英沃國際英語-大學(xué)英語六級測試卷3

英沃國際英語-大學(xué)英語六級測試卷3

(滿分461.5,及格分276.25,時間lh35m)

Part1Writing<30ainutes)滿分106.5

Directions:Nowadays,peoplearcgettingmoreoddickdt。livestreat.S?Kthinkthottheycangetalotacreinforaolionoboutthecutting他ctcdinologyor

thelatestnewsinseconds.vhiieothersUkeisasthesainrea￡oofornotbeingabletofocusoa$iudyin&.

Forthispart,yooarcallowed30iinutestorritcashortessayto$ho?youropinion.Youshould?nteatleast120wordsbutno?orcthan18。words.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40ninutes)淌分24i.5

Directions:Inthissection,thereisafxi^agcwithtenblanks.Ibuarcrcc/uircdtoselectonevurdforeachblankIruaalistofdtoiccaghtrtinatnrdbunii

MlovinitheiMssuttnc,ftvtdttieimxnuicthtvuxhutrefuflybeforeKnkinnyourdtoices.Atc/rchoicein(heIttuitiisidemifbyttletter.PleasemirA

theawresfiondingletterfareachittvcwdie,1ns?trSheetwithttsinglelinethroughthecenter.Yountynotuseanyofthetordsindiebanksorethan

once.

SectionAGuestions26to35arebasedonthetfollovinspassase.

Cultureistheui?totalofnilihetrsditions,cuxicnM,belief瑞nndwaysofIifeofagivmgroupofhuwmbui咫*.Inthis(26),

everygrouphas&culture,bowcversavage,undeveloped,oruncivili2editmaysc<mtous.

Totheprofessionalanthropologist(人類學(xué)塞)?(hereisnointrinsic(27)ofoneailtureoveranother.ju$;tastotheprofessional

Iinginstthereisnointrinsichierarchy(ttt#1/S);mnnglangiuiges.

PeopleoncethoughtofthelanjcuaKesofkKkvnrdgroupsas<28)andundevelopedforasofspeech,consistinslargelyolgruntsand

gronns.Whileitispossible(hatlanxiia&eingeneralIrgannsaseriesofgninisitndxroanti.itisafactesinblistiedIJ)'tliesti)dy

of1backwardMlangtuigcsthatnospokentongueansrcrsithatdescriptiontoday.Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsarc.bycxiriiK)stsevere

standards,extremelycanplex.deliente.andin2cfiiouspiecesofaachincryforthe(29)ofidciis.TheyfallbehindourWesternInnHmimnot

intheirsoundnnttemsor《30)structures,itiichusuallyarcfullyadcqimtc(oralllanguageneeds,butonlyintbeirxwabulnrics.uhidi

(31)theobjectsnndncliviticsknowntotheirspeakers.Eveninthisdcjxirtacnt.however.twothingsarciobenoted;1.A1Ilanguages

5mIo(32)theBiichinrryforvocabularyexpansion,ritierbyputtiiu：loRcthcrwordsalreadyhiexistenceorMborrowiiiKthrafrooiother

languagesundadaptingthstotheirownsystem.2.Ibeobjectsandactivitiesrequiringiiaacsanddastinctionbin"backranl,Iunguugcb.

?biledifferentfremours,oreoftensurprisitusly(33)andcoaolic^tcd.

Thisstudyoflanguage,inturn,<34>anewlightupontheclaimoftheanthrcfjologiststhatallculturesaretobe\iewed<35).and

withoutidca?ofrankorhierarchy.

A.savugeB.superiorityC.ccncciveD.transfer

idfntificiilion

F.gritaniiticalG.reflectH.repealsnunerous

indcpi*n<imtly

K.exclusiveL.castsM.senseN.oonfidcntially0.possess

SectionB

HowOZM^PollutionWodcs

A)TheweatherreportOHtheradioorTVtellsyou(hatit?goingtobesunnyandhotandthatanorangeozonealerthasbeenissuedWhatKsone?Whatdoesan

orangealertmean?Whyshouldyoubeconcernedabexjtrt?Inthisarticle,wewillexaminewhatozoneis.howitisproduced,whathealthhazardsitposesandututyou

candotoreduceozonepollution.

