2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit2WildlifeprotectionSectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修第二冊

PAGEUNIT2WILDLIFEPROTECTION藏羚羊TheQinghai-TibetRailway,stretchingintheQinghai-TibetPlateau(青藏高原),isthelongestrailroadintheworldatthehighestaltitude.StartingfromXininginQinghaiandendinginLhasainTibet，thisrailwayrunsfor1,956km.TheQinghai-TibetPlateauisoneofthreeareasinChinawiththemostfragileecologicalenvironment.Withanaverageelevationofover4,600meters,itishometoTibetanantelopes(藏羚羊),yaks,white-lippeddeer,snowleopardsandblack-neckedcranes,allofwhichareunderfirst-levelstateprotection.Basedonclosestudiesoftheanimals'regularhabitatsandpatternsofprocreation(繁殖)andmigration,33passageshavebeenopenedfortheseasonalmigrationsoftheanimals.TheTibetanantelopeislistedintheIUCN(國際自然與自然資源愛護聯(lián)合會)RedListasathreatenedspecies.HohXilNatureReserveisoneofthenaturereserveswhichweresetupbythecentralgovernmenttoprotecttheseantelopes.Eachyear,TibetanantelopesmigratetothenorthernareawithacoolerclimateandrichwaterandgrassresourcestolambinJune－JulyandreturnwiththeiroffspringinAugust.TheQinghai-TibetRailwayliesrightintheirpath.InJune,2002,inordertoletsome30,000futuremotherantelopespasstheconstructionsitewithoutdisturbance,theworkersshutdowntheirmachinesandpulleddowntheirsignboardsandsignflags.Theystoppedworkingforfourdaystomakewayforthem.InAugust,whentheseTibetanantelopesreturnedwiththeirchildren,theystoppedworkingonceagain.Moreover,thebuildersdidtheirbesttoreducenoiseinareasclosetonaturereserves.Sofar,thenumberofTibetanantelopesinChinahasclimbedtoover80,000.開啟歡樂學(xué)習(xí)之旅藏羚羊：體長135厘米，肩高80厘米，體重45～60千克，雌性略小。頭形寬長，吻部粗大，鼻部寬敞略隆起。雄性具黑色長角。藏羚羊棲息于海拔3700～5500米的高山草原、草甸和高寒荒漠地帶，早晚覓食，善奔跑?？山Y(jié)成上萬只的大群。夏季雌性沿固定路途向北遷徙。由于常年處于低于零度的環(huán)境，通體被厚密絨毛，為中國一級愛護動物，已成立羌塘、可可西里、三江源等自然愛護區(qū)。藏羚羊主要分布于中國以羌塘為中心的青藏高原地區(qū)(青海、西藏、新疆)，少量見于印度拉達克地區(qū)。2008年北京奧運會祥瑞物中的福娃迎迎便是以藏羚羊為藍本，以贊揚其能在嚴酷環(huán)境生存的堅韌生命力，表示挑戰(zhàn)極限的精神，更以“羊”字諧音意喻“喜氣洋洋”。模塊核心素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinkingⅠ.重點單詞1．postern．海報2．illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地3．huntvt.&vi.打獵；搜尋；追捕→huntern4．immediatelyadv.馬上→immediateadj.馬上的；即刻的→immediatelyconj.一……就……5．speciesn．物種6．sharkn．鯊魚7．a(chǎn)larmingadj.驚人的；使人驚恐的→alarmvt.使驚恐；使膽怯 ；使擔憂n．恐慌；警報；警報器8．raten．速度；(比)率vt.劃分等級→ratingn．等級；級別9．extinctadj.已滅亡的→extinctionn．滅亡10．massadj.大量的；廣泛的n．大量；堆；群11．habitatn．(動植物的)生活環(huán)境；棲息地→habitationn．居?。蛔√?；居處；聚居地12．a(chǎn)wareadj.知道；發(fā)覺；有……意識的→awarenessn．意識；相識；感悟?qū)嵙?3．a(chǎn)veragen．平均數(shù)；平均水平adj.平均的；正常的；一般的14．concernvt.涉及；讓……擔憂→concernedadj.擔憂的；關(guān)切的→concerningprep.關(guān)于；就……而言15．livingadj.居住的；活的；在用的n．生活；生計→livev．住；居住；生存；活著adj.活的；現(xiàn)場直播的；實況轉(zhuǎn)播的；現(xiàn)場演出的→aliveadj.活著的；在世的；16．a(chǎn)daptvi.適應(yīng)vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合→adaptableadj.能適應(yīng)的；可修改的→adaptationn．適應(yīng)；改編；改寫本17．measuren．措施；方法vt.測量；度量；估量→measurementn．測量；度量；(某物的)尺寸，長度，數(shù)量18．a(chǎn)uthorityn．官方；當權(quán)；權(quán)威19．pressuren．壓力；要求→pressvi.&vt.按；壓；逼迫n．按；壓；印刷；新聞20．whalen．鯨21．reserven．(動植物)愛護區(qū)；貯存(量)vt.預(yù)訂；預(yù)留；保留22．plainn．平原adj.簡潔明白的；直率的；平凡的→plainlyadv.清晰地；明顯地；簡樸地23．observen．視察(到)；凝視；遵守→observern．視察者→observationn．視察；監(jiān)視→observatoryn．視察臺24．beautyn．美；美人；美妙的東西→beautifuladj.美麗的；美麗的→beautifullyadv.美麗地；美麗地25．remindvt.提示；使想起→remindern．引起回憶的事物；提示人的事物；26．shootvt.&vi.射殺；射傷；放射→shotn．射擊；槍聲→shootingn27．profitn．利潤；利益28．a(chǎn)ttackn．，vi.&vt.攻擊；抨擊29．effectiveadj.有效的；生效的→effectn．效應(yīng)；影響；結(jié)果30．recovervi.復(fù)原；康復(fù)vt.找回；尋回→recoveryn．復(fù)原，復(fù)原；復(fù)得31．removevt.去除；移開；脫去→removaln．移植；解除；搬遷；撤職32．intendvi.&vt.準備；安排；想要→intentionn．準備；目的；意圖→intentionaladj.有意的33．threatn．威逼→threatenvt.威逼；危及34．existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在→existingadj.現(xiàn)存的；存在的35．harmonyn．和諧；融洽→harmoniousadj.融洽的；和諧的36．goodsn．商品；貨物37．creaturen．生物；動物Ⅱ.重點短語1．onearth(放在疑問詞之后表示強調(diào))原委；究竟2．dieout滅亡；漸漸消逝3．a(chǎn)wareof意識到；知道4．makeprogress取得進步5．onaverage平均6．beconcernedabout對……關(guān)切的；為……擔憂的7．a(chǎn)daptto適應(yīng)8．underpressure在壓力下；承受壓力9．makeout看清；聽清；分清10．remindsb.ofsb./sth.使某人想起(類似的人或物)11．watchover愛護；照管；監(jiān)督12．dayandnight日日夜夜；夜以繼日13．indangerof處于……危急中14．takemeasurestodosth.實行措施做某事15．infrontof在……的前面16．trytodosth.設(shè)法做某事17．morethan超過；多于18．inharmonywith與……協(xié)調(diào)/和諧19．a(chǎn)slongas只要Ⅲ.重點句型1．Toourleft，snow-coveredmountainsdisappearintocloudsthatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch.在我們的左邊，白雪覆蓋的群山消逝在好像近在咫尺、觸手可及的云層中。2．This_iswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.這就是我們來這里的緣由——視察藏羚羊。3．Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass，I'mstruckbytheirbeauty.看著它們漸漸地穿過綠色的草地，我被它們的美麗所打動。4．“We'renottryingtosavetheanimals，”hesays.“Actually，we'retryingtosaveourselves.”“我們不是在試圖挽救動物，”他說?！笆聦嵣?，我們是在挽救自己?！?．Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailwayswerebuilt.隨著新的馬路和鐵路的修建，它們的棲息地變得越來越小。6．Zhaxiandothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnighttokeepthemsafefromattacks.扎西和其他志愿者日夜守護著這些羚羊，以確保它們不被獵食。7．Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并沒有準備停止這些愛護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威逼依舊存在。8．Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有學(xué)會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威逼。1huntvt.&vi.打獵；搜尋；追捕[典型例句]Theseanimalsarenotforhunting;theyareprotected.這些動物不是用來獵殺的，它們是受到愛護的。I'vehuntedeverywherebutIcan'tfindit.我到處都找了，就是找不到。[思維拓展]huntfor搜尋；搜捕huntdown追捕；捉住huntern．獵人[即學(xué)即練]Detectives(偵探)havebeenhunting(hunt)himforsevenmonths.2eq\a\vs4\al(alarmvt.使驚恐；使膽怯 ；使擔憂n.恐慌；警報；警報器)[典型例句]Idon'twanttoalarmyou,butthere'sastrangeman.我不想嚇著你，不過有個生人。Environmentalistsarealarmedbythedramaticincreaseinpollution.污染的急劇加重令環(huán)保主義者膽怯 。Hejumpedupinalarm.他驚恐地跳了起來。Hedecidedtosoundthealarm.他確定發(fā)出警報。[思維拓展]eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(bealarmedby/atsth.因……而驚恐/膽怯 ,alarmsb.todo...驚得某人做……))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(inalarm驚恐地常作方式狀語,raise/soundthealarm發(fā)出警報))[巧學(xué)妙記]Shewasalarmedatthesuddenalarm.突如其來的警報讓她膽怯 。[即學(xué)即練]Theguardsounded(sound)thealarmassoonasheheardthesteps.3eq\a\vs4\al(raten.速度；比率vt.劃分等級)[典型例句]Thedeathrateofbabiesisfalling.嬰兒的死亡率正在下降。Thecarisrunningatasteadyrate.汽車正在以穩(wěn)定的速度行駛。Theschoolswereratedaccordingtotheirexamresults.這些學(xué)校是按考試成果排名次的。[思維拓展]ratingn．等級；級別atarateof...以……的速度atanyrate無論如何；不管怎樣atthisrate照這樣發(fā)展下去[即學(xué)即練]Thewildanimalsaredyingoutatafastrate.4eq\a\vs4\al(awareadj.知道；發(fā)覺；有……意識的)[典型例句]Thechildrenwereawareoftheharmoftakingdrugs.孩子們意識到了吸毒的危害。Mostpeopleareawareofthedangersofdrunkdriving.大多數(shù)人知道酒后開車的危急。[思維拓展]be/becomeawareof對……知道、明白；意識到beawarethat/wh-clause察覺到；意識到asfarasI'maware據(jù)我所知makesb.awarethat...提示某人留意……makesb.awareof...使某人留意到……awarenessn．