2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4Everydayeconomics課時分層作業(yè)3含解析外研版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUnit4Everydayeconomics課時分層作業(yè)(十二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATheotherday，mysisterandIweresittinginarestaurant，tryingtohaveaconversation，butherchildren，four-year-oldWillowandseven-year-oldLuca，wouldnotstopfighting.Thearguments—overafork，orwhohadmorewaterinaglass—neverstopped.Thenmysisterreachedintoherhandbag，producedtwoshinyiPads(蘋果平板電腦)，andhandedonetoeachchild.Suddenly，thetwowerequiet.Theysatplayinggamesandwatchingvideos，andwecontinuedwithourconversation.Afterourmeal，asmysisterstuffedtheiPadsbackintoherbag，shesaid，“Idon'twanttogivethemtheiPadsatthedinnertable，butiftheykeepthemoccupiedforanhoursowecaneatinpeace，Ioftenjusthandthemover.I'mafraidit'sbadforthem.Idoworrythatitmakesthemthinkit'sOKtouseelectronicsatthedinnertableinthefuture.”Dr.GarySmall，directoroftheLongevityCenterattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngelessaysthatthebrainishighlysensitivetostimuli(刺激物)，likeiPadsandsmartphonescreens，andifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology，andlesstimeinteracting(互動)withpeoplelikeparentsatthedinnertable，thatcouldpreventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills.“Conversationswitheachotherarethewaychildrenlearntohaveconversationswiththemselves，andlearnhowtobealone，”saidSherryTurkle，aprofessorofscience，technologyandsocietyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Shefearsthatchildrenwhodonotlearnrealinteractions，whichoftenhaveimperfections，willcometoknowaworldwhereperfect，shinyscreensgivethemafalsesenseofintimacy(密切)withoutrisk.However，theyneedtobeabletogatherthemselvesandknowwhotheyare.Sosomedaytheycanformarelationshipwithanotherpersonwithoutapanicofbeingalone.“Ifyoudon'tteachyourchildrentobealone，they'llonlyknowhowtobelonely，”shesaid.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇爭論文。用iPad讓孩子們寧靜下來好像很有效，但是這樣做對嗎？1．WhatdidWillowandLucafightabout?A．iPads. B．Littlethings.C．Deliciousfood. D．Interestingthings.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Thearguments—overafork，orwhohadmorewaterinaglass—neverstopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca為一些小事爭吵。]2．Howdidtheauthor'ssisterfeelaboutofferingchildreniPads?A．Shewascriticalofit.B．Shefeltitwasworthatry.C．Shewasuncertainaboutit.D．Shefeltsurprisedatitseffect.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，雖然作者的姐姐會用iPad讓孩子們寧靜下來，但是她又擔(dān)憂這樣做不好，因此說她對這種做法心存疑慮。]3．AccordingtoDr.GarySmall，whatshouldparentsdo?A．Providetheirchildrenwithvarioustechnologies.B．Teachtheirchildrencommunicationskills.C．Talktotheirchildrenatthedinnertable.D．Limittheirchildren'sscreentime.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“ifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology...preventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills”可知，長時間運(yùn)用電子設(shè)備有礙于孩子們一些溝通技能的發(fā)展，因此家長應(yīng)當(dāng)限制孩子運(yùn)用這些設(shè)備的時間。]4．WhatisSherryTurkleworried?A．Childrenareafraidoftakingrisks.B．Childrentrytoescapefromtherealworld.C．Childrencan'tlivewithoutelectronicdevices.D．Childrencan'tdealwithcompanionlesssituations.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Shefearsthatchildren...willcometoknowaworldwhereperfect，shinyscreensgivethemafalsesenseofintimacy(密切)withoutrisk.”可知，SherryTurkle擔(dān)憂孩子們習(xí)慣了電子設(shè)備的陪伴，認(rèn)為真正的人際交往也是如此，隨時隨地有人陪伴，因此他們會受不了孤寂。]BMorethan2，500tinyglassjars—eachcontainingbrightlycoloredpowders—linethewallsofamuseumatHarvardUniversityinCambridge，Massachusetts.Thepigment(顏料)samplesmakeuptheForbesPigmentCollection.Artexpertsrelyonthecollectionforanimportantscientificpurpose—thecolorsactasstandardstohelpthemconserveandauthenticateartists'paintings.Aboutacenturyago，EdwardForbes，anarthistorianandartmuseumdirectoratHarvard，noticedthatthepaintonsome14th-centurypaintingsinhismuseum'scollectionwasdeteriorating．