專題15 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)（二）-中考英語語法單項(xiàng)選擇題專項(xiàng)突破（解析版）

考點(diǎn)四.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與then,atthattime,atnineyesterday,lastnight,justnow,from7to9yesterdaymorning等時(shí)間狀語連用。1.I______basketballwithmyclassmatesinthegymat4:30yesterdayafternoon.(來賓)playB.amplayingC.playedD.wasplaying【答案】D【解析】句意：昨天下午四點(diǎn)半我跟同學(xué)們在體育館打籃球。由at4:30yesterdayafternoon可知，應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.—What’sthematter,Jack?(達(dá)州)—I________downwhileI________ontheice.Igothurtbadly.A.wasfelling,skated B.fell,wasskatingC.fell,skated D.wasfalling,skating【答案】B【解析】while提供一個(gè)背景動作，背景動作是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動作，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)；而在背景中發(fā)生的動作更引人注目，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選B。3.—IsawMr.Smithintheofficeattenyesterdaymorning.（十堰）—That’simpossible.He_______anEnglishpartywithusthen.A.has B.had C.washaving D. has had【答案】C4.—Didyouhearsomeoneknockatthedoorjustnow?(成都)—Sorry.Itomyfriendonthephone.A.wastalkingB.talkedC.amtalking【答案】A【解析】句意：——你聽見剛才有人敲門嗎？——對不起，我沒聽見。我正在上和朋友通話。根據(jù)語境及時(shí)間狀語justnow可知，當(dāng)時(shí)“正在打電話”，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。5.WeTVfromseventoninelastnight.(白銀)A.werewatchingB.willwatchC.watchedD.watch【答案】A【解析】句意：昨晚從7點(diǎn)到9點(diǎn)我們一直在看電視。表示過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。6.—DidyouwatchthefootballmatchonTVlastnight?（隨州）—Iwantedto,butmyfather_______hisfavoriteTVprogram.A.watched B.watches C.waswatchingD.hadwatched【答案】C【解析】句意：——昨晚你在電視上看足球比賽了嗎？——我想看，但我爸爸一直在看他最喜歡的電視節(jié)目。表示在過去某段時(shí)間一直進(jìn)行的動作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。7.I_______ashowerwhenJimmycalledmeatnineyesterdayevening.（湘潭）A.amtakingB.tookC.wastaking【答案】C【解析】句意：當(dāng)吉米昨天晚上九點(diǎn)給我打電話的時(shí)候我正在洗澡。表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。學(xué)科@網(wǎng)8.—CouldyoupleasetellmewhereyoufoundMissLijustnow?(烏魯木齊)—Ofcourse,intheheadmaster’soffice.They_______happilyatthattime.A.talkedB.weretalkingC.havetalkedD.talk【答案】B【解析】句意：——你能告訴我剛才你在哪里找到李女士的嗎？——當(dāng)然，在校長的辦公室里。那時(shí)他們正在開心地交談。根據(jù)句意及時(shí)間狀語atthattime可知，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。9.—Didyouhearthestrangenoisenextdooraround10o’clocklastnight?(泰州)—No,I______myfavoriteTVprogrammeinmybedroom.A.watch B.watched C.waswatchingD.amwatching【答案】C10.Someexchangestudents________withtheirhostfamiliesthistimeyesterday.(上海)A)arechattingB)willchatC)werechattingD)havechatted【答案】C【解析】句意：昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候有些交換生在與他們的房東們聊天。由后面的時(shí)間狀語thistimeyesterday可知，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.提供一個(gè)背景動作。背景動作一般是持續(xù)性的動作，一般用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而背景中的動作則用一般過去時(shí)?！猈hat’sthematter,Jack?(達(dá)州)—I________downwhileI________ontheice.Igothurtbadly.A.wasfelling,skated B.fell,wasskatingC.fell,skated D.wasfalling,skating【答案】B【解析】while提供一個(gè)背景動作，背景動作是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；而在背景中發(fā)生的動作更引人注目，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選B。五．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常和already,yet,ever,sofar,uptonow,untilnow等時(shí)間狀語連用。1.—Peter,whynotgotoseethedolphinshowwithmetomorrow?（甘孜）—Sorry.I___________italready.A.willsee B.saw C.haveseen【答案】C【解析】由already可知，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.LastyearourclasssetupReadingCorner.Sofar,we______morethan200books.(海南)A.werereading B.havereadC.willread【答案】B【解析】句意：去年我們班建立了閱讀角，到目前為止我們就已經(jīng)讀了200多本書。sofar是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。3.—Oh,no!Wearetoolate.Thetrain_________.（濟(jì)南）—Well,we'llhavetocatchthenexttraintoBeijing.A.leavesB.leftC.willleaveD.hasleft【答案】D【解析】由we'llhavetocatchthenexttrain可知上一趟車已經(jīng)開走了，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。4.Wow!You_____dinner!Let’seatnow.(河北)A.cook B.arecookingC.willcook D.havecooked【答案】D【解析】句意：哦！你做好晚餐了！現(xiàn)在讓我們吃飯吧。強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。5.—DoyouknowtheColorRun,afive-kilometerrace?