寒假作業(yè)05 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

限時(shí)練習(xí)：40min完成時(shí)間：____月____日天氣：寒假作業(yè)05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一、時(shí)態(tài)考查熱點(diǎn)1.八大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語+be(am,is,are)+其它主語+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)主語+_________(+其它)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+be（am，is，are）+現(xiàn)在分詞(+其它)一般過去時(shí)主語+be(was,were)+其它主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式(+其它)一般將來時(shí)主語+begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形主語+shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+__________+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞過去將來時(shí)主語+was/were/goingto+動(dòng)詞原形主語+would/should+動(dòng)詞原形現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+________+_________過去完成時(shí)主語+_______+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞2.時(shí)態(tài)與常用時(shí)間狀語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)everyday,sometimes,at7everymorning,onSunday,often,usually,always一般過去時(shí)yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow一般將來時(shí)next…,tomorrow,soon,hisevening,intwodays現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)look,listen,now,atthemoment現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently過去將來時(shí)thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…)過去完成時(shí)before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas過去進(jìn)行時(shí)thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,thistimeyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening3.區(qū)別：have/hasgoneto，have/hasbeento和have/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto_______（在去某地的路上或在某地，人還未回來）have/hasbeento_______（人已經(jīng)回來了）have/hasbeenin_______（常與一段時(shí)間連用）注意：have/hasbeento常和once,twice,never,ever連用;have/hasgoneto則不可。4.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換arrive→beinbuy→havebegin,start→beondie→bedeadfinish,end→_____goout→beoutjoin→_______borrow→keepfinish/end→________close→beclosedleave,move→beawayfallasleep→beasleep二、語態(tài)考查熱點(diǎn)1.被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+pp一般過去時(shí)______________

一般將來時(shí)shall/will+be+pp過去將來時(shí)would/should+be+pp

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+pp過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+pp

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)__________________過去完成時(shí)had+been+pp2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊用法（1）當(dāng)句子主語為物，且sell，break，wash，ride，wear，read，write等不及物動(dòng)詞后有狀語修飾，表示事物的內(nèi)在屬性或品質(zhì)時(shí)，常用其__________來表示被動(dòng)意義。（2）當(dāng)句子主語為物，且用于need,want,require等動(dòng)詞后，常用________的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。（3）當(dāng)句子主語為物，連系動(dòng)詞look,sound,taste,smell,feel等后跟_______時(shí)，常常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。（4）感官動(dòng)詞see，watch，notice，hear，notice和使役動(dòng)詞have，make，get等動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中常跟省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中________不可省略。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)肯定形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+pp否定形式：__________________________疑問形式：__________________________基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1．—Whichteacherwillyoumissthemostaftergraduation?—Mrs.Chen.SheencouragedmealotwhenI________theEnglishexam.A．Fail B．wasfailing C．failed D．havefailed2．—Jim,I’vegotaproblemwithmycar.Couldyouhelpme?—Sorry,notrightnow.I________ashortvideo.A．Make B．havemade C．a(chǎn)mmaking D．wasmaking3．—What’sthatnoise,Tom?—Oh,somechildren________intheyard.A．Play B．a(chǎn)replaying C．played D．willplay4．Whilewe________anEnglishsong,somevisitorscametoourclass.A．