2021人教版必修第一冊Unit4 Natural Disasters 課時練習(xí)題及單元測驗含答案解析

Unit4NaturalDisasters

1、ReadingandThinking.....................................................................................................-1-

2、DiscoveringUsefulStructures......................................................................................-14-

3、ReadingforWriting......................................................................................................-23-

單元綜合測驗..........................................................-35-

1、ReadingandThinking

I.單詞拼寫

1.Naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,volcaniceruptions,eaiMhuuakes（地震）and

tsunamis,canhappenatanytime.

2.Thesedeadanimalsshouldbeburied（埋葬）immediatelysincetheyaren'tfittobe

eaten.

3.Ifyouaretrappedintheruins,pleasebecalmandwaitfortherescue（營救）teamto

help.

4.Abouttwentypercent（百分比）ofthestudentsinthisareacan'tpassthisexam.

5.Aftertheelectricity/電）wascutoff,thelightswentout.

6.Thoughexperiencingdisasters（災(zāi)害）,theystillhaveastrongdesireforstudy.

7.Peopleweredesperatelyseekingshelter（避難處）fromthegunfire.

8.Damage（損壞）causedbythefloodisveryterrible.

9.Uponhearingthefunnystory,everybodyburst（爆發(fā)）intolaughter.

10.Inancienttimes,peoplebelievedthattheycouldbebroughtbacktolifeafter

death（死亡）.

II.單句語法填空

1.Withmoreforestsdestroyed（destrov）,hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeing

washedawayeachyear.

2.Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewere

completelyinruins.

3.Thebigfirecausedgreatdamagetothebuildingbuiltlastyear.

4.Hewastryingtosavethegirltrapped(trap)intheburninghouse.

5.Biiryinu(burv)myselfinpreparingthecomingfinalexam,Ihavenotimetolearn

aboutthenewsathomeandabroad.

6.Anumberofteachersare(be)presenttoday,thenumberofwhomis300.

7.Second,therecordingpenwasnoteasytooperatc(operate),whichcausedmemuch

trouble.

8.Allthelistenersweregreatlyshocked(shock)whentheyheardtheterriblenewson

radio.

9.Whentheyputontheir3Dimageglasses,theywillfeelasthoughtheywere

(be)actuallyinaclassroomhavinglessons.

III.完成句子

1.Parentsalwayssparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirchildren'ssuccess.

父母總是會不遺余力為孩子的成功鋪平道路。

2.Thesituationiseasvtochanceifyoutakemysuggestionsintoconsideration.

這種處境很容易改變，如果你考慮我的建議的話。

3.Fortunately,afterbeinetrappedontheislandfbraweek,thepolicecametotheir

rescue.

幸運(yùn)的是，在被困在島上一周之后，警察來救他們了。

4.Theheadteacheristoobusytoansweryourquestion.

校長太忙了沒空回答你的問題，

5.MsMcCormack'sfeetflippedintotheairasifshewereanOlympicgymnast.

McCormack女士的雙腳在空中翻轉(zhuǎn)，就好像她是一名奧運(yùn)體操選手。

6.Itisshockingthattheaveragestartingageofsmokinghastrendeddownwardover

thepastdecade.

令人吃驚的是，吸煙的平均年齡在過去十年里下降了。

I.閱讀理解

A

（2021.南昌高一檢測）

Asmostpeopleknow,inthelastfewyears,sandstormshavesweptacrossmany

citiesandareasofNorthChina,pollutingtheairanddisturbingdailylivesofhuman

beings.Peoplelookdirtyandsuffermanykindsofillnesses,suchasbreathdifficulty.

Thesandstormissuchaseriousproblemthatithasnotonlyweakenedtheindustrialand

agriculturaldevelopmentofourcountrybutalsocausedalotoftroubletotheliving

conditionsoftheChinesepeople.

Therefore,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenassoonaspossibletostopits

happening.Sohowshouldwedealwiththefrighteningsandstorms?

Someexpertsofferpracticaladviceasfollows:Foronething,moremoneyought

tobeputintotreeplantingandforestprotectioninordertokeepmorewateronthe

Earth.Foranother,governmentofallcountriesshouldmakelawsonenvironment

protection.Forexample,banningtheuseofthrow-awaychopsticksandpunishing

illegaltreecutting.Scientistsshouldalsostudyandfindwaystolowerthegradeofits

destructionandtoimprovetheenvironment.Asfbrsomeschools,educationabout

sandstormsshouldbespreadproperlyandtimelytomakemoreandmorepeopleattach

greatimportancetothisproblem.

