寫好段落的意義

寫好段落的意義寫好段落的意義1）它是英語實際運(yùn)用的基礎(chǔ)；2）它是文章的重要組成部分；主題句通常放在段落的開端，其特點是開門見山地擺出問題，然后加以詳細(xì)說明。5)LastSaturdayallofmyclosefriendscametomyhometocelebratemybirthday.(次要推展句2)Sweaty-palm,becauseI'malwaysnervousbeforeIentertheclassroom,surethatIwillbefoundoutforthefoolthatIam.(推展句)Asaresult,theymightsellwell,which,inreturn,maygreatlybenefitthemanufactures.Therewasanunexpected

thinghashappened

onmy

twenty'sbirthdayparty.2)Youarelonelyifyouhavenofriends.一個段落之內(nèi)的幾個句子并非是雜亂無章地堆砌在一起的。Myfriendworkshardonhismathstudy.Therearesomereasonswhyshetriestoimproveherlooks。Ihadanexciting(dangerous,interesting,etc.1）它是英語實際運(yùn)用的基礎(chǔ)；(主要推展句1)TeachingisthemostdifficultofthevariouswaysIhaveattemptedtoearnmyliving:mechanic,carpenter,writer.Noonecanavoidbeinginfluencedbyadvertisements.Muchaswemayprideourselvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoosethethingswewant,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.“BeijingwillwelcometheOlympicGames.寫好段落的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一段一要點：在寫作過程中，將文章劃分為一個個段落的目的，就是將要闡述的信息分割為有一定意義的信息塊（組）。而將這些信息塊（組）按照一定的邏輯關(guān)系排列起來，就構(gòu)成了文章的整體。因此，在一個段落里，最好只呈現(xiàn)文章的一個要點，并緊緊圍繞這一要點進(jìn)行寫作。一定要注意不要在一個段落內(nèi)塞入二三個甚至更多的要點，這會使讀者感到困惑，不知本段側(cè)重陳述什么內(nèi)容。

主題句放前

主題句（topicsentence）是對整個段落要闡述內(nèi)容的高等濃縮概括，用一句或兩句話將其表述出來。一般來說，要將主題句放在段落的第一句，以便讓讀者一開始就明了作者在本段落要陳述的內(nèi)容。但如果有承上啟下的過渡句時，也可將主題句放在過渡句的后面。

段內(nèi)忌雜而亂一個段落之內(nèi)的幾個句子并非是雜亂無章地堆砌在一起的。這些句子一定要與該段所表達(dá)的要點密切相關(guān)，并且按照一定的邏輯關(guān)系排列。句子之間可以使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞語銜接起來，以保持段落的完整性。

不長也不短在遵循上面的一段一要點的原則上，還需要注意段落的長度。一般情況下，一個段落不要太短（1～2句話），也不可太長（15句話以上）。段落太短很難將意思表達(dá)清楚，太長則讀者會感到疲倦。

段間緊相連

由于每個段落集中闡述一個要點，段與段之間是相對獨立的，因此段落之間最好使用一些關(guān)聯(lián)詞語或過渡語句，將文章中的各個段落有機(jī)地串聯(lián)起來，使整篇文章渾然一體。段落的組成部分主題句topicsentence推展句supportingsentences結(jié)論句concludingsentence

Advertisementsareusefultothemanufactures.(主題句)Withtheirhelp,themanufacturescanprovidepeoplewithinformationabouttheirnewproducts--theirgoodquality,theircheappricesandtheirpopularity.(推展句)Asaresult,theymightsellwell,which,inreturn,maygreatlybenefitthemanufactures.(結(jié)尾句)

Mymotherhaspassedalongtomecertainrulesforgettingalongwithothers.Don'targuewithparents;theywillthinkyoudon'tlovethem.Don'targuewithchildren;theywillthinkthemselvesvictimized.Don'targuewithspouses;theywillthinkyouareatiresomemate.Don'targuewithstrangers;theywillthinkyouarenotfriendly.Mymother'srules,infact,canbesummedupintwowords:Don'targue.

主題句中心思想（controllingideaorcentralidea）是表達(dá)段落主題的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都圍繞它展開。YousaidyouweregoingtolearnChineseinJinhuaChineseschoolandaskedmetofindaflatforyou.Iamveryhappytohaveaclosefriend.(推展句)Asaresult,theymightsellwell,which,inreturn,maygreatlybenefitthemanufactures.Muchaswemayprideourselvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoosethethingswewant,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.1〕每個主要推展句都應(yīng)該是對主題句中表示主要思想的關(guān)鍵詞的直接、明確的說明。4）ExaminationNextFridayIwillgotomybestfriendAngela's1）它是英語實際運(yùn)用的基礎(chǔ)；而將這些信息塊（組）按照一定的邏輯關(guān)系排列起來，就構(gòu)成了文章的整體。Intheireffortstopersuadeustobuythisorthatproduct,advertisershavemadeaclosestudyofhumannatureandhaveclassifiedallourlittleweakness.b'Tomisahard-workingstudent.Myfriendishardworkingandwarm-hearted.3)Examinationisawayforteachertocheckstudents,butthereisabadbehaviorofcheatingintheexamination.推展句supportingsentences關(guān)鍵詞要盡量寫得具體些。主題句的位置

