銜接點(diǎn)07定語(yǔ)從句（學(xué)案）-2023年初升高英語(yǔ)無(wú)憂銜接

07定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句是高考的重點(diǎn)+熱點(diǎn)，定語(yǔ)從句的考查常出現(xiàn)在高考試題中的語(yǔ)法填空和句子翻譯中，尤其是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用法。高頻考點(diǎn)有:1.關(guān)系代詞(that.which.who.whom.whose,as)和關(guān)系副詞(where.when.why)的正確運(yùn)用，特別是它們?cè)诜窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用。2.限制性與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:3.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法;4.不定代詞/數(shù)詞+of

which/whom

引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:5.定語(yǔ)從句與名詞從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、并列句、簡(jiǎn)單句的甄別?！疽c(diǎn)梳理】?考點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞先行詞在從句中的作用who人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whom人賓語(yǔ)which物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)that人或物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)whose人或物定語(yǔ)as人或物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞that和which的用法區(qū)別只用that的情況先行詞是all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing等不定代詞時(shí)先行詞被theonly，thevery，thesame，all等修飾時(shí)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)只用which的引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)關(guān)系代詞指物，且前有介詞時(shí)情況關(guān)系代詞as和which的區(qū)別as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常譯為“正如……，正像……”。從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為see，know，expect，say，mention，report等which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾前面整個(gè)句子時(shí)，只能置于主句后，常譯為“這一點(diǎn)，這件事”等，which引導(dǎo)的從句與主句之間常含有并列或因果關(guān)系Thelittleproblems

that

wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.Ilivenextdoortoacouple

whosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.China

Today

attractsaworldwidereadership，which

showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.?考點(diǎn)二：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的作用when時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where地點(diǎn)名詞或抽象名詞(situation，point，activity，case，stage等)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)whythereason原因狀語(yǔ)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,when

theweathermaybebetter.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesinmunityactivities

where

theycangainexperienceforgrowth.Doyouknowthereason

why

hedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday??考點(diǎn)三：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說(shuō)明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句與主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，一般不用that引導(dǎo)。e.g.YesterdayImetLiPing,

who

seemedtobeverybusy.

(昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起來(lái)很忙。）2.which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可修飾名詞或代詞，也可修飾整個(gè)句子。e.g.Afiveyearoldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages，which

surprisesallthepeoplepresent.(一個(gè)五歲男孩會(huì)講兩門外語(yǔ)，這令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到非常驚訝。）3.

在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，還可把a(bǔ)ll,some，most,none或both加上ofwhich或ofwhom來(lái)修飾或限定先行詞。e.g.Helovedhisparentsdeeply,

bothofwhom

areverykindtohim.(他深深地愛(ài)著他的父母，他們對(duì)他非常好。）?考點(diǎn)四：“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，介詞的賓語(yǔ)只能用which或whom，且不能省略。Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskill

uponwhich

schooleducationdepends.一些專家認(rèn)為閱讀是學(xué)校教育所依賴的基本技能。September30istheday

bywhich

youmustpayyourbill.9月30日之前你必須繳付賬單。2．“名詞/不定代詞/數(shù)詞/形容詞比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)＋of＋which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，表示部分與整體關(guān)系。Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhich

hasbeenproved.科學(xué)家們提出了很多關(guān)于人類為什么哭泣時(shí)流淚的理論，這些理論尚未得到證實(shí)。Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhom

werewelleducated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.很多年輕人都去了偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)追求自己的夢(mèng)想，他們中大部分都受過(guò)良好的教育。3．在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，whose修飾物時(shí)可以換為“the＋名詞＋ofwhich”；修飾人時(shí)，可以換為“the＋名詞＋ofwhom”。Thenewlybuiltcafé，thewallsofwhich

(＝whosewalls)