Howpeoplelookforwardtosunnydayswithsoftwindtouchingtheirfacesnow

andforever!Thegoldendayscancomebacksolongaswetryourbesttoprotectthe

naturalenvironmentfromtodayon.AndthefactisthatwhatIexpectisnotjustadream.

Therearesomesweetfruitsfromtheearlyefforts.

【文章大意】本文闡述了沙塵暴對工農(nóng)業(yè)及人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊?，并提出了一些?/p>

治沙塵暴的措施。

1.What'sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Badinfluencessandstormsbring.

B.Waystoprotecttheenvironment.

C.Thebiggestcauseofsandstorms.

D.ThefastdevelopmentofChina.

【解析】選A。主旨大意題。通讀本文第一段可知，沙塵暴在許多地區(qū)，污染了空

氣，導(dǎo)致人們患呼吸困難等多種疾病，擾亂了人們的生活。因此，本文第一段主要

大意是A項“Badinfluencessandstormsbring.（沙塵暴帶來的不良影響）”。

2.Howmanywaystodealwithsandstormsarementionedbysomeexperts?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，專家對處理沙塵暴提出了四項建議,

分別是：把更多的錢投入到植樹和森林保護(hù)上；各國政府都應(yīng)該制定環(huán)境保護(hù)法;

科學(xué)家們也應(yīng)該找到降低環(huán)境破壞程度的方法；學(xué)校及時開展沙塵暴教育。故選

Co

3.Whatwilltheauthorprobablywriteaboutinthefollowingpart?

A.Whypeopleshouldalwayscarryonwithdreams.

B.Abrightworldwithnosandstormsanymore.

C.Howtorealizeourdreamtoliveahappylife.

D.Successfulexamplesofstoppingsandstorms.

【解析】選I）。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，作者對于處理沙塵暴充

滿了信心，他認(rèn)為陽光明媚，微風(fēng)拂面不是一個夢，尤其是提到了“早期的努力中

有一些甜美的果實”，可推知，接下來作者可能會講到一些處理沙塵暴成功的例

子。因此，作者在接下來的部分中，很可能談到D項“Successfulexamplesof

stoppingsandstorms（阻止沙塵暴的成功例子）”符合題意。故選D。

B

（2021?煙臺高一檢測）

EarthquakesusuallyhappenontheedgesoflargesectionsoftheEarth'splates.

Theseplatesslowlymoveoveralongperiodoftime.Sometimestheedges,whichare

calledfaultlines,cangetstuck,buttheplateskeepmoving.Pressureslowlystartsto

buildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregetsstrongenough,theplates

willsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.

Generallybeforeandafteralargeearthquaketherewillbesmallerearthquakes.

Theonesthathappenbeforearecalledforeshocks.Theonesthathappenafterarecalled

aftershocks.Scientistsdon'treallyknowifanearthquakeisafbreshockuntilihebigger

earthauakeoccurs.

Shockwavesfromanearthquakethattravelthroughthegroundarecalledseismic

waves（地震波）.Theyaremostpowerfulatthecenteroftheearthquake,buttheytravel

throughmuchoftheearthandbacktothesurface.Theymovequicklyat20timesthe

speedofsound.

Scientistsuseseismicwavestomeasurehowbiganearthquakeis.Theyusea

devicecalledaseismograph（地震儀）tomeasurethesizeofthewaves.Thesizeofthe

wavesiscalledthemagnitude.

TotellthestrengthofanearthquakescientistsuseascalecalledtheMoment

MagnitudeScaleorMMS（itusedtobecalledtheRichterscale）.Thelargerthenumber

ontheMMSscale,thelargertheearthquake.Youusuallywon'tevennoticean

earthquakeunlessitmeasuresatleasta3ontheMMSscale.Herearesomeexamplesof

whatmayhappendependingonthescale:

4.0一Couldshakeyourhouseasifalargetruckwerepassingcloseby.Some

peoplemaynotnotice.

5.0-Ifyouareinacar,itmayshake.Glassesanddishesmayrattle.Windows

maybreak.

6.0-Itemswillfalloffshelves.Wallsinsomehousesmaycrackandwindows

break.Prettymucheveryonenearthecenterwillfeelthisone.

7.0—Weakerbuildingswillcollapseandcrackswilloccurinbridgesandonthe

street.