sing B．willsing C．weresinging D．a(chǎn)resinging5．I’vejustgottwotickets!I________toseethenewmoviewithTony.A．go B．Went C．willgo D．havegone6．（2023·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ifyouheatice,it________intowater.A．turns B．turned C．wasturning D．hasturned7．—Sorry,Ican’thearyouclearly.I________afootballmatch.—OK.I’llringyouuplater.A．watch B．watched C．a(chǎn)mwatching D．waswatching8．—WhowilltalkaboutthedevelopmentofAmericancountrymusicnextweek?—IsuggestBrad.He________inNashville,thehomeofcountrymusic,sincehewasachild.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive9．—Thecarwillnotstart.WhatcanIdo?—Don’tworry.TomandI________itapush.A．give B．Gave C．havegiven D．willgive10．Somestudents________Taijioverthere.Let’sgoandjointhem.A．Play B．Played C．a(chǎn)replaying D．wereplaying11．Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．Provides B．Provided C．isprovided D．wasprovided12．ThepandaYaYa________backtoChinaonApril27th,2023.A．isbrought B．wasbrought C．willbebrought13．—Canhegetthefirstprizeintherace?—He________so,buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.A．willexpecttodo B．isexpecteddoingC．hasexpecteddoing D．wasexpectedtodo14．Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A．hits B．ishit C．ishitting D．willbehit15．Somephotosofthemoon________intheSpaceClubnextweek.A．shows B．isshowing C．wereshown D．willbeshown16．HouYi________magicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns,thenPangMengtriedtostealit.A．gives B．hasgiven C．gave D．wasgiven17．Computershavehadagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey________intoschools.A．introduce B．introduced C．a(chǎn)reintroduced D．wereintroduced18．The18thChinaInternationalAlcoholicDrinksExpo(CIADE)________inLuzhoufromApril13thtoApril16th,2023.A．washeld B．isheld C．willbeheld D．hasbeenheld19．—Wouldyoumindtellingmeifhe________themeetingintwodays?—Hewon’t,unlesshe________.A．willattend,isinvited B．a(chǎn)ttends,willbeinvitedC．willattend,invites20．—We’resoproudthatChinaisgettingstrongerandstronger.—Yes.Asyoucansee,Chinese________bymoreandmoreforeigners.A．learns B．islearned C．waslearned二、選詞填空。用下面方框中所給的單詞或短語填空，使每個(gè)句子在結(jié)構(gòu)、句義和邏輯上正確。（提示：方框中有兩個(gè)單詞或短語是多余的。）dressup/business/clever/protect/strong/takeoff/hold21．TheancientemperorsbuilttheGreatWallto___________theircountry.22．Igetsucha_________feelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetter.23．Hometownsaretheplacesthat___________allthebestmemoriesinchildhood.24．Inmanycountries,youshould__________yourglovesbeforeshakinghands.25．LiXinsetupa__________tomakebeautifulartworksbyusingmaterialsfromoldcars.能力提升練一、完形填空。（2023·四川南充·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ifyoulovereadingbooks,youmustknowaboutthebookTheAdventuresofTomSawyerbyMarkTwain.Thebookisquiteinterestingandpopularamongkids.EvenifIamanadultnow,thebookis____1____oneofmyfavorites.Afterre-readingthebookrecently,Ihave____2____animportantlessonfromTomSawyer.Inourdailylives,weareoftengivensomeboringortiring____3____.What’sinyourmindwhenyourmother____4____youtodosomechores?Haveyoueverwantedtocomplain(抱怨)?Ithinkmostpeoplehave.TomSawyer,however,hadadifferentthoughtwhenhewasgivenaboringtask.Oneday,AuntPollytoldTomto____5____thefence(籬笆).Tomwasdoinghisjob,whenhisfriendBenRogershappenedtopassby.Insteadofcomplaining,TomtoldBenthathefelt“____6____”aboutthetask.“Onlyoneinathousand—maybeeventwothousand—boyscandothis!”Tomsaid.Tom’swordsmadeBeninterestedinthetask.HeevengaveTomhisapplesothathecouldhavea____7____topaintthefence.IfTomhadthoughtabout____8____butcomplaining,hewouldhavehadabaddaypaintingthefence.Thisstoryteachesmeavaluablelesson:Complainingis____9____.Thenexttimeyouaregivenaboringortiringtask,don’tcomplain.UnlikewhathappensinthestoryofTomSawyer,itisunlikelythatsomeonewillcomeanddotheworkforyou.So,don’tcomplain,____10____you’llfeelbetterandperhapsevendoabetterjob!1．