2024年北京八一學(xué)校高一（上）10月月考英語試題及答案

2024北京八一學(xué)校高一10月月考英語考試時(shí)間：90分鐘試卷滿分：分第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題分，共分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastyearIdecideddosomevoluntarywork.IbegantoresearchontheInternetanddiscoveredUSA.ThreemonthsI___1___myselfonaplanePhoenix,Arizona.Iwas___2___atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeoplethreemonths.withinfifteenminutesofarriving,worrieshadgone.Everyonewassofriendlyandlike-mindedthatwaseasyfeelathome.IwassenttheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day___3___.hadcarryeverythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea___4___butin35℃heatandwithaheavypack,legswereonfire.Myjobwas___5___astairwayoutofrock.This___6___climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited()bymountainlions,althoughIshouldtheywereonlyheard,neverseen.Threedaysabeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The___7___ofknowingthatworkwillbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocomeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewerecaughtathunderstorm.Iwokeupmidnightfindaswimmingpoolintent.temperaturewasclose___8___.Ihadspendtherestofthenighttremblingtheonlydrypartofmytent.NeedlessIalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofacemylife.IwasthereandI___9___.IthinkIammuch___10___havingtakenpartintheproject.1.A.imagined2.A.annoyed3.A.project4.A.niceB.foundB.surprisedB.tourC.enjoyedC.nervousC.campaignC.longD.introducedD.excitedD.courseD.quickB.safe5.A.buildB.testC.cleanD.guard6.A.helped7.A.satisfaction8.A.boiling9.A.recovered10.A.smarterB.meantB.ambitionB.averageB.resistedB.strongerC.allowedC.expectationC.normalC.escapedC.happierD.endedD.intentionD.freezingD.survivedD.busier第二節(jié)語法練習(xí)（共10小題；每小題分，共分）Part1請(qǐng)寫出下列句子的句子基本類型以及劃線部分的句子成分。Sentence1:Inrecentyears,researchersfromdiversefieldshaveagreedthatshort-termismisnowasignificantproblemour.Sentence2:Whatisalsoveryisthatstudentsinthesameclasscanhavedifferentclassschedules.Sentence1的句子基本類型________________12.Sentence1中劃線部分的句子成分________________13.Sentence2的句子基本類型________________14.Sentence2中劃線部分的句子成分________________Part2閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。LastZhanggraduatedfromuniversityand___15___(get)ateacher’scertificate.Inspiredbyhisteachers,he___16___(apply)beavolunteerteacheravillageschool.Althoughtheschoolliveuphishopesandlifetherewaschallengingthanhe___17___(think),hefoundwaysdealwithchallenges.Henotonlyintroducedsubjectslikemusic,artandPEhelpstudents,butalsoorganizedthefirst-everschoolconcert.Nowstudents’schoollivesare___18___(attract)andtheschoolisfulloflaughterandmusic.Meanwhile,hebroughtmanychangestothevillage.Hecontactedcharity___19___aboutrebuildingtheschoolandhelpedthevillagersselllocalproductsonline.Althoughhehadonlyintendedstayforonehenow___20___(feel)readytostayforanother第二部分：閱讀理解（共50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該25小題；每小題2分，共50分）ALifestylesHyggehasbeenpopularintheUKforoveraItmeanstocreatearelaxedandcomfortablemood.Itcanbefeltbyrelaxingactivitieslikechattingwithfriends.Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.Thisreallyresonated(共鳴)withme.IfeelstressedathomebecausemysmallflatispackedwithmuchIdecidetothrowthethingsthatholdmemories.Doingthiswouldhelpmefeelhygge.Lastlagom,aSwedishwordmeaning“justtherightamount”,becameLagomisaboutseekingabalanceofworkandlife.alsoaboutlivingmoresustainably(可持續(xù)地)bysavingmorecreatinglesswasteandrecyclingmore.NextIhavetoreplacethingssooften.Plus,Ikeepthinkingaboutrecyclingandhopingsaveasmuchmoneyaspossible.So,Icangetonboardwithlagom.ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection.referstothefailingsintheproductionprocess,whichmakesanobjectspecial.Sabidescribesthebeautythatcomeswithage.Thetraditionofwabisabicananewviewourhomes.IamaperfectionistandIkeephomeButgirlsputtheirtoyseverywhere.So,Ihavetothemessandaccepttheimperfections.IntheJapaneseconcept,ikigaimeans“areasonforbeing”,whichcanbringsatisfactionandmeaningtolife.Manypeoplebelieveikigaicanbefoundatwhatyougoodatandwhatyoulovedoing.Forme,itisblogging.ThisyearIcandomorewritingtasksthatinterestme.ifInoticethethingsthatbringmenoIcanstayawayfromtheminthefuture.thiswillhelpmetoleadamoremeaningfullife.21.Ifapersonwantstoenjoyasimplebuthappylife,whichlifestylesuitable?A.Hygge.B.Lagom.C.sabi.D.Ikigai.22.livealifestyleofwabisabi,onehasto________.A.findbeautyinhisorherimperfectlifeB.achieveabalancebetweenworkandlifeC.behappyandfindoutthemeaningoflifeD.throwawaytheuselessandliveasimplelife23.Thispassageismostlikelytobereada________.A.researchreportB.travelblogC.productadvertisementD.popularmagazineBSurferDudestotheRescue!About50feetfromshoreoftheNorthernStateBeach,twobrotherswerefightingfortheirlives.Theyhadbeensweptouttoseainacurrent(激流),theirmouthsbarelyabletostayabovetheThickmadeitforbeachgoersseeguys,butthescreamswereunmistakable.everysecondcounted.brothers,agesand20,werewearingshortsandunsuitableforaNovemberletalonethefreezingKevenasupervisingranger(巡查員),toldtheNorthCoastJournalinnearbyEurekathatswimminginsuchatemperature“takesthefightrightoutofyou.”foursurfersinsuitswereNarayanSpenserStratton,Adrianall16,alongwithOrtiz-Beck,15,wereontheirsurfboardsridingupanddownthecoastonfive-footwaveswhentheyheardthecries.Theyturnedandsawtwobobbingheadsandfourstrugglingarms.lookedeachotherandknewtheseguyswereabouttodrown,”toldthePost.Stratton,andOrtiz-BeckpaddledtowardthedistressedswimmerswhileheadedtoshoretowarnsomeonetocallHethendivedbackintohelphisfriends.Asthesurfersdrewclose,thebrotherswerestillfightinghardfortheirlives.“Itwasprettystressful,buttheretimetothinkaboutit,andthathelpedmekeepcool,”O(jiān)rtiz-Becksays.Ortiz-BeckpulledupalongsidetheyoungerGrabbinghimunderhisarms,heraisedhimupontohisboard.Strattonandmeanwhile,hurriedtohelptheolderHewas250to300pounds,andhewaspanicked.“Itoldthem,‘Calmdown—wegotyou!’”says“Theythoughttheyweregoingtodie.”arrivedtimehelpgettheolderbrotheratopthesecondboard.Thesurfersthenpaddledseveralminutesthroughchoppywaterthemedicalhelpwaitingonshore.brothersscaredbutfine.“Whenwegetacalllikethisone,usuallytoolatebythetimewegetthere,”saysDillonafirst“Ienoughaboutwhattheseboysdid.Theywerewillingandpreparedtorisktheirlives.”24.Whatcanknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.brotherswerealmostdrownedinthesea.B.Beachgoershappenedmeetthetwobrothers.C.supervisingrangerwarnedthemswimthen.D.Surfersbarelyandshortsinsuch25.Whatwerethefourboysdoingwhentheyheardscreams?A.Swimminginacurrent.B.Surfingonhighwaves.C.Strugglingwiththeirarmstoshore.26.Intherescue,______.D.Practisingdivingthesea.A.AndriandivedbacktocallthepoliceB.KevenHarderplayedthemostimportantroleC.NarayantriedcalmdownthebrothersD.Ortiz-Becksavedtheandpanickedbrother27.