（高考英語(yǔ)作文煉句）第40篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.兼職能讓學(xué)生更好地了解自己的喜好或是檢驗(yàn)一種可能的職業(yè)方向.例如,很多大學(xué)生做兼職家教.隨后,他們當(dāng)中一些人可能會(huì)意識(shí)到他們對(duì)教學(xué)有濃厚的興趣,并決定在畢業(yè)后從事教育領(lǐng)域的工作.Part-timeemploymentcanhelpstudentstobetterunderstandtheirpreferencesorto

testout

(1.檢驗(yàn))apossiblecareerdirection.Forexample,manyuniversitystudentsworkaspart-timetutors.

Subsequently(2.隨后),someofthemmayrealizethatthey

haveanavidinterestin

(3.對(duì)……有濃厚興趣)teaching,anddecidetopursueworkintheeducationfieldupongraduation.

1-testout

詞典釋義：testout6.

IDEA/PLAN

主意/計(jì)劃

also

testout,tostarttouseanideaor

plantofindoutifitiscorrectoreffective驗(yàn)證;檢驗(yàn)：?DrLeesetupa

seriesofexperimentstotestoutthishypothesis.李博士設(shè)計(jì)了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)驗(yàn)證這個(gè)假設(shè).

外刊例句：Asasecondapproximation,youmaywanttotry

to

testout

aninvestmentstrategy

basedondiscountrates.

()作為這二次估測(cè),你可能想嘗試去驗(yàn)證一下那基于折扣率的投資策略.

替換表達(dá)：test

2-subsequently

詞典釋義：subsequently

sub·se·quent·ly/

?s?bs?kw?ntl?

;

?s?bs?kw?ntli

/adverbformal

1.afteraneventinthepast后來(lái),隨后,接著：?Thebookwas

subsequentlytranslatedinto15languages.那本書后來(lái)被譯成了

15種語(yǔ)言.?Subsequently,the

companyfiledforbankruptcy.隨后,該公司申請(qǐng)了破產(chǎn).

外刊例句：Subsequently,

workbecomesthebeallandendall–themostimportantthinginaperson’s

life–andthatisn’thealthy.

()隨后,工作就變成了最為重要的東西,即人生命中最重要的東西,這種發(fā)展可不健康.

替換表達(dá)：later/lateron

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：Afterwards點(diǎn)評(píng)：afterwards是指某件事結(jié)束之后不久立即接上下一件,如果中間有比較長(zhǎng)的間隔,應(yīng)該用lateron/subsequently,例如：OnSaturday

morningIwenttoseeAdrianinhospital.

Afterwards

Idroveintotowntodosomeshopping.

我們不能說(shuō)：Westarted

goingouttogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.Afterwardswebothrealized

thattherewasmorethanjustfriendship.而要說(shuō)：Westartedgoing

outtogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.

Lateron

webothrealizedthattherewasmorethanjust

friendship.

3-haveanavidinterestin

詞典釋義：avid['?v.?d]

adjective

■extremelyeagerorinterested

渴望的;急切的;熱衷的;干勁十足的?an

avid

football

fan狂熱的足球球迷?an

avid

supporter

ofthearts藝術(shù)活動(dòng)的熱心支持者?Hetookan

avid

interest

intheproject.他對(duì)這個(gè)企劃案產(chǎn)生了極大的興趣.?formal

She

hadn'tseenhimforsixmonthsandwas

avid

for

news.她已六個(gè)月未曾見(jiàn)到他,正望穿秋水地盼著他的音訊.

外刊例句：This

avidinterest

suggestsdemandfor

theNanowilloutstripsupplyforthefirstyearortwo.()這種強(qiáng)烈興趣暗示了,Nano將在一兩年內(nèi)供不應(yīng)求.

替換表達(dá)：have/takeadeep/keeninterestin,haveapassionfor

Q：不太明白test和test

out的區(qū)別在哪里?A：testout和test意思是相同的,在這里都可以用.