B)Ozoneisamoleculeofthreeoxygenatomsboundtogether(03).IttsunstableandhighlyreactiveOzoneisusedasableach,adeodorizingagentandasterilization

agentforairanddrinkingwater.AtkxvcorKentrations,itistoxic.Ozone阻foundnaturallyinsmallconcentrationsinthesuatewphere.alayerofEarth*supperatmosphere.

Inthisupperatmosptiere.ozoneismadeMienuhravioletlightfromtheMinsplitsanoxygenmolecule(02),formingtwosingleoxygenatoms!fafreedatomcoldeswith

anoxygenmolecule,itbecomesozone.Stratosphericozonehasbeencalled'good'ozonebecauseitprotectstheEarth'ssudacefromdangerousuttraviotetlight.

C)Ozoneconalsobtfoundinthetropo^phefc.thelow$(layeroftheAtmosphereTroptnpherkozone(oftentermed4bod“ozone)ismon?made&resultof。)

pollution

frominternalcombustionenginesandpowerplants.Automobileexhaustjndindustrialemissionsreleaseafamilyofnitrogenoxidegases(NOx)andvohblcQfgdnic

compounds(VOC),byproductsofburninggasolineandcoal.NOxandVOCcombinechemicallywthoxygentoformozonedunngsunny.h?gh-

temperMureconditionsoflatespring,summerandearlyfall.HighleveKofozoneareuiuallyformedintheheatoftheafternoonandearlyevening,didipatingduringthe

coolernights.

D)Althoughozonepollutionisformedmainlyinurbananduiburbanarea,itendsupinruralareasaswelLrarriedbyprevailingwindsorresultingfromcar,andtrucks

thattravelintoruralarejs.Significantlevelsofozorw

pollutionC3nbedetectedinruralareasasfaras250milesdownwindfromurbanindustrialzones.

E)You3nmakeozoneteststripstodetectandmonitorozonelevelsgyourownbackyardoraroundyourschoolYouwillneedcornstarch,flherpaper(coffeefilterwork

well)andpotassiumiodide(canbeorderedfromascienceeducationsuppliersuchasCarolinaBiologicalSupplyocFisherScientific).Basically;youmakeapastefromwater,

cornstofch4mdpotdSMum-iodide,aridyoupaintthispasteonstripsoffilterpoperYouthenexposethestripstotheoirfordghthoursOzoneintheoirwillreactwiththe

potassiumiodidetochangethecolorofthestripYouwillalsoneedtoknowthereiatrvehumidity,whichyoucangetfromanewspaper,weathertnoddeastorhome

weatherstation.

F)Whenyouinhaleozone,ittravelsthroughoutyourrespwdtorytractBecauseozone15mycocrosw,4damagesthebronchiotesandalveoliinyourlungs,a<MCSthatarc

importantforgasexchange.Repeatedexposuretoozonecaninflamelungtissuesandcauserespiratoryinfections.

G)Ozo怏wposwe2八Aggravateexiflingy沿“toryw<h"MM，yowivqfuna^on“dsadty?即dseandsu*chest3Me/heg

Votingchildren,adultswhoareactweoutdoorsandpeoplewithrespiratorydiseasesaremostsusceptibletotheh?ghlevelsofozoneencountereddunngthesummer.In

?竹。

additiontoonhurrunsrZztus<anphn?indHghcnagneult3aaMforytv^^tation

H)Toprotectyourselffromozoneexposure,youshouldbeawareoftheAirQualityIndex(AQI)inyourareaeveryday-youcanusuallyfinditinthenewspaperorona

morningweatherfowaitonTVorradioYoushouldalu>befamiliarwiththeUSEnvironnwntalProtectionA^ncy(EPA)guideforozone、婕nvaluer.

