專題07 介詞（一）-中考英語語法單項(xiàng)選擇題專項(xiàng)突破（解析版）

介詞種類繁多，用法復(fù)雜。學(xué)習(xí)介詞首先要掌握介詞的基本用法及其習(xí)慣用法，其次要注意介詞與其他詞類的搭配。I．常用介詞的基本用法常用的介詞主要有：at,on,in,for,of,to,but,by,after,before,with,without,during,since,by,till,until,over,under,from,along,into,inside,outside,above,below,beside,near,behind,round,around,across,up,down,besides,except,among,through,against,nextto,becauseof,dueto,onaccountof,incase,asaresultof,inspiteof,regardlessof,infrontof,infavorof等。1.表示時(shí)間的介詞表示時(shí)間的介詞主要有：at,on,in,to,of,during,for,after,since,by,till,until等。1.—Whenwillthegraduationceremonybeheld?—Oh,itwillbeheld_________9a.m.nextFriday.Don’tbelate.(哈爾濱)A.on B. at C.in【答案】B【解析】句意：——什么時(shí)候舉行畢業(yè)典禮什么？——哦，下星期五上午九點(diǎn)鐘舉行。別遲到。在時(shí)間點(diǎn)前用介詞in。2.April22nd,peoplearoundtheworldcelebrateEarthDayindifferentways.(長(zhǎng)沙)A.InB.AtC.On【答案】C【解析】句意：4月22日，世界各地的人們以不同方式慶祝地球日。指具體某一天，用介詞on。3.AcouplefromAustraliawelcomedfivehealthybabiesJanuary.(臨沂)A.atB.inC.forD.on【答案】B【解析】句意：一月，來自澳大利亞的一對(duì)夫婦迎來了五個(gè)健康嬰兒。在某月、某年前用介詞in。4.WealllikewatchingtheTVprogrammeReaders_______Saturdayevening.(揚(yáng)州)A.in B.on C.at D.for【答案】B【解析】句意：在星期六晚上，我們喜歡看電視節(jié)目“朗讀者”。表示“在具體某一天上午、下午或晚上”用介詞on。5.—Thanks______ourgovernment,wecanplaysportsonthenewplaygroundnextweek.—That’sforsure!Andwe’llhaveasportsmeeting______onemonth.(濱州)A.for;in B.to;in C.for;after D.to;after【答案】B6.Doctorssaythatthefirst10minutes_______atrafficaccidentisimportantforsavingalife.(東營(yíng))A.inB.beforeC.afterD.during【答案】C【解析】句意：醫(yī)生說交通事故發(fā)生后的前10分鐘對(duì)拯救生命非常重要。After意為“在……之后”，符合句意。7.—DidyougetWechatRed(微信紅包)____________theSpringFestival?—Yes.It’sactuallythemostpopularwayofsendingtraditionalholidaypresentsnow.(天水)A.with B.for C.during D.after【答案】C【解析】句意：——春節(jié)期間你收到微信紅包了嗎？——是的，確實(shí)如此。現(xiàn)在傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日送禮最流行的方式就是發(fā)微信紅包了。根據(jù)語境，此處指“春節(jié)期間”，故用during。8.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplegoskating________winter.(北京)A.atB.inC.onD.to【答案】B【解析】在年、月、季節(jié)等名詞前用介詞in。9.__________2000,thiscompanyhasseenmuchnewdevelopment.Ithasbecomeoneofthebiggestcompaniesinthecountry.(沈陽)A.ForB.InC.ByD.since【答案】D10.Shallwestopandwaitforothers?Theywillcatchup______afewminutes.(大連)A.at B.on C.in D.for【答案】C【解析】句意：我們停下來等等其他人好嗎？一會(huì)他們就會(huì)趕上來?！癷n+一段時(shí)間”表示“一段時(shí)間之后”。2．表示地點(diǎn)、方位或方向的介詞表示地點(diǎn)、方位或方向的介詞主要有：at,in,on,from,along,to,into,inside,outside,over,under,above,below,by,beside,near,nextto,before,after,infrontof,behind,round,around,across,up,down等。1.Ican’tseeLucybecausesheisthetree.