2.在很多情況下文憑是被雇用的必要而非充分條件.很多公司在選擇應(yīng)聘者過(guò)程中,不僅僅考慮學(xué)術(shù)成就,還有考慮課外活動(dòng)甚至是來(lái)自教授的推薦信.Inmanycases,adiplomais

anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition(1.必要而非充分條件)forbeinghired.Inselectingcandidates,companiesusuallyconsidernotonly

academicdistinction

(2.學(xué)術(shù)成就)butalsoparticipationinextracurricularactivitiesandeven

lettersofreference

(3.推薦信)fromprofessors.

1-anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition

詞典釋義：necessary['nes.?.ser.i]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■neededinordertoachieveaparticularresult

必需的,不可或缺的?Helacksthe

necessary

skillsforthejob.他不具備做這項(xiàng)工作所需的技能.?Idon'thavemuchtimesoIwon'tbestayinganylonger

than

necessary.我時(shí)間不多,所以若非必要我不會(huì)逗留.?Justdowhat's

necessary

andthenleave.做完必要的事情就走吧.?If

necessary,

wecanalwayschangethedatesofourtrip.必要的話,我們隨時(shí)可以改變旅行的日期.?Is

itnecessary

for

allofus

to

be

presentatthemeetingthisafternoon?

我們必須全體出席今天下午的會(huì)議嗎??Wedon'twanttotakeanymoreluggagewithusthanis

strictly

necessary.除了不可或缺的行李以外,我們不想帶多余的東西.

sufficient2.ADJ

形容詞

(理由、條件)充足的,充分的

Ifsomethingisa

sufficient

cause

orconditionforsomethingtohappen,itcanhappen.

【搭配模式】：ADJn

【語(yǔ)域標(biāo)簽】：FORMAL正式?Disciplineisanecessary,butcertainlynota

sufficient

conditionforlearningtotakeplace.紀(jì)律是有必要的,但絕對(duì)不是保證學(xué)習(xí)成效的充分條件.

外刊例句：Leaving

theGazaStripis

anecessarybutnot

sufficientcondition

toestablishpeace.()從加沙地帶撤離是締結(jié)和平的必須步驟,但仍未足以實(shí)現(xiàn)和平.

2-academicdistinction

詞典釋義：academic[??k.?'dem.?k]

adjective

STUDYING

學(xué)習(xí)的

IMPROVER

■relatingtoschools,collegesanduniversities,or

connectedwithstudyingandthinking,notwithpracticalskills

學(xué)校的,學(xué)院的;學(xué)術(shù)的?academic

subjects/qualifications/books學(xué)科／學(xué)歷／學(xué)術(shù)書籍?an

academic

institution學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)?the

academic

year(=thetime,usuallyfromSeptember

toJune,duringwhichstudentsgotoschoolorcollege)學(xué)年?academic

standards學(xué)術(shù)水準(zhǔn)

distinction2.N-UNCOUNT

不可數(shù)名詞

卓越;杰出;優(yōu)秀

Distinction

isthequalityofbeingverygoodorbetterthanotherthingsof

thesametype.

【語(yǔ)域標(biāo)簽】：FORMAL正式?Lewisemergesasacomposerof

distinction

andsensitivity.劉易斯作為一位悟性很高的優(yōu)秀作曲家嶄露頭角.

?...piecesoffurnitureof

distinction.一件件精美家具

外刊例句：Afocusonthe

academicdistinction

betweenreligionandraceisoftenusedasa

figleafforprejudiceandoutrightbigotry.

()對(duì)于宗教和民族間的學(xué)術(shù)成就的聚焦,常常成了掩蓋偏見(jiàn)和赤裸的偏執(zhí)信念的"無(wú)花果葉”.