意識，明白developanawarenessof漸漸懂得lackofawareness缺乏相識[即學(xué)即練]Manypeoplelacktheawareness(aware)ofwildlifeprotection,resultinginhuntingtheanimalsillegally.5averagen.平均數(shù)；平均水平adj.平均的；正常的；一般的[典型例句]Hisaverageincomeistenpoundsaweek.他的平均收入為一星期十英鎊。Perhapsyouareastudentofaverageintelligence.你可能是一個智力一般的學(xué)生。[思維拓展]anaverageof平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)withthe/anaverageof平均為on(the/an)average平均地；在一般狀況下above/below(the)average高于/低于平均數(shù)/水平uptotheaverage達到平均水平[易混辨析]average/common/ordinary/general/normal與usualaverage強調(diào)“平均的”。common強調(diào)“常見的，一般的”。ordinary強調(diào)“平常的，平淡無奇的”。general意為“普遍的，一般的”。normal形容人或者物符合常態(tài)或者常規(guī)，意為“正常的”。usual用來指事物，意為“通常的，慣常的”，含有“隨風(fēng)俗或者習(xí)慣而經(jīng)常發(fā)生”之意，反義詞為unusual。Coldsarecommoninwinter.感冒在冬天很常見。Hisordinarysupperconsistsofonlybreadandmilk.他平常的晚餐不過是面包和牛奶。Thisbookisintendedforthegeneralreader，notforthespecialist.這本書是為一般讀者寫的，不是為專家寫的。Hertemperatureisnormal.她的體溫正常。Hecamehomelaterthanusual.他回家比平常晚了些。[即學(xué)即練]Thetemperaturehereinsummeristwentycentigradeonaverage.6eq\a\vs4\al(concernvt.涉及；讓……擔憂)[典型例句]Sheconcernsherselfaboutherson'sfuture.(＝Sheisconcernedaboutherson'sfuture.)她為兒子的將來擔憂。[思維拓展]concernoneselfwith/about關(guān)切；擔憂beconcernedabout/for關(guān)切；擔憂beconcernedwith與……有關(guān)asfarasI'mconcerned就我而言showconcernforsb.關(guān)切某人concernn．關(guān)切；擔憂；與……相關(guān)show/expressone'sconcernabout/for對……表示關(guān)切/擔憂concerningprep.關(guān)于；就……而言Thereisgrowingconcernaboutviolenceontelevision.人們對電視上的暴力內(nèi)容日漸憂慮。Theconcernedparentsarefullofconcernaboutthematterwhichmayconcerntheirchild.憂心忡忡的家長特別擔憂那件事情可能會涉及他們的孩子。[方法點撥]concerning介詞，“有關(guān)；關(guān)于”；concerned意為“有關(guān)的，相關(guān)的”，常作后置定語。[即學(xué)即練]I'mconcerned(concern)aboutmymother'shealth.7eq\a\vs4\al(adaptvi.適應(yīng)vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合)[典型例句]Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.她很快適應(yīng)了這種新氣候。It'shardtoadaptthisnovelforthefilm.要將這小說改編為電影很困難。[思維拓展]adaptfor使適合于；為……改編/改寫adaptfrom依據(jù)……改寫/改編adaptoneselfto使適應(yīng)或習(xí)慣于……adaptsth.to使某事物適應(yīng)或適合……adaptableadj.能適應(yīng)的；可修改的adaptationn．改編；改造；改寫adaptto適應(yīng)[方法點撥]adapt和adopt詞形相近，但adopt意為“收養(yǎng)，接受”，留意拼法不同。[即學(xué)即練]Adapted(adapt)fromJ．K.Rowling'sbookseriesofthesametitle,the“HarryPotter”moviesareuniversallyacknowledgedasclassics.8eq\a\vs4\al(measuren.措施；方法vt.測量；度量；估量)[典型例句]Hemeasuredthelengthoftheroom.他量了房間的長度。Theropemeasures10metreslong.這根繩子有10米長。Weshouldtakesomemeasurestohelpthepoor.我們應(yīng)當實行一些措施來幫助窮人。[思維拓展]bemeasuredby/in用……來衡量make...toone'smeasure按某人的尺寸做……takemeasures(todosth.)實行措施(做某事)[即學(xué)即練]Thegovernmenthastakenmeasures(measure)tobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.9eq\a\vs4\al(reserven.動植物愛護區(qū)；貯存量vt.預(yù)訂；預(yù)留；保留)[典型例句]Therearealotofnaturereservesinthisvastarea.在這一廣袤的地區(qū)有很多自然愛護區(qū)。Thecity'sreserveofwaterislow.該市的貯水量不大。I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.我想預(yù)訂八點鐘供三人用餐的桌位。Hestillreservedhisopinionsonsomepoints.在一些問題上，他仍舊保留自己的看法。Theseseatsarereservedforspecialguests.這些座位是留給貴賓的。[思維拓展]reservesth.forsb.為某人預(yù)訂某物reserveone'sopinion/judgement保留自己的看法[即學(xué)即練]Adoubleroomwithabalconyoverlookingtheseahadbeenreserved(reserve)forhim.10eq\a\vs4\al(observevt.視察到；凝視；遵守)[典型例句]IfelthewasobservingeverythingIdid.我覺得他正視察我做的每一件事。Thepoliceobservedthatthedriverdidnotobservethetrafficrules.警察留意到那個司機沒有遵守交通規(guī)則。[思維拓展]observesb.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosth.,doingsth.))視察到某人eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(做了某事,正在做某事))observationn．[C，U]視察；觀測observancen．[U](對法律、習(xí)俗的)遵守observern．[C]視察者；觀測者[易混辨析]observe,watch,notice,see與lookobserve強調(diào)“留心視察”。watch表示“觀看，觀賞”或“監(jiān)視”，一般被看的對象應(yīng)處于運動狀態(tài)。notice表示“偶然看到”，其內(nèi)涵是“看到對象后要做出反應(yīng)”。如：看到熟人經(jīng)常打個招呼，看到一件事后在腦中進行推斷。see表示“看到，望見；發(fā)覺，發(fā)覺”，側(cè)重于結(jié)果，它不用于祈使句。look主要表示“看”的動作，不表示結(jié)果。[即學(xué)即練]Weobservedhimhanging(hang)aroundourhouse.11eq\a\vs4\al(remindvt.提示；使想起)[典型例句]Thatsongalwaysremindsmeofourfirstdate.那首歌總使我回憶起我們的第一次約會。Whatyou'vejustsaidremindsmethatImustgetsomecash.你剛才的話提示了我，我得帶上一些現(xiàn)金。Thisstoryremindsmeofmychildhood.這個故事讓我想起了我的童年。IremindedGeraldofhispromise.我提示吉羅德他曾許下的諾言。Pleaseremindmetowritetomymothertomorrow.請?zhí)崾疚颐魈旖o我母親寫信。[思維拓展]remindsb.of...使某人想起……remindsb.todo...提示某人做……remindsb.that/wh-從句提示某人……[即學(xué)即練](1)IlovethispartbecauseitremindsmeofwhyIfellinlovewithPiratesoftheCaribbeaninthefirstplace.(2)Passengersare_reminded(remind)thatnosmokingisallowedonthistrain.12shootvt.&vi.射殺；射傷；放射[典型例句]Threerobberswereshotdead.三個搶劫者被射死了。Themurdererwasshotinthebackwhiletryingtoescape.兇手試圖逃跑時背部中槍。[思維拓展]shotn．射擊；槍炮聲Someonetookashotatthewolf.有人朝那匹狼開了槍。Weheardsomeshotsinthedistance.我們聽見遠處有幾聲槍響。[巧學(xué)妙記]shoot/shootatThefoxranawaybeforethehuntershotit.獵人沒有射中那只狐貍，它跑了。Thenewsoldiershotatthetarget，butmisseditagain.新兵瞄準靶子射擊，但又沒有射中。[即學(xué)即練]Fiveyoungmenwerearrestedyesterdaybecausetheyhadshot(shoot)sevenendangeredanimals.13eq\a\vs4\al(attackn.，vi.&vt.攻擊；抨擊)[典型例句]Atdawnthearmyattackedthetown.軍隊在拂曉時向這座城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)動了進攻。Thegovernmentwasattackedbythepress.政府受到新聞界的抨擊。[思維拓展]attacksb.withsth.用某物攻擊/攻擊某人attacksb.for(doing)sth.因某事打擊/責難某人underattack遭遇攻擊beattackedwithadisease患病makeanattackon/upon...對……發(fā)動進攻heartattackn．心臟病發(fā)作[即學(xué)即練](1)Thekillerinsistedthatshewasdefendingherselfwhenattacked(attack)．(2)Theenemymadeanattackonthesmalltownlastnight.14eq\a\vs4\al(recovervi.復(fù)原；康復(fù)vt.找回；尋回)[典型例句]Shehasrecoveredfromtheoperation.她動了手術(shù)，且已經(jīng)復(fù)原了。Wehaven'tyetrecoveredfromtheshock.我們還未從那次打擊中復(fù)原過來。Theteamrecovereditsleadinthesecondhalf.下半場這支球隊再度領(lǐng)先。Sheatoncerecoveredherselfandstoppedcrying.她馬上冷靜下來，并停止了哭泣。Ittookherafewminutestorecoverconsciousness.過了幾分鐘她才復(fù)原知覺。Thepolicerecoveredthestolenjewellery.警察找回了被盜的珠寶。[思維拓展]recoverfrom從……中復(fù)原過來recoveroneself靜下心來recoverone'seyesight復(fù)原視力recoverconsciousness/strength復(fù)原意識/體力recoversth.(from...)(從……)找回某物recoveryn.復(fù)原；痊愈；回升；取回recoverableadj.可復(fù)原的，可痊愈的；可取回的[即學(xué)即練](1)LiuXiangisstillrecovering_fromhisoperation.手術(shù)后，劉翔仍在復(fù)原之中。(2)Heseemedupsetbutquicklyrecovered_himself.他顯得不安，但很快靜下心來。(3)Hehasmadeaslowrecovery_fromthestrain.他漸漸從驚慌中復(fù)原過來。15eq\a\vs4\al(removevt.去除；移開；脫去)[典型例句]Thebooksmaynotberemovedfromthelibrary.這些書不能帶出圖書館。[思維拓展]removesth.fromsth.從……搬走/除去某物Heremovedthemudfromhisshoes.他弄掉了鞋上的泥。removefrom...to...從……搬到……removesb.fromschool開除某人，勒令某人退學(xué)removaln．移植；解除；搬遷；撤職[即學(xué)即練]Whenfatandsaltare_removed(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.16eq\a\vs4\al(intendvi.&vt.準備；安排；想要)[典型例句]Weintendednoharm.我們并無惡意。Iintendtocome/comingbacksoon.我準備很快就回來。[思維拓展]intend＋n.準備……，想要……intendtodo/doingsth.準備/安排做某事intend＋that從句準備/安排intendsb.todosth.準備讓某人做某事intendsb.for...要使某人成為……intendedadj.有意的；有安排的intendedtarget/destination預(yù)期的目標/目的地beintendedfor為……而設(shè)計/準備的Itisintendedthat...按安排……intentionn．準備havenointentionfordoingsth.沒準備做……withtheintentionofdoingsth.準備做……[巧學(xué)妙記]表示“準備做某事”的表達還有：①begoingtodosth.②beabouttodosth.③plantodosth.④meantodosth.⑤aimtodosth.[即學(xué)即練](1)Thecourseisintendedforstudentswhowishtoimprovetheirorganizationalskills.(2)Myearlyintention(intend)ofgardeningmayhaveoriginatedfrommylovefornature.17eq\a\vs4\al(existvi.存在；生存)[典型例句]Nothingexistsonthatplanetasthereisnowaterandnoair.那個星球上沒有東西生存，因為那里沒有水和空氣。Theoldmanfounditdifficulttoexistonthelittlemoney.那位老人發(fā)覺單靠這點錢難以維生。[思維拓展]existin存在于……之中existon＝liveon靠……生存；靠……生活Thereexist(s)...有/存在……existencen．存在；生存；生活inexistence現(xiàn)存的；存在的comeintoexistence/being產(chǎn)生；存在existingadj.現(xiàn)存的；存在的[巧學(xué)妙記]ex(＝out,向外)＋ist(＝stand,承受)→在外經(jīng)風(fēng)雨承受苦難→生存；存在[即學(xué)即練](1)Thereexists(exist)anoldhospitalatthecorner.(2)Nooneknowswhensuchacustomfirstcameintoexistence(exist)．考點集訓(xùn)一單句語法填空1．Whalesarestillbeinghunted(hunt)andkilledintheArctic.2．Localbusinessesareclosingatarateofthreeayear.3．IwouldliketospeakforpandassothatIcanlearnmoreabouthowtoprotectthemandraisepeople'sawareness(aware)ofanimalprotection.4．Hewasahard-workingstudentandscoredaboveaverageinmostsubjects.5．Onaverage,wehelpatleastsixpersonsortwofamiliesperweek.6．Peopleareveryconcernedabouttheproblemsconcerning(concern)theenvironment.7．AsfarasI'mconcerned(concern),themoreyoupractisepaper-cutting,thebetteratityouwillbecome.8．Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtoliving(live)inthesun'slight.9．Mike，MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.10．Somemeasuresneedtobetakento_protect(protect)childrenfrombeinginfluencedbythesebadplaces.11．Herlanguage，asIhearit，isvivid,direct,andfullofobservation(observe)andwisdom.12．Anoticewasputupinordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.13．AsanOlympicsport，shooting(shoot)hasbeendevelopingsteadilywithonlythreeeventsin1896but17eventsatthemoment.14．Newspapersattackedthegovernmentforfailingtocuttaxes.15．Thedoctorcarriedoutaseriesoftreatmentsonher,andtoldherthatthekeytorecovering(recover)rapidlywastohavearelaxedmind.16．Removals(remove)areunpleasant,butitwillbenicewhenwegetintothenewhouse.17．Lastweek,IattendedanEnglishspeechcontestintended(intend)forhighschoolstudentsallovertheprovinceandwonfirstprize.18．Thereexistedanobviousconflictbetweentheaccountsofthewitnesses,soajudgmentwasnotannouncedincourt.1eq\a\vs4\al(onearth放在疑問詞之后表示強調(diào)原委；究竟)[典型例句]Whyonearthwouldhewanttogotosuchaplace?他究竟為什么想去那么個地方？Wefeltpuzzled.Whatonearthdidtheywanttodo?我們都感到納悶兒，他們究竟想干什么？Whatonearthareyouupto?You'rebeingsomysterious.你原委在搞什么鬼？這么神奇兮兮。[思維拓展]onearth(用于包含形容詞最高級的名詞短語后表示強調(diào))世界上；人世間ontheearth在地球上Hewantedtobethefastestmanonearth.他想成為世界上跑得最快的人。Wecan'tdestroytheenvironmentontheearth.我們不能破壞地球上的環(huán)境。[即學(xué)即練]Withouttheforest,wecannotliveontheeartheither.2eq\a\vs4\al(dieout滅亡；漸漸消逝)[典型例句]Manyoldcustomsaregraduallydyingout.很多舊習(xí)俗在漸漸消逝。Manyspeciesofanimalsareindangerofdyingout.很多種動物都處于面臨滅亡的危急之中。留意：out表示“熄滅；殲滅”等意義，再如putout熄滅(燈、火)；goout(燈、火)熄滅。[思維拓展]dieaway(聲音、風(fēng)、光等)漸漸變?nèi)?；漸漸消逝diedown漸漸變?nèi)?；漸漸平靜dieoff相繼死去；先后死去[即學(xué)即練]用dieout,dieaway和diedown填空(1)Manyrareanimalsaredying_out.Wemustfindwaystoprotecttheenvironment.(2)Althoughthewindnowdied_downcompletely,theairwasstillascoldasbefore.(3)Asthesoundofthemusicdied_away，thefilmcametoanend.3eq\a\vs4\al(makeprogress取得進步)[典型例句]As/Solongasyoustudyhard，you'llmakeprogress.只要你努力，你就會取得進步。Studywellandmakeprogresseveryday.好好學(xué)習(xí)，每天向上。WheneverIhearthissentence,Icanbemoreactiveandencouragemyselftomakeprogress.每當我聽到這句話，我可以更主動地激勵自己去取得進步。[思維拓展]makeprogressin在……方面取得進步(進展)[即學(xué)即練]Unlessyouimproveyourstudyhabits,youcan'tmakeprogressinphysics.4eq\a\vs4\al(indangerof在危急中；垂危)[典型例句]Hislifeisindanger.他有生命危急。Sheisindangeroflosingherlifeatanytime.她隨時有失去生命的危急。[思維拓展]outofdanger脫離危急introuble處于麻煩之中[易混辨析]indanger,dangerousindanger“在危急中”，是介詞短語，指人或物處于危急的狀態(tài)。dangerous“危急的”，是形容詞，指人或物對別的人或事物有危急。[即學(xué)即練]Howmanyfactoryworkersareindangeroflosingtheirjobs?5eq\a\vs4\al(infrontof在……前面；在……面前)[典型例句]Hedrovestraightintothecarinfront.他一下子撞上了前面的車。Wecanmeethalfanhourlaterinfrontofthebuilding.我們可以半小時后在大樓前面會合。[思維拓展]inthefront(of)在……內(nèi)的前面Theseatinthefrontisfree.前面的座位沒人坐。[易混辨析]infront(of)指在某物外的前面；inthefront(of)指在某物內(nèi)的前部。[即學(xué)即練]Thereisabigdeskfortheteacherinthefrontoftheclassroom.6eq\a\vs4\al(makeout看清；聽清；分清)[典型例句]Iheardthevoices,butcouldn'tmakeoutwhattheyweresaying.我聽到有聲音，卻聽不清他們在說些什么。Withsomanythingsmixedup,it'shardtomakeoutwhat'swhat.很多東西混在一起，分不清晰哪個是哪個。Thesecopiesaresodark.Ican'tmakeoutanyofthewords.這些復(fù)印本的顏色太深了，我看不清晰上面的字。[思維拓展]makefor朝……行進；對……有好處；有利于makeup組成；編造；化妝；占據(jù)makeupone'smind下決心，確定makeupfor彌補；補償bemadeupof由……組成makesense有意義，講得通makeup編造(說法、說明等)，虛構(gòu)；組成；彌補；補償；化妝；和好；整理[即學(xué)即練](1)Withoutmyglasses,Icouldn'tmakeoutwhetherthatfigureontheblackboardwasathreeoraneight.(2)Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwordsusedindailyconversations.(3)Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforalackofability.7eq\a\vs4\al(watchover愛護；照管；監(jiān)督)[典型例句]WillyouwatchovermyclotheswhenIhaveaswim?我游泳時你幫我看一下衣服好嗎？Theydidnotwatchoverthisman.他們并沒有監(jiān)視這個人。[思維拓展]watchout(＝lookout)當心；提防You'llbeintroubleifyoudon'twatchout.你若不當心，就會有麻煩。watchforsb./sth.視察等待keepawatchon監(jiān)視undertheclosewatch在嚴密的監(jiān)視下[即學(xué)即練]用watch短語填空(1)Theremusthavebeenanangelwatching_overmethatday.(2)WhatproblemsshouldIwatch_out_forwhenbuyinganoldhouse?(3)You'llbecomeanalcoholicifyoudon'twatch_out.考點集訓(xùn)二單句語法填空1．ThereisnotahappycreatureontheearththanIamnow.2．Thewindhasdieddownquitealot.3．Scientistssaidthatthoseplantsdiedoutacenturyago.4．Mybiggestsatisfactionistomakeprogressinthejob.5．Anotherfamousanimalindangeristhegiantpanda，whosehabitatisinChina.6．Weshouldbebraveinfrontofdifficulties.7．Thestudentspresentatthemeetingcouldnotmakeoutwhathewastalkingabout;itwastoodifficultforthemtounderstand.8．Peasantsmakeupover80percentofthepopulationinthatdevelopingcountry.9．Watchout!There'sacarcoming.1Toourleft，snow-coveredmountainsdisappearintocloudsthatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch.在我們的左邊，白雪覆蓋的群山消逝在好像近在咫尺、觸手可及的云層中。(1)句式分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句是snow-coveredmountainsdisappearintoclouds，thatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞clouds，that在定語從句中作主語。(2)enough可以用做形容詞、副詞或代詞：①作副詞(句中的用法)。用于修飾形容詞或其他副詞，多置于被修飾詞之后，其后常接for短語，todo短語，以及forsb.todo...結(jié)構(gòu)。修飾動詞時也常放在動詞之后。如：Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.這個男孩到上學(xué)的年齡了。Shecouldn'trunquicklyenoughtocatchupwithhim.她跑得不夠快，追不上他。