(成都)A.infrontofB.behindC.nextto【答案】B【解析】句意：我看不見露西，意為她（藏）在樹的后面。由can’tsee可知用介詞behind，意為“在……的后面”。2.Justwalkdownthisroadandyou’llseethemuseum_________yourright.(河北)A.on B.in C.at D.by【答案】A【解析】在某人的右側(cè)，用介詞on，即onone’sright。學(xué)&科網(wǎng)3.Tomypleasure,myfamilyisalways______mewhateverIdecidetodo.(安徽)A.above B.behind C.from D.through【答案】B【解析】句意：使我高興的是，無論我決定做什么，我的家人都支持我。由句意可知，這里說的是“家人一直在身后我”。4.—Doyouknowthestudent________DavidandJack?一Yeah.It’sJim.（隨州）A.among B.inC.betweenD.around【答案】C【解析】句意：——你認(rèn)識(shí)大衛(wèi)和杰克之間的那個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？——認(rèn)識(shí)，是吉姆。between…and意為“介于二者之間”。5.Noraopenedthebox.Tohersurprise,______itwasagoldwatch.(蘇州)A.outside B.inside C.beside D.behind【答案】B【解析】句意：勞拉打開了盒子，令她驚奇的是，里面是一塊金表。表示“在……里面”應(yīng)用inside。6.Awomanstood______thewindow,watchingthechildrenplayinggamesinthegarden.(德州)A.past B.through C.across D.by【答案】D【解析】句意：一個(gè)婦女站在窗戶旁邊，看著孩子們正在花園里做游戲。By意為“在……旁邊”，符合句意。7.—Whywouldyouliketowalk________theforest?—BecauseIwanttotry .(安順)A.across;excitingsomething B.through;excitingsomethingC.across;somethingexciting D.through;somethingexciting【答案】D8.Abirdflewintothekitchen_______thewindow.(徐州)A.acrossB.aboveC.throughD.under【答案】C【解析】句意：一只鳥從窗戶飛進(jìn)了廚房。through指從物體內(nèi)部穿過，符合句意。9.ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCity_______theairport.(上海)A)atB)underC)onD)with【答案】A【解析】句意：Shirley仍然在飛機(jī)場(chǎng)等著飛往紐約的航班。attheairport意為“在機(jī)場(chǎng)”。10.ManypeoplelikewatchingChinesePoetryConference(詩詞大會(huì))_________TV.(云南)A.in B.of C.at D.on【答案】D【解析】句意：許多人喜歡在電視上觀看中國(guó)詩詞大會(huì)。onTV意為“在電視上”。11.—Whyareyouunhappythesedays,Julie?—Ican’tseetheblackboardbecausetwotallboyssits__________me.（丹東）A.behind B.nextto C.infrontof D.between【答案】C【解析】句意：——朱莉，你這些天為什么不開心？——因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)高個(gè)男孩兒坐在我前面，我看不到黑板。infrontof意為“在……前面”。12.Itisreportedthatheadsofthestate29foreigncountriesattendedtheBeltandRoadForumforInternational（一帶一路國(guó)際合作高峰論壇）May14and15,2017.(營(yíng)口)A.in；atB.at；forC.from；onD.of；in【答案】C【解析】句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，來自29個(gè)國(guó)家的國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在2017年5月14、15日出席了一帶一路國(guó)際合作高峰論壇。from表示“來自……”。3．表示相關(guān)、對(duì)象、對(duì)比、程度或范圍的介詞表示相關(guān)、對(duì)象、對(duì)比、程度或范圍的介詞主要有：about,between,but,by,on,for,to,besides,except,among等。1.Thepopulationofourcityhasincreased_____40%comparedwith_____of3yearsago.（包頭）A.by;thatB.to;thoseC.with;onesD.of;it【答案】A【解析】句意：我們城市的人口比三年前增加了40%。表示凈增加或減少的數(shù)量用介詞by；that替代前面的thepopulation。