替換表達(dá)：academicachievement/success

3-lettersofreference

詞典釋義：referenceUK

['ref.?r.?nts]

US

[-?-]

noun

LETTER

信件

ADVANCED

countable

■aletterthatis

writtenbysomeonewhoknowsyou,todescribeyouandsayifyouaresuitable

forajoborcourse,etc

推薦信;介紹信?Myoldheadteachersaidhewould

write/give

mea

glowing(=verygood)

reference.我以前的中學(xué)校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)他會(huì)為我寫一封很好的推薦信.

外刊例句：Heddhasuncoveredcandidateswhohave

supportedtheirclaimswithfakedegreecertificatesandofficial-looking

lettersofreference.

()英國(guó)高等教育學(xué)位檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)(Hedd)揭露了某些以假學(xué)歷證明和假官方推薦信來(lái)為自己論調(diào)背書的候選人.

替換表達(dá)：aletterofrecommendation/references

Q："推薦信”的表達(dá)lettersof

reference,前面的lettersof可否去掉?A：可以,這里寫成references也沒(méi)問(wèn)題.

Inselectingcandidates,companiesusually

considernotonlyacademicdistinctionbutalsoparticipationin

extracurricularactivitiesandevenlettersofreferencefrom

professors.

【分析】本句是一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),其主語(yǔ)是companies,謂語(yǔ)是consider,賓語(yǔ)共有三個(gè),前兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)是academicdistinction和participation,由并列連詞notonly…butalso連接,最后一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)是lettersofreference,由連詞and與前面兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)相連.句首Inselectingcandidates是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ),作狀語(yǔ).

3.很多學(xué)生意識(shí)到的一個(gè)事實(shí)是,隨著越來(lái)越多的人擁有研究生學(xué)歷,雇主們開(kāi)始重新評(píng)估學(xué)歷本身的價(jià)值了.公司越來(lái)越想雇用具有最相關(guān)的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的學(xué)生,而不一定是雇用學(xué)歷最高的學(xué)生.Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraise(1.重新評(píng)估)thevalueofanacademicdiploma

perse(2.本身).Increasingly,companiesprefertohirestudentswiththemostrelevantskillsandexperience,and

notnecessarily

(3.不一定)theonewiththehighestdegree.

1-reappraise

詞典釋義：reappraise

1.VERB

動(dòng)詞

重新估計(jì);重新評(píng)價(jià)

Ifyou

reappraise

somethingsuchasanideaoraplan,youthinkcarefullyaboutit

anddecidewhetheritneedstobechanged.

【語(yǔ)法信息】：Vn

【語(yǔ)域標(biāo)簽】：FORMAL正式?Itdidnotpersuadethemtoabandonthewarbutitdid

forcethemto

reappraise

theirstrategy.那并沒(méi)有說(shuō)服他們放棄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),但的確迫使他們重新評(píng)估了自己的戰(zhàn)略.

外刊例句：Heisinhisfortiesnow,anagethatCarl

Jungbelievedtobethe"noonoflife”,whenmen,inparticular,

reappraise

pastachievementsandlook

fornewwaystomakeacontribution.

()他現(xiàn)在已四十歲了,這是榮格所認(rèn)為的"生命盛時(shí)”階段,在這時(shí),男性尤其得重新評(píng)估其前半生成就,尋找新途徑來(lái)為社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn).

替換表達(dá)：reassess/re-evaluate

2-perse

詞典釋義：perseformal

adverb

■byorofitself

自身,本身

?Researchshowsthatitisnotdivorcepersethatharms

children,butthecontinuingconflictbetweenparents.研究顯示,對(duì)孩子造成傷害的不是離婚本身,而是父母間持續(xù)的沖突.

外刊例句：Intheaftermathofthe2008financialcrisis,

itwasawayofassigningresponsibilityforthedebacle,nottoapolitical

party

perse,buttoan

establishmentthathadconcededitsauthoritytothemarket.

()在2008年金融危機(jī)的余波中,這種方式無(wú)異于把引發(fā)災(zāi)難的責(zé)任置于一個(gè)已經(jīng)"臣服”于市場(chǎng)的機(jī)構(gòu),而非其政黨本身.