A．just B．still C．even D．hardly2．A．learned B．taught C．given D．a(chǎn)ttended3．A．stories B．words C．tasks D．lessons4．A．trusts B．a(chǎn)llows C．helps D．a(chǎn)sks5．A．paint B．repair C．examine D．cross6．A．bored B．excited C．unexpected D．disappointed7．A．method B．hobby C．dream D．chance8．A．everything B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．something9．A．useless B．endless C．powerful D．wonderful10．A．if B．or C．but D．a(chǎn)nd二、閱讀還原7選5（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IoncegavealessontoagroupofprimaryschoolstudentsforaTVprogram.Isuggestedthatwecreatesmallgardens.First,Iaskedthestudentstolookfortheirfavoriteplaceintheschool.____11____ThenIhadeachofthemdescribetheirexperiencesofnatureinasmallgarden.Inaboxofaboutoneandahalfbytwofeet,theywerefreetoorganize—soil,stones,leavesandgrass.Evenasanactivegardendesigner,Iwasimpressedwiththeirimagination.____12____Onechildcreated“water”thatflowedintoa“l(fā)ake”;anotherchildputgrassinawaytorepresent“wind”;andyetanotherchildtriedhardtocreateshade...____13____Thatwaswhytheytookgreatinterestwhentheycreatedtheirsmallgardens.Theyspentawonderfultimetogetherwithnature.____14____Ifyounoticeastonelyingontheground,pickitupandholdit.Whenyouseebeautifulflowersbythesideoftheroad,stopandenjoythepleasantsmell.Then,insideyourmind,createasmallgardenofyourown.____15____A．Itwillrelaxyou.B．Flowersliketheseareallaroundyou.C．Thegardenswerebuiltmanyyearsago.D．Tryspendingtimewithnatureyourself.E．Thegardenstheymadewerereallycreative.F．Oncethere,Iletthemtryhardtoemptytheirminds.G．Thesechildrenwereoftenbusydoingtheirschoolwork.三、語法填空。（2023·四川眉山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lixia,ortheStartofSummer,isthe____16____(seven)ofthe24Chinesesolarterms(節(jié)氣)whichfallsonMay6ofthisyear.Itsymbolizes(象征)thepassingfromspring____17____summer.Withtheheatofsummer,plantsandcropswillbegintogrowmuch____18____(fast).SofarmersarealwayshappytowelcomethearrivalofLixia.Thisis____19____besttimeoftheyeartoplantearlyriceinthesouthernpartofChina.Chinesehasplentyofoldsayings____20____areusedtowarnpeoplenottobelazyduringthisperiodoftime.InChina,peoplecelebratethedayofLixiaindifferentways.Forexample,insomeplacespeoplecook“Five-ColoredRice”.Usually,it____21____(make)fromfivekindsofbeans(豆)—mungbean,redbean,yellowbean,blackbeanandgreenbean.Itstandsforpeople’sgoodwishesforacolorfullife.Peoplealsohavethecustomof____22____(eat)somedifferentkindsoffreshfruitsandvegetables.OnthedayofLixia,childrenwillwearabagwithaneggaroundtheirnecksinsomeareas.Thisisbelievedtohelpkeep____23____(they)safeandhealthy.Other____24____(tradition)ofLixiaincludethesingingofbeautifulfolksongs.AndpeoplealsoweighthemselvesonLixia.Whenthesummer____25____(pass),they’llweighthemselvesagaintoseehowmanypoundstheyhavelostduringthehotseason.知識(shí)小結(jié)通過本專題內(nèi)容的訓(xùn)練，進(jìn)一步鞏固強(qiáng)化動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的主要用法，掌握中考常考考點(diǎn)和易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。1.明確被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+pp過去完成時(shí)had+been+pp2.have/hasgoneto去了（在去某地的路上或在某地，人還未回來）have/hasbeento曾經(jīng)去過（人已經(jīng)回來了）have/hasbeenin已經(jīng)在（常與一段時(shí)間連用）3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)疑問形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+be+pp

