2024年北京理工大附中高二（上）10月月考英語(yǔ)試題及答案

2024北京理工大附中高二10月月考英語(yǔ)第一部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)（共3節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)單詞填空（共8小題，每小題1分，共8分）根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)漢語(yǔ)提示，用單詞正確形式填空。1.IknowthatIa________student,butIslowlearnnewthings.(自愿的)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))2.thingaboutbeingateacheristhatyouhave________tomindswhentheyareopenandeagerlearn.(接近)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))3.Sheisverystrictand________becauseshewantsustobebetterlearners.Ireallywishcouldbelessdirectandmoreencouraging.(要求高的)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))4.Duringtheface-to-facecommunication,teachertellsusexactlywhereourproblemsareandhowwecan________.(提高)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))5.Onthesurface,Ihaveanactivesociallife.IattendpartiesandplaysportsbutI’malways________.(分心的)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))6.friendstrydragmeawayphone,butassoonasI’maloneagain,I’m________togetbackonlineworldandtheintenseactivitythatitprovides.(不顧一切的)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))7.Duringthefinalround,ajudge,youwouldbe________forlisteningtoallthespeeches,notingdownanypositiveornegativeaspectsforeachone.(負(fù)責(zé)的)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))8.Competitorsshouldbejudgedontheirpronunciation,clarityandandalsoprogressionofideasandaudience________.(參與度)(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫(xiě))第二節(jié)完形填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，共分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Thursdaywouldbehuge.ButwhencoachannouncedthechampionshipgamewouldbeanightgameonDevin'sheart___9___.Theconcertwasatthesametimeasthegame.AndMs.Poltishad___10___Devintosingabriefsolo(獨(dú)唱).Thinkingthesoccerteamwasontheedgeofatitleandhewasabigreason—hetheleagueinscoring,Devinfrowned(皺眉).Hecouldn'tdisappointhisteamby___12___thegame.Thatnight,Devinlaybed,staringatthetrophies()fromraces,baseballleaguesandfree-throwcontestswhich___13___hisshelves.Thesolowasonlyfourlinesinthemiddleofasong,butthethoughtofsinging___14___madehimshiver(顫抖).He'dneversungasolobefore.Nowarelieftoknowhedidn'thaveto.Thesoccergamewasaperfect___15___.WhileatthemomentMs.Poltis'wordscametohismind"Ichoseyounotbecauseyou'rethebestsingerbutbecauseyouworkhard,likethepersoninthesong.Andyouhaveaverynicevoice.Sodon'tnervous.Beproud."Itwasnosecretthatseveralotherchoirmembershad___16___singingvoicesthanhedid.Buthelikedthesong,andhe___17___howkindandinspiringMs.Poltisalwayswas.FinallyDevinmadeachoiceandwhisperedthesolowith____18____,"nomatterhowhardstruggle.Iwillneverletyoudown…"9.A.bledB.sankC.hurtD.beat10.A.taughtA.ledB.allowedB.wonC.chosenC.joinedC.enteringC.coveredC.aloneD.orderedD.formedD.skippingD.decoratedD.proudlyD.excuseD.deeper12.A.watching13.A.linedB.playingB.piled14.A.loudly15.A.platform16.A.louder17.A.appreciated18.A.tensionB.outsideB.requestB.strongerB.acceptedB.patienceC.conditionC.softerC.confirmedC.sorrowD.praisedD.confidence第三節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，共分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。PeoplefromsouthernChinanormallybuy____19____theyneedforjustoneormealsatatime.normalforthemtobuyjusthalfaChinesecabbage,two____20____(potato)and25gramsofbeefatatime.____21____,apersonmaybelaughedatiftheydothisinthenorth.differencecouldbebecauseofthedifferentclimates.can____22____(keep)foralongtimeinthenorth,asusuallycoldanddrythere.southernChinesepeopleprefertobuyjustenoughfoodforonemealoronedayduetothehotandwetweatherinthesouth.B閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)所給詞的正確形式填空.Mrs.Baileywasimportantintheeducationaljourney___23___carriedmethroughschoolandintomyprofession.UntilIjoinedherclass,IbelievedmyabilityasaShepersuadedme___24___(join)thepoetrysocietyand___25___(light)afireforliterature.recognizedpotentialandshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandenthusiasm.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinspired___26___I’vecarvedoutasuccessfulprofessionasajournalist.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)所給詞的正確形式填空。Thestabilityofthedevelopinglivestreamingsectorhasmadeanidealsourceofjobsforthose___27___(bear)after1995haveapassionfornovelandnewlyindustries,expertssaid.ArecentreportbyZhaopin,anonlinerecruitmentplatform,ande-commercegiantAlibabarevealedsteadygrowthinthelivestreamingsectorthethirdquarterofthewithjobpostings___28___(rise)upnearly12percentTheincreasewasaround5percentagepoints___29___(high)averagethanforotherindustries.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共10小題：每小題2分，共20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A2018PhotographeroftheSouthAfricanSkyewinnerofa45,000entrycompetition,just16yearsofage.SkyehasbeenpublishedovertheyearsinprintmedianotjustforhisphotographybutalsovoicinghisopiniononconservationinSouthAfricaandtheneedmoreyoungphotographersoutthere.ForSkye,photographyisnotjustaboutthecompetitionsenteredandwonbutalsotheplatformithimcreateawarenessaboutournaturalworldandconservingthelongterm.ispartofaninterviewtoSkyetheRationalPerspective.Host:Howdoyougettohavetheabilitytoseetheseanimalsinwild?Skye:I'vebeenfortunateenoughthatmyparentsaresopassionateaboutthebushthatit'sjustaby-productofmegoingonadventureswiththemthatI'vebeenabletopursuephotographybecauseit'snotsomethingthateverykidwilllike.IwantwildlifeSoit'squiteauniquesituationforme.It'ssomethingthatIhavebeenbroughtupandsomethingI'vebeenfortunatetoexperience.Host:Howdoyoutakeagoodofaleopard?Skye:IhadbeenfollowingLimpy(theLeopard)formanyyearsandholdsaspecialplacemyheart.IhadgrownalongsideForme,theperfectshotisonewhereIfeelifI'mnotreallythere.It'swheretheanimaliscomfortableenoughtobehaveasifI'mnotthere.Ilikefeelimmersedinmomentcapturenatureatitsmostnatural.IlikefocusonwhatIwouldliketoseeinthemomentwhatIfeel.SoinmywinningpictureIsawthepeaceandtranquillityofthemoment,andthat'swhatItriedtocapture.30.WhatdoesSkyethinkofphotography?A.Aplatformtoshowneeds.B.Awaygaingoodreputation.C.Achancetogetclosetonaturalworld.D.Aplacetoraiseawarenessofconservation.31.WhichofthefollowingenablesSkyetoobservewildanimals?A.Hislearningexperience.B.thecompetition.C.Adventuringwithhisparents.D.Hisphotographyknowledge.32.WhatistherealreasonSkype'ssuccess?A.HestayedinthewildC.Hefoundaspecialplacefortheanimal.B.Hecapturedtheanimaltakepictures.D.Hetookthephotooftheanimalitsnaturalstate.BIfthereisonethingwecanconclusivelyaboutIsaacthathecouldwrite.Hisbodyofextendstoover500books.addtothat,hewasneverboundaspecificfield.Althoughmostfamousasasciencefictionhepublishedonmanymoretopics.Partofthisrelatedhisgiftedmind,butabiggerpartwasthathewaswell-educated.Manytendtothinkofbeingeducatedasthedegreesweearn.Asimovdidhaveagooddegree,buthisrealeducationwasbroaderthanthat.Itwasdeeperthanhelearnedinstruction.ItwashiscuriosityandhisdrivepushhimselfthattookhimfromayoungimmigrantmaybeoneofthemostbelovedUSauthors.Asayoungkid,hespenthisdayslostinhismindaskingquestionsandcreatingimaginaryworlds.Hereadbooks,andhelovedknowledge.Inhisautobiography(自傳)BeenaGoodLife,Asimovtellsastoryaboutencounterhehadasachildwhenhisfatheraskedhimaquestion:“Howdidyoulearnallthis,Isaac?”“Fromyou,Pappa,”Asimovsaid.“Fromme?Iknowanyofthis.”haveto,Pappa,”Hesaid.valuedlearningandtaughtmetovalueit.OnceIlearnedtovalueit,restcamewithouttrouble.”markofeducatedmindshasnothingtodowithhowtheyIthaseverythingtodowiththetheyknowandthewaytheyaboutknowing.Also,onethingthatmanypeopleknowaboutIsaacAsimovisthatheactuallyafull-timewriterformostofhislife.Bypersonalchoice,hisday-jobwasasachemist.Oneofthethingsthatmanypolymaths(博學(xué)者)naturallydoisexploreabroadrangeofnon-fictiontopics.Butsomethingtheytendtooverlookistheknowledgetheycanobtainfromfiction.BeforeAsimovfelllovewithscience,hewasalreadyattractedbyfiction.ItwashisloveofGreekmythandhisreadingof18thand19th-centuryclassicsthatledtobecomeagreat33.Accordingtothepassage,IsaacAsimovisa________.A.belovedchemistB.full-timefictionauthorD.knowledgeableeducatorC.productivesci-fiwriter34.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Agooddegreereflectsrealeducationlevel.B.PolymathstendtolookdownuponGreekmyth.C.learnismoreimportantthanknowledgeitself.D.Non-fictionisnotworthreadingifoneistobecomea35.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.analyzethereasonsbehindsuccessasaB.introducechildhoodandhisachievements.C.emphasizethecontributionsAsimovhasmade.D.callonthereaderstobuybooks.CHowandroughly2millionyearsago,earlyhumanancestorsevolvedbrainsandbeganfashioningrelativelyadvancedstonetools,isoneofthegreatmysteriesofevolution.Someresearchersthesechangeswerebroughtaboutbyinventionofcooking.Theypointoutthatourbiteweakenedaroundthesametimeourlargerbrainsevolved,andthatittakeslesstoabsorbnutrientscookedfood.Asaresult,oncetheyhadmasteredart,earlychefscouldinvestlessintheirdigestivesystemsandthusinvesttheresultingenergysavingsinbuildingbrainscapableofcomplexthought.Thereis,aproblemwiththecookingMostarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家）believetheevidenceofcontrolledfirestretchesbacknomorethan790,000years.RogerSummonsoftheMassachusettsInstituteofhasasolution.withhisteam,heanalyzed1.7million-year-oldsand-stonesthatformedancientriverOlduvaiinTheregionisfamousforthenumberofhumanfossils(化石)thathavebeendiscoveredthere,alongsideanimpressiveassemblyofstonetools.sand-stonesthemselveshavepreviouslyyieldedsomeoftheearliestcomplexhandaxes—tear-drop-shapedstonetoolsthatareassociatedHomoerectus(直立人).Creatingaxebyrepeatedlyknockingthinpiecesastoneordertocreatetwosharpcuttingedgesrequiresasignificantamountofplanning.Theirappearanceisthereforethoughttomarkanimportantmomentinintellectualevolution.insidetheOlduvaisand-stones,theresearchersfounddistinctivebutunusualbiologicalmolecules（分子）thatareofteninterpretedasbiomarkersforheat-tolerantbacteria.Someoftheseliveinwaterbetween85°Cand95°C.Themolecules’presencesuggeststhatanancientriverwithintheoncefedbyoneormorehotsprings.Summonsandhiscolleaguessaythehotspringswouldhaveprovidedaconvenient“pre-fire”meansofcookingfood.InNewZealand，theMaorihavetraditionallycookedfoodhotsprings,eitherbyloweringitintotheboilingwaterorbydiggingaholethehotearth.SimilarmethodsexistJapanandIceland,isplausible,ifdifficultprove,thatearlyhumansmighthaveusedhotspringstocookmeatandroots.Richardwhodevisedthecookingisfascinatedbytheidea.Nonetheless,firewouldhaveadistinctadvantagetohumans,oncetheyhadmasteredtheartofcontrollingitsince,unlikeahotspring,itisatransportableresource.36.ofthefollowingstatementscansupportthecookingtheoryEXCEPT__________.A.cookingenabledearlyhumanstoinvestlessindigestivesystemB.cookingenabledearlyhumanstodevotemoretobuildingbigbrainsC.ourbrainbecamearoundthetimeourdigestivesystemweakenedD.thecontrolledfiremastereduntilabout790,000yearsago37.Thepresenceofbiologicalmoleculeswasimportantbecause_________.A.theysuggestedapossiblemeansofcookingwithoutfireB.theycastlightonhowearlyHomoerectuslivedC.theyprovidedaconvenientofstudyingstonetoolsD.theymadestudiesofpre-historicculturespossible38.Theunderlinedword“plausible”probablymeans_________.A.noticeableC.reasonableB.applicableD.affordable39.WhatmaybetheconclusionofthestudybySummonsandhiscolleague?A.Earlyhumanswerecapableofmakingcomplexstonetools.B.Hotspringshelpexplainhowhumanbrainsgotsobig.C.Homoerectuswereadaptabletoughandcomplexterritories.D.Humanbrainsarehighlyadvancedasshownbytheirsize.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BenefitsofSportsDoingsportsisaphysical,mentalandsocialadventure.agreatwayforchildrentotakeabreakfromacademicsandreleaseextraItalsohelpsthemleadfullerandhappierlivesasregularsportshaveprovenimproveoverallwell-being.Thephysicalbenefitsofdoingsportsareprobablythemostobvious.Regardlessofyourfitnesslevelwhenyoustartplayingsports,you’llnoticeanincreaseyouroverallfitnessonceyou’reinvolved.___40___Basketballplayersfocusonstrengthtraining;footballplayersworkonspeedwhiletrackathletestrainthroughlongerruns.Thetrainingprocesshelpspromotephysicalfitnessandperformancesincompetitions.___41___Playingsportscontributestomentalhealth,helpingtoincreaseconfidenceandself-worth.Apatontheback,high-fivefromateammate,orhandshakeafteramatchreallyboostsaconfidence.ofpraiseandencouragementfromthecoach,parentsandotherplayersraisetheself-worth.___42___Soafteragame,abetterideatoask“Didyouenjoythegame?”ratherthan“Didyouwin?”Childrenwhoparticipateinsportsmightalsobenefitfromthesocialaspect,feelingpartofagroup,buildingupaccountabilityandleadership.___43___involvesbothbeingdependableasateammateandlearningtorelyonyourteammatesachieveapositiveoutcome.breedsaccountabilityandchallengesyoutoberesponsibleforyouractions.BeingpartofateamgivesyouanopportunitybeaDisciplineisanothersocialadvantage.Mostsportsrequireastricttrainingandpracticeschedule.Asastudent-athlete,youneedtobalanceacademicsandathletics.___44___Thereisnoshortageofreasonsfindasporttogetinvolvedin.Areyoureadygo?Pickoneandgetmoving!A.notjustyourbodythatbenefitsfromsports.B.Therefore,playingsportsisgoingtomakeyoumorefit.C.Ifyouplaygroupsports,you’llbepartofateamthattakesdirectionfromacoach.D.Butaself-worthshouldnotbedistinguishedbyvictoryorloss.E.Nearlyeverysportrequiresphysicalactivityandtheskillsneededtobecompetitive.Amongthese,learningtofunctionaspartofateamisthemostimportantadvantage.G.Onlywithstrictdisciplinecanyoubesuccessfulbothintheclassroomandinthesportsfield.第四部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第44、45題各2分，第46題3分，第47題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。Growingup,Iidealisedindependence.Ialwayswantedmyowntobeenough.WhenIdecidedtopursueapostgraduatedegree,Iwanteddevelopanovelresearchprogrammeandquicklyestablishmyselfasanindependentscientist.ButIwasunrealisticallyoptimisticaboutwhatIcouldachieve.AsIbegandesigningexperiments,mycommitteememberswarnedmeaboutthechallengesIwouldface.Butmyneedforindependencedrovemetopushforwardwithmyresearchplan.Asaresult,firstfouryearsofmypostgraduatecareerweredefinedbyaseriesoffailures.DuringsecondIfailedmycomprehensiveexambecausemyproposalwasDuringmythirdIdiscoveredthataftertreatingthousandsofseeds,IobtainedjustoneplantIcoulduseforexperiments.Bymyfourthmydesperationsucceedovershadowedmydesireforindependence.MyadviserandIdevised(想出)asomewhatunusualsolution:Iwouldspendthreemonthsinacollaborating(合作的)labobtainspecialisedtraining.Iworkedextensivelywithotherstudents,constantlyaskedquestions,andhelpedwithongoingprojectstolearneverythingIcould.Iconductedelegantexperimentthatwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthehelpofthemembersthelab.Myadvisersawthisexperienceasagroundbreakingsuccess,emphasisingthecollaboratingskillsIacquired.AfewmonthswhenIrepeatedtheexperimentinhomelab,Iproducedmorepublishabledata.Bylearningwhentoaskhelp,Ieventuallyfoundmyselfonthewaybecominganindependentscientist.45.Inthebeginning,whatdrovetheauthortopushforwardwithresearchplan?_______________________________________________________________________________________________46.Whatwasthesolutionbytheadviserandtheauthorafterthoserepeatedfailures?_______________________________________________________________________________________________47.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain>Theadviserconsideredexperienceinthelabagroundbreakingsuccessbecausepublishabledatahadbeenproduced._______________________________________________________________________________________________48.Fromthiswhatyoulearnabout“independence”?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（共1題，分）49.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華，你校即將舉辦一場(chǎng)以人工智能”為主題的專家講座。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)你的交換生朋友Jim一起參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.邀請(qǐng)?jiān)?2.講座內(nèi)容與安排。注意：1.1002.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案第一部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)（共3節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)單詞填空（共8小題，每小題1分，共8分）根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)漢語(yǔ)提示，用單詞正確形式填空。1.【答案】voluntary【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我知道我不是一個(gè)自愿的學(xué)生，但我學(xué)習(xí)新事物并不慢。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知用形容詞voluntary，修飾名詞student。故填voluntary。2.【答案】access【詳解】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)老師的好處是，當(dāng)孩子們開(kāi)放、渴望學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，你可以接觸到他們的思想。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用名詞access，構(gòu)成haveaccessto表示“接觸”。故填access。3.【答案】demanding【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她非常嚴(yán)格，要求很高，因?yàn)樗胱屛覀兂蔀楦玫膶W(xué)習(xí)者。我真希望她能少一點(diǎn)直接，多一點(diǎn)鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用形容詞demanding，作表語(yǔ)。故填demanding。4.【答案】improve【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在面對(duì)面的交流中，我的老師準(zhǔn)確地告訴我們我們的問(wèn)題在哪里以及我們?nèi)绾翁岣?。根?jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞improvecan后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填improve。5.【答案】distracted【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：表面上看，我的社交生活很活躍。我參加聚會(huì)和運(yùn)動(dòng)，但我總是分心。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用形容詞distracted，作表語(yǔ)。故填distracted。6.【答案】desperate【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我的朋友們?cè)噲D把我的手機(jī)拖走，但一旦我再次獨(dú)自一人，我就會(huì)不顧一切地回到網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界和它提供的激烈活動(dòng)中。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用形容詞desperate，作表語(yǔ)，故填desperate。7.【答案】responsible【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在最后一輪比賽中，作為裁判，你將負(fù)責(zé)聽(tīng)所有的演講，并記下每一場(chǎng)演講的積極或消極方面。設(shè)空處使用形容詞，作表語(yǔ)，表示“負(fù)責(zé)的”用responsibleresponsible。8.【答案】engagement【詳解】考查名詞。句意：評(píng)判選手的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括他們的發(fā)音、清晰度和流暢性，以及思想的進(jìn)展和觀眾的參與度。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用名詞engagement，作賓語(yǔ)，不可數(shù)。故填engagement。第二節(jié)完形填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，共分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑?！敬鸢浮?.B10.CA12.DA14.C15.D16.B17.A18.D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。Devin被Ms.Poltis選中參加獨(dú)唱，因?yàn)榕鲁缓枚o張，Devin想要拒絕；最后在Ms.Poltis的鼓勵(lì)下，Ms.Poltis自信地參加了獨(dú)唱?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)教練宣布冠軍賽將是周四晚上的比賽時(shí)，Devin的心情變得沉重。A.bled流血；B.sank(心情)變得沉重；C.hurt受傷；D.beat跳動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“Devinfrowned()”可知，當(dāng)教練宣布比賽時(shí)，Devin的心情變得沉重。故選?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Ms.Poltis選擇Devin來(lái)唱一段簡(jiǎn)短的獨(dú)唱。A.taughtB.allowed允許；C.chosen選擇；D.ordered命令。根據(jù)第二段“Ichoseyounotbecauseyou'rethebestsingerbutbecauseworkhard”可知，Ms.PoltisDevin來(lái)唱一段簡(jiǎn)短的獨(dú)唱。故選C?！绢}詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Devin認(rèn)為足球隊(duì)即將奪冠，他是他在得分方面領(lǐng)先聯(lián)盟的一個(gè)重要原因，他皺起了眉頭。A.led率領(lǐng)，處于領(lǐng)先地位；B.贏得；C.joined加入；D.formed形成。根據(jù)空前“Thinkingsoccerteamwasontheedgeofatitle”可知，因?yàn)閷⒁獖Z冠，由此可知，在得分上是領(lǐng)先的。故選A。【12題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他不能不參加比賽而使他的球隊(duì)失望。A.watchingB.playing玩耍；C.entering進(jìn)入；D.skipping跳過(guò)。根據(jù)前文“Hecouldn'tdisappointhisteam”可知，Devin不想不參加比賽，這樣會(huì)讓球隊(duì)失望。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，Devin躺在床上，盯著貨架上擺滿的比賽、棒球聯(lián)賽和罰球比賽的獎(jiǎng)杯。A.lined沿……排成行；B.piled堆放；C.covered覆蓋；D.decorated裝飾。由空前“trophies(獎(jiǎng)杯)fromraces,baseballleaguesandfree-throwcontests”可知，比賽中的獲得的獎(jiǎng)杯在架子上排成行。故選A。【14題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這首獨(dú)唱只有歌曲中間的四行，但一想到要獨(dú)自唱，他就不寒而栗。A.loudly大聲地；B.outside在外面；C.alone單獨(dú)；D.proudly驕傲地。根據(jù)前文thesolo可知，因?yàn)槭仟?dú)唱，所以此處指一個(gè)人唱歌。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：足球比賽是個(gè)完美的借口。A.platform站臺(tái)，講臺(tái)；B.request要求；C.condition條件；D.excuse借口。根據(jù)前文“He'dneversungasolobefore.”可知，因?yàn)镈evin不想唱歌，所以足球比賽是個(gè)完美的借口。故選D。【16題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：唱詩(shī)班的其他幾個(gè)成員的嗓音比他響亮，這已經(jīng)不是什么秘密了。A.louder更大聲的；B.stronger更響亮的；C.softer更柔軟的；D.deeper更深的。根據(jù)前文“Ichoseyounotbecauseyou'rethebestsingerbutbecauseyouworkhard”可知，唱詩(shī)班的其他幾個(gè)成員比他唱得好，由此可知，他們的嗓音也比Devin響亮。故選?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但他喜歡這首歌，他也感激Ms.Poltis一直以來(lái)的善良和鼓舞人心。A.appreciated感激；B.accepted接受；C.confirmed確認(rèn)；D.praised贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)后文“howkindandinspiringMs.Poltisalwayswas.”可知，DevinMs.Poltis一直以來(lái)的善良和鼓舞人心。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，Devin做出了選擇，自信地低聲唱著獨(dú)唱。A.tension緊張；B.patience耐心；C.sorrow悲傷；D.confidence自信。根據(jù)后文“nomatterhowhardthestruggle.Iwillneverletyoudown…”可知，Devin自信地歌唱。故選D。第三節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，共分）【答案】19.what20.potatoes21.However22.bekept【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹由于南方和北方氣候不同，人們購(gòu)買食品的數(shù)量也不同。【19題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：來(lái)自中國(guó)南方的人們通常一次只買一到兩頓飯所需的東西。本句為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，指物，所以用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what?！?0題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他們通常一次只買半個(gè)白菜、兩個(gè)土豆和25克牛肉。名詞potato為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前數(shù)詞two可知，用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填potatoes?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：然而，如果一個(gè)人這樣做在北方可能會(huì)被嘲笑。前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用副詞howeverHowever?！?2題詳解】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：食物在北方可以保存很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，因?yàn)槟抢锿ǔＳ掷溆指?。主語(yǔ)Food與keep之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填bekept。【答案】23.that##which24.tojoin25.lit26.in【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。因?yàn)槔蠋熦惱蛉说墓膭?lì)和激勵(lì)，“我”產(chǎn)生了對(duì)文學(xué)的熱情，并成為了一名成功的記者。【23題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在我從學(xué)校到工作的求學(xué)之旅中，貝利夫人發(fā)揮了重要作用。在定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞為journey，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或thatthat/which?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：她勸我加入詩(shī)社，在我心中燃起了文學(xué)的火焰。persuadesbdo意為“勸說(shuō)某人做某事”，為固定搭配，所以應(yīng)用do不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填tojoin?！?5題詳解】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：她勸我加入詩(shī)社，在我心中燃起了文學(xué)的火焰。根據(jù)“Shepersuadedme”可知，此處描述過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填lit。【26題詳解】考查介詞。句意：因?yàn)樗ぐl(fā)了我的信心，我成為了一個(gè)成功的記者。inspiresthsb意為“喚醒某人的……”，為固定搭配，所以此處應(yīng)用介詞in。故填in?！敬鸢浮?7.born28.risinghigher【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。近年來(lái)新興直播行業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，成為95后就業(yè)的理想來(lái)源。【27題詳解】考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：專家表示，發(fā)展中的直播行業(yè)的穩(wěn)定性使其成為95后就業(yè)的理想來(lái)源，這些人對(duì)新奇和新興行業(yè)充滿熱情。動(dòng)詞bear意為“生育”，和謂語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，和邏輯主語(yǔ)those構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填born。【28題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：在線招聘平臺(tái)智聯(lián)招聘和電商巨頭阿里巴巴最近發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，今年第三季度直播行業(yè)增長(zhǎng)穩(wěn)定，招聘崗位同比增長(zhǎng)近12%。在with獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)詞rise意為“上升”，和邏輯主語(yǔ)jobpostings構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填rising?！?9題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：這一增幅比其他行業(yè)平均高出約5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“thanforotherindustries”可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填higher。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)（共10小題：每小題2分，共20分）【答案】30.D31.C32.D【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是對(duì)2018年年度野生動(dòng)物攝影師斯凱·米克爾的采訪?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ForSkye,photographyisnotjustaboutthecompetitionsenteredandwonbutalsotheplatformithimtocreateawarenessaboutournaturalworldandconservingitinthelongterm.(對(duì)斯凱來(lái)說(shuō)，攝影不僅僅是參加和贏得的比賽，而且是一個(gè)平臺(tái)，它提供給他創(chuàng)造對(duì)自然世界的認(rèn)識(shí)，并長(zhǎng)期保護(hù)它)”可知，斯凱認(rèn)為攝影一個(gè)提高保護(hù)意識(shí)的地方。故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章斯凱對(duì)主持人的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答“I'vebeenfortunateenoughthatparentsaresopassionateaboutthebushthatit'sjustaby-productofgoingonadventureswiththemthatI'vebeenabletopursuemyphotographybecauseit'snotsomethingthateverykidwilllike.IwantwildlifeSoit'squiteauniquesituationforme.It'ssomethingthatIhavebeenbroughtupandsomethingI'vebeenfortunatetoexperience.(我很幸運(yùn)，我的父母對(duì)叢林充滿熱情，這只是我和他們一起探險(xiǎn)的一個(gè)副產(chǎn)品，我能夠繼續(xù)我的攝影事業(yè)，因?yàn)檫@并不是每個(gè)孩子都會(huì)喜歡的事情。我想要野生動(dòng)物攝影。所以這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)非常獨(dú)特的情況。這是我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中很幸運(yùn)的經(jīng)歷)”可知，和父母一起冒險(xiǎn)使斯凱能夠觀察野生動(dòng)物。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章斯凱對(duì)主持人的第二個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答“Forme,theperfectshotisonewhereIfeelasifI'mnotreallythere.It'sonewheretheanimaliscomfortableenoughtobehaveasifI'mnotthere.Ilikefeelimmersedinthemomentcapturenatureatitsmostnatural.IliketofocusonwhatIwouldliketoseethemomentandwhatIfeel.inwinningpictureIthepeacetranquillityofthemoment,andthat'swhatItriedtocapture.(對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，最完美的鏡頭就是我感覺(jué)自己好像不在那里。這是一種動(dòng)物很舒服，表現(xiàn)得好像我不存在一樣。我喜歡沉浸在當(dāng)下，捕捉大自然最自然的一面。我喜歡專注于當(dāng)下我想看到的和我的感覺(jué)。所以，在我的獲獎(jiǎng)作品中，我看到了那一刻的平靜與安寧，而這正是我想要捕捉的)”可知，斯凱成功的真正原因是他給動(dòng)物拍了一張自然狀態(tài)的照片。故選D?！敬鸢浮?3.C34.C35.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了艾薩克·阿西莫夫成為一名著名的科幻作家成功的原因?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“IfthereisonethingwecanconclusivelyaboutIsaacthathecouldwrite.Hisbodyofextendstoover500books.tothat,hewasneverboundtoaspecificfield.Althoughmostfamousasasciencefictionhealsopublishedonmanymoretopics.(關(guān)于艾薩克·阿西莫夫，如果有一件事我們可以肯定地說(shuō)，那就是他會(huì)寫(xiě)作。他的著作超過(guò)500本。更重要的是，他從來(lái)沒(méi)有被限制在一個(gè)特定的領(lǐng)域。雖然他最著名的是科幻作家，但他也發(fā)表了許多其他主題的作品)”可知，艾薩克·阿西莫夫是一位多產(chǎn)的科幻作家。故選?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThemarkofeducatedmindshasnothingtodowithhowtheyIthaseverythingdowiththewaytheyknowandthetheyaboutknowing.