8.0-Manybuildingsandbridgesfalldown.Largecracksintheearth.

9.0andup-Wholecitiesflattenedandlarge-scaledamage.

【文章大意】主要介紹了關(guān)于地震的相關(guān)事實，如地震產(chǎn)生的原因、大地震前后會

有小地震、地震波的含義、地震強(qiáng)度的測量方式以及不同級別的地震可能會發(fā)生

的一些事情。

4.Ifa5.O-magnitudeearthquakehityourarea,whatmighthappen?

A.Yourhousemightshakeviolently.

B.Peoplemightfeelnoshakingatall.

C.Thefamilyphotomayfalloffthewall.

D.Theremightbecrackseverywhereonthestreet.

【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五段可知“如果你在車?yán)?，它可能會搖晃。

杯子和盤子可能會發(fā)出響聲。窗戶可能破碎?！狈治鲞x項可知C選項：如果你所在

地區(qū)發(fā)生5.0級地震，全家?？赡軙膲ι系粝聛?。故選C。

5.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?

A.It'sstillhardtotellforeshocksfrommainearthquakes.

B.Scientistscan'texactlymeasurethestrengthofanearthquake.

C.Peoplemayignoreforeshockswhenanearthquakeisnotsostrong.

D.Theearthquakewon'tcauseanydamageunlessitreaches9.0MMS.

【解析】選A。句意猜測題。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，一般來說，大地震前后會有小地

震。之前發(fā)生的被稱為前震。之后發(fā)生的稱為余震。由此可推知直到大地震發(fā)生，科

學(xué)家才真正知道這次地震是否是前震。可知畫線句子意思為“前震和主震仍然很難

區(qū)分“，故選A。

6.Howdoesthewriterexplaintheconceptsconcerningtheearthquake?

A.Bylistingexamples.

B.Bygivingexplanations.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.

D.Byofferingdata.

【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知在邊緣被擠壓的地方，壓力開始慢慢

增大，一旦壓力足夠大，板塊就會突然移動，引起地震。主要為解釋地震產(chǎn)生的原

因，可知作者通過解釋原因的論證方式來解釋了有關(guān)地震的概念。故選B。

7.Whafsthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toenrichpeople'sknowledgeofself^rescueindisasters.

B.Tostresstheimportanceofearthquakerescue.

C.Toissueearlywarningsbeforeanearthquake.

D.Topresentfactsabouttheearthquake.

【解析】選D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句可知地震通常發(fā)生在地球板塊的邊

緣地帶。以及后文主要說明了關(guān)于地震的相關(guān)知識，可知這篇文章主要是為了介紹

地震的相關(guān)事實。故選D。

【閱讀多維訓(xùn)練】

Pressureslowlystartstobuildupwheretheedgesarestuckand,oncethepressuregets

strongenough,theplateswillsuddenlymovecausinganearthquake.

句式分析：木句是一個復(fù)合句。句中where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句;once引導(dǎo)條件狀語

從句。

譯文：在邊緣被擠壓的地方壓力開始慢慢增加，一旦壓力足夠強(qiáng)烈，板塊就會突然

移動，造成地震。

II.完形填空

（2021.大連高一檢測）

Ifeltverydepressedtheotherday.Theweatherhadbeendarkandrainy,andIjust

didn'tfeelso1.

AsIwassittingatmydesk,I2itwasthebirthdayofadearlong-time

friend—asingle,middle-agedwomanwhohasdevotedthepast30yearstonursingand

lovingher3.

Knowingthatshedidn'thavefamilyintown,I4togiveheracall.Sure

enough,shewasonhershift,5toworklateintotheevening,andwouldn'thave

6_ofabirthdaythisyear.Asalways,though,she7cheerfulandwashappythatI

8.

AfterIhungup,Icouldn't9thefeelingthatshewouldreallyappreciatea

littleattentiononherspecialday.10feelingalittledepressedmyself,Itriedto

putitoutofmymind,butasthedaypassed,Icouldn'tshakethethought.I11gave

in,andsetofftothehospitalwithacard,acheesecake,andsomeballoonsthatevening.

Myfriencfsgratefulsmileandjoyfulsurprise12methatI'ddonetherightthing,

andtheywereagenerous13forthelittleeffortithadtaken.

