新課標2025版高中英語Unit5MeetingyourancestorsSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage課時作業(yè)新人教版選修8

PAGEPAGE1SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageⅠ.單詞拼法1．Therewasa__systematic__(有系統(tǒng)的)approachtosolvingtheproblem.2．Themeetingisofsuchgreat__significance__(意義)thatIhavetoattendit.3．Wemuststophimseeingher__somehow__(以某種方式)．4．It'sveryrudetos__pit__atsomeone.5．Hewantedtod__elete__mynamefromthelist.6．Thephotosbelonginana__lbum__.7．Shesendsherlittledaughtertothek__indergarten__everyday.8．Iwanta__skateboard__(滑板)．9．WhenIwasachild,Ididn'tlike__onion__(洋蔥),butIdon'tminditnow.10．Thehotelr__eceptionist__wantstoknowwhenwewillbecheckingouttomorrowmorning.Ⅱ.句型轉換1．Theybegancontributingarticlestoourmagazineseveralyearsago,andtheykeepdoingsountilnow.→Alltheseyearsthey__have_been_contributing__articlestoourmagazine.2．IstartedtodrinkcoffeewhenIgottotheofficethisafternoon.Iamstilldrinkingcoffeenow.→I__have_been_drinking___coffeealltheafternoonsinceIgottotheoffice.3.Ithasbeensixhourssincethebabyfellasleep.→Thebaby__has_been_sleeping__forsixhours.4．Mybrotherjoinedthepianoclubthreemonthsago.→It__has_been__threemonthssincemybrother__joined__thepianoclub.5．LiLeimovedtoHangzhoutenyearsagoandheisstilllivingtherenow.→LiLei__has_been_living__inHangzhoufortenyears.6.ThescientistcametostudytheChineseancientculturelastyearandheisstillworkinginChina.→Thescientist__has_been_studying__theChineseancientculturesincelastyear.7．Tom'sfatherdiedthreeyearsago.→Tom'sfather__has_been_dead__forthreeyears.Ⅲ.完成句子1．這個項目的失敗在很大程度上是由于他的馬虎。Thefailureoftheprojectwaslargely__due_to__hiscarelessness.2．不知怎么地，我感覺事故的目擊者在說謊。__Somehow__,_Ifeltthewitnesstotheaccidentwastellingalie.3．貝拉受夠了無趣的工作，確定再找一份新的。Bellawas__fed_up_with__theboringjobanddecidedtofindanewone.4．格雷絲代表公司在會議上介紹了新產(chǎn)品。__On_behalf_of__hercompany,Graceintroducedanewproductatthemeeting.5．互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的運用在社會發(fā)展中具有重大意義。TheuseoftheInternetis__of_great_significance__inthedevelopmentofsociety.Ⅳ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2024·北京卷)Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance，PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilsonhasbeen1.Cfreeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Sincehefirststarted2.Dhiscartotheyoungpeople，Wilsonhas3.Banastonishing64,000miles，andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorous4.Dwiththestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.Thestudentswhohe's5.Bhavegoneontobecomephysicians，teachersandengineers，butwhatthey'vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents6.Acallhim“Grandpa”．TinaStern7.BridesfromWilsonforallherfouryearsincollege，andthetripsmeantmuchmoretoherthanjustfree8.A.“It'snotjustaride；you'renotjustsittingtherein9.Bsilenceorwithyourheadphoneson，”Sternsaid.“Heasksyouquestionsandactually10.Dtheanswers，sothenexttimeyouridewithhim，he'll11.Cthosethings.”Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganisation，OnPointforCollege.Althoughthe12.Dasksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses，Wilsonoftengoes13.Ctoensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.Iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration，Wilsonisthereto14.Athem.Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities，Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhat'sneeded.Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool，Wilsonnever15.Dtobuythemameal.Formanystudents，Wilson'shelpisnotonlyappreciated，it'salsoentirely16.Cforthemtobeabletocompletetheircollegeeducation.Somestudentsdon'thaveareliablecar，whileothershaveto17.Avehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.Forthem，ridingwithWilsonhas18.Bthemtocompletetheireducation—butaccordingtoWilson，hebenefitsjustasmuchfromthe19.A.“Ijustlovedriving，andIlovethesekids，”Wilsonsaid.“It'ssucha(n)20.Ctobeapartofthesekids'lives，evenjustforafewhours，gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.”文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一位老人樂于助人的故事。老人雖已退休，但仍堅持發(fā)揮余熱，待人友善，志愿搭載、接送高校生，并主動幫助他們解決生活中遇到的難題。本題考查考生在情感看法和價值觀方面對語篇進行分析和闡釋的實力，以及在駕馭文章主旨大意和正確理解句與句、段與段之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的基礎上，精確運用動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞等的實力。1．A．linking B．sendingC．offering D．distributing解析：下文語境題。依據(jù)下文中的在過去八年中他自愿開車搭載學生可知，他是給高校生主動供應(offer)免費搭乘的。link連接；send派遣；distribute安排。2．A．donating B．lendingC．delivering D．volunteering解析：上下文語境題。依據(jù)上文他自愿供應免費搭載服務給高校生可知，這里是回顧他的第一次自愿(volunteer)出車服務。donate捐獻；lend借出；deliver遞送。3．A．paved B．coveredC．measured D．wandered解析：上下文語境題。他開車接送學生已經(jīng)行駛了(cover)驚人的64000英里。cover此處意為“走完(一段路程)”。pave鋪設；measure測量；wander游蕩。4．A．a(chǎn)rguments B．interviewsC．negotiations D．conversations解析：下文語境題。依據(jù)下文可知他在駕駛途中會和學生交談(conversation)，他會詢問問題并在下一次駕乘時核實答案。argument爭吵；interview采訪；negotiation談判。5．A．met B．drivenC．a(chǎn)ddressed D．greeted解析：上下文語境題。結合上下文語境可知，此處談論的是他所搭載過的(drive)學生已成長為醫(yī)師、老師和工程師。meet遇見；address演說；greet迎接。6．A．even B．everC．once D．a(chǎn)lready解析：上文語境題。依據(jù)上文中的“arolemodelandafriend”可知，有些學生把他當作榜樣或摯友，有些學生甚至(even)喊他“爺爺”。7．A．earned B．receivedC．a(chǎn)ssessed D．demanded解析：上下文語境題。老人幫助學生們，而Tina是接受(receive)過幫助的學生之一。earn賺；assess評估；demand要求。8．A．transportation B．styleC．time D．communication解析：上下文語境題。這里與上文中的“freerides”相呼應，用freetransportation。除免費搭乘(freetransportation)之外，對學生們而言，旅途中還有更多收獲。style風格；time時間；communication交際。9．A．forced B．a(chǎn)wkwardC．ridiculous D．suspicious解析：上下文語境題。這不僅僅是一次搭乘，你不只是在尷尬的(awkward)緘默中坐在那里或戴上耳機。forced被迫的；ridiculous荒唐的；suspicious可疑的。10．A．selects B．recitesC．guesses D．remembers解析：下文語境題。下次他會核實這些答案，說明他當時是記住(remember)了答案。select選擇；recite背誦；guess揣測。11．A．a(chǎn)cton B．settleonC．checkon D．a(chǎn)greeon解析：上下文語境題。他會記住他問的這些問題的答案，然后下次乘車時他會核實(checkon)答案。acton對……起作用；settleon確定；agreeon對……取得一樣看法。12．A．club B．leagueC．college D．programme解析：上文語境題。由上文中的“astudent-supportprogramme”可知，此處填programme。這個項目(programme)要求成員只是供應搭載服務。club俱樂部；league聯(lián)盟；college高校。13．A．far B．a(chǎn)roundC．beyond D．forwards解析：上下文語境題。gobeyond超越，依據(jù)上下文可知他所做的遠遠超出(gobeyond)項目所要求的。gofar勝利；goaround四處走動；goforwards前進。14．A．a(chǎn)ssist B．watchC．urge D．warn解析：上文語境題。依據(jù)上文可知他不僅供應搭載服務，當學生遇到困難時，他也會幫助(assist)他們。watch視察；urge督促；warn警告。15．A．expects B．a(chǎn)ttemptsC．manages D．hesitates解析：上文語境題。依據(jù)上文語境可知，假如有學生餓了，他會堅決果斷地(neverhesitate)給他們買飯。expect期盼；attempt試圖；manage管理。16．A．