DWhatdothenumbersmtheAQImean?TheAQImeasuresconcentrationsoffivearpollutanu:ozone,sulfurdoxide.particulatematter,carbonmonoxideandmtfogw

dioxide.TheERAhaschosentlieiepollutantsascriteriapollutants,butthesearenotallofthepollutarKintheair.These

concwtratKxisarecomparedtoastandards帆outinMdcalIdwAnindexvalueot100rvwimthatallofIMcriteriapollutantsareatihemaximumlevelthatisconsidered

(afefoethemajorityofthepopulationToreduceyourexpowr^toO2one,youshouldjvotdermipngdunngafternoonandeartyeveninghoursmthewmnw

J>ThereareseveralwaysyoucanKelptodecreaseozonepollution.LinMtusingyourautomobiledunngafternoonandeartyeveninghoursinthelatespnng.summerand

earlyfallDono!u(egau>line-poweredlavi/nequipmentduringthwetimes.Donotfuelyour<ardunngtheset<nesDonotlightf<esoroutdoorgrillsduri”thewtimei

Keeptheengineofyourcarortx>attunedMakesurethatyourtiresMGpropertyinflated.Usenvironmentallysafepaints,cleaningandofficeproducts(someofthese

chemkalsaresourcesofVOQ.

K)BesideperwnalattemptstoreduceozonepollutiontheEPAhasinitiatedmorestringentair-qualitystandards(suchntheCleanAirActanditsmodifications)toreduce

airpollution.Compliarxewiththesestandardsbyindustries,manufacturersandstateandlocalgovernmentshassignificantlyreducedthelewisofmanycommonjir

pollutants

L)Withcontinuedconservationandreductionpractices,adherencetoozone-pollutionwarnings,researchandgovernmentregulationozonepdkrtKMilevelsshouldcontinueto

fall,hrrhapsfuturegenerationswllnotbethreatenedbythisenvironmentalpolluUnt.

M)ThethingthatdeterminewhetherozoneisgoodOfbadisitslocationOzoneis,'good?,whenitisinthe5trdto5phefeThestratosp^eisalayeroftheatmosphere

startingatthelevelofabout6miles{about10kilometers)abovesealevel.Thestratospherenaturallycontainsaboutsixpartspermiltonofozone,andthisozoneisvery

be<ov$e?abwbsUV八gdpre/ent$“fron)rexhingu$.

N)Ozoneis*bdd*whenitisatgroundlevelOzoneisavecyreactivegasthatishardonlungtissueItalsodamagesplantsandbuildings.Anyozoneatgroundlevelisa

problemUnfortunatelyineir3ndch^mbeilcprod/MbyirvluCri。，roxtwithlighttoproducelotsof67。醍a(chǎn)tgroundl^v?lIntheo?on?

levelcanrisetoapointwherertbecomeshazardoustoourhealth.That'swhenyouhearaboutanozonewarningonthenews

J6.WbMultravioletraysfromthe?jn決parjt?anoxygenmoleculemtotwoangleoxygenatomsinthearatoiphere.thecombinationofasingleoxygenatomandan

oxygenmoleculeformsozone

37.Youcanmakeozoneteststripsbyyourselftofindoutaboutozonelevels,inyourownlocale.

38.long-tiwexpexur。toozoneisbddlyharmfultoourreijXMtoryiystHn

39.ChemicallininduttnalwwtegasandvetiKleexhauttreactwithlighttoformlotsofozoneatgroundkvel

40.Internalcombustionenginesandpowerplantscausetheartificialtroposphericozone,alsoknownas"bad"ozone.

41.Ozone，veryhelpfulbecausehalxoebsUVradiationandseparatesusfromit.

42.Usinggasoline-poweredlawnequipmentinthelatespring,summerandearlyfallmayincreaseozonepollution.

43.Ozonepollutionoccursinurbanandsuburbanareasaswellasinruralareas

44.Inordertodrereaseozonepollution,theEPAhassetupmorengocou、air-qualitystandMds

45.PaycloseattentiontotheAirQualityIndexinyourareaeverydaycankeepyouawayfromozoneexposure

SectionC

PUSSKCOneQuestions46to50arebasedoathefollovinspas^gc.

Inthe1962movieLawrenceofArabta.onesceneshowsanAmencannewspaperreportereagerlysnappingphotosofmenlootvigasabotagedtrain.Oneofthe

loowiChiefAudaobuTayiofth。How^itatel^n3udd?nlynets*cameraandgtchxitAmItnthiCh?

r

smashingftopenTothedismayedreporter.Lawrenceexplains,Hethinksthesethmgswillstealhisvirtue.Methinksyou'reakindofthief.