主題句通常放在段落的開端，其特點是開門見山地擺出問題，然后加以詳細(xì)說明。其作用是使文章的結(jié)構(gòu)更清晰，更具說服力，便于讀者迅速地把握主題和想象全段的內(nèi)容。主題句可以放在段中起到承上啟下的作用，或放在段尾起概括全段的作用。

Ourlifetodaydependsverymuchonenergy.Intownsandinvillages,onfarmsandinfactories,machineshavemadelifeeasierthanitusedtobe.Themachinesuseenergy,andenergyisneededforheating,lighting,communications,carryinggoods--everything.Factoriesandindustrialplantsuseagreatdealofenergytomakethethingsthatweuseandbuyandsell.

Intheireffortstopersuadeustobuythisorthatproduct,advertisershavemadeaclosestudyofhumannatureandhaveclassifiedallourlittleweakness.Noonecanavoidbeinginfluencedbyadvertisements.Muchaswemayprideourselvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoosethethingswewant,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.Intheireffortstopersuadeustobuythisorthatproduct,advertisershavemadeaclosestudyofhumannatureandhaveclassifiedallourlittleweakness.

寫好主題句中的關(guān)鍵詞

段落的主題句對主題的限定主要是通過句中的關(guān)鍵詞來表現(xiàn)的。關(guān)鍵詞要盡量寫得具體些。對“具體”的要求包括兩個方面：一是要具體到能控制和限制段落的發(fā)展；二是要具體到能說明段落發(fā)展的方法。準(zhǔn)確地把握關(guān)鍵詞是清楚地表達(dá)段落主題、寫好段落主題句的重要前提之一

比較：Hecanfixabicyclehimself.Hecanfixabicyclehimselfinseveralsimplesteps.Thereareseveralreasonswhyhecanfixabicyclehimself.

Muchaswemayprideourselvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoosethethingswewant,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.句子之間可以使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞語銜接起來，以保持段落的完整性。主題句的內(nèi)容要明確具體,具有特定性和單一性,切忌籠統(tǒng)。因此，在一個段落里，最好只呈現(xiàn)文章的一個要點，并緊緊圍繞這一要點進(jìn)行寫作。關(guān)鍵詞要盡量寫得具體些。Oneofmyhobbiesisdrawingoldpictures.Ihavesomefriendswhichcomefromdifferentcountries.MygoodFriendscelebratedtomybirthday,andgavememanykindsofpresents.(次要推展句2)Sweaty-palm,becauseI'malwaysnervousbeforeIentertheclassroom,surethatIwillbefoundoutforthefoolthatIam.關(guān)鍵詞要盡量寫得具體些。Muchaswemayprideourselvesonourgoodtaste,wearenolongerfreetochoosethethingswewant,foradvertisingexertsasubtleinfluenceonus.二是要具體到能說明段落發(fā)展的方法。寫好主題句中的關(guān)鍵詞段落的主題句對主題的限定主要是通過句中的關(guān)鍵詞來表現(xiàn)的。

比較：Shetriestoimproveherlooks.Shetriesmanywaystoimproveherlooks.Therearesomereasonswhyshetriestoimproveherlooks。

因此，導(dǎo)向(control)和制約(limit)。

Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstisthepropertyrightyouestablishbypayingforit,justasyouhavemadeitapartofyourselfandthebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.

Exerciseisbeneficialtoyourheart.A22-yearstudywasconductedbydoctorsinCalifornia.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhoworkatphysicaljobsexperiencefewerheartattacksthanotherpeople.Theseactivepeopleworkallthetimeatmoderatespeeds,theirdailyroutinegivesthemanadequateamountofexerciseandhelpsthemstayinshape.

小結(jié)主題句的內(nèi)容要明確具體,具有特定性和單一性,切忌籠統(tǒng)。a.Waterisimportant.a'Waterisimportanttous.bTomisagoodstudent.b'Tomisahard-workingstudent.MygoodFriendscelebratedtomybirthday,andgavememanykindsofpresents.(3)按論說的重要程度安排.一定要注意不要在一個段落內(nèi)塞入二三個甚至更多的要點，這會使讀者感到困惑，不知本段側(cè)重陳述什么內(nèi)容。Mymother'srules,infact,canbesummedupintwowords:Don'targue.主題句通常放在段落的開端，其特點是開門見山地擺出問題，然后加以詳細(xì)說明。關(guān)鍵詞要盡量寫得具體些。YousaidyouweregoingtolearnChineseinJinhuaChineseschoolandaskedmetofindaflatforyou.Advertisementsareusefultothemanufactures.次要推展句(minorsupportingstatement)是指對主要推展句作進(jìn)一步的事實分析和舉例說明。Wehadagoodtime.關(guān)鍵詞要盡量寫得具體些。一般順序是先次要后主要,最主要的理由放在最后.Ithinkexaminationhaveadvantageanddisadvantage.4）Ifyouwanttoentertheuniversityyoumusttositanexaminationinmath.1〕每個主要推展句都應(yīng)該是對主題句中表示主要思想的關(guān)鍵詞的直接、明確的說明。

