsinfluencetheamountofradiantenergyatthetopofatmosphere.Italsoconsideredthechangesinseaice,watervaporandcloudformation.Theseandotherfactorsresultedinconditionsthatpushtherain-formingconvergencezonesnorthwardbyasmuchas0.2degreesonaverage.8.Whatmaybethemaincauseoftherainshift?A.Therainforests. B.Carbonemissions.C.TheEarth'sequator. D.Economicgrowth.9.HowdoesAntonyfeelabouttherainshift?A.Confused. B.Grateful. C.Worried. D.Indifferent.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethestudy?A.Comprehensive. B.Widespread. C.Fruitful. D.Historic.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Therainshiftisunrelatedtohumanactivities.B.Therainshiftthreatensequatorialagriculture.C.Thestudy’scomputermodelswerenotpreciseenough.D.Theimpactoftherainshiftwillbelimitedtoremoteareas.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述一項(xiàng)研究預(yù)測(cè)，不受控制的碳排放將迫使熱帶降雨在未來(lái)幾十年內(nèi)向北移動(dòng)，將對(duì)地球赤道附近的地區(qū)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(匯集)zones.(這些變化是由碳排放驅(qū)動(dòng)的，而碳排放反過(guò)來(lái)又影響熱帶輻合帶的形成。)”可知，雨帶的移動(dòng)主要是由碳排放引起的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的““Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It’saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”(“降雨量變化很大，”安東尼說(shuō)?！斑@是一個(gè)雨量非常大的地區(qū)。所以，一個(gè)小的轉(zhuǎn)變會(huì)引起社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的大變化。它將影響許多地區(qū)?！?可知，安東尼認(rèn)為一個(gè)小小的轉(zhuǎn)變會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的巨大變化。它將影響許多地區(qū)。因此推斷Antony對(duì)雨帶的移動(dòng)感到擔(dān)憂(yōu)。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.(安東尼和他的同事使用先進(jìn)的計(jì)算機(jī)模型來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)持續(xù)燃燒化石燃料和其他來(lái)源產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳排放對(duì)大氣的影響。這個(gè)氣候模型包括了大氣、海洋、海冰和陸地的許多組成部分。)”可知，研究使用了“先進(jìn)的計(jì)算機(jī)模型”以及考慮了多個(gè)影響因素,可見(jiàn)這項(xiàng)研究是全面的。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.(赤道兩側(cè)的熱帶地區(qū)，如中非國(guó)家、南美洲北部和太平洋島國(guó)，將受到最嚴(yán)重的影響。這些地區(qū)的主要作物包括咖啡、可可、棕櫚油、香蕉、甘蔗、茶、芒果和菠蘿。)”可知，熱帶地區(qū)主要農(nóng)作物可能受影響，說(shuō)明雨帶的移動(dòng)威脅了赤道地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)。故選B。DEngineerKerstinG?pfrichbuildsmachines.Butratherthanbuildingmetaldevices,shemakestinyonestoworkinsideourcells.G?pfrichleadsaresearchgroupfocusingonthe“engineeringoflife”attheMaxPlanckInstituteforMedicalResearchinHeidelberg,Germany.Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.Andthepotentialforsuchdevicesgoesbeyondmakingrepairs.Scientistsarelookingathowtogivecellsnewabilities,hopingthatbydevelopingenoughnovelbiomachines,theymightmakenewformsoflife.Soifaproteinisfaulty,whynotmakeanewoneinthelab?BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”BiologistslikeRawsonandG?pfrichfoundaworkaround.They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.Tobuildthem,researchersworkwithmanytypesofmaterials.Rawsonusescarbonnanotubes.G?pfrichevenusesbiologicalmolecules,suchasDNA.Ratherthanhealoldordamagedbodyparts,she’dreplacethemwithnewones.Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.12.Whatdoesparagraph2intendtotellus?A.Thecostofrepairingproteins. B.Theprospectfornature-mademachines.C.Thechallengeofnaturalprotein-machines. D.Thebackgroundofcreatingnewbiomachines.13.WhyisRawsonmentionedinparagraph4?A.Topresentscientists’failureinbiology. B.Toconveyhisideaoflifeengineering.C.Toshowmakingproteinsinthelabishard. D.Toexplainwhynanotechnologyisimportant.14.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“workground”inparagraph5?A.Anewdilemma. B.Adifficultcondition.C.Analternativesolution. D.Anunbelievablestory.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyexpress?A.Theeffectofproteinsonourbody. B.Thecombinationofthewiringofahouse.C.Thecomplexityofthehumanbodysystem. D.Theprecisionrequiredforsyntheticbiology.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家在生命工程和納米技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的研究進(jìn)展，特別是關(guān)于如何制造能在細(xì)胞內(nèi)工作的微型機(jī)器（納米機(jī)器）來(lái)替代或修復(fù)受損的生物機(jī)器（蛋白質(zhì)）?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.(我們的細(xì)胞已經(jīng)充滿(mǎn)了自然形成的機(jī)器，執(zhí)行著生命活動(dòng)的日常任務(wù)。其中許多是蛋白質(zhì)。但有時(shí)我們的天然蛋白質(zhì)機(jī)器會(huì)出現(xiàn)故障。生物機(jī)器損壞會(huì)引發(fā)許多疾病，因此科學(xué)家們正在考慮如何修復(fù)有缺陷的蛋白質(zhì)。他們可能會(huì)用人工神經(jīng)來(lái)替換受損的神經(jīng)。)”可知，第二段作者想要介紹一下科學(xué)家們想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造新型生物機(jī)器的背景知識(shí)，也就是希望用這種新型生物機(jī)器修復(fù)有缺陷的蛋白質(zhì)和替換受損的神經(jīng)。故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”(當(dāng)FrankieRawson還是學(xué)生的時(shí)候，他就問(wèn)過(guò)老師這個(gè)問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)在，作為英國(guó)諾丁漢大學(xué)的一名納米技術(shù)專(zhuān)家，Rawson已經(jīng)回答了自己的問(wèn)題：“事實(shí)證明，我們?cè)谌斯?fù)制生物所做的事情方面并不擅長(zhǎng)?！?”可知，第四段提到Rawson主要是因?yàn)樗鳛閷W(xué)生時(shí)向老師提出過(guò)關(guān)于在實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造新蛋白質(zhì)的問(wèn)題，而現(xiàn)在作為納米技術(shù)專(zhuān)家的他回答了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，指出“我們?cè)谌斯?fù)制生物所做的事情方面并不擅長(zhǎng)”。這表明在實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造蛋白質(zhì)是困難的。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.(他們正在創(chuàng)造能做蛋白質(zhì)相同工作的納米機(jī)器。有了正確的設(shè)計(jì)，這些納米機(jī)器可以更容易、更廉價(jià)地完成工作。它們使用的成分更少，因此也可以更加穩(wěn)定。)”可知，他們找到了一種解決方法來(lái)解決上文提到的不擅長(zhǎng)人工復(fù)制生物的問(wèn)題。由此可知，劃線詞workground為“解決方法”之意。選項(xiàng)A“Anewdilemma(一個(gè)新的困境)”；選項(xiàng)B“Adifficultcondition(一個(gè)困難的狀況)”；選項(xiàng)C“Analternativesolution(一個(gè)替代的解決方案)”；選項(xiàng)D“Anunbelievablestory(一個(gè)不可思議的故事)”。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了進(jìn)行小型合成生物學(xué)修復(fù)。我們的細(xì)胞必須協(xié)同工作?！翱梢园阉鼈兿胂蟪煞课莸牟季€，”Rawson說(shuō)。撥動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)，燈就會(huì)亮。這是一個(gè)大規(guī)模的效果。但系統(tǒng)中的每一個(gè)小部件都必須正常工作，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一最終效果。)”可知，最后一段通過(guò)將人體細(xì)胞比作房屋的布線，強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)小部分都必須正常工作才能達(dá)到最終效果，這突出了合成生物學(xué)所需的精確性和準(zhǔn)確性。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Gratitude,initssimplestform,istheactoffeelinggratefulforwhatyouhave.___16___Ifyouareapersonthatpracticesgratituderegularly,youmayhavebenefitedalotfromthat.Studieshaveshownthatpracticinggratitudecansignificantlyboostpeople’shappinessandwell-being,allowingthemtoliveamorefulfillinglife.Sohowcanwepracticegratitude?Herearewaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.Keepagratitudejournal.Keepitsimpleandeachdaywrite1-3thingsyouaregratefulforinthemorningandintheevening.