2.Iboughtsomeflowers______mymom______mybestwishesonherbirthday.(攀枝花)A.for;with B.to;for C.of;to D.from;with【答案】A【解析】句意：在母親生日那天，我為母親買了些花，代表最美好的祝福。buysth.forsb.意為“為某人買某物”；表示“帶有”用with。3.ThisisaprivateletterTom.Nobodyelsecanopenit.（萊蕪）A.for B.with C.from D.about【答案】A【解析】句意：這是一封寫給湯姆的私人信件。其他任何人都不可以打開它。for意為“為；給”,符合句意。4.There’sonetakenbytheRiverSeine________thesephotos.Canyoufinditout?(無錫)A.except B.including C.between D.among【答案】D【解析】句意：在這些照片中，有一張是在塞納河邊拍的，你能找出來嗎？Among表示范圍，意為“在（三者或三者以上）之中”。5.—Doyouhaveanythingelsetosayforbeinglateagain?—No,nothingsorry.(宜昌)A.above B.behind C.from D.but【答案】D6.—Whatdoyouusuallyeat__________breakfast?—Iusuallyeatnoodles.（濟(jì)南）A.forB.inC.fromD.on【答案】A【解析】句意：——你早餐通常吃什么？——我通常吃面條。eat…forbreakfast/lunch/dinner意為“為早餐／午餐／晚餐吃……”。4．表示方式、手段或工具的介詞表示方式、手段或工具的介詞主要有：as,by,in,on,with,through等。1.Mr.Zhaoisgoingtotheairport_______taxi.(海南)A.in B.on C.by【答案】C【解析】句意：趙先生將乘坐出租車去機(jī)場(chǎng)。表示“乘坐某種交通工具”用就by。2.HowdoesJane_________withhermother?________makingphonecallsorchattingonline?(黔西南)A.keepintouch;With B.keepingtouch;ByC.keepintouch;By D.keepingtouch;With【答案】C【解析】句意：Jane怎么跟她母親保持聯(lián)系？是通過電話還是網(wǎng)上聊天？keepintouchwith意為“與……保持聯(lián)系”；by表示“以……方式”。3.—Readingisagoodwaytospendthetimeontheplane.—That’strue.Inevergotravelling________abook.（孝感）A.without B.from C.on D.about【答案】A5．表示原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果或讓步的介詞表示原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果或讓步的介詞主要有：for,of,from,through,by,with,inon,at,becauseof,due1._______thescientists’hardwork,Tiangong=2\*ROMANIIwaslaunched(發(fā)射)successfully.(東營(yíng))A.AsforB.Thanksto C.Insteadof D.Accordingto【答案】B【解析】句意：多虧科學(xué)家辛勤的工作，天宮二號(hào)成功發(fā)射。thanksto意為“多虧，由于”，符合句意。2.Thankstoourteachers.____________theirhelp,wecouldn’tmakesuchgreatprogress.(新疆建設(shè)兵團(tuán))A.Without B.With C.About D.For【答案】A【解析】句意：多虧了我們的老師。沒有他們的幫助，我們難以取得如此大的進(jìn)步。Without意為“沒有……”，符合句意。3.thehelpoftheclassmates,hegottothetopofHongjunMountainsuccessfully.(遵義)A.Under B.in C.With【答案】C【解析】句意：在同班同學(xué)的幫助下，他成功地到達(dá)了紅軍山的頂部。withthehelpof意為“在……的幫助下”。考點(diǎn)六表示屬性、特征、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的介詞1.一I'mthirsty.I’dlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou,Dad?一Ipreferacupofcoffee__________nothinginit.(連云港)A.with B.without C.for D.to【答案】A【解析】句意：——我很渴。我想喝杯橘子汁。你呢，爸爸？——我更想喝一杯什么也不加的咖啡。with表示“帶有”。2.Everyoneisborntheabilitylearn.(煙臺(tái))A.into,to B.with,to C.on,in D.with,by【答案】B【解析】句意：每個(gè)人出生就具有學(xué)習(xí)能力。with意思是“帶有，具有”；第二個(gè)空用to，與learn一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式，作定語，修飾theability。