WhenIgothome,IrealizedthatnotonlyhadIcheeredupa14friendonher

birthday,butmyownnegativefeelingshadalsodisappeared.Makingherdayhadmade

myown!It'sjustlikethesaying,“Lovingkindnessistwiceblessed:itblesseshim

whogives;itblesseshimwho15Lifeconstantlypresentsuswithopportunities

totakeanextrastepordoakinddeedthatwillmakeadifferencetosomeone.Andthe

wonderfulthingisthataswedo,itchangesthingsforthebetterforustoo.

［文章大意】作者講述自己在心情不好的一天給一個護(hù)士朋友過生日獲得的感悟:

生活總是為我們提供機(jī)會，讓我們多邁出一步或者做一件對別人有影響的善事。

1.A.specialB.positiveC.nervousD.scared

【解析】選B。句意：天氣一直陰沉，下著雨，我就是感覺不太舒服。根據(jù)空格前

的句子可知，作者心情不好,positive意為“樂觀的”，符合語境。故選B。

2.A.explainedB.complained

C.rememberedD.informed

【解析】選Co句意：當(dāng)我坐在辦公桌前時，我記得那天是一位老朋友的生日，她

是一位單身的中年女性，在過去的30年里，她一直從事護(hù)理而且熱愛自己的工作。

explained解釋;complained抱怨；remembered記得；informed告知，結(jié)合語境和下文

作者給朋友打電話可知，當(dāng)作者坐在辦公桌前的時候，記起了那天是一個老朋友

的生日。故選C。

3.A.familyB.trainingC.workD.school

［解析］選C。根據(jù)空格前的“whohasdevotedthepast30yearstonursing”可知,她

從事護(hù)士職業(yè)30年，說明她很喜歡自己的“工作”。故選C。

4.A.decidedB.continued

C.agreedD.refused

【解析】選A。句意：知道她在城里沒有親人，我決定給她打個電話?？芍?，作者

此時“決定”給朋友打個電話。改選A。

5.A.surprisedB.disappointed

C.boredD.prepared

【解析】選D。句意：果然，她當(dāng)時在值班，準(zhǔn)備工作到深夜，不會有太多的時間

過今年的生日。根據(jù)前面的"Sureenough,shewasonhershift''可知，她當(dāng)時在值班,

“準(zhǔn)備”工作到晚上。故選D。

6.A.muchB.manyC.littleD.few

【解析】選A。結(jié)合上下文可知，她要工作到深夜，所以不會有太多的(much)時間

過生日。much代詞，此處指代時間。故選A。

7.A.soundedB.looked

C.grewD.found

【解析】選A。句意：但是和往常一樣，我打電話的時候，她聽起來很開心。結(jié)合

上文知道作者是打電話給她的，所以根據(jù)語境可知，她是“聽上去”很高興。故選A。

8.A.admittedB.called

C.succeededD.apologized

【解析】選Boadmitted承認(rèn)；called打電話;succeeded成功;apologized道歉。前

文提到giveheracall,因此該空用動詞call表示“打電話”。她很開心作者給她打電

話。故選B。

9.A.experienceB.imagine

C.shakeD.understand

【解析】選C。句意：掛斷電話后，她一定會感激我在如此特別的日子里給她打電

話，這種感覺揮之不去。根據(jù)下文“…Itriedtoputitoutofmymind,butastheday

passed,Icouldn'tshakethethought.”可知，這種感覺一直在作者腦中揮之不去。

couldn'tshakethefeeling表示“某種感覺揮之不去”，故選C。

1().A.AlmostB.EvenC.NeverD.Still

【解析】選Do句意：我自己還是覺得有點沮喪，我試圖把它忘記，但隨著時間的

推移，我無法擺脫這種想法。結(jié)合本句中后半部分“我盡力要把它驅(qū)散，但是無法

擺脫。”可知，作者“仍然”感到沮喪，與文章開頭相呼應(yīng)。故選D。

11.A.luckilyB.finally

C.unhappilyD.hardly

【解析】選Bo句意：我終于屈服了，帶著一張卡片，一個奶酪蛋糕，還有幾個氣

球去了醫(yī)院。luckily幸運(yùn)地；finally終于；unhappily不開心她；hardly幾乎不。結(jié)