___17___Alotofpeoplefocusonwhattheydon’thave,orcomplainallday,makingthemselvesupset.Butwhenyoufocusonthepositive,nomatterhowsmall,youattractmoreofthepositive.Don’tcompare.It’seasytocompareourselvestoothersandwantwhattheyhave.Whenyoudothat,you’renotappreciatingyourownuniquejourney.We’reallonadifferentlifepathandwewereborntostandout.___18___Flashasmile.Alotofpeopledon’tsmilethesedays,andoftenyouhavetobetheonethatinitiates(發(fā)起)it.Smilingatsomeonecannotonlymakeyoufeelgood,butalsomaketheirday,too.___19___Whileyou’reatit,givecompliments(問(wèn)候),too.___20___It’seasytofocusonthenegativeofthepastorworryaboutthefuture.Ifyoucanliveinthemomentandtakeineverythingastheyhappen,you’lldiscoverjoysthatareoftenoverlooked.Therearejoysofplayingwithyourclassmatesintheplayground,theconversationwithyourfriendsacrossthetableandthesmellofrain.Enjoyandembracethesemoments.A.Liveinthepresent.B.Sohowoftendoyoupracticegratitude?C.Doyouknowhowtopracticegratitudesincerely?D.Itwillallowyoutoseemorejoyandbeautyinyourdays.E.Alwaysdiscoverthepositivesideofthepeoplearoundyou.F.Sosmilemoreandwatchhowyourdaycaninstantlyturnaround.G.Valuethepathyoutakeandbegratefulforwhoyouareandwhatyouhave.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了感恩的重要性和如何練習(xí)感恩的方法，通過(guò)給出具體的建議和步驟，引導(dǎo)讀者學(xué)會(huì)感恩，享受生活中的美好?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Ifyouareapersonthatpracticesgratituderegularly,youmayhavebenefitedalotfromthat.(如果你是一個(gè)經(jīng)常練習(xí)感恩的人，那么你可能會(huì)從中受益匪淺。)”可知，如果我們經(jīng)常練習(xí)感恩，我們將從中受益匪淺。選項(xiàng)B“Sohowoftendoyoupracticegratitude?(你多久練習(xí)一次感恩？)”中的“howoften”與下文的“regularly”保持一致。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Keepagratitudejournal.Keepitsimpleandeachdaywrite1-3thingsyouaregratefulforinthemorningandintheevening.(堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)感恩日記。方法很簡(jiǎn)單，每天早上和晚上各寫(xiě)下1-3件你心懷感激的事物。)”可知，空前內(nèi)容建議我們要寫(xiě)感恩日記。選項(xiàng)D“Itwillallowyoutoseemorejoyandbeautyinyourdays.(它將讓你在日常生活中看到更多的快樂(lè)和美好。)”承接上文，解釋了記感恩日記的好處，同時(shí)引出下文“Alotofpeoplefocusonwhattheydon’thave,orcomplainallday,makingthemselvesupset.Butwhenyoufocusonthepositive,nomatterhowsmall,youattractmoreofthepositive.(很多人關(guān)注自己沒(méi)有的東西，或者整天抱怨，讓自己不開(kāi)心。但是當(dāng)你關(guān)注積極的一面時(shí)，無(wú)論多小，你都會(huì)吸引更多的積極因素。)”。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Don’tcompare.It’seasytocompareourselvestoothersandwantwhattheyhave.Whenyoudothat,you’renotappreciatingyourownuniquejourney.We’reallonadifferentlifepathandwewereborntostandout.(不要比較。我們很容易將自己與他人進(jìn)行比較，并想要擁有他們所擁有的東西。當(dāng)你這樣做的時(shí)候，你并沒(méi)有感激自己獨(dú)特的旅程。我們都在不同的生活道路上，我們生來(lái)就是要脫穎而出的。)”可知，上文建議我們每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)特的，所以不需要和別人比較。選項(xiàng)G“Valuethepathyoutakeandbegratefulforwhoyouareandwhatyouhave.(珍惜你所走的路，對(duì)你所是和所擁有的心存感激。)”承接上文，給出了具體的建議，即要珍惜自己的經(jīng)歷和所擁有的，不要總是羨慕別人。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Smilingatsomeonecannotonlymakeyoufeelgood,butalsomaketheirday,too.