寒假作業(yè)05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（解析版）一、時(shí)態(tài)考查熱點(diǎn)1.八大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語+be(am,is,are)+其它主語+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)主語+動(dòng)詞三單式(+其它)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+be（am，is，are）+現(xiàn)在分詞(+其它)一般過去時(shí)主語+be(was,were)+其它主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式(+其它)一般將來時(shí)主語+begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形主語+shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞過去將來時(shí)主語+was/were/goingto+動(dòng)詞原形主語+would/should+動(dòng)詞原形現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞過去完成時(shí)主語+had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞2.時(shí)態(tài)與常用時(shí)間狀語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)everyday,sometimes,at7everymorning,onSunday,often,usually,always一般過去時(shí)yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow一般將來時(shí)next…,tomorrow,soon,hisevening,intwodays現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)look,listen,now,atthemoment現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently過去將來時(shí)thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…)過去完成時(shí)before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas過去進(jìn)行時(shí)thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,thistimeyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening3.區(qū)別：have/hasgoneto，have/hasbeento和have/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto去了（在去某地的路上或在某地，人還未回來）have/hasbeento曾經(jīng)去過（人已經(jīng)回來了）have/hasbeenin已經(jīng)在（常與一段時(shí)間連用）注意：have/hasbeento常和once,twice,never,ever連用;have/hasgoneto則不可。4.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換arrive→beinbuy→havebegin,start→beondie→bedeadfinish,end→_be_over_goout→beoutjoin→_be_in_borrow→keepfinish/end→be_over_close→beclosedleave,move→beawayfallasleep→beasleep二、語態(tài)考查熱點(diǎn)1.被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+pp一般過去時(shí)was/were+pp

一般將來時(shí)shall/will+be+pp過去將來時(shí)would/should+be+pp

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+pp過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+pp

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+pp過去完成時(shí)had+been+pp2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊用法（1）當(dāng)句子主語為物，且sell，break，wash，ride，wear，read，write等不及物動(dòng)詞后有狀語修飾，表示事物的內(nèi)在屬性或品質(zhì)時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式來表示被動(dòng)意義。（2）當(dāng)句子主語為物，且用于need,want,require等動(dòng)詞后，常用動(dòng)名詞_的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。（3）當(dāng)句子主語為物，連系動(dòng)詞look,sound,taste,smell,feel等后跟形容詞時(shí)，常常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。（4）感官動(dòng)詞see，watch，notice，hear，notice和使役動(dòng)詞have，make，get等動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中常跟省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中to_不可省略。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)肯定形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+pp否定形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+p.p疑問形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+be+p.p基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練一．單項(xiàng)選擇1．C【詳解】句意：——畢業(yè)后你最想念哪位老師？——陳老師。當(dāng)我英語考試不及格時(shí)，她給了我很多鼓勵(lì)?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“SheencouragedmealotwhenI…theEnglishexam.”可知，主句和從句的動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生，主句和從句都用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞為過去式。故選C。2．C【詳解】句意：——Jim，我的車出問題了。你能幫我嗎？——對(duì)不起，現(xiàn)在不行。我正在做一個(gè)短視頻。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Sorry,notrightnow.I…ashortvideo”可知，現(xiàn)在正在制作短視頻，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故選C。3．B【詳解】句意：——Tom，那是什么聲音？——哦，一些孩子們?cè)谠鹤永锿??？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“What’sthatnoise”可知，詢問正在發(fā)出的聲音是什么，所以答語用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選B。4．C【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我們正在唱一首英文歌時(shí)，一些來訪者來到我們班?