合上文作者的心情沮喪，盡力去接脫這種想法，但是經(jīng)過一天的時間，還是沒能擺

脫，所以“最終”屈服了。故選B。

12.A.convincedB.advised

C.promisedD.reminded

【解析】選A。句意：我朋友感激的微笑和喜悅的驚喜，讓我相信我做了正確的事,

這是對我付出的小小努力的慷慨回報。convinced使信服；advised建議；promised

承諾，答應(yīng)；reminded提醒。根據(jù)語境可知，朋友的神情讓作者“確信”自己做對了。

故選A。

13.A.responseB.contribution

C.rewardD.share

【解析】選C。response回應(yīng)；contribution貢獻(xiàn)；reward回報；share分享。她的

笑容和驚8?使作者確信自己做對了，這也是對作者慷慨的“回報reward符合文

意。故選C。

14.A.carelessB.lonely

C.weakD.curious

【解析】選Bo句意：當(dāng)我回到家，我意識到，我不僅在一個孤獨(dú)的朋友的生日當(dāng)

天讓她高興起來，而且我自己的消極情緒也消失了。由前文的shedidn'thavefamily

intown可知，作者的朋友是“孤獨(dú)的故選B。

15.A.triesB.receives

C.expectsD.cares

【解析】選B。句意：善良是雙倍的祝福，它既祝福給予的人，也祝福得到的人。

tries試圖；receives接受；expects期望；cares關(guān)心。根據(jù)空格前的gives可知，應(yīng)用

receives與gives相對應(yīng)。故選B。

IH.閱讀填句

（2021?廈門高一檢測）

Beingpreparedandknowingtherightthingsyouhavetododuringthefloodwill

giveyougreaterchancetobesafeandsurvive.Youcanhavesomethingfollowingin

mind.

1

Findingouthowlongthefloodisexpectedtolastwillguideyouintheproper

measuresandpreventionyouhavetodo.Sodolistentotheweatherreport.Don'tpay

attentiontorumors（謠言）.

Prepareandkeepnecessarysuppliesthatwillbeusableandwilllastlongenough.

Makesurethatnecessaryitemsduringthefloodareready.2Theyarecandles,

radio,extrabatteries,cash,phones,medicines,extrafood,emergencycooking

equipment,andbottledwater,aswaterservicemaybecutoff.

Knowtheemergency（緊急情況）numbersinyourplace.

Incaseofemergencyconditionswhereyouneedfurtherhelp,youwillbeableto

askforhelp.3

Stayinasafeplace.

4Ifyourhouseiswell-builtandwon'tbeaffectedbyflood,thenitmaybethe

bestplacetobeduringastorm.Beawareofthefloodsignalinyourplacetohelpyou

decideonwheretostayandreacttothecondition.Thefloodoftencomeswiththe

strongwindsoboardupandclosewindows.5

A.Knowaboutthelatestweatherconditionsinyourarea.

B.WeUlkeepyouupdatedwithweatherinformationallday.

C.Importantitemstoprepareforthatwillhelpyousurvive.

D.Youcandial911orcommunicatewiththerightdepartment.

E.Docheckeverythingthatmightbeblownawayorturnloose.

F.Stayawayfromlow-lyingplaceswhichmaybesweptawaybystormwaves.

G.Rundowntotheseaasquicklyaspossibleeveniffurtherfloodingislikelytooccur.

【文章大意】做好準(zhǔn)備，了解在洪水期間必須做的正確的事情將會給你帶來更多安

全和生存的機(jī)會。文章介紹了一些在洪水期間要牢記的事情。

1.【解析】選A。此空是小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文：所以一定要聽天氣預(yù)報。可知,A項

Knowaboutthelatestweatherconditionsinyourarea.（T解你所在地區(qū)的最新天氣

情況。）符合上下文語境。故選A。

2.【解析】選Co根據(jù)上句：確保洪水期間的必要物品準(zhǔn)備好了。再根據(jù)空格下

句可知，C項Importantitemstoprepareforthatwillhelpyousurvive.（重要的東西要

做好準(zhǔn)備，這將有助于你的生存。）符合上下文語境。故選C。

3.【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文：在需要進(jìn)一步幫助的緊急情況下，你將能夠?qū)で髱椭?/p>

可知，D項Youcandial911orcommunicatewiththerightdepartment.（你可以撥打報

警電話，或者與正確的部門聯(lián)系。）符合上下文語境。故選D,

4.【解析】選F。根據(jù)下文：如果你的房子建得很好，不會受到洪水的影響，那么

它可能是暴風(fēng)雨中最好的地方,可知，F(xiàn)項Stayawayfromlow-lyingplaceswhich

maybesweptawaybystormwaves.（遠(yuǎn)離那些可能被風(fēng)暴沖走的低洼地帶。）符合

上下文語境。故選F。

5.【解析】選E。根據(jù)上句：洪水通常伴隨著強(qiáng)風(fēng)而來，所以用擋板圍住和關(guān)閉窗

戶?？芍珽項Docheckeverythingthatmightbeblownawayorturnloose.（要檢查所

有可能被吹走或松動的東西。）符合上下文語境。故選E。

語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Inordertoencourageliteracy(讀寫能力)amongkidswhoaremoreusedto

playingontheirsmartdevices.LACounty1.(library)arenolongercharging

librarylatefeesforyoungreaders.Tomakeiteven2.(easy)forthekids,

theirschoolshavealsosignedupforlibrarycardsforthem.

Forthose3.alreadyhavealatefeebalance,thelibraryoffersaunique

waytopayitbackbyreadingitaway.

Kidscannowgototheirlocallibraryandtellthelibrarianthattheywouldlike

4.(pay)offtheirbalance.Inturn,thelibrarianwillstartatimerandforevery

hourkidsspendsreading$55.(take)offoftheirdebt.Atleast100students

everyweek6.(read)awaytheirdebtandatotalof3,500blockedaccounts

havebeencleared.Thisdebtreliefcanalsobeusedforpayingofflostor

7.(damage)booksaswell.

Theprogramhasalreadyhadamajoreffect8.readershipinthecounty.

15,000kidshaveusedtheirnewlibrarycardsandparentssaidtheyallowedtheir

childrentocheckbooksoutduetothe9.(decide).

10.seemsthatthesmellofoldbookscanstillhaveaplaceinthe

youngergeneration'shearts—theyjustneedabitofencouragement.

【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了洛杉磯縣圖書館為鼓勵孩子讀寫識字

所采取的措施。圖書館不再向讀者收取滯納金，而是可以通過閱讀的方式償還滯納

金或賠償損壞的書籍。

1.【解析】libraries?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。句意：為了鼓勵那些習(xí)慣玩電子設(shè)備的孩子

讀寫識字，洛杉磯圖書館不再向年輕讀者收取圖書滯納金。分析句子可知，句中be

動詞使用了復(fù)數(shù)形式are,為保持主謂一致，因此主語要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填

librarieso

2.【解析】easier。考查形容詞比較級。句意：為了讓孩子們更方便，他們的學(xué)校

還為他們辦理了圖書館借書卡,前文提到的youngreaders與該句中的kids形成了

對比,even后可用形容詞比較級，加強(qiáng)語氣表示強(qiáng)度，意為“比……更；還要故填

easiero

3.【解析】who?？疾殛P(guān)系代詞。句意：對于已經(jīng)存在滯納金的人來說，圖書館提

供了一種獨(dú)特的方式，通過閱讀來償還。分析句子可知，該句為定語從句，從句中

缺少主語成分，且先行詞是those,因此只能使用關(guān)系代詞who作主語。故填who。

4.【解析】topay?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，孩子們可以去當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館，告

訴圖書管理員他們想要還清滯納金。分析句子可知，此處是固定搭配wouldliketo

dosth.意為“想要做某事故填lopay。

5.【解析】istaken?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：相反，圖書管理員會開始計時，孩

子們每讀一小時書，就會從他們的滯納金中扣除5美元。分析句子可知，5美元與

takeoff之間是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，基數(shù)詞加上表示時間、距離、價值或其他度量

單位的名詞時，常?？闯墒且粋€整體，作為主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，且此處陳述一

般事實，be動詞需使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填istakeno

6.【解析】havereado考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：每周至少有100名學(xué)生通過閱讀還

清他們的債務(wù),3500個被封的賬號還清了債務(wù)。分析句子可知，此處表示通過閱讀

已經(jīng)還清了債務(wù)，即動作從過去開始，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束并對現(xiàn)在造成了影響，因此

需使用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填haveread。

7.【解析】damaged?？疾樾稳菰~。句意：這種債務(wù)的減免也可以用來賠償丟失或

損壞的書籍。分析句子可知，名詞books前需用形容詞修飾，故填damaged。

8.【解析】on。考查介詞。句意：這個項目對全縣的讀者產(chǎn)生了重大的影響。分

析句子可知，此處為固定詞組have...effecton意為"對...產(chǎn)生影響“。故填on。

9.【解析】decision?？疾槊~。句意：有15000名兒童已經(jīng)使用了他們的新圖書

卡。家長們說因為這項決議，他們允許自己的孩子去借書。分析句子可知，此處特

指“這項決議”，應(yīng)使用名詞。故填decision。

10.【解析】It?？疾楣潭ň湫汀＞湟猓号f書的味道似乎在年經(jīng)一代的心中仍有一

席之地——他們只是需要一點鼓勵。此處為固定句型Itseemsthat.意為“似乎;

看起來;好像”，故填I(lǐng)t。

2、DiscoveringUsefulStructures

I.單句語法填空

1.Wecametoaplacethat/whichwehadneverpaidavisittobefore.

2.Thisistheschoolthat/whichwevisitedyesterday.

3.Allthebooksthatyouborrowedfromthelibraryshouldbereturned.

4.Themanthat/whoisspeakingnowisLiuFang'sfather.

5.Hewaslatefortheopeningceremony,whichwasverysurprisingtoall.

6.LuXun,whoserealnameisZhouShuren,wasafamouswriter.

7.Themanwho/lhatiswalkingontheplaygroundismyoldfriend.

8.Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.

9.Canyoustillrememberthetimethat/whichwespenttogetherinourchildhood?

10.Thetyphoonthat/whichkilledmanypeoplewasreallyterrible.

11.Isthereanythingthatyoudon'tunderstandabouttheproblem?

II.使用定語從句將所給的兩個句子合并成一個句子

1.1haveafriend.Shelikesplayingtabletennisverymuch.

Ihaveafriendvho/thatlikesplavinztabletennisvenmuch.

2.Tomwaslateforschoolagain.Itmadetheteacherveryangry.

Toinwaslateforschoolagain,whichmadetheteacherveryanerv.

3.Themanusedtobeafootballplayer.Heisthechairmanoftheclub.

Themanwho/thatisthechairmanoftheclubusedtobeafootball

4.Kevinisreadingabook.It\toodifficultfbrhim.

Kevinisreadingabookvvhich/thalistoodifficultforhim.

5.Theboyhelpedmewithmymaths.Heisrunningontheplaygroundnow.

Theboywho/thathelpedmewithm、mathsisrunningonthepla、eroundnow.

6.ThegirlspeaksEnglishwell.Herfatherisateacher.

ThewhosefatherisateacherspeaksEnglishwell.

7.ThepersonisMrBall.Youshouldrefertohimaboutthematter.

TheIhat/whoinyoushouldrefert（）aboutthemalteris\IrBall.

8.Thepenwriteswell.Itwasgivenbymymother.

Thepenwhich/thatwasgivenmymotherwriteswell.

9.MrGreenlivesinthehouse.Itswindowfacessouth.

MrGreenlivesinthehousewhosewind。Mfacessouth.

10.Thegirliswelldressed.Sheisateacherinourschool.

Theiirlwho/thatiswelldressedisateacherinourschool.

I.閱讀理解

（2021?莆田高一檢測）

AverydangeroussituationhappenedinCalifornialastweek.Morethan12

wildfiresbrokeoutinthestate.MostofthembeganonOctober8,inNorthern

California.Theygrewrapidly.Thefiresweremadebiggerbywindsofupto50miles

perhouranddryairinthearea.

Atleast20peoplehavebeenkilled,thestategovernmentsaid.About200have

beeninjured.Atleast3,500homesandbusinesseshavebeendestroyed.About50,000

peoplehavebeenrequiredtoescape.Manyleftinahurry,withoutlimetotaketheir

personalthings.<4A11thegoodstuff（東西）一I'mnevergoingtoseeitagain,“Jeff

Okrcpkiesaid.HeescapedfromhisSantaRosahome.Itwasdestroyedsoonafterhe

left.

Thefiresburnedthroughpartsofeightcounties（郡，縣）.TheseincludeSonoma

andNapa.TheareasareimportanttoCalifornianseconomy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）.Theyarehometo

manyofthestate'svineyards（葡萄園）andwineries（釀酒廠）.In2016,California^

wineriesmademorethan$57billion.

OctoberiswhenwildfiresusuallyproducethemostruinsinCalifornia.Butitis

unusualfbrsomanyfirestostartatonce.Uptonow,thegovernmenthasnotgivena

causefbranyofthefires,manyofwhichwerestillburning.

【文章大意】文章報道了加利福尼亞州的大火火勢以及大火給人們的生活和經(jīng)濟(jì)

帶來的影響。

1.Whydidthefiresgrowquickly?