AssoonMcolonizersand?xplorasb^gantakingjnwasintodistanttondkaoritb期ncrculatingatxxjthowindigenouspeoplewwthemx100kforWack

magicTheignorantnativesmayhavehadapoint.Whenphotographyfirstbecameavailable.scientistswelcomeditasanweobjectivewayofrecordingfarawaysocietiesthan

e^rlytraveleti'exaggeratedaccounts.Butinsomeways^anthropologicalphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresbackUpinto

the1950sMMI1960s,manyethnographersnoughtpurepictureofprimitiveculturei.routine?ydatingmodemaccoutrementssuchasclocksandWesterndfwsTheyp??d

andwomentore-enMtntualsortopow?atmembersofwarorhuntingpartiM.oltenwithlittleregardforverxityEdwardCurtkjhelegendaryphotographerofNorth

AmericanIndians.forexample.gotoneMakahmantoposeasawhale，withaspearin1915-eventhoughtheMakahhadnothuntedwhalrmageneration

ThrephotographsreinforcedwidelyaccepteditereotypeithatindigenousHu心weteKolated.primitive.andurxhangin^ForirutangNauonalGeographicma9axM4

photographshavetaughtmillionsofAmerxansaboutothercultures.AsCatherineLutzandJanoCollinspointoutintheir1993bookReadingNationalGeographic.the

magazinesinceitsfoundingin1888haskeptatraditionofpresentingbeautifulphotosthatdon'tchallenjewhite,middle-classAmerican

conventiomWhile(Urk-$kinnedwomencanbeshownwithouttops.forexample.whitewomen，breastsaretabooPJiotosthatcouldunsettkordi$turb,iuchasare^softhe

worldtomasunderbywarorfamine.arediscardedinfavorofthosethatreassure.toconformwiththesociety'sstatedpledgetopresentonlykindlyvisionsofforeign

societiesTheresulUutzondCollinswy.i$thedepictionofanidealizedandexotkworldrdetivdyfreecipdinorcld55conflict.

LutzactuallylikesNationalGeographicalot.Shereadthemagazineasachild.anditslushimageryinfluencedhereventualchoiceofanthropologyasacareerShejust

thinks12taspeoplelookattbcphotographsofothercultures.theyshouldbealerttothechoiceofcompositionandimages

46.Themamideaofthepassagei$

[川Pt)6“，epMUkenbyWesternexplores2。Westerner*peryp?。。Btheicd?e八。sculturesadtheWesternv>iue!

[BJIheceisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandthepnmitrvepeoples.

[C]PopularM的awxgweh叢NationalCMgraphicshould小owpicuecathewotieAnd口生M7Mworldstomaintainhghaly

[DJAnthropologistsaskthenativestoposeforthe?rpxtures,compromisingthetruthfulnessoftheirpictures.

47.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatearlytravelerstothenativelandsoften

[AJtookpictureswiththenatives

(B)gave-ggerMWaccountsofthealivelarxE

(C)Mkforpcturetfromtherutivet

[D]gavethenativesdocksandWesterndresses

48TheauthormentionsthemovieLawrenceofArabiato

[AJshowhowpeopleintheindigenoussocietiesareportrayedbyWesterners

IBIillustratehowpeoplefromprimitivesocietiesseecamerasastooho(bU(kmagicthitstealtheirwtues

(Qsbowhowanthropologistsportrayuntruthfulpicturesofnativepeople.

(D)$howthecruelondbarbariansideofthenativepeople

49"Butinsomewa^nthropologicdlphotographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresbdck.Mlnthbsentence.the*one{cultvre]that

staresback"refersto______

(A]theindigenousculture

(B)theWesterncultus

(C)theacademicculture

[DJthenev5biKin^wculture

SO.WithwhichofttwfollowingNaienwmswouldCathyinelutzm(xtprobaWy的r%7

(A)ReportersfromtheWesternsoclesshouldroutinelydeletemodernelementsinpaure(takenoftheindigenoussocieties.

(BJTheprimitiveculturesaremfenortothemoreadvancedWesternculture.

ICJThewesternmediaarenotprrentingapctur?ofthefarawayuxietiet

[DJPecpieinWesternnewtburnedihouldtrynottoehjllengethewell-e$tabhihedwhitemiddle-dMivaluer

Pasuge2

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improvcm(fccd.nKYaldc%clopmrnima)actuallysloporevenregrew.

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