extra B．unusualC．necessary D．a(chǎn)dequate解析：下文語境題。依據(jù)下文可知這些幫助對于學生來說是很必要的(necessary)。extra額外的；unusual不尋常的；adequate足夠的。17．A．share B．fuelC．repair D．exchange解析：上下文語境題。有些學生沒有牢靠的汽車，而有些學生不得不和父母共用一輛車，此處用share和后面的with搭配。fuel加燃料；repair修理；exchange溝通。18．A．required B．a(chǎn)llowedC．reminded D．convinced解析：上下文語境題。對于學生們而言，搭乘老人的車讓他們能完成學業(yè)，allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事。require須要；remind提示；convince勸服。19．A．experience B．a(chǎn)rrangementC．a(chǎn)ppreciation D．employment解析：下文語境題。依據(jù)下文他愛駕駛也愛孩子們可知，老人覺得自己也從幫助學生的經(jīng)驗(experience)中受益。arrangement支配；appreciation觀賞；employment職業(yè)。20．A．effort B．a(chǎn)mbitionC．privilege D．convenience解析：上下文語境題。他覺得融入孩子們是一種榮幸(privilege)。和上文中的“hebenefitsjustasmuchfromtheexperience”相呼應。effort努力；ambition雄心；convenience便利。Ⅴ.閱讀理解(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone，wholedtheteam，describedtheexperiment：Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen，asymbolwouldappear，andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample，thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice；iftheywentforthecircle，theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests，theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime，indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation，notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely，theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing，forexample，a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic：Whenaddingtwonumbers，themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo，andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了哈佛醫(yī)學院做的一項動物試驗，試驗發(fā)覺猴子能進行基本的加法運算，但加的結果有時會小于總和。1．Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem？__C__A．Theyfedthem. B．Theynamedthem.C．Theytrainedthem. D．Theymeasuredthem.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”可知探討者們是先訓練猴子然后才進行測試的，故選C項。其他三項均未提及。2．Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment？__B__A．Bydrawingacircle. B．Bytouchingascreen.C．Bywatchingvideos. D．Bymixingtwodrinks.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice...”可知猴子們是通過觸碰屏幕得到嘉獎的，故選B項。其他三項均不是猴子所做的事。3．WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys？__A__A．Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B．Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C．Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D．Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一句可知，探討人員在進行了數(shù)百次測試后發(fā)覺，猴子多半時候會選擇更高的值，這表明它們是在進行計算，而不僅僅是記憶每個組合的值。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？__D__A．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Education. D．Science.解析：推理推斷題。全文圍繞科學試驗綻開——探討者訓練猴子并對其進行測試后發(fā)覺猴子能夠進行簡潔的加法運算，但有時計算的結果不夠精確。由此可知，該文章可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學版上。Ⅵ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IranmyfirstracewhenIwasnine.Mydad,1.whowasamarathonrunner,enteredmysiblingsandmeintotherace.Istartedrunninghalfmarathonslessthantwoyearsago.IwantedtoruntheNYCMarathon2.inmemoryofmyfather,whoranitwhenIwastwoyearsoldandalwaystalkedaboutitasI3.grew(grow)up.Hepassedawayalmosttwoyearsagoonthedateof4.themarathon,soIwantedtorunitforhim.He5.frequently(fre