A.MostofthefiresbeganinOctober.

B.12fireshappenedatthesametime.

C.Thestategovernmentdidn'tdoanything.

D.High-speedwindanddryair.

【解析】選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Thefiresweremadebiggerbywindsofupto

50milesperhouranddryairinthearea.“可知，大火是因為每小時達(dá)50英里的大風(fēng)

及該地區(qū)干燥的空氣而蔓延得快。故選D。

2.Howmanypeoplehavetoleavetheirhomes?

A.50,000.B.200.C.3,500.D.20.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“About50,000peoplehavebeenrequiredto

escape.”可知，有50000人需要離開他們的家園。題干中l(wèi)eavetheirhomes在文中

體現(xiàn)為動詞escapeo故選A。

3.WhatisthebiggestlossfbrCalifbmia,seconomy?

A.Homeshavebeendestroyed.

B.Winerieshavebeenburned.

C.Peoplehavetoleavetheirhomes.

D.Manypeoplehavebeeninjured.

【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知，大火燒到了加利福尼亞州葡萄園和釀

酒廠的大本營Sonoma和Napa。它們是加利福尼亞州經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分。所以

經(jīng)濟(jì)損失主要體現(xiàn)在葡萄園、釀酒廠被燒毀。故選B。

【閱讀多維訓(xùn)練】

Uptonow,thegovernmenthasnotgivenacauseforanyofthefires,manyofwhich

werestillburning.

句式分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。句中manyofwhichwerestillburning為非限制性定

語從句，修飾先行詞fires;uptonow“直到現(xiàn)在”，與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。

譯文：直到現(xiàn)在，政府還沒有給出火災(zāi)起因的任何消息，還有很多大火在燃燒著。

II.完形填空

（2021?荷澤高一檢測）

LesBrownisoneoftheworld'sgreatestspeakers.Heisalsoathoughtleaderon

self-improvementand1

However,Lesfounditdifficulttolearnknowledgewhenhewasa2.During

hisschooldays,hewasthoughtas"3tolearnwell”bytheteachersandplaced_4

from6thgradeto5thgrade.Tomakethingsworse,hehadatwinbrotherwhowas

ratherbrightand5soLeswas6byhisclassmates.

Onedayateacheraskedhimto7aproblemontheblackboard,butLes_8

andsaidthathecouldn't."Ofcourseyoucan,theteacherreplied9."Youngman,

comehereandsolvethisproblemforme.”

“ButIcan't,"1（）Les."I'masillyboy”.Therestoftheclassburst（爆發(fā)）

into11.Atthatpoint,theteachersteppedoutfrombehindhisdeskandlookedLes

straightintheeye."Don'teversaythatagain,“hetoldhimfirmly.^Someoneelse's

opinionofyoudoesnothavetobecomeyour12.”

Lesnever13thosewords,andspenttherestofhislifefacing14,setting

andfollowinghisgoals.Timeandtimeagain,thankstotheteacher'spowerfulwords,

Leshasbeenfamousallovertheworld.Doremember:youhave15withinyou.

【文章大意】文章主要記敘了美國著名演說家LesBrown的人生歷程，他曾經(jīng)不自

信，但是老師的鼓勵改變了他。

1.A.problem-solvingB.goal-setting

C.money-makingD.job-hunting

【解析】選Bo句意：在自我完善和目標(biāo)設(shè)定方面，他也是一位思想領(lǐng)袖。

problem-solving解決問題；goal-setting設(shè)立目標(biāo)；money-making賺錢；job-hunting

找工作。由全文可知,該空涉及確定目標(biāo),與文末“settingandfollowinghisgoals”

呼應(yīng)，故選B。

2.A.studentB.teacher

C.speakerD.leader

【解析】選A。句意：然而，當(dāng)Les還是個學(xué)生的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)知識很困難。

student學(xué)生；teacher老師；speaker演講者；leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由后文“Duringhisschool

days”可知為學(xué)生時期，故選A。

3.A.curiousB.afraidC.unableD.eager

【解析】選C。句意：在他上學(xué)的時候，老師認(rèn)為他“學(xué)不好”，把他從六年級留級

到了五年級。curious好奇的；afraid害怕的；unable不能的，不會的；eager渴望的。

結(jié)合后文6thgradeto5thgrade”從六年級到五年級可推斷老師認(rèn)為他學(xué)不好,

unabletodosth.“不能做某事故選C。

4.A.awayB.forw