(2017·福建)—Yes.Sofarit______intoquiteafewcitiesinourcountry.A.comes B.cameC.hascome【答案】C6.MountYangmingisfantastic._____youever_____it?(永州)A.Have;visited B.Was;visiting C.Do;visit【答案】A【解析】句意：陽明山好極了。你去過嗎？根據(jù)語境及時(shí)間狀語ever可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.常與for/since引起的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。1.Betty_______hardsincelastterm.That’swhyherexamresultsaresogood!(廣東)A.hasworked B.willwork C.worked D.wasworking【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞since可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.I_______inthecitysinceIleftschool.(天津)A.liveB.willliveC,waslivingD.havelived【答案】D【解析】句意：自從我畢業(yè)以來，我一直住在這座城市里。since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。3.—Over100countriesandorganizationswarmsupporttotheBeltandRoadinitiative倡議)since2013.(襄陽)—Wonderful!Ourcircleoffriendsisgrowingbigger!A.giveB.havegivenC.gaveD.willgive【答案】B【解析】句意：——自從2013年以來，超過100個(gè)國家和組織強(qiáng)烈支持一帶一路倡議?！浅：?！我們的朋友圈在不停得增大。由時(shí)間狀語since2013可知，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。4.Lilyismyclassmate.We_______eachothersinceshecametoourschool.(北京)A.knowB.knewC.haveknownD.willknow【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)從句sinceshecametoourschool可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。3.在in/during/over/forthelast/pastfewyears等作狀語的句子中。1.Inthepastfewyearsthere___________greatchangesinmyhometown.(天水)A.hadbeen B.havebeen C.were D.are【答案】B【解析】句意：在過去的幾年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。由時(shí)間狀語Inthepastfewyears可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.Inthepastfewyears,manyschools__________thewaysofdoingmorningexercises.(重慶)A.change B.changes C.willchange D.havechanged【答案】D【解析】句意：在過去幾年里，很多學(xué)校都改變了做晨操的方式。inthepastfewyears是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。3.Iamsurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown,forit______alotovertheyears.(安徽)A.changed B.changes C.willchange D.haschanged【答案】D【解析】句意：我對我家鄉(xiāng)的新的面貌感到驚嘆，因?yàn)檫@年來，它發(fā)生了很大變化。由時(shí)間狀語overtheyears可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。4.havegoneto,havebeento,havebeenin的區(qū)別：havegoneto表示去某地了，可能在路上，也可能已經(jīng)到了（不在此地）；havebeento表示去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）；havebeenin表示一直在某地。1.—Hi,Tom.Ihaven’tseenyourparentsfordays.Wherearethey?（丹東）—Theyaren’tathome.They__________Americaforholiday.A.werein B.havegoneto C.havebeento D.willgoto【答案】B2.—MayIspeaktoyourheadmaster?(銅仁)—Sorry,heisn’there.HetoGuiyangonbusiness.A.havegone B.hasgone C.havebeen D.hasbeen【答案】B【解析】句意：——我能跟你們的校長講話嗎？——抱歉，校長不在。他去貴陽出差去了。havegoneto表示“去了某地（人不在此地）”，havebeento表示“去過某地（人已經(jīng)回來了）”。主語是he，故選B。3.—Look!YourteacherMissWhiteisoverthere.(南充)—No,itcan’tbeher.She_______toBeijing.A.hasgone B.hasbeen C.went D.willgo【答案】A【解析】句意：——看！你們的懷特老師在那邊?！豢赡苁撬?。他去北京了。答語“不可能是她”，說明他不在此處，應(yīng)用hasgoneto，意為“到……去了”；hasbeento表示曾經(jīng)去過某地。4.—WhereisZhangHua?(巴中)—He______Beijingtoseehisparentsandhe’llbebacktomorrow.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeeninC.hasbeento【答案】A【解析】句意：——張華在哪里？——他去北京看望他的父母了，明天會回來。havegoneto指“去了某個(gè)地方（還沒回來）”；havebeenin表示“一直在某地”；havebeento表示“去過某地（已返回）”。故選A。5.非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，可用延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的形容詞，be（+介詞）等。1.—I’msorryforbeinglate.(樂山)—Nevermind.Themeeting______foronly5minutes.Thisway,please.A.hasbegun B.hasended C.hasbeenon【答案】C【解析】句意：會議剛開始5分鐘。begin是瞬間動詞，不能與一段時(shí)間的狀語連用；beon表示狀態(tài)，可以持續(xù)。2.—Canyoutellhowlongyou_______theHuaweimobilephone,Mr.Zheng?(黃岡)—Nearlyayear.Itworksverywell.A.willbuy B. havehad C.havebought D.hadhad【答案】B3.Mygrandparents_____forover60yearsandtheyloveeachotherverymuch.(宿遷)A.havebeenmarried B.gotmarriedC.weremarried D.havegotmarried【答案】A【解析】句意：我祖父母已經(jīng)結(jié)婚60多年了，他們彼此非常恩愛。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語forover60years可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；bemarried表示狀態(tài)，getmarried是非延續(xù)性動詞短語。故選A。4.—Doyouknowherwell?