鞏固練習(xí)：1.Over10,000runnersjoinedahalfandaminimarathonsinXianlin,Nanjing________May7,2017.(南京）A.in B.on C.at D.by2.It'sgoodforustodrinkmilk________themorning.(重慶)A.at B.on C.in D.from3.—Whatdoyouoftendo________classestorelaxyourselves?—Weoftendosomerunningorlistentomusic.（鄂州）A.in B.through C.between D.among4.—Whattimedoyouusuallygetuponweekends?—Iusuallygetup______7:00o’clockinthemorning.(懷化)A.at B.in C.on5.China’sfirsthome-builtaircraftcarrier(航空母艦)hitthewaterinDalianthemorningofApril26,2017.(鎮(zhèn)江)A.in B.on C.at D.to6.ShanghaiDisneylandopened_______June16,2016.Wewanttovisitit.（西寧）A.in B.onC.at D.of7.LastTuesday,LiMingandIdidasurveyaboutourclassmates'birthdays.Mostofthemwereborn__________August,2002.(內(nèi)江)A.inB.onC.atD.of8.___________April1,ChinaannouncedthatitwouldbuildtheXionganNewAreainHebeiProvince.(鹽城)A.OnB.InC.AtD.To9.TheDragonBoatFestivalis_______thefifthdayofMayonthelunarcalendar(陰歷).(濟(jì)寧)A.inB.onC.atD.by10.Myyoungerbrotherwasborn________thenightofJune21st.Heisverycute.(齊齊哈爾)A.in B.on C.at11.—WhereisMaryflying?(遂寧)—SheisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis_________themorningofJuly.A.at B.on Cin D.of12.___________May5th,2017,theC919tookoffsuccessfullyforthefirsttimeatShanghaiPudongInternationalAirport.(重慶)A.On B.In C.At D.Of13.ChinasuccessfullyhostedtheBeltandRoadForum______May,2017.(福建)A.on B.inC.by 14.“DoyouknowwhentheBeltandRoadInternationalDayis?”“Yes,itis_______December16th.”(貴陽) A.at B.on C.in15.MyGrandmagoestobed_________nineeveryday.(重慶渝北)A.inB.onC.atD.for16.Teachers'Dayis_______September10,andtheSpringFestivalisusually_______February.(通遼)A.in;onB.in;inC.on;inD.in;at17.Fatherbroughthislittleboytoaconcert.Buthewastooyoungtosit_____thewholeconcert.（河南）A.forB.withC.duringD.through18.Musichasbecomeabridge_____theEastandtheWest.(淮安)A.inB.atC.amongD.between19.—Ihaven’tfinishedthebookreportofJourneytothewest.It’ssodifficult.—Youshouldhurryup.Thereportisdue_________threedays.(黃岡)A.in B.for C.on D.at20.Mysonlivesalittlefarfromhisoffice,sohealwaysgoesgoworkbus.（資陽）A.onB.byC.withD.in21.—WhichisyournewEnglishteacher?—Theyounglady_________redoverthere.(青島)A.with B.in C.on D.for22.—WhenistheArtFestivalparty?(賀州)—It’s______seveno’clock______theeveningofNovember18th.A.at;in B.at;on C.on;in D.in;on23.—DoyouknowVictoryDayinChina?—Yes,it’s_____September3rd_____eachyear.IttellstheworldthatChinesepeoplelovepeaceandhatewars.Chinesepeoplewillneverforgetthehistory.(阜康)A.in;onB.on;/C.at;/D.on;in24.—Taiwanisanimportantpartof