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“While”以及“somevisitorscametoourclass”可知此句是含有while的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/weredoing，故選C。5．C【詳解】句意：我剛買了兩張票！我將和托尼一起去看這部新電影。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“I’vejustgottwotickets!”可知，這里指剛買了兩張票，所以是將要去看電影，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“will+動(dòng)詞原形”，故選C。6．A【詳解】句意：如果你加熱冰，它就會(huì)變成水?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，但是主句是客觀事實(shí)，還是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選A。7．C【詳解】句意：——對(duì)不起，我聽不清你說什么。我正在看一場(chǎng)足球賽?！玫摹Ｎ疑院蠼o你打電話。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Ican’thearyouclearly”可知因?yàn)檎诳辞蛸?，所以沒有聽清對(duì)方所說的話，故此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing。故選C。8．C【詳解】句意：——下周是誰將會(huì)談?wù)撽P(guān)于美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂的發(fā)展？——我建議布拉德。他從小住在鄉(xiāng)村音樂之都——納什維爾?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“sincehewasachild.”可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。9．D【詳解】句意：——汽車發(fā)動(dòng)不了。我怎么辦呢？——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。湯姆和我會(huì)推它的?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Thecarwillnotstart.WhatcanIdo?”可知“湯姆和我會(huì)去推車”，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為willdo。故選D。10．C【詳解】句意：有些學(xué)生在那邊打太極。讓我們?nèi)ゼ尤胨麄儼??？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Let’sgoandjointhem.”可知他們正在打太極，可以去加入他們，故時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（am/is/aredoing）。故選C。11．C【詳解】句意：這個(gè)村子每天為60歲以上的老人免費(fèi)提供早餐。考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。本句主語Breakfast是動(dòng)作provide的承受者，結(jié)合“everyday”可知，是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選C。12．B【詳解】句意：大熊貓丫丫于2023年4月27日被帶回中國?？疾橐话氵^去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。本句主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“onApril27th,2023”可知，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。13．D【詳解】句意：——他能在比賽中獲得第一名嗎？——大家都希望他這樣，但他把腿弄傷了?，F(xiàn)在不可能了?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語He和expect之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，結(jié)合“buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.”可知，期望的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，beexpectedtodosth“被期望做某事”，固定短語，故選D。14．B【詳解】句意：沙子被閃電擊中會(huì)變成玻璃?？疾閯?dòng)詞的語態(tài)。句子主語it指代的是“Sand”，與動(dòng)詞hit之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選B。15．D【詳解】句意：一些月球的照片將于下周在太空俱樂部展出?？疾橐话銓頃r(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)“nextweek”可知句子應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)，主語Somephotosofthemoon與動(dòng)詞show存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此句子應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：willbe+過去分詞。故選D。16．D【詳解】句意：后羿因?yàn)樯湎铝司艂€(gè)太陽而得到了神藥，然后逄蒙想偷走它?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。分析句子可知，主語HouYi與謂語動(dòng)詞give是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又根據(jù)“thenPangMengtriedtostealit”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was，故選D。17．D【詳解】句意：自從計(jì)算機(jī)被引入學(xué)校以來，它們對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)方法產(chǎn)生了很大的影響?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)，主語“they”指代“Computers”，與謂語動(dòng)詞introduce“引進(jìn)”之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)（weredone）。故選D。18．D【詳解】句意：第十八屆中國國際酒類博覽會(huì)于2023年4月13日至4月16日在瀘州舉行?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)“The18thChinaInternationalAlcoholicDrinksExpo(CIADE)…inLuzhoufromApril13thtoApril16th,2023.”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的狀態(tài)，主語和動(dòng)詞hold之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“has/havebeendone”。故選D。19．A【詳解】句意：——你介意告訴我他兩天后是否會(huì)參加會(huì)議嗎？