Tofigureouthowtosavethepaintings，herealizedhewouldhavetolearnmoreaboutthematerialsusedtomaketheirpaint.Today，peoplecanbuypaintineverycoloroftherainbow.Butvarietyinpaintcolors—andtheabilitytopurchasethosepaintsatastore—wasn'talwayspossible.Forcenturies，artistscollectedandcrushed(碾碎)everythingfromshellstorarestonestocreatethepigmentsthatcoloredtheirartworks.Theyalsousedmetaloxides(氧化物)．From1910to1944，F(xiàn)orbestraveledtheglobecollectingpowderedpigments.Thesampleshelpedartconservatorsunderstandhowpaintbehavesonachemicallevel.Paintmightreacttochangesinlight，temperature，orhumidity，dependingonitspigments'compositions.Thiscanaffectthecolorsofapaintingovertimeorevencausepainttocomeoffthepaintedsurface.Today，NarayanKhandekar，aseniorconservationscientistattheHarvardArtMuseums，isbuildingonForbes'sworkbyaddingnewer，chemicallymadepigmentstothecollection.Thecollectionalsoplaysanimportantroleinhelpingtostopcounterfeiters(偽造者)．In2007，expertscomparedpigmentsfromthecollectionwiththosefromapaintingthoughttobelongtoabstractartistJacksonPollock.Chemicalanalysisshowedthataredpigmentinthepaintingwasactuallymade20yearsaftertheartist'sdeath，provingthattheartworkwasafake.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了哈佛高校色素博物館的來歷及其作用。5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deteriorating”inParagraph2?A．Droppingoff. B．Breakingdown.C．Clearedaway. D．Gatheredtogether.B[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的句子“Tofigureouthowtosavethepaintings”可推知，一些14世紀(jì)的繪畫被損壞了，故此處的deteriorating可以用breakingdown(損壞)代替。]6．WhatcanbeinferredaboutEdwardForbes?A．Hewasgoodatchemistry.B．Hecollectedmanypigments.C．Hecreatedpigmentsbyhimself.D．Herepairedalotofoldpaintings.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Forbestraveledtheglobecollectingpowderedpigments”以及博物館藏品的命名“ForbesPigmentCollection”可推知Forbes從全球各地收集了很多顏料。]7．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．ColorfulcollectionB．LookingforpigmentsC．EverypigmenthasitsownstoryD．EdwardForbesandhiscollectionA[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章介紹了哈佛高校色素博物館的來歷及其作用?！癈olorfulcollection”形象精確地概括了全文的主要內(nèi)容，故A項(xiàng)為文章最佳標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwas28yearsold，theagewhenmostyoungpeoplehavetheireyesfirmlyfixedonthepromiseofsuccessbutIwasafailure.Sixyearsearlier，freshfromcollege，Ihadjoinedadramaticproducingcompany，andhadbeengoingintosmalltownsandruralcommunitiesproducingcountry-stylemusicalcomedies.But，inthesummerof1940，thecountrywasinadepression，radiohadchangedpeople'stastes，andpart-timeshowsweren'tallthatbiganymore.So，joblessandwithnothingelseinsight，Iwentbackhome.LaterIgotajobasarecreation-roomdirectorinmyhometown.Itpaid$50amonthIfeltsofrustratedwithmyplantobeadramaticstar.RestlessanddissatisfiedthoughIwas，itwasnice，inaway，tobebackhome.Itriedtoteachsomeofmytown'schildrenmusicanddrama.AndwhenIgotachance，I'dtrymyluckasaperformermyself.I'ddressupasacountrygirlandtelllittlestoriesandjokesthatI'dpickedupduringmyyearslivingaroundcountryfolk.Igavethiscountrygirlaname—MinniePearl.OneOctoberafternoonIwasintherecreationroom，waitingforthechildrenwhenabankerfriend，JimWalker，cameinandsaid，“We'regoingtohaveabankers'meetinghere.Iunderstandyou'vebeenteachingsomechildrendramaticsanddancingandsinging.Wouldyouletthechildrenentertainthebankers？”Isaid，yes.Suddenly，heturnedandadded，“Oh，bytheway，thespeakerfromChicagoisflyinghere.Ifhe'slate，wouldyouminddoingthatMinniePearlthing？”ItoldJimI'ddoit.Thatnightthechildrensanganddancedtoold-time，popularsongswhenIwasbackstage.Afterwefinishedtheperformance,Jimcametome.“Thespeaker'snothereyet.You'llhavetohelpus.”“Allright，”Itoldhim，“justgivemeaminutetodressup.”留意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：ThenIwentoutinfrontofthehundredorsomenintheaudience.Paragraph2：ThenIwalkedoffthestageintotheaudience，andabankergreetedme.