(受過(guò)教育的人的標(biāo)志與他們知道多少無(wú)關(guān)。這與他們知道的方式和他們了解的方式有關(guān))”可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)方法比知識(shí)本身更重要。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Partofthisrelatedgiftedmind,butabiggerpartwasthathewaswell-educated.(這部分與他的天賦有關(guān)，但更重要的是他受過(guò)良好的教育)”講述的是艾薩克·阿西莫夫成功的原因之一；根據(jù)第三段“valuedlearningandyoutaughtmevalueit.OnceIlearnedtovalueit,therestcamewithouttrouble.(你重視學(xué)習(xí)，你也教會(huì)了我重視學(xué)習(xí)。一旦我學(xué)會(huì)珍惜它，剩下的一切就迎刃而解了)”是他成功的第二個(gè)原因。結(jié)合最后一段“ItwashisloveofGreekmythandhisreadingof18thand19th-centuryclassicsthatledtobecomeagreat正是他對(duì)希臘神話的熱愛(ài)，以及他對(duì)1819世紀(jì)經(jīng)典著作的閱讀，使他成為了一位偉大的作家)”是艾薩克·阿西莫夫成功的另外一個(gè)原因。故可推知本文的目的是分析艾薩克·阿西莫夫成為一名科幻作家成功的原因。故選A?！敬鸢浮?6.D37.A38.C39.B【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了烹飪有助于早期類祖先進(jìn)化出了巨大的大腦。【36題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theypointoutthatourbiteweakenedaroundthesametimeasourbrainsevolved,andthatittakeslessabsorbnutrientsfromcookedfood.Asaresult,oncetheyhadmasteredtheart,earlychefscouldinvestlesstheirdigestivesystemsandthusinvesttheresultingsavingsbuildinglargerbrainscapableofcomplexthought.Thereis,aproblemwiththecookingMostarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家）believetheevidenceofcontrolledfirestretchesbacknomorethan790,000years”可知，他們（研究人員）指出，我們的咬合能力在大腦進(jìn)化的同時(shí)減弱，從熟食中吸收營(yíng)養(yǎng)所需的能量更少。因此，一旦掌握了這門藝術(shù)，早期的廚師就可以減少對(duì)消化系統(tǒng)的投資，從而將由此節(jié)省的能源投資于培養(yǎng)能夠進(jìn)行復(fù)雜思考的更大大腦，然而，烹飪理論有一個(gè)問(wèn)題，大多數(shù)考古學(xué)家認(rèn)為，控制火的證據(jù)可以追溯到不超過(guò)79萬(wàn)年前，由此可知，A、B、C三項(xiàng)可以支持烹飪理論，而D則不能，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“theresearchersfounddistinctivebutunusualbiologicalmolecules（分子）thatareofteninterpretedasbiomarkersforheat-tolerantbacteria.Someoftheseliveinwaterbetween85°Cand°C.Themolecules’presencesuggeststhatanancientriverwithinthewasoncebyoneormorehotsprings.”可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了獨(dú)特的生物分子，通常被解釋為耐熱細(xì)菌的生物標(biāo)志物，其中一些生活在85°C到95°C之間的水中，這些分子的存在表明，峽谷內(nèi)的一條古老河流曾經(jīng)由一個(gè)或多個(gè)溫泉提供水源，再結(jié)合第三段中的“Summonsandhiscolleaguesthehotspringswouldhaveprovidedaconvenient“pre-fire”meansofcookingfood.”可知，薩曼斯博士和他的同事們說(shuō)，溫泉可以提供一種方便的在使用火前烹飪食物的方法，由此可知，生物分子的存在很重要是因?yàn)樗鼈冿@示了不用火做飯的可能方法，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前的“InNewZealandtheMaorihavetraditionallycookedfoodhotsprings,eitherbyloweringitintotheboilingwaterorbydiggingaholethehotearth.SimilarmethodsexistinJapanandIceland”可知，在新西蘭，毛利人有在溫泉里煮食物的傳統(tǒng)，他們要么把食物放入滾燙的水中，要么在滾燙的泥土上挖一個(gè)洞，類似的方法在日本和冰島也存在，所以早期人類可能用溫泉煮肉和樹(shù)根是合理的，由此可知畫(huà)線詞詞義為“合理的”，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Howandroughly2millionyearsago,earlyhumanancestorsevolvedbrainsandbeganfashioningrelativelyadvancedstonetools,isofthegreatmysteriesofevolution.Someresearchersthesechangeswerebroughtaboutbytheinventionofcooking.”可知，大約200萬(wàn)年前，人早期類祖先是如何和為何進(jìn)化出了巨大的大腦，并開(kāi)始形成相對(duì)先進(jìn)的石器，這是進(jìn)化的一大謎團(tuán)，一些研究人員認(rèn)為，這些變化是烹飪的發(fā)明帶來(lái)的，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Summonsandhiscolleaguessaythehotspringswouldhaveprovidedaconvenient“pre-fire”meansofcookingfood.”可知，薩曼斯博士和他的同事們說(shuō)，溫泉可以提供一種方便的在使用火之前烹飪食物的方法，也就是說(shuō)溫泉是早期人類烹飪方法之一，由此可知，薩曼斯博士和他的同事們會(huì)得出這樣的結(jié)論，即：溫泉有助于解釋人類的大腦是如何變得如此之大的，故B項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇第3題詞義猜測(cè)題的難度較大，抓住畫(huà)線詞前所舉的事例是關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前的“InZealandtheMaorihavetraditionallycookedfoodinhotsprings,eitherbyloweringitintotheboilingwaterorbydiggingaholeinthehotearth.SimilarmethodsexistinJapanandIceland”可知，在新西蘭，毛利人有在溫泉里煮食物的傳統(tǒng)，他們要么把食物放入滾燙的水中，要么在滾燙的泥土上挖一個(gè)洞