arepaintedlightgreen，isreallyapeacefulplaceforus，especiallyafterhardwork.這家新建成的咖啡館，墻被刷成了淺綠色，對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，真是一個(gè)安靜的地方，特別是在辛苦工作后?？键c(diǎn)一考查關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.Aperson________emailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanyemails.(天津卷)A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoever2.Manychildren,________parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.(安徽卷)A.their B.whose C.ofthem D.withwhom3.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity________namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.(湖南卷)A.which B.ofwhich C.that D.whose考點(diǎn)二考查關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.They’vewontheirlastthreematches,________Ifindabitsurprising.(遼寧卷)A.that B.when C.what D.which2.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,________wasverykindofhim.(全國(guó)Ⅱ)A.which B.that C.where D.it3.WheneverImether,________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.(山東卷)A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that考點(diǎn)三查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.Mozart’sbirthplaceandthehouse________heposed“TheMagicFlute”arebothmuseumsnow.(上海卷)A.where B.when C.there D.which2.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.(福建卷)A.that B.when C.which D.where3.Lifeislikealongrace________wepetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.(重慶卷)A.why B.what C.that D.where4.Ihavereachedapointinmylife________Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.(浙江卷)A.which B.where C.how D.why5.—Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob________youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.(北京卷)A.where B.which C.when D.that考點(diǎn)四查關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.She’llneverforgetherstaythere,________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.(四川卷)A.that B.which C.where D.when2.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone________local5starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.(江蘇卷)A.if B.when C.which D.since考點(diǎn)五考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)1.Guncontrolisasubject________Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(陜西卷)A.ofwhich B.withwhich C.aboutwhich D.intowhich2.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof________Ihadevermetbefore.(全國(guó)I)A.them B.who C.whom D.these考點(diǎn)六定語(yǔ)從句考查新角度ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.(江西卷)A.init B.in C.inthat D.inwhich一、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1．Thisistheplace______isworthvisiting.2．Shehasabrother_______nameIcan’tremember.3．Theman_________isshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.4．People__________areagainsttheideathinkitisunnecessarytobuildthedam.5．Organicfarmersalsoplantdiversecrops________usedifferentdepthsofsoiltohelpkeepitrich.6．ThethemeparkyouareprobablymostfamiliarwithisDisneyland,________canbefoundinseveralpartsoftheworld.7．IlentsomemoneytoEarl,__________housewasdestroyedintheflood.8．Theclassroom，__________doorisbroken，willsoonberepaired.9．I’mfondofXiaoDuwhoisarobot_____________Icantalkatanytime.10．Victimsthankthose_________helpedthemrebuildafteranearthquakein2013.11．Thetouristwantedtobookaroom_________windowfacessouth.12．Thisisthebestway_________hasbeenusedagainstpollution.13．Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.14．Thereason_________IgotajobwasthatIworkedhard.15．Heputasidehisworktospendmoretimewithhisson,________justreturnedfromabroad.16．Iwouldliketoexpressmythanksinaway______hecouldneverimagine.17．Thenovelcoronavirushashadsuchadeepeffectonourlife______istotallybeyondexpectation.18．LoraistheveryteacherIlikemost,with______helpIhavemadeprogressinmystudy.19．Peoplearerequiredtowearmasksinpublicplaces,______ishelpfulforfightagainstthepandemic(疫情).20．Doyouknowtheplace__________heborrowedthebook?21．Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools________hehadvisited.23．Thenovel________you’reinterestedwaswrittenbyMarkTwain.24．_________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.25．Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,________isoftencalledtheHeavenoftheEarth.26．YesterdayImetanoldfriend,___________hadagiftofmusicwhenhewasyoung.27．Iwillneverforgetthosethreeyears,during____________timeIlearnedalotaboutlife.28．__________isreported,Chineseteamwonthefinal.29．Iboughtallthefoodintheshop,muchof_______________wasgivenouttothepoor.30．Ineverforgetthissummervacation,___________Ispentthehappydayswithmyfriends.31．Heistalkingaboutthegreatwoman,_________filmshavebeenoninmanycities.32．Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someof____________aremyfavorite.33．Thelastone___________leavestheclassroomshouldclosethewindows.34．DoyouknowMr.Smith_________storyisverymoving?二、定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)比練習(xí)35．a(chǎn).Thisisthehouse________Ilivedlastyear. b.Thisisthehouse________Iboughtlastyear.36．a(chǎn).IthinkBeijingisthemostbeautifulcity,________hasapopulationofover20,000,000. b.Beijingisthemostbeautifulcity________Ihaveevervisited. c.IthinkBeijingisthemostbeautifulcity,________Ispentmylastsummerholiday.37．a(chǎn).I'llspendmyholidayinShanghai,________livesmyuncle. b.I'llspendmyholidayinShanghai,________liesonthecoast.38．a(chǎn).Thisistheveryroom________Isleptinthatevening. b.Thisistheveryroom________Isleptthatevening.39．a(chǎn).Iwillrememberthedays________Ispentwithyouatcollege. b.Iwillrememberthedays________Istudiedwithyouatcollege.40．a(chǎn).Thatisthereason________hedidn'tgotocollege. b.Thatisthereason________hetoldmeyesterday.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換41．當(dāng)我們到達(dá)那兒，我們都對(duì)美麗的楓葉感到驚訝。美景讓人流連忘返。普通表達(dá)：Whenwegotthere,wewereamazedatthebeautifulmapleleaves.Thebeautifulscenerymadeusnotwanttoleave.高級(jí)表達(dá)：______________________________________________________________(用定語(yǔ)從句改寫句子)42．ThetemplewasfirstbuiltduringtheQinDynasty.(用定語(yǔ)從句改寫句子)Thetime________thetemple________________wasduringtheQinDynasty.43．Today,wewilldiscussanumberofca