——除非有人邀請(qǐng)，否則他不會(huì)參加的。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。第一處if表示“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，結(jié)合“intwodays”可知，用一般將來時(shí)“willdo”，排除B；分析“Hewon’t,unlesshe...”可知，該句是以u(píng)nless引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，時(shí)態(tài)遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”，從句主語he是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)“isdone”，故選A。20．B【詳解】句意：——我們?yōu)橹袊絹碓綇?qiáng)大感到驕傲?！堑?。正如你所看到的，越來越多的外國人學(xué)習(xí)漢語?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。主語Chinese和動(dòng)詞learn之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合語境可知現(xiàn)在漢語被越來越多的外國人學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選B。二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。【參考答案】21．protect22．strong23．hold24．takeoff25．business【解析】21．句意：古代皇帝修建長城是為了保護(hù)他們的國土。根據(jù)“TheancientemperorsbuilttheGreatWallto...theirpartofthecountry.”可知修建長城是為了保護(hù)國土，protect“保護(hù)”，不定式to后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填protect。22．句意：當(dāng)我看到動(dòng)物們變得越來越好時(shí)，我有一種強(qiáng)烈的滿足感。根據(jù)“a...feelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetter.”及所給單詞，strong“強(qiáng)烈的”，修飾feeling，符合語境。故填strong。23．句意：故鄉(xiāng)是擁有所有美好童年記憶的地方。根據(jù)“Hometownsaretheplacesthat...allthebestchildhoodmemories.”可知家鄉(xiāng)是擁有美好記憶的地方，hold“持有”，此處是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語that指代名詞復(fù)數(shù)places，謂語動(dòng)詞使用原形即可。故填hold。24．句意：在許多國家，握手前應(yīng)該摘下手套。根據(jù)“youshould...yourglovesbeforeshakinghands.”可知應(yīng)該是脫下手套再握手，takeoff“脫下”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填takeoff。25．句意：李欣創(chuàng)辦了一家公司，用舊汽車的材料制作美麗的藝術(shù)品。根據(jù)“setupa...tomakebeautifulartworksbyusingmaterialsfromoldcars.”及所給單詞，可知是創(chuàng)辦了一家公司，business“公司，商業(yè)”，符合語境。故填business。知識(shí)小結(jié)一、完形填空。1．B2．A3．C4．D5．A6．B7．D8．C9．A10．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者重讀了《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》，并從湯姆·索亞那里學(xué)到了一個(gè)重要的教訓(xùn)，就是抱怨是沒有用的。1．句意：即使我現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)成年人，這本書仍然是我的最愛之一。just只；still仍然；even甚至；hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)“EvenifIamanadultnow,thebookis...oneofmyfavorites.”可知，此處是指，即使成年后，這本書仍然是作者的最愛之一。故選B。2．句意：最近重讀了這本書后，我從湯姆·索亞身上學(xué)到了一個(gè)重要的教訓(xùn)。learned學(xué)習(xí)；taught教；given給；attended出席。根據(jù)“Ihave...animportantlessonfromTomSawyer.”可知，應(yīng)是從中學(xué)到了一個(gè)重要的教訓(xùn)。故選A。3．句意：在我們的日常生活中，我們經(jīng)常被賦予一些無聊或累人的任務(wù)。stories故事；words言語；tasks任務(wù)；lessons課。根據(jù)后文“TomSawyer,however,hadadifferentthoughtwhenhewasgivenaboringtask.”可知，指被賦予任務(wù)，故選C。4．句意：當(dāng)你媽媽讓你做家務(wù)時(shí)，你怎么想？trusts信任；allows允許；helps幫助；asks讓。根據(jù)“What’sinyourmindwhenyourmother...youtodosomechores?”可知，媽媽讓你做家務(wù)，故選D。5．句意：一天，波莉姨媽讓湯姆給籬笆刷漆。paint涂；repair修理；examine檢查；cross通過。根據(jù)后文“paintthefence”可知，是給籬笆刷漆，故選A。6．句意：湯姆沒有抱怨，而是告訴本，他對(duì)這項(xiàng)任務(wù)感到“興奮”。bored無聊的；excited興奮的；unexpected想不到的；disappointed失望的。根據(jù)“Onlyoneinathousand—maybeeventwothousand—boyscandothis!”和“Tom’swordsmadeBeninterestedinthetask.”可知，湯姆讓覺得這項(xiàng)任務(wù)令人興奮，故選B。7．句意：他甚至把自己的蘋果給了湯姆，好讓他有機(jī)會(huì)粉刷柵欄。method方法；hobby愛好；dream夢(mèng)想；chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)“HeevengaveTomhisapplesothathecouldhavea...topaintthefence.”可知，用蘋果換一次粉刷籬笆的機(jī)會(huì)，故選D。8．句意：如果湯姆滿腦子都是抱怨的話，他粉刷柵欄的那一天就會(huì)過得很糟糕。everything每件事；anything任何事；nothing無事；something某事。根據(jù)“IfTomhadthoughtabout...butcomplaining,hewouldhavehadabaddaypaintingthefence.”可知，此處指什么都不想只抱怨的話會(huì)過得很糟糕。故選C。9．句意：這個(gè)故事給我上了寶貴的一課：抱怨是沒有用的。useless無用的；endless無盡的；powerful有力量的；wonderful極好的。根據(jù)“Complainingis...”和“Thenexttimeyouaregivenaboringortiringtask,don’tcomplain”可知，抱怨是沒有用的。故選A。10．句意：所以，不要抱怨，你會(huì)感覺更好，甚至可能做得更好！if如果；or或