(對(duì)某人微笑不僅會(huì)讓你感覺(jué)良好，也會(huì)讓他們的日子更美好。)”可知，上文提到微笑的好處。選項(xiàng)F“Sosmilemoreandwatchhowyourdaycaninstantlyturnaround.(所以多笑笑，看看你的日子是如何瞬間變得不同的。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了微笑的好處，并引出下文“Whileyou’reatit,givecompliments(問(wèn)候),too.(同時(shí)，也給予贊美和問(wèn)候。)”。故選F。【20題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“It’seasytofocusonthenegativeofthepastorworryaboutthefuture.Ifyoucanliveinthemomentandtakeineverythingastheyhappen,you’lldiscoverjoysthatareoftenoverlooked.Therearejoysofplayingwithyourclassmatesintheplayground,theconversationwithyourfriendsacrossthetableandthesmellofrain.Enjoyandembracethesemoments.(很容易專(zhuān)注于過(guò)去的負(fù)面或擔(dān)心未來(lái)。如果你能活在當(dāng)下，享受當(dāng)下的一切，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那些常常被忽視的快樂(lè)。比如在操場(chǎng)上和同學(xué)玩耍的樂(lè)趣，和朋友隔桌交談的樂(lè)趣，以及雨的味道。享受并擁抱這些時(shí)刻。)”可知，本段主要講述的是我們要活在當(dāng)下，享受生活中的美好。選項(xiàng)A“Liveinthepresent.(活在當(dāng)下。)”是本段內(nèi)容的概述，與本段內(nèi)容相符。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duringaschooltalentshow,GraceSunrealizedmusiccanspreadjoyandcreatecommunityconnections.Followingthatperformance,GraceSunfelt___21___toorganizemoremusicevents.At16,she___22___anonprofitschoolserviceclubtoorganizeand___23___musicaleventsforseniors.Gracestartedonlineconcertswithafewclosefriendsandwantedto___24___theeldersinhercommunitywhooftenexperiencedloneliness.Shefirstgatheredagroupofpeersand___25___themtoperformforseniorsinboth___26___andin-personconcerts.TheconcertsreceivedsomuchpositivefeedbackthatGracedecidedto___27___theprogram.Someonethen___28___astudywithGraceabouthowmusictherapy(療法)could___29___improvecognitive(認(rèn)知的)conditionofpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病).That____30____hertoincludeadditionalperformancesforeldersdealingwithcognitive____31____.Thenewperformanceswouldgetan____32____inprogrammingaswell.Inplaceoftheirusualclassicalsongs,theyoungmusiciansplayedthepopularsongsin1960s.TheseniorswithAlzheimer’sdiseasehappily____33____alongwiththefamiliarsongs.Themusic____34____theirgoodmemoriesandbroughttheseniorstothetimestheyweremostcomfortablewith.It’sprettymagical.Heractionisagreatexampleofthe____35____ofconnection.21.A.shocked B.inspired C.honored D.relieved22.A.setup B.broughtup C.tookup D.openedup23.A.seek B.limit C.celebrate D.arrange24.A.include B.block C.abandon D.entertain25.A.persuaded B.allowed C.forced D.warned26.A.outdoor B.attractiveC.virtual D.practical27.A.cancel B.continue C.pause D.vary28.A.updated B.compared C.shared D.collected29.A.barely B.quickly C.patiently D.potentially30.A.motivated B.required C.permitted D.frightened31.A.hope B.decline C.improvement D.prospect32.A.adjustment B.opposition C.assessment D.encouragement33.A.wrote B.shook C.cried D.sang34.A.brokeinto B.gotthrough C.tappedinto D.messedup35.A.credit B.comfort C.valueD.bargain【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了GraceSun通過(guò)組織音樂(lè)活動(dòng)為社區(qū)老人帶去歡樂(lè)，并受到音樂(lè)療法對(duì)阿爾茨海默病患者有益的研究啟發(fā)，進(jìn)一步為認(rèn)知衰退的老人提供額外表演的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：演出結(jié)束后，GraceSun受到啟發(fā)，想要組織更多的音樂(lè)活動(dòng)。A.shocked震驚；