(呼和浩特)—Sure.We_______friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.becameC.hasbecomeD.havebeen【答案】D【解析】由答語中時(shí)間狀語sincetenyearsago，可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，become為非延續(xù)性動詞，不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用，故選D。5.Hisgrandmother________for6years.Andhestillmissesherverymuch.（西寧）A.died B.hasdiedC.hasbeendead D.hasbeendied【答案】C【解析】句意：他的奶奶去世6年了。他現(xiàn)在仍然非常想念她。由表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語forsixyears可知，應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞，die為非延續(xù)性動詞，故用狀態(tài)形容詞?？键c(diǎn)六.一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的事情。1.—Hello,John.ThisisMike.Whatareyoudoingnow?(長沙)—I’mwatchingafootballmatch.Itstartedat7:30pmandonforanotheronehour.A.hasbeenB.wasC.willbe【答案】C【解析】句意：——你好，約翰，你正在干什么？——我在看足球比賽。下午七點(diǎn)半開始的，還得一個(gè)小時(shí)。根據(jù)anotheronehour可知，比賽還要持續(xù)一小時(shí)。故用一般將來時(shí)。2.—IwonderifTom______thisafternoon.(益陽)—Don’tworry.Iwilltellyouassoonashe______.A.willcome;comesB.comes;willcomeC.comes;comes【答案】A【解析】句意：——我想知道湯姆今下午是否能來?！灰獡?dān)心。他一來我就告訴你。if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，由時(shí)間狀語（thisafternoon）可知，從句表示將來的事，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)；assoonas引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，表示將來要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.—Excuseme,whattimedoesFlightBA2793leave?(蘇州)—Justaminute.I________itforyou.A.check B.checked C.willcheck D.havechecked【答案】C【解析】句意：——打擾了，英航2793航班何時(shí)起飛？——稍待片刻，我為你查一下。表示即將發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。4.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,robotcooks______inourfamiliesinthefuture.(泰安)A.appearB.appearedC.willappearD.isappearing【答案】C【解析】句意：隨著科技的發(fā)展，機(jī)器人廚師未來將出現(xiàn)在我們的家庭中。由表示將來的時(shí)間狀語inthefuture可知，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。故選C。5.Alittleefforteveryday,andyou________abigdifference.(濰坊)A.makesB.madeC.havemadeD.willmake【答案】D【解析】句意：每天做出一點(diǎn)努力，你就會有很大的作為。前文是一個(gè)省略的條件狀語從句Ifyoumakealittleefforteveryday…由此可以判定主句用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。6.Mother______meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.(重慶渝北)A.givesB.gaveC.willgiveD.hasgiven【答案】C考點(diǎn)七.過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間看即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Theypromisedthatthey________melookformykeyuntilitwasfound.Buttheysoonwalkedaway(無錫)A.willhelp B.havehelped C.wouldhelp D.hadhelped【答案】C【解析】句意：他們答應(yīng)幫我找到鑰匙，直到找到，但卻很快離開了。賓語從句中主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)該用過去將來時(shí)。鞏固練習(xí)：1.Mybrother___________theIndianfilmDangalwhenIphonedhimyesterday.(鹽城)A.watchesB.haswatchedC.iswatchingD.waswatching2.Mygoodfriend,Lily,toseemenextmonth.A.came B.come C.comes D.willcome3.—ThetownofHuarong_________alotinthepastfiveyears.（鄂州）—That’strue.It’sbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.A.changed B.haschanged C.hadchanged D.ischanging4.—WherewereBillandDavidwhentheteachercamein?（貴港）—They_____inthehallway.A.aretalkingB.havetalkedC.weretalkingD.talk5.Evenifyoulearnsomethingwell,you______itunlessyouuseit.(攀枝花)A.forget B.forgot C.haveforgotten D.willforget6.—Howmanychildrendomostpost-80s’familieshave?(宜昌)—One.Theytwointhefuture.Iguess.A.willhave B.had C.have D.havehad7.Mymother_____somewashingwhenthetelephonerang.(北京)A.doesB.didC.isdoingD.wasdoing8.—Youlooktired.What’swrongwithyou?(鎮(zhèn)江)—Istayeduplatenight.Imyspeechfromeighto’clocktomidnight.A.practiced B.ampracticing C.waspracticing D.haspracticed9.—Whereisyouruncle,Jane?(黃石)—HeisinGuangzhou.Heforamonth.A.hasleftB.hasgoneC.leftD.hasbeenaway10.—Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyanswered.（西寧）—I_______flowersinmygardenatthattime.A.watered B.waswateringC.water D.amwatering11.—Howareyoutoday?(武漢)—Oh,I______asillasIdonowforalongtime.A.didn'tfeel B.wasn'tfeeling C.don'tfeel D.haven'tfelt12.—Whendidtheclassroomhaveapowercut?(南京）—Thismorning,whilewe________aphysicslesson.A.havehad B.werehaving C.arehaving D.willhave13.Thevolunteers________alotofhelptotheoldandtheyoungsince2010.（孝感）A.offered B.haveoffered C.areoffering D.willoffer14.Myclassmates______abouttheWorldCup