替換表達(dá)：itself

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：It點(diǎn)評(píng)：這里應(yīng)該用反身代詞itself,或者詞組perse

3-notnecessarily

詞典釋義：notnecessarily

phrase

1.

notalways,ornotin

everysituation

Individualsymptomsarenotnecessarilytypicalofthe

disease.

Headingswithinthetextshouldbeboldbutnotnecessarily

bigger.

Ourclientswon’tnecessarilyunderstandwhyweareraisingourprices.

外刊例句：We'vebeeninagradualwarmingtrendsince

theendingofthe"LittleIceAge"inabout1870,andclimate

changeisperfectlynaturaland

not

necessarily

bad.()自"小冰河期”于1870年左右結(jié)束以來(lái),世界就經(jīng)歷著逐漸緩慢的趨勢(shì),而氣候變化也十分自然,不一定就很糟糕.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：insteadof/

ratherthantheonehavingthehighestdiploma.點(diǎn)評(píng)：insteadof/

ratherthan在這里的意思是"而不是”,語(yǔ)氣過(guò)于絕對(duì),這與原文意思有偏差,可以改為not

necessarilytheonehavingthehighestdiploma

Q：請(qǐng)問(wèn)withgrowingnumbersof

graduatedegreeholderswith的用法是由于還是隨著呢?A：這里with的用法是"隨著”的意思.

Q：請(qǐng)問(wèn)范例最后的theone是指thestudent,還是thestudents?A：theone是指thestudent

Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,with

growingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraisethevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse.

【分析】本句是一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),其主語(yǔ)是Manystudents,謂語(yǔ)是areawareof,賓語(yǔ)是thefactthat…,其中由that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句,修飾thefact.在that同位語(yǔ)從句中,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders是介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ),employers作主語(yǔ),havebeguntoreappraise作謂語(yǔ),thevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse作賓語(yǔ).

4.通過(guò)生活在不同的城市或國(guó)家,我們能獲得語(yǔ)言和文化的多樣性能力.這種能力是越來(lái)越多雇主所需要的,而且他們?cè)敢鉃榇烁冻龈嘈剿?即使是那些曾經(jīng)生活在不同地方但只能說(shuō)一種語(yǔ)言的人,也由于他們的適應(yīng)能力和對(duì)跨文化差異的敏感性而變得更有市場(chǎng).Bymovingaroundtodifferentcitiesorcountries,wecangainthe

linguisticandculturalversatility(1.語(yǔ)言和文化的多樣性能力)thatmoreandmoreemployersdemandandforwhichtheyarewillingto

payapremium(2.付出額外的錢).Eventhosewhohavemovedaroundbutremain

monolingual(3.只能說(shuō)一種語(yǔ)言的)willbemore

marketable

(4.有市場(chǎng)的)asaresultoftheiradaptabilityandcross-culturalsensitivity.

1-linguisticandculturalversatility

詞典釋義：linguistic

[l??'gw?s.t?k]

adjective

■connectedwithlanguageorthestudyoflanguage

語(yǔ)言的;語(yǔ)言學(xué)的?I'mparticularlyinterestedinthe

linguistic

developmentofyoungchildren.我對(duì)幼兒語(yǔ)言能力的發(fā)展尤其感興趣.

versatileityEtymology：

French

versatilité,

from

versatile

+-ité

-ity

：

thequalityorstateofbeingversatile

<amanofgreat

versatility,anexplorerin

allthesciencesunderlyingagriculture

—

R.H.Chittenden>

<ametalvaluedforits

versatility

>

外刊例句：Asamotiongraphicdesignerworkinginfilm,

Icanappreciatethattherapidevolutionand

versatility

ofdigitalhasrevolutionisedfilm-making,butasan

artistpassionateaboutcraft,I’mreassuredfilmstillhasitsplaceand

holdsitