《中西文化比較（英文版）（第2版）》unit 4 The Chinese and Western Festival

中西文化比較TheComparisonbetweenChineseandWesternCulture

Unit4TheChineseandWestern

FestivalBackgroundChinahasaprofoundculturewithrichanddiversetraditionalfestivals.ChineseFestivalsarecelebratedaccordingtoChineselunarcalendarorChineseagriculturecalendar.Allthefestivalsarecelebratedforgoodwishes,happiness,health,luck,wealth,andmostimportantly,familyreunion.Westernerscelebratelotsofholidayswhichreflectthehistorical,socialandculturaldiversityoftheirnationthroughouttheyear.Someholidaysarecelebratednationwide,whileotherholidaysarebasedonlocaltraditionwhichmirrorsthevarietyofexperienceindifferentregions.VocabularyExtensionTextA

Notes1.commemoratev.

torememberofficiallyandgiverespecttoagreatpersonorevent,especiallybyapublicceremonyorbymakingastatueorspecialbuilding①AstatuewasmadetocommemoratehighlyesteemedQuyuan.

為了紀(jì)念受人敬仰的屈原，人們?yōu)樗麡淞⒘艘蛔裣?。②TocommemorateQuyuan,ourschoolheldaspeechcontestonthethemeof

“LoveandSacrifice”.為了紀(jì)念屈原，學(xué)校舉辦了題為“愛與奉獻(xiàn)”的演講比賽。TextA

Notes2.dispelv.toremovefears,doubts,andfalseideasusuallybyprovingthemwrongorunnecessary①AccordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine,drinkinghotgingerteacandispel

coldnessinone’sbody.根據(jù)中醫(yī)理論，喝熱姜茶能夠驅(qū)除體內(nèi)寒氣。②AforeignerwillbedispelledfromChinaifhecommitscrimes.外國人如果在中國犯罪，將被驅(qū)逐出境。

TextA

Notes3.esteemn./v.torespectsomebodyorhavegoodopinionofthemself-esteem自尊①Herjobwashighlyesteemedbyalltheteammembers.

她的工作受到全部組員的高度認(rèn)可。②Sometimesawrongdeedsofapersonwilldropthepublicesteemofa

groupofpeople.有時候一個人的錯誤行為就能降低人們對一個群體的尊重程度。TextA

Notes4.conquerv.①totake

controlorpossessionof

foreignlandinthetext.②todealwithorsuccessfullyfightagainstaproblemoranunreasonablefear.①Natureisnottobeconquered,buttobelivedwithinharmony.我們不要去征服自然，而應(yīng)與自然和諧共生。②TheNormansconqueredEnglandin1066.1066年，諾曼人征服了英國。TextA

Notes5.paddlern.

apersontravellinginandcontrollingacanoeinthetext①Therewillbenosuccessinthematchwithoutthefullcooperationofpaddlers

andeveryotheroneontheboat.沒有所有隊員的通力合作就沒有比賽的成功。②Thestrongandrhythmicdrumbeatscansetthepaceforthepaddlers.強(qiáng)壯而富有節(jié)奏的鼓聲會給槳手設(shè)定一種劃船的節(jié)奏。TextA

Notes6.hulln.thebodyorframeofaship,mostofwhichgoesunderwater①Thehullisdecoratedwithred,greenandbluescalesedgedingold.船身上裝飾著紅色、綠色和藍(lán)色的魚鱗圖案，圖案四周描著金色線條。

②Henoticedthatagreatpartofthehullhasbeenemergedinthewaterdueto

theheavygoods.他注意到，由于貨物的重量，船身已經(jīng)有大半沒入水中。TextA

Notes7.

glutinousadj.

stickyoftenreferstofood①Stickyfoodsarefavoredbymanypeople,whileitisnotgoodtoeata

lot,especiallyforelderpeoplewhohaveweakdigestiveability.很多人都喜歡黏食，但是吃太多不好，尤其消化能力較弱的老人

必能多吃。②Thisareaisthehomeoftopqualityglutinousrice.這一地區(qū)出產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的黏米。TextA

Notes8.

tetrahedraladj.

ofatetrahedral①TheshapesofzongzirangefrombeingapproximatelytetrahedralinsouthernChinato

anelongatedconeinnorthernChina.粽子的形狀多樣，有南方的四面體形的，也有北方較長的錐形的。②Thistoyofirregulartetrahedronshapeattractedlotsofattentionofthevisitors.這個不規(guī)則四面體形狀的玩具吸引了很多游客的注意。TextA

Notes9.elongatedadj.

①Theelongateddonkeyfacelooksquitefunny.

這張加長了的驢臉看起來非常搞笑。longerandthinnerthanusual②Whentakingphotos,manygirlsfavoranangle

whichcanshowelongatedlegs.拍照的時候，很多女孩子都找能把自己拍成

大長腿的角度。TextA

Notes10.

calamusn.akindofreed①DuringDragonBoatFestival,bothcalamusandwormwoodarehangedondoors.端午節(jié)的時候，人們在門上懸掛蒲草或者艾蒿。②CalamusisaChineseherb.蒲草是一種中草藥材。TextA

KeySentences1.Itisafolkfestivalwidelypasseddownwithahistoryofover2,000yearsandisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsaswell.passdown流傳傳遞①

Manyfolkstorieshavebeenpasseddownjustbyverballanguageanditisagreat

pityifwedonotrecordthemforlatergenerations.②

Hisparentshopethathecanpassthisfamilytradedownandmakeitbetter.TextA

KeySentences2.

OriginatedfromtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,zongzihadreallydevelopedintoafestivalfoodduringtheWarringStatesPeriodwhenthegreatpoetQuYuancommittedsuicide.commitsuicide自殺---tokilloneselfcommitcrimes---犯罪commitoneself---表態(tài)TextA

KeySentences3.OthercommonactivitiesoftheDragonBoatFestivalincludehangingcalamusandwormwoodondoorsorwindows,wearingafive-colorstring,hangingtheiconofZhongkui,wearingperfumepouchesanddrinkingrealgarwine.Culturaltip:端午節(jié)的其他活動還包括在門上懸掛蒲草和艾蒿、系五彩線、貼鐘馗像、佩戴香囊以及喝雄黃酒。五彩線要在過完端午節(jié)的第一個雨天摘下，扔到水坑里面，這樣會讓自己擁有好運(yùn)氣。TextAI.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.1.ListsomefamousChinesefestivalsandtheircelebration.①TheSpringFestivaliscelebratedforfifteendaystoblessgoodwishesandhealthyyearforrelativesandfriends.ThesecelebrationsalwaysincludeNewYear’sfeast,settingofffireworks,givingluckymoney,payingaNewYearvisit,pastingcharacter“Fu”orGodofWealthonthedoorandgoingtotemplefair.②TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstmonthofChineselunaryear.Eatingsweetstickyricedumplings,enjoyinglanternsandguessingriddlesarefolkcustomsontheday.③TheDoubleNinthisobservedontheninthdayoftheninthmonthin

Chinesecalendar.Normally,toprotectagainstdanger,itiscustomarytoclimbahighmountain,drinkchrysanthemumliquorandwearthezhuyuplant.Besides,someChinesealsovisitthegravesoftheirancestorstoshowtheirrespect.TextA2.WriteashortpassageaboutthestoryofatraditionalChinesefestival.

InthelateYuanDynasty,ZhuYuanzhangwantedtoorganizeanuprising,butitwasdifficulttopassmessages.ThecounselorLiuBowencameupwithanideaofhidingnoteswith“uprisingonthenightofAugust15th”inmooncakesandtheuprisingturnedtobesuccessful.Sincethen,eatingmooncakeshasbeenacustomontheMid-AutumnFestival.TextA3.Whatistheroleoffestivalinreflectinglocalculture?

Asculturalphenomena,festivalsareacombinationofreligiousceremoniesandsemi-ritualspectacles,involvingworship,prayer,processionsandothertraditions.Theycreatetheperfectsettingforpeopletoknowaboutandsoakinthelocalcultureofacountryoraregionandinteractwithitspeople.TextAII.ExplainthefollowingwordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.dragonboat

A

dragonboat

isa

human-poweredwatercraft.Theyweretraditionallymadeinthe

PearlRiverDelta

regionof

China’ssouthernGuangdongProvinceoutof

teak

woodtovariousdesignsandsizes.

Dragonboatsarethebasisoftheteam

paddling

sportofdragonboatracing,awatersportwhichhasitsrootsinanancientfolkritualofcontendingvillagers.TextA2.lunarcalendar

A

lunarcalendar

isa

calendar

thatisbasedoncyclesofthe

lunarphases.Thiscanbecontrastedwiththe

Gregoriancalendar,whichisasolarcalendar

basedontherevolutionoftheeartharoundthesun.Becausethereareslightlymorethantwelvelunationsinasolaryear,theperiodoftwelvelunarmonthsissometimesreferredtoasa

lunaryear.TextA3.LiSao

LiSaowrittenbyQuYuan

isapoem

ofancientChina.

Inhisfamouspoem,QuYuanmanifestshimselfinapoeticcharacter.LiSaoisamajorlandmarkinthetraditionof

classicalChinesepoetry.TextA4.theWarringStatesPeriod

The

WarringStatesPeriod

wasanerain

ancientChinesehistoryfollowingthe

SpringandAutumnPeriodandconcludingwiththe

conquestoftheQin’scombiningallothercontenderstates,whichultimatelyledtotheQinstate’svictoryin221BCasthefirstunified

Chineseempire

knownastheQinDynasty.TextA5.realgarwine

RealgarwineisaChinesealcoholicdrinkwhichconsistsofChinesecerealwinedosedwithpowderedrealgar.Itisaverypopularpracticetodrinkrealgarwineaspartofthe

DragonBoatFestival

insummer.Thisisfor

protection

fromevilanddiseasefortherestoftheyear.TextAIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextAIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextAIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.

猜燈謎是元宵節(jié)的一項重要活動?；舻闹魅藭⒅i面寫在紙上，并貼在燈籠上。如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的禮物。因為猜燈謎能啟迪智慧又富有趣味，所以深受社會各階層的歡迎。1.GuessinglanternriddlesisanessentialactivityoftheLanternFestival.Lanternownerswriteriddlesonapieceofpaperandpostthemonthelanterns.Ifvisitorshavecorrectsolutionstotheriddles,theywillgetalittlegift.Asriddlesolvingisinterestingandfullofwisdom,ithasbecomepopularamongallsocialstrata.TextA2.顧名思義，冬至是“冬天到來”的意思。這是中國農(nóng)歷中一個非常重要的節(jié)氣，也是中華民族的一個傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也稱“冬節(jié)”。冬至一般是在公歷12月21日至23日之間。2.Wintersolstice,asthenameimplies,meansthecomingofwinter.AsanimportantsolarterminthetraditionalChinesecalendar,itisalsoatraditionalholidayforChinese,whichisalsocalled“dongjie”.Generally,wintersolsticeoccursbetweenDecember21st

and23rd.TextB

Notes1.witchn.awomanwhoisbelievedtohavemagicalpowersandwhousesthemtoharmorhelpotherbewitchv.

詛咒蠱惑①Witchesarebelievedtoridebroomsticksandcancastcursesonpeople

whohaveoffendedthem.人們認(rèn)為女巫都騎著掃帚，如果有誰冒犯了她們，她們就會發(fā)出詛咒。②Thebewitchedmonsterchangedintoahandsomeprincessimmediately

afterthegirl’stearsdroppedontherose.女孩的眼淚滴落到玫瑰花上，被施了詛咒的野獸旋即變成了帥氣的王子。TextB

Notes2.feastn.aspecialmealwithverygoodfoodoralargemealformanypeople①TheSpringFestivalfeastislovedbyChinesepeoplenotonlybecauseitis

deliciousbutalsoitenrichesthefestivalatmospherebypresentingthevarious

colorsandflavorsofthedishes.中國人熱愛春節(jié)的大餐不僅是因為美味，還因為這頓大餐色彩艷麗風(fēng)味多

樣，豐富了節(jié)日的氛圍。②TheopeningceremonyofBeijingWinterOlympic2022isavisualfeast.2022北京冬奧會開幕式是一場視覺盛宴。TextB

Notes3.ornamentn.anobjectmainlyfordecoratingpurpose①OrnamentsonaChristmastreeoftenincludestars,snowflakes,candycanes,little

toys,bellsandcoloredlightsandballs.星星、雪花、拐棍糖、小玩具以及彩燈和彩球都常常是圣誕樹上的裝飾物。②Nomatterwhatornamentsyouwear,whatreallyshinesisyourpersonalityand

capability.無論你身上有什么樣的裝飾物，真正能熠熠閃光的是你的個性和能力。TextB

Notes4.televisev.toshoworbroadcastontelevision①M(fèi)anyprogramsaboutChinesegeography,food,andcustomandtraditionare

televisedbyCCTV.

中央電視臺播放很多關(guān)于中國地理、食物以及習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)等方面的節(jié)目。②ThecelebrationwillbetelevisedbylocalTVstation.當(dāng)?shù)仉娨暸_將會轉(zhuǎn)播這次慶?；顒印extB

Notes5.resolutionn.

promisestopeoplethemselvesthattheywillimprovesomethingintheirownlivesJane:Whatnewyearresolutiondidyoumake?David:IhopeIcanhavebettergradesinthenewyear.WhataboutyouJane?Jane:Iwanttobeprettierandmoredisciplined.TextB

Notes6.inspirev.①togivesomebodyanideaforabook,a

designorsomeproduct②tomakesomeonefeelthattheywantto

dosomethingandcandoitinspirationn.鼓勵，鼓舞①Hetoldmethatwalkinginthewildernesscanalwaysgivehim

inspirationforanewpainting.他告訴我到曠野里走一走總能給他靈感而創(chuàng)作出新的畫作。②Youinspiredmeandmademefeellifeisworthliving.是你激勵了我，讓我感到生命值得。TextB

Notes7.championshipn.

①high-levelcompetitiontodecide

whoisthebest,especiallyinasport②thepositionofbeingachampion①Shehas

held

thechampionshipforthepastthree

years.過去三年，她始終占有冠軍的寶座。②HeonceparticipatedtheBritishDivingChampionship.他曾參加過英國跳水錦標(biāo)賽。TextB

Notes8.groundhogn.

asmallanimalwithshortlegsandrough,reddish-brownfurthatlivesinNorthAmerica①Isitlegaltokeepgroundhogsaspets?個人飼養(yǎng)土撥鼠作為寵物合法嗎？②GroundhogsarelovelysmallanimalslivinginNorthAmerica.土撥鼠是一種生活在北美的可愛的小動物。

TextB

Notes9.burrown.aholeinthegrounddugbyananimalsuchasarabbit,agroundhogetc.①HowwonderfulifIweretheboysleepingwiththelovelyrabbitsin

theirburrow!我要是那個能和兔子一起睡在洞里的孩子多好?。、赥hisplaceisdottedwithburrowsofrabbits.這個地方到處都是兔子洞。TextB

Notes10.hoaxn.adeceivingplanoratrick①SpreadinghoaxesisatraditionalwaytomakefoolsofothersonAprilFool’s

Day,butyouneedsomewisdomtomakethemwork.編織騙局是愚人節(jié)愚弄別人的傳統(tǒng)做法，不過要讓別人相信是需要一定

智慧的。②Iamimmunetoallhoaxes.想騙我是不可能的。TextB

KeySentences1.Throughouttheyears,therearesomeholidayswhicharemostcommonlyobservedbyAmericans.commonlyobserved普遍慶祝observev.觀察Studentsarerequiredtoobservecarefullywhentheteacherisdoingtheexperiment.TextB

KeySentences2.

Iffailtogetthem,theythreatentodosomeharmtotheinhabitantsofthehouse,whichisknownasplaying“trick-or-treat”.

Halloween’sthemeisscarythingsandsymbolsassociatedwithHalloweenincludeghosts,witches,bats,blackcatsandspiders.threatentodo威脅Thebadguythreatenedtoburnthehouse.trick-or-treat

不招待就使壞associatedwith與……相關(guān)TextB

KeySentences3.DuringChristmasAmericansdecoratetheirhomeswithlights,Christmastreesandornaments.ItiscommontoorganizeaChristmasmeal,whichconsistsofturkeyandfestivefoods,forfamilyorfriendsandexchangegiftswiththem.consistof包括Synonym:include;compriseCulturaltip:在美國，圣誕節(jié)互送禮物是傳統(tǒng)，天真爛漫的孩子們會以為圣誕老人給他們帶來各種新奇的玩具或者漂亮的禮物。禮物一般都要打好包裝，系上絲帶，收到禮物的人要當(dāng)面打開禮物，表達(dá)稱贊和感謝。書籍、絲巾、巧克力、帽子等都可以成為很好的禮物。TextBI.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish.1.ListoneortwofamousWesternfestivalsandtheircelebration.BattleofBritainDayisobservedonSeptember15th.ItisanationalholidaythatcommemoratestheanniversaryofthehistoricWorldWarIIairbattlein1940.ThisisoneofthepopularholidaysinEngland.AformalremembranceisobservedatBuckinghamPalace.BastilleDay

isthecommonnametotheFrench

NationalDay,whichiscelebratedonJuly14th.

Itcommemoratesthe

StormingoftheBastille

in1789,

animportanteventinParisinthe

FrenchRevolution.CelebrationsareheldthroughoutFrance.Theoldestandlargestregular

militaryparade

inFranceisheldonthemorningofJuly14th.TextB2.Writeashortpassageaboutthedifferences

betweenChineseQixiFestivalandWesternValentine’sDay.Valentine’sDayfallsonFebruary14theachyear.Peoplebuychocolateorflowers,orexpressloveandappreciationtothepeopleintheirlife,whetherthey’recoworkers,romanticpartners,friends,orfamilymembers.QixifallsonJuly7thaccordingtoChineselunarcalendar,sothedateisvariedeachyear.Itwasmostvaluedbygirlsinthepast.Today,itisstilloneofthemostlovedfestivalsundergoinginnovationbasedontraditionalculture.Redrosesarefavoredbyyoungpeopleasgiftsonthatday.TextB3.WhatarethedifferencesbetweenChineseand

Westernfestivalinorigin?InChina,lotsoffestivalsmainlyoriginatefromseasonsandsolarperiods,whicharecloselyrelatedtoagriculture.TheSpringFestival,theQingmingFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestivalareallexamples.WesternfestivalsnormallyderivefromreligionandtheirrelativeeventssuchasChristmas,soit’sobviousthatWesternfestivalsarecoveredwithastrongcolorofreligion.TextBII.ExplainthefollowingwordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.Presidents’DayPresidents’Dayisa

federalholiday

celebratedonthethirdMondayofFebruaryinhonorofGeorgeWashington,thefirstPresidentoftheUnitedStates,whowasbornonFebruary22nd1732.TextB2.LaborDayLaborDay

inthe

UnitedStates

isa

publicholiday

whichiscelebratedonthefistMondayinSeptember.Ithonorsthe

Americanlabormovement

andthecontributionsthatworkershavemadetothestrength,prosperity,

laws

andwell-beingofthecountry.

TextB3.MartinLutherKingDayMartinLutherKingDay

isan

Americanfederalholidaymarkingthebirthdayof

MartinLutherKingJr.

ItisobservedonthethirdMondayofJanuaryeachyear,whichisaroundKing’sbirthday.Theholidayissimilartoholidayssetunderthe

UniformMondayHolidayAct.TextB4.Father’sDayFather’sDayiscelebratedonthethirdSundayofJuneintheUS.Inthe1900s,Fathers’DaywascreatedwhenapersoncalledDoddSmartwantedtoexpressherdeepappreciationtoherownfather,WilliamSmart,whowaswidowedandraisedhissixchildrenonaruralfarmineasternWashingtonState.So,in1909,DoddSmartproposedadaytohonorherfatherinJune.TextB5.Mother’sDayMother’sDay

isacelebrationhonoringthe

mother

ofthefamily.TheearliestMother’sDaycelebrationscanbetracedbacktothespringcelebrationsofancientGreeceinhonorofRhea,theMotheroftheGods.IntheUnitedStates,Mother’sDaywasfirstsuggestedin1872byJuliaWardHoweasadaydedicatedtopeace.By1911Mother’sDaywascelebratedinalmosteverystate.TextBIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextBIII.Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionswiththe

correctChinese.TextBIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.ThefirstAmericanThanksgivingwascelebratedin1621tocommemoratetheharvestreapedbythePlymouthColonyafteraharshwinter.InthatyearGovernorWilliamBradfordproclaimedadayofthanksgiving.ThecolonistscelebrateditasatraditionalEnglishharvestfeast,towhichtheyinvitedthelocalIndians.1.美國人慶賀的第一個感恩節(jié)在1621年，為了紀(jì)念普利茅斯殖民地的人民在經(jīng)過一個欠收荒蕪的冬季后迎來豐收。在那一年，州長威廉·布拉德福宣布那天作為感恩節(jié)。殖民者把它當(dāng)成傳統(tǒng)的英國豐收節(jié)日來慶賀，在當(dāng)天，他們還邀請了當(dāng)?shù)氐挠〉诎踩?。TextB2.Easterhasbeencalledamovablefeastbecauseitdoesn’tfallonasetdayeveryyear,asmostholidaysdo.ChristianchurchesintheWestcelebrateEasteronthefirstSundayfollowingthefullmoonafterthevernalequinoxonMarch21st.2.因為復(fù)活節(jié)不是在每年確定的日期來慶祝，所以被人們稱為流動的節(jié)日。3月21日春分滿月后的第一個星期日人們在教堂慶祝復(fù)活節(jié)。ChunlianChristmasTreeTextCComparison1TheQixiFestivalValentines’DayTextCComparison2NationalDayIndependenceDayTextCComparison3RedLanternJack-O’-LanternTextCComparison4TeaEggEasterEggTextCComparison5Case

Study

不一樣的德國“五一”勞動節(jié)小陸到德國做交換生。他聽說德國的“五一”勞動節(jié)與國內(nèi)的十分不同，因此，在“五一”前一天，他和德國同學(xué)到一個小鎮(zhèn)體會不一樣的“五一”勞動節(jié)。第二天，鎮(zhèn)中央大街上音樂響起，一支交響樂隊把鎮(zhèn)上居民吸引到鎮(zhèn)政府所在的中心廣場，慶?；顒永_序幕。廣場上熙熙攘攘，孩子們你追我跑，好不熱鬧。消防隊給居民們來了一場“消防表演”以展現(xiàn)消防隊員的高超專業(yè)水平。小陸想到國內(nèi)Case

Study

“五一”假日，人們通常隨家人或者三五個朋友涌向各大景點(diǎn)觀光游玩，所到的景點(diǎn)人頭攢動，也是熱鬧非凡。不同的是，德國的小鎮(zhèn)通常在本地慶祝節(jié)日。在廣場上，小陸還看到了一根用綠樹枝和藍(lán)白相間的彩帶扎成的大花環(huán)裝飾的桿子，很多穿著民族服飾的男女青年繞著桿子唱歌跳舞。見小陸很好奇，他的同學(xué)饒有興致地說：“五月一日在德國不僅是勞動節(jié)，還是情人節(jié)！這個桿子名為‘五月樹’，未婚的男青年立好‘五月樹’，而未婚女青年則把自己的愛情心愿寫下來，掛上去，以期待美好愛情的來臨?！盋ase

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分析點(diǎn)評

中德兩國在慶?！拔逡弧眲趧庸?jié)方面存在明顯差異。中國的“五一”多被強(qiáng)調(diào)為勞動人民的節(jié)日。人們或外出游玩，或與朋友相聚，亦或居家休息，過一個輕松愜意的勞動節(jié)?！拔逶聵洹笔堑聡鴳c祝“五一”的傳統(tǒng)環(huán)節(jié)。它不僅與愛情有關(guān)，還象征著豐收和生命力。不論何種慶祝形式，都反映了中德兩國人民對美好生活的向往。Translation

漢譯英

1.潑水節(jié)

潑水節(jié)(theWater-SplashingFestival)是傣族(theDaiminority)最隆重的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。潑水節(jié)一般于公歷4月中旬開始，持續(xù)3～7天。在傣族的歷法中，潑水節(jié)就是新年。在云南省眾多的少數(shù)民族節(jié)日中，潑水節(jié)影響力最大，參與人數(shù)最多。在潑水節(jié)，傣族人盛裝打扮，帶著清水來到戶外。他們互相潑水，以此帶來好運(yùn)、快樂和健康。被潑的水越多，得到的好運(yùn)就越多，生活也越幸福。傣族人也邀請其他少數(shù)民族和游客共同慶祝潑水節(jié)。Translation

Keys

1.TheWater-SplashingFestivalTheWater-SplashingFestivalisthemostceremonioustraditionalfestivaloftheDaiminority.Itusuallybeginsinmid-Aprilofthesolarcalendar,lasting3to7days.TheWater-SplashingFestivalistheNewYearontheDaiminority’scalendar,andalsoafestivalwiththelargestinfluenceandmaximumparticipatingpopulationamonglotsofminorityfestivalsinYunnanProvince.Duringthisfestival,DaiPeoplewillgetdressedupandcarrycleanwatertotheBuddhisttemple.TheywillfirsttakeashowerfortheBuddhaandthenbegintosplashwateroneachotherforbringinggoodluck,joy,andhealth.Themorewateryouaresplashed,themoreluckyouwillget,andthehappieryouwillbe.DaiPeoplealsoinvitepeoplefromotherethnicminoritiesandtouriststocelebratethefestivaltogether.Translation

Keys

2.元宵節(jié)

元宵節(jié)(theLanternFestival)，又稱上元節(jié)，于每年農(nóng)歷(lunarcalendar)正月十五慶祝。元宵節(jié)之夜也是農(nóng)歷年第一個滿月之夜，象征著春的回歸，被視為家庭團(tuán)圓的佳期。根據(jù)中國習(xí)俗，在元宵節(jié)之夜，人們點(diǎn)亮精致的燈籠，外出賞月、猜燈謎、吃元宵，慶賀佳節(jié)。有些地區(qū)還舉行民俗表演，如耍龍燈、舞獅、踩高蹺(stiltwalking)等。元宵節(jié)是中國重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，已有2000多年的歷史。在國內(nèi)外，這個節(jié)日十分受歡迎。Translation

Keys

2.TheLanternFestivalTheLanternFestival,alsoknownastheShangyuanFestival,iscelebratedonJanuary15thontheChineselunarcalendar.ItisthefirstfullmoonnightintheChineseLunarYear,symbolizingthecomingbackofthespring.TheLanternFestivalisdeemedasagooddayforfamilyreunion.AccordingtothecustomofChina,peopleonthatnightcarrynicelanternsandgoouttoappreciatethemoon,lightfireworks,guesslanternriddles,andeatsweetdumplingstocelebratethefestival.Someplacesalsoholdfolkperformancessuchasplayingdragonlanterns,liondance,andstiltwalking.TheLanternFestival,animportanttraditionalChinesefestivalwhichhasbeeninexistenceforover2,000years,isstillverypopularinChinabothathomeandabroad.Translation

英譯漢

1.

Oktoberfest

AsanimportantpartofBavariancu