主語從句公開課課件

名詞性從句2021/6/271Revision3.什么叫名詞性從句？在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句.2.名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。4.因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為________、_______、_________和___________。主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句2021/6/272Chosethebestanswer:Wedon’tknow____theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which2.Thisis_____Iwanttotellyou.A.whereB.whatC.howD.which解題步驟：判斷從句類型。先找出主句謂語，位于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后的是_______，位于系動(dòng)詞后的是________，位于謂語動(dòng)詞前的是________。分析從句的成分。若不缺少任何成分，則選____或_______;若缺少_____________語，則選用關(guān)系代詞what\who\whom\which\whose\whatever\whoever\whichever;若作___語，則選關(guān)系副詞when\where\why\who.關(guān)系詞的確定還需根據(jù)意思來定。賓語從句表語從句主語從句thatwhether主、賓、表、定狀2021/6/273SubjectClauses

主語從句2021/6/274各種各樣的主語1）Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.2）Youareastudent.3）Toliveistolearn,tolearnistobetterlive

.4）Smoking

isbadforyou.5)Itiscertainwhetherwewillsucceed.6）Thatsheisabletocomemakesushappy.名詞代詞不定式動(dòng)名詞形式主語主語從句2021/6/275一、定義在主從復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)主語的從句叫主語從句。e.g.

Whathedidintheearthquakemovedeverybody.

主語從句謂語賓語ThatChinawillbecomemorepowerfuliscertain.主語從句謂語表語2021/6/276二、引導(dǎo)主語從句三大連接詞：1、從屬連詞：that,whetherthat

無詞義,在從句中不作成分，但不能省略whether

意為“是否”，在從句中不作成分，可放在句首或句末，但不可省略e.g.shegotthefirstprizemadeherparentsveryhappy.shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.無義是否ThatWhether2021/6/277

練一練1、_________wegotherebytrainorbyairisnotclear.2、______shelefthimmadehimverysad.WhetherThat2021/6/2782、連接代詞：連接代詞

中文意思在從句中的成分

who/whom

__whoever

______

what

__________

whatever_______

which

______

whichever________whose____

不可省略誰不論誰什么\什么事無論什么哪一個(gè)無論哪一個(gè)誰的

主語賓語表語定語2021/6/279e.g.Whateveryoudoshoulddonoharmtoothers.

無論你做什么都不應(yīng)該傷害別人。

Whowilltakehisplaceisnotimportant.

誰將代替他并不重要。2021/6/2710

練一練1、_________willhostthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.2、________carrunsfastershouldbetested.3、________comestoourschooliswelcome.4、________sidewillwinisnotclear.

WhoWhoseWhoeverWhich2021/6/27113、連接副詞：

連接副詞

中文意思在從句中的成分when

where

why

how

不可省略什么時(shí)候在哪里為什么怎么樣，如何時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語方式狀語2021/6/2712

練一練1、_____hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisunknown.2、____________wewillsetupthefactoryshouldbediscussed.3、__________thishappenedisnotclear.WhyWhen/WhereHow/Why2021/6/2713三、用it作形式主語的主語從句常用句型如下：It+be+名詞+that從句It+be+形容詞+that從句It+be+過去分詞+that從句It+不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句It+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+that從句

注解：一般來說主語從句都是放在

,但有時(shí)為了使句子

,避免”頭重腳輕”,常用

作

，從而把主語從句放在

．

句首保持平衡

it

形式主語后面2021/6/27141)Itis+n.+that

Itisapity/shamethat...

Itisasurprisethat…

Itisafactthat…Itiscommonknowledgethat…

*_______________(很可惜)welostthematch.*______________(這是事實(shí))hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat可惜的是……令人吃驚的是…事實(shí)是……是常識(shí)2021/6/27152)Itis+adj.+that

It’scertainthat…

Itispossible/likelythat...Itisobvious/clearthat…Itistruethat…

*_______________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_______________(很明顯)heisanEnglish.ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat肯定…很可能……很明顯…的確…2021/6/27163)It+be+過去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...Itisknowntoallthat...Itisreportedthat...Itisbelievedthat...Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...*_________________(據(jù)報(bào)道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*__________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat據(jù)說……眾所周知……據(jù)報(bào)道……據(jù)相信……;人們相信……建議……2021/6/27174)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+thatIthappenedthat...Itoccurredtomethat…Itappears/seemsthat…Itturnedoutthat…*________________(剛好)Iwasoutyesterday.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgottosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat碰巧……

我突然想起…似乎，好像…原來…2021/6/27185)It+及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語+that從句Itworriedherthat…Itshockedmethat….*____________________(讓我吃驚的是)shetreatedintheexam.Itsurprisedmethat讓她擔(dān)心的是…讓我震驚的是…2021/6/2719

1、Thatwecan’tgotoseethemovieontheweekendisapity.2、Thathismemorywasbecomingworseworriedhimalot.Itisapitythatwecan’tgotoseethemovieontheweekend.Itworriedhimalotthathismemorywasbecomingworse.用it作形式主語來改寫下面的句子2021/6/2720

改錯(cuò)1、Thatiswidelybelievedthatsmokingcancausecancer.2、Itissuggestedthatwewillholdameetingnextweek.It（作形式主語）解析：過去分詞如果是suggested,ordered,requested等表示建議，命令，請(qǐng)求等的詞時(shí)，主語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”(should)hold2021/6/2721四、主語從句中應(yīng)注意的問題1、從句的語序要用陳述句的語序。e.g.remainsamystery.他為什么做那件事依然是個(gè)謎。Whyhedidit2021/6/27222、從句做主語時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)①單個(gè)主語從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)e.g.Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeeting

notbeendecidedyet.②由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)

e.g.Whenandwhereweshallhaveoursportsmeetingnotbeendecidedyet.

has

has

2021/6/2723③如果用and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

e.g.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgonotbeendecidedyet.have2021/6/2724

注意what和who引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，主句謂語的數(shù)應(yīng)與主句中作表語的名詞保持一致。WhatIneed______money.WhatIneed______books.isareWhoyouwillgowith______Lucy.Whoyouwillgowith______thetwins.isare2021/6/27253、whether

引導(dǎo)的主語從句,如果用了形式主語it,引導(dǎo)詞whether

可以換成if,

如果whether

從句在句首或后面有ornot

時(shí),不能換成if.Whethertheywillsellthehouseisnotdecidedyet.Itisnotdecidedyetwhethertheywillsellthehouse.不可用if替換可用if替換2021/6/2726

練習(xí)___leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.A.AnyoneB.Thep