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethefoursurfers?A.HardworkingandC.Devotedandtalented.B.Kindandhumorous.D.Braveanddetermined.CAsyoucraftyourresolutionsfor2025,consideraddingonetoexperiencemorePsychologistMihályCsíkszentmihályihascalledflowas“thesecrettohappiness.”Flowisastateofpositiveexperiencethateachofuscanincorporateintooureverydaylives,onecharacterizedbygreatjoythatmakesalifeworthliving.Whenpeoplefeeltheyareinastateofintenseconcentration.Theirthoughtsfocusedonanexperienceratherthanonthemselves.Theyloseasenseoftimeandfeelasiftheiractionsandawarenessbecomeone.Flowoccurswhenboththechallengeandskilllevelarehigh.Peoplewillnotfeelflowwhentheyaredoingthedishes.researchinthe1970sfocusedpeopledoingtaskstheyenjoyed.Hestudiedswimmers,musiccomposers,dancers,mountainclimbersandotherathletes.Hefoundoutthatsolongasthatchallengeishigh,andareyourskills,youshouldbeableachieveWhyisflow“thesecrettohappiness”?Foronething,theexperiencecanhelppeoplepursuetheirlong-termgoals.Researchshowsthattakingabreaktofeelflowcanenhanceself-control,goalpursuitandwell-being.Arecentstudyalsoshowsthatflowhelpspeoplestayresilient(有適應(yīng)力的)inthefaceofPartofthisisbecauseflowcanhelprefocusthoughtsawayfromsomethingstressfulsomethingenjoyable.Infact,studieshaveshownthatexperiencingflowcanhelpguardagainstdepressionandburnout.Whatisgoingoninbrainduringflow?Studiesshowthattheexperienceisassociatedwithincreasingactivationinbrainstructuresrelatedtofeelingreward.ThismaybeonereasonwhyflowfeelsenjoyableandwhypeoplesofocusedontasksthatmakethemfeelResearchalsoshowsthatflowisassociatedwithdampenedactivitybrainstructuresrelatedtoself-focusandnegativethoughts.Thismayhelpexplainwhyfeelingflowcanhelpdistract(轉(zhuǎn)移)peoplefromtheabove-mentionedstudieswerecorrelational,notcausal.Furtherstudyofthisconnectionisvital.28.Accordingtothepassage,flowismostlikelytooccurwhensomeoneis______.A.playingchessagainstatoughopponentC.doingdailychoresforhisfamilymembersB.attendingaconcertofhisfavoritesingerD.sharinghistravelingexperiencewithfriends29.Flowiscalled“thesecrethappiness”partlybecauseitcanhelp______.A.turndemandingtasksintoeasieronesB.distractpeoplefromnegativethoughtsC.remindpeopletotakenecessarybreaksD.breaklong-termgoalsshorterones30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dampened”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Planned.B.Imbalanced.C.Reduced.D.Activated.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.Whendoesthestateof“flow”occur?B.Whathappensinourbrainduring“flow”?D.Howcan“flow”beachievedineverydaylife?C.Whydoesexperiencing“flow”feelgood?DIgetthatparentsworryaboutscreentime.Butspeakingasaresearcherstudyingtheeffectsofscreen-basedexperiences,screenscanbeagreattoolforreading.Digitalbooksgivechildrenuniqueopportunitiestolearnandimproveskillsthroughliteracyapps.thatend,Iamofmanyresearchersinthisfieldbelievethatdigitalreadingshouldnotbeconsideredscreeninthetraditionalsense.thenumberofeducationaltechnologicalproductsthatlackresearchandgooddesign,themillion-dollarquestionis:Whatmakesadigitalstorygoodforlearning?Overthepast20years,researchershaveidentifiedspecificdesignfeaturesandreadingsituationsthatmakedigitalbooksmoreeducationalthanothers.First,crucialthatdigitalbookshigh-qualitypersonalizedreadingexperiences.booksthathaveAI-basedtextgeneratorsandamoreopen-endeddesign,childrenbecomemultimediacreators,co-writersandco-illustratorsoftheirownstoryuniverse.Second,digitalbookscansignificantlyenhancetheparent-childreadingexperience.questionsembedded(嵌入的)indigitalbooksshouldmodelandexpandwhatparentmightask,andthroughthismodeling,enhancethequalityofparents’talkaroundthebook.ButasmuchIsupportdigitalreading,thecommercialturninthedevelopmentofedtechworriesme,particularlyrelationtoprofit-drivendesignandmisuseofdata.Likesomesocialmedia,subscriptionlibrariesturnkids’attentionintoacommodity(商品)throughautomaticbookrecommendations.Thesebooksoftentiedtoadvertisingclicksandexhibitlowliteraryqualitytheirstories.Furthermore,oftennocontentoversight,allowinganyonebecomeawhichcanleadtothecreationofbiasedordata-gatheringmaterialstargetingchildren.GenerativeAIhasexpandedcontentcreationpossibilitiesbutalsoraisedconcernsaboutthisregard,digitalbooks,likealledtech,needstrictqualitychecksandimprovedcollaborationbetweenresearchersanddevelopers.thedigitalreadingformathasopenedanexcitingnewresearchThisincludesusingreal-timedatathatteachersandotherprofessionalscanusetoindividualizehowchildrenlearntoread.AIcanbeagoodpartnersupportingadults’choiceoftexts,promptsandreadingactivitiesforchildren,provideditistrainedwithdiversedataandvalidreadingmodels.Asresearchers’callsforevidence-basedtecharebeingheardbygovernmentsandfunders,Ihopethepasttwodecadesofe-bookresearchcandelivertheadvantagesofdigitalbookstoallchildren.Likeornot,Ihopeyou’llseethat,atleastforreading,screenscanbeanamazingtooltoteachyourchildtoread.32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscountingdigitalreadingasscreentime?A.Supportive.B.Neutral.C.Cautious.D.Disapproving.33.Accordingtothepassage,digitalbookscontributeto______.A.moreopen-endedquestionsB.qualityparent-childinteractionD.changesinkids’readinghabitsC.personalizeddesignfeatures34.Whataremajorthreatstodigitalreading?A.Profit-drivendesignanddatamisuse.C.greatnumberofadvertisements.35.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.highlighttherisksofscreentime.C.anotherviewdigitalreading.B.strictchecksonthecontent.D.Lowliteraryqualitybuthighprices.B.introducesomeadvancesinedtech.D.presentthebenefitsofreadingonline.ELastyearscientistsreportedusinganeuralimplant(神經(jīng)植入物)inabraintorestorehisabilitycommunicate.Themanhasbeenpartiallyparalyzedandunabletoproducecomprehensiblespeechsinceaseverestroke.Itisthelatestadvanceintheexplodingfieldofbrain-computerinterfaces(接口),orBCIs,whichallowcomputerstoreadinformationoutofalivingbrain.Brain-computerinterfacesarepossiblebecauseoftwofacts.Thefirstisthatyourbraincontainshundredsoftinymaps.representsspecificfeaturesofyourphysicalfeelingsandintendedactions.thebasicsetofbrainmapsandtheirlocationswithinthebrainareverysimilaracrossindividuals.Thankstotheirspecializedfunctionsanduniversallocations,brainmapsareidealentrypointsBCItechnologies.PickingupsignalsfromabrainmapisonlythefirststepinmakingausefulBCI.Althoughthelocationofabrainmapissameacrossindividuals,thedetails—whatpatternsofactivitywithinthemapmean—frompersonperson.asense,theuniquefeaturesofyourspecificbrainmapsserveasakindofencryption加密),safeguardingyourspecificthoughtsandfeelingsfromwould-bespies.ThatbringsustothesecondfactthatmakesBCIspossible.Thankstoadvancesinmachinelearning,scientistshavedevelopedprogramsthatcanlearnrecognizekeypatternsinavastseaofnumbers.Theytraintheseprogramstodecode(解碼)brainsignalsbyfeedingthemtonsofexamples.ResearchersdevelopingBCIsoftencreatesuchexamplesbyinstructinganindividualthinkspecificthoughtsatspecifictimes,creatinganeuralcurriculumfortheprogramlearnfrom.WhiletheuniversalfeaturesandlocationsofbrainmapsmakethemobviousentrancesforBCIs,theuniquefeaturesofyourbrainmapstendprotectthemfromspyingeyes.IncaseswhereBCIshavesuccessfullyreadspecificthoughtsorintentionsfromabrain,ithasbeenwiththepermissionoftheindividualwhosebrainwasbeingread.Buttherearesurreptitiouswaystraindecodersyourbrainwithoutyourknowledge.Thiscanhappenifyourneuraldatafallsintothehandsofcompanieswithdetailedinformationaboutyouractivities.Likealltechnologies,brain-computerinterfacesarenotnecessarilygoodorbad.whileharvestingthebenefitsofBCIs,weneedtoensurethatwehavethemeanstoprotectourselvesfromcorporationswitheverymotivetotakeadvantageofthistechnologyfortheirfinancialgain.36.Whatcanlearnaboutbrainmaps?A.Theycarryuniquemessages.B.Theycanprocessencryptedsignals.C.Theirfunctionsvaryfrompersonperson.D.Theirlocationsrevealhumanthinkingpatterns.37.Whatcaninferfromthepassage?A.BCIscanboostbrainsignalsB.BCIscouldhelprecoverfrombraininjuries.C.MachinelearningenablesBCIsreadmind.D.ThedecodingofbrainmaybebyBCIs.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surreptitious”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Secure.B.Stable.D.Secret.C.Standard.39.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThefuturetrendofBCIs.C.workingprincipleofBCIs.B.potentialrisksofBCIs.D.ThegeneralapplicationsofBCIs.FMarkhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.hesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedcleverliteraryattackonracism(種族主義).Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilH.B.UncleCabinonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithminorexceptions,plantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudice(偏見)intotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseHedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintotheAgainandagain,thepostwaryears,seemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Considerthemostcontroversial,leastofnovels,ofHuckleberryFinn.OnlyabookshavebeenkickedtheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn,mostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthemasrude.himselfwrotethatthosewhobannedthebookconsideredthenovel“trashandsuitableonlyfortheslums(貧民窟).”MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurrencesoftheword(ThetermNiggerJim,forwhichthenovelisoftenseverelycriticized,neverappearsit.)Buttheattackswereandaresilly—andmissthepoint.novelisstronglysearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhaspointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecultureandvoiceoftheindividual:Jim,thefatherandtheman.”Thereismuchmore.mysterynovelPudd’nheadstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior(低等的)towhites,especiallyintelligence,talecenteredpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtoherbabyand,fearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimthebabybyhiswife.Thelight-skinnedchildwastakenbewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave-holdingclass.Thebabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslave.Thepointwasdifficulttonurture(),notnature,wasthekeysocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedtheofprejudice—mannerofspeech,example—were,toindicativeofnothingotherthanconditioningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.racialtonewasnotperfect.isleftexample,bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography(自傳)abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled“niggershows”hisyouth—mostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack-face—andhisdelightgettinghismothertolaughthem.thereisnoreasonthinksawtheshowsasrepresentingHisfrequentattacksonslaveryprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthattheydidnot.aracist?Askingthequestionthe21stcenturyisaswiseasaskingthesameofLincoln.Ifwereadthewordsandattitudesofthepastthroughthe“wisdom”oftheconsideredmoraljudgmentsofthepresent,wewillfindnothingbutLincoln,believedtheblackmantheinferiorofthewhite,foughtandwonawartofreehim.raisedaslavestate,brieflyaandinventorofJim,havedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjusticeandawakenitscollectiveconsciencethananyothernovelistinthepast40.HowdonovelsonslaveryfromA.themesseemedagreewithplots.B.attackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C.wasopenlyconcernedwithracism.D.wasmorewillingtodealwithracism.41.RecentcriticismofofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyits________.A.readersatthebottomC.ratherimpolitelanguageB.anti-slaveryattitudeD.frequentuseof“nigger”42.Whatbestprovesanti-slaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?A.ThevoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.B.searchforhisfamilywasdescribeddetail.C.Jimgrewintoaandafatherwhiteculture.D.suspectedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.43.Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat________.A.blacks’socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheybroughtupB.slaveswereforcedgiveuptheirbabiestotheirmastersC.slaves’babiescouldpickupslave-holders’wayofspeakingD.blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7referto?A.Theattacks.B.SlaveryandprejudiceC.Whitemen.D.Theshows.45.WhydoestheauthorcompareLincolnthepassage?A.highlighttheirsimilarpersonalbackgrounds.B.showthatbothhadimperfectviewsonracebytoday'sstandards.C.illustratehowbothwerepraisedfortheircontributionstoliterature.D.demonstratethatbothhadcontroversialpubliclives.第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共20分）5小題，每小題4分，共20分）46.Jim在學(xué)校里總是專心聽講，積極思考，有空就做作業(yè)。(attentive)漢譯英)________________________________________________________________47.購(gòu)物前，能夠比較不同網(wǎng)店的質(zhì)量和價(jià)格，非常方便。(convenient)漢譯英)________________________________________________________________48.離開的想法曾在腦海中閃過，但是他很快就放棄了這個(gè)念頭，并且找到了應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的辦法。(flashthrough)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________49.我們班已經(jīng)為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)準(zhǔn)備了大量的水和巧克力。(prepare)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________50.Jim覺得很激動(dòng)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)學(xué)校和他以前的學(xué)校在很多方面不一樣。(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________參考答案第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題分，共分）【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.B7.AD9.D10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文，敘述了作者進(jìn)行志愿者活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷和感受。【1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：三個(gè)月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己坐上了飛往亞利桑那州鳳凰城的飛機(jī)。A.imagined想象；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.enjoyed享受；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)下文“onaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona”以及語境可知，在發(fā)現(xiàn)USA之后三個(gè)月，作者就動(dòng)身了，即，“發(fā)現(xiàn)”自己在飛往目的地的飛機(jī)上。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一想到要和一群陌生人一起生活三個(gè)月，我就很緊張。A.annoyed煩惱的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.nervous緊張的；D.excited激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ivingwithloadsofnewpeoplethreemonths”以及“myworrieshadgone”可知，作者知道要和許多陌生人一起度過三個(gè)月時(shí)，內(nèi)心很“緊張”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被派往科羅納多國(guó)家森林進(jìn)行我的第一個(gè)為期8天的項(xiàng)目。A.project項(xiàng)目；B.tour旅行；C.campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.course課程。根據(jù)下文“hadcarryeverythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.”可知，作者被派往科羅納多國(guó)家森林進(jìn)行第一個(gè)為期8天的“項(xiàng)目”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這似乎不是一段很長(zhǎng)的路，但在35攝氏度的高溫下，再加上沉重的背包，我的腿像是著火了。A.nice美好的；B.safe安全的；C.long長(zhǎng)的；D.quick快的。根據(jù)上文“threemiles”可知，三英里的步行距離并不是很“長(zhǎng)的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的工作是用巖石建一個(gè)階梯。A.build建造；B.test測(cè)試；C.clean清潔；D.guard保衛(wèi)。根據(jù)下文“climbingupanddownthesideofamountain”可知，作者在獅子棲息地“建造”一個(gè)階梯供獅子攀爬。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著要在山獅居住的山坡上爬上爬下，盡管我應(yīng)該說，我只聽說過這些獅子，卻從沒有看到它們。A.helped幫助；B.meant意味著；allowed允許；D.ended結(jié)束。根據(jù)前一句“Myjobwasto5astairwayoutofrock”可知，本句是對(duì)前一句工作內(nèi)容的解釋和補(bǔ)充：這“意味著”要在山獅居住的山坡上爬上爬下。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我的作品將在那片山上出現(xiàn)多年，我感到非常滿足。A.satisfaction滿足；B.ambition野心；C.expectation期待；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)上文“Threedaysabeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.”以及下文“myworkwillbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocome”可知，作者知道自己建造的石梯會(huì)在山上存在很久，內(nèi)心十分“滿足”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：溫度接近冰點(diǎn)。A.boiling沸騰的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing極冷的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”可知，溫度是“極冷的”，作者冷到顫抖。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我知道，無論在生命中將要面對(duì)什么，我都在那里，我挺過來了。A.recovered恢復(fù)；B.resisted抵抗；C.escaped逃離；D.survived繼續(xù)存活。根據(jù)上文“Iwasthere”以及語境可知，無論面對(duì)什么，作者都在那里并且“存活”下來了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為參加了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目后，我變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)了。A.smarter更聰明的；B.stronger更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；C.happier更開心的；D.busier更忙碌的。根據(jù)“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinlife.IwasthereandI9.”以及語境可知，在志愿者經(jīng)歷后，作者變得“更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)”了。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法練習(xí)（共10小題；每小題分，共分）Part1【答案】主謂賓12.狀語13.14.【解析】【題詳解】考查句子成分。句意：近年來，來自不同領(lǐng)域的研究人員一致認(rèn)為，短期主義現(xiàn)在是我們社會(huì)中的一個(gè)重大問題。分析句子可知，本句中researchersfromdiversefields(來自不同領(lǐng)域的研究人員)，為主語；haveagreed(已一致認(rèn)為)，為謂語；thatshort-termismisnowasignificantprobleminoursociety(短期主義現(xiàn)在是我們社會(huì)的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題)，為賓語從句作賓語。故填：主謂賓?！?2題詳解】考查句子成分。句意：近年來，來自不同領(lǐng)域的研究人員一致認(rèn)為，短期主義現(xiàn)在是我們社會(huì)中的一個(gè)重大問題。分析句子可知，inoursociety(在我們的社會(huì)中)，為介詞短語作狀語。故填：狀語?！?3題詳解】考查句子成分。句意：同樣非常不同的是，同一班的學(xué)生可以有不同的上課時(shí)間表。分析句子可知，Whatisalsoverydifferent(同樣非常不同的)，為主語從句作主語；is(是)，為系動(dòng)詞；thatstudentsinthesameclasscanhavedifferentclassschedules(同一班的學(xué)生可以有不同的上課時(shí)間表)，為表語從句作表語。故填：主系表。【14題詳解】考查句子成分。句意：同樣非常不同的是，同一班的學(xué)生可以有不同的上課時(shí)間表。分析句子可知，inthesameclass(在同一班的)，為介詞短語作定語，修飾前面名詞students。故填：定語。Part2【答案】15.got16.applied17.hadanizations20.feels【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了張?zhí)斐蔀榇逍Ｖ驹刚呓處熀蟮呢暙I(xiàn)與感受?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：去年，張?zhí)鞆拇髮W(xué)畢業(yè)并且獲得了教師資格證。空處為句子的并列謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Lastyear可知，句子為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填got?！?6題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：受到老師們的啟發(fā)，他申請(qǐng)成為鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校的一名志愿教師?？仗帪榫渥拥闹^語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，本句話為陳述過去事實(shí)，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填applied?！?7題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：雖然學(xué)校沒有達(dá)到他的期望，并且那里的生活比他想象的更具挑戰(zhàn)性，但他找到了應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的方法?？仗帪楸容^狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空前的was可知，該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，主句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，所以從句用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示過去的過去。故填hadthought?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：現(xiàn)在學(xué)生們的校園生活更有吸引力，學(xué)校里充滿了笑聲和音樂。空處需要形容詞作表語。attract的形容詞為attractive“有吸引力的”，此處表示比以前的校園生活更有吸引力，所以需要用形容詞的比較級(jí)。故填moreattractive。【19題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他聯(lián)系慈善組織重建學(xué)校，并幫助村民們?cè)诰€銷售當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品。空處需要名詞organization“組織”，構(gòu)成短語“charityorganizations”，意為“慈善組織”，在句中作賓語。表示多個(gè)慈善組織，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填organizations?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：雖然他最初只打算待一年，但他現(xiàn)在覺得準(zhǔn)備再待一年。空為句子的謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)now可知，本句話為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填feels。第二部分：閱讀理解（共50分）【答案】21.A22.AD【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種新的生活方式?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.(此外，hygge也是關(guān)于學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的事情感到快樂的生活方式)”可推知，如果一個(gè)人想要享受簡(jiǎn)單而快樂的生活，Hygge這種生活方式會(huì)適合他。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyimperfection.(來自日本的wabisabi，致力于在不完美中尋找美)”可知，wabisabi這種生活方式需要在不完美的生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)美。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了四種不同的生活方式，根據(jù)標(biāo)題“NewLifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知，這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在流行雜志上。故選D?！敬鸢浮?4.A25.B26.C27.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。本文講述了四名正在沖浪的青少年在緊要關(guān)頭冒險(xiǎn)救人的故事?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段對(duì)兄弟倆的狀態(tài)描述“Theyhadbeensweptouttoseaaripcurrent(激流),theirmouthsbarelyablestayabovetheThickfogmadeitforbeachgoerstotheguys,butthescreamswereunmistakable.Andeverysecondcounted.(他們被一股激流卷到了海里，他們的嘴幾乎無法露出水面。濃霧讓海灘上的游客很難看到他們，但尖叫聲是明顯的。千鈞一發(fā)。)”以及巡查員的話“swimmingsuchatemperature“takesthefightrightoutofyou.”(在這樣的溫度下游泳會(huì)“讓你喪失斗志”)”可知，兩兄弟情況危急，差點(diǎn)淹死在海里。故選A。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“NarayanSpenserStratton,Adrianall16,alongwithOrtiz-Beck,15,wereontheirsurfboardsridingupanddownthecoastonfive-footwaveswhentheyheardthecries.”(聽到呼喊聲時(shí)，16歲的Narayan、spencerStratton和Adrian15歲的ortizi–beck正在5英尺高的海浪上沖浪)可知，他們正在沖浪，故選B。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Itoldthem,‘Calmdown—wegotyou!’”says“Theythoughttheygoingtodie.”(“我告訴他們，冷靜點(diǎn)，我們來救你們了!”說?！八麄円詾樽约阂懒??！?”可知，Narayan試圖讓兄弟倆鎮(zhèn)定下來，故選。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Stratton,andOrtiz-BeckpaddledtowardthedistressedswimmerswhileheadedshoretowarnsomeonecallHethendivedbacktohelphisfriends.(Stratton和Ortiz-Beck劃著槳向受困的游泳者走去，則前往岸邊告知有人撥打。然后他又跳回去幫助他的朋友們)”和第四段“Itwasprettystressful,butthereanytimetothinkaboutit,andthathelpedmekeepcool,”O(jiān)rtiz-Becksays.(Ortiz-Beck:“壓力很大，但我沒有時(shí)間去想，