主題句的語言要簡潔,開門見山.YousaidyouweregoingtolearnChineseinJinhuaChineseschoolandaskedmetofindaflatforyou.NowIamwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheoneI'vefoundforyou.I'mgladtoknowthatyouwillcometoChinaandI'vefoundaflatforyou.課堂練習(xí)就下面的主題寫出一個主題句：1）BirthdayParty2）Hobby3）MyFriend4）Examination5）OlympicGames練習(xí)講解1）MybirthdaywillcomeandIplantotakeabirthdayparty.2）Ionlyplaybadmintonasahobby.3）MyeyesmovingfromfacetofaceandIwondersheismyfriendorfoe?4）Ifyouwanttoentertheuniversityyoumusttositanexaminationinmath.5）WehaveeveryconfidenceinBeijing'sabilitytostageanexcellentOlympicgames.

1.Therewasanunexpected

thinghashappened

onmy

twenty'sbirthdayparty.2.Youcanachievemoreknowledgeandhappinessfrom

yourhobbies.3.Myfriendworkshardonhismathstudy.4.

DoyouthinkthatitisnecessaryforustositaCET4examination?5.NotonlydoOlympicGameshaveitsadvantages,butitalsohavedisadvantages.

Myfriendsgavemefourdifferentbirthdaypartyduringthepastfouryears.Myhobbiesarequietdifferentfromothers.Ihavesomefriendswhichcomefromdifferentcountries.TheexaminationincludesthefollowingpartsThereareseveralreasonswhyOlympicGamewillbeheldinChina.

1.Iwenttomybestfriend'sbirthdaypartylastMonday.2.Oneofmyhobbiesisdrawingoldpictures.3.Myfriendishardworkingandwarm-hearted.4.IsittedsomanyexaminationswhenIwasintheseniorhighschool.5.TherearesomenewcompetitionsinOlympicGames.

1.NextFridayIwillgotomybestfriendAngela'sbirthdayparty.2.Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasplayingbadminton,listeningtothemusicandchattingwithmyfriends.3.Inmyopinion,theexaminationisavailablebutnotnecessary.4."Oneworld,onedream.“BeijingwillwelcometheOlympicGames.5.WhatIdefinemyfriendiswhocanshareherhappinessandsorrowwithmewheneverwegettogether.

1.MygoodFriendscelebratedtomybirthday,andgavememanykindsofpresents.2.Marryhastwohobbiesunusualtootherpeople.3.Afriendisapersonwhocanletyoufeelwarmwhenyouaredepressed.SoIhavemanyfriends.4.Ithinkexaminationhaveadvantageanddisadvantage.5.ThesearemanyprojectsintheOlympicGames.

1)Ithinkallofyouhavehobbies.Butifyouknowthatdifferenthobbiesleadtodifferentcharacters.2)Youarelonelyifyouhavenofriends.Iamveryhappytohaveaclosefriend.3)Examinationisawayforteachertocheckstudents,butthereisabadbehaviorofcheatingintheexamination.4)AllthepeopleinChinafeelexcitingbecausethattheOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing.5)LastSaturdayallofmyclosefriendscametomyhometocelebratemybirthday.Wehadagoodtime.段落的推展主要特點是：圍繞段落主題句展開的每一個推展句本身都不要求作進(jìn)一步的說明或證明，句與句之間的關(guān)系是相互獨立又是互相連接的。

推展句的寫法(1)按事情的起因,經(jīng)過和結(jié)果的順序組織安排語句.一般的寫事段落采用這種辦法.(2)按地點和景物變換的空間順序組織安排語句.(3)按論說的重要程度安排.一般順序是先次要后主要,最主要的理由放在最后.

(主題句)Thereareseveralfactorsaffectingclimate.(推展句1)Onefactoristhemountofsunlightreceived.(推展句2)Altitude,ortheheightabovesealevel,alsodeterminesclimate.(推展句3)Theoceanshaveaneffectontheclimateofadjacentland.(推展句4)Inaddition,climateisinfluencedbythegeneralcirculationoftheatmosphere.

TherearethreereasonswhyIliketofish.First,Fishingcandevelopman’spersonality.Second,fishingcanhelpyoukilltimeandfinally,fishingcanmakeyoubecomem