Themeatisnotcookedenough.肉燉得不夠熟。②作形容詞。用于修飾名詞，置于名詞前，但修飾time時，放在time前后均可。如：Ihaveenoughtimetodothework.＝Ihavetimeenoughtodothework.我有足夠的時間做此項工作。③作代詞?？勺髦髡Z和賓語。如：Ihavehadenough.Thankyou.我吃得已經(jīng)夠多的了，感謝。[即學(xué)即練]Ibecameconfidentenoughto_challenge(challenge)thegoodtennisplayers.eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.,這就是我們來這里的緣由——視察藏羚羊。)(1)句式分析：句中包含了why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。(2)That/This/Itiswhy...表示“那/這就是為什么……”，why引導(dǎo)表語從句。Thatwaswhytheyrefusedtosigntheagreement.那就是他們?yōu)槭裁淳芙^簽訂協(xié)議。Thedeadlineisnear.Thisiswhyweareverybusy.最終期限要到了，這就是為什么我們很忙。[思維拓展]It/This/Thatisbecause...這/那就是因為……Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的緣由是……Hehasheartdisease.Thatisbecausehehasbeensmokingtoomuch.他有心臟病，那是因為他抽煙太多了。[即學(xué)即練]Igotuplatethismorning.ThisiswhyIwaslateforschool.3Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass，I'mstruckbytheirbeauty.看著它們漸漸地穿過綠色的草地，我被它們的美麗所打動。(1)句式分析：本句中Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語，相當于WhenIamwatchingthem...。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語用法淺析：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①可作時間、緣由、方式、伴隨、結(jié)果等狀語,②現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語通常與句子的主語一樣,③若分詞動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，分詞用完成式))Hewalkeddownthehill,singingsoftlytohimself.他從山上走下來，一路哼著小曲兒。(伴隨狀語)Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把玻璃杯弄掉了，結(jié)果杯子摔得粉碎。(結(jié)果狀語)Hecamerunningintotheroom.他跑進屋來。(方式狀語)Havingbeenheldbackbythetrafficjam,shecouldn'tgetthereontime.她因交通堵塞而被耽擱，無法準時到達那里。(緣由狀語)Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.完成作業(yè)后，他出去踢足球了。(時間狀語)[即學(xué)即練]Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding,throwing(throw)hard-edgedshadowsontheground.eq\o(\s\up1(4),\s\do5())“We'renottryingtosavetheanimals，”hesays.“Actually，we'retryingtosaveourselves.”“我們不是在試圖挽救動物，”他說。“事實上，我們是在挽救自己。句式分析：句中trytodosth.意為“設(shè)法做某事”。Itriedtopersuadehertogowithme，butfailed.我設(shè)法勸她和我一起去，但沒勝利。[思維拓展]trydoingsth.嘗試做某事Trywritingapoemonyourown.試著獨自寫首詩。[即學(xué)即練]Tryknocking(knock)onthebackdoorifthereisnoansweronthefrontdoor.eq\o(\s\up1(5),\s\do5())Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailwayswerebuilt.隨著新的馬路和鐵路的修建，它們的棲息地變得越來越小。(1)句式分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句是Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmaller，asnewroadsandrailwayswerebuilt是as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。(2)句中as為從屬連詞，意為“隨著”。It'sbecomingwarmerandwarmerasthespringdrawsnear.隨著春天的接近，天氣越來越溫煦。[即學(xué)即練]Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?eq\o(\s\up1(6),\s\do5())Zhaxiandothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnighttokeepthemsafefromattacks.扎西和其他志愿者日夜守護著這些羚羊，以確保它們不被獵食。(1)句式分析：本句是簡潔句。tokeepthemsafefromattacks是不定式短語作目的狀語。(2)不定式作目的狀語的用法：①不定式作目的狀語多表示將來的動作，因此只有todosth.和tobedone的形式，不能用完成式或進行式。如：Hetriedtobeagoodchildtobelikedbyhisparents.為了被父母喜愛，他努力做一個好孩子。②有時為表示強調(diào)，可在不定式前加上inorder/soas,但是soastodo不行位于句首。如：為了拿到獎學(xué)金，她刻苦學(xué)習(xí)?！?Inorder)Towinthescholarship,shestudieshard.→Shestudieshard(soas)towinthescholarship.③當不定式有自己的動作執(zhí)行者時，也就是說當不定式的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一樣時，要用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即在不定式前加“for＋名詞或賓格代詞”。如：Heopenedthedoorforthechildrentocomein.他打開門讓孩子們進來。[即學(xué)即練]Theygotupearlyinthemorningto_catch(catch)theearlybus.eq\o(\s\up1(7),\s\do5())Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并沒有準備停止這些愛護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威逼依舊存在。(1)句式分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句是Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，后面是since引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句。(2)since的用法：①conj.意為“因為，既然”。Sinceyouareunabletoanswer，perhapsIshouldasksomeoneelse.既然你回答不了，或許我該問別人。②conj.(常與現(xiàn)在或過去完成時連用)意為“自……以來；從……以后”。IthadbeenayearsinceSusanbecameblind.蘇珊失明已經(jīng)一年了。③prep.(常與現(xiàn)在或過去完成時連用)意為“自……以來；從……以后”。Ihavenotheardfromhimsincelastyear.自從去年以來我始終沒有收到過他的信。④adv.(常與現(xiàn)在或過去完成時連用)意為“從那時以后；后來”。Ihavenotseenhimsince.從那以后，我就沒見過他。[即學(xué)即練]Ihaven'tvisitedmyteachersinceIgraduated.eq\o(\s\up1(8),\s\do5())Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有學(xué)會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威逼。(1)句式分析：本句是倒裝句。正常語序是：Wecanstopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanetonlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnature。(2)“only＋狀語(從句)”位于句首時，句子(或主句)要部分倒裝。如：Onlyinthiswaycanyoumakeimprovement.只有用這種方法你才能有所提高。OnlywhenIreachedthetopofthemountaindidIfeelagreatsenseofachievement.只有當我到達山頂時，我才有極大的成就感。[思維拓展]部分倒裝的常見狀況：(1)nor，neither，never，seldom，little，bynomeans，rarely，scarcely，innoway等表示否定或半否定的詞(組)位于句首時，句子部分倒裝。(2)notuntil、“only＋狀語(從句)”位于句首時，句子(或主句)部分倒裝。(3)so/such...that...句型中，so/such置于句首時，主句部分倒裝。(4)nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...中，nosooner，hardly/scarcely位于句首時，主句部分倒裝。(5)notonly...butalso...連接并列分句，且notonly位于句首時，notonly所在的分句部分倒裝。(6)as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，形容詞、名詞、動詞提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。(7)虛擬條件句中，條件從句中的if省略，而把were，had，should等提前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。NevershallIdothisagain.我再也不會做這種事情了。Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.他剛到，天就下起雪來了。Tiredashewas，hestayeduplate.雖然很疲乏，可他很晚才睡。[巧學(xué)妙記]口訣巧記部分倒裝：only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝；否定意義副連詞，位于句首須倒裝；so和such置句首，主句主謂要倒裝；notonly開頭句，所在分句須倒裝；had，were，should置句首，條件從句半倒裝。[即學(xué)即練]Onlyifyouworkhardcanyoupassthetest.考點集訓(xùn)三單句語法填空1．Weareoldenoughto_make(make)decisionsofourown.2．Iwaslateforclassthismorning.ItisbecauseIgotuplate.3．Walking(walk)inthestreetyesterday，Imetoneofmyclassmates.4．Hetriedto_live(live)onhisownforalittlewhile，thenreturnedhome.5．Astimegoesby，thecomputerisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.6．We'llhavetosaveasmuchaspossibleto_pay(pay)forthenewhouse.7．Theyhavelivedinthathousesincetwoyearsago.8．Ithasbeenthreemonthssincehemovedtothiscity.9．OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Theworld'stropicalforestsaredisappearingatanevenfasterrate(速度)thanexpertshadthought.2．Thechangeinclimatemightbeoneofthecausesfortheextinction(滅亡)ofdinosaurs(恐龍)．3．Onhisdeskisamass(堆)ofbooksandpapers.4．Withmyownhouse,mydreamisthatIhavemyownhabitat(棲息地)．5．Infact，solittledoweknowabouttheuniversethatwearenotevenaware(知道)howitcameintobeing.6．It'ssaidthatthenewspaperofficereceivesanaverage(平均數(shù))ofnearly100articlesaday.7．Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcerned(擔憂的)about/fortheenvironmentwheretheylive.8．I'mtryingtopersuadehimtogiveuptheattempttomakealiving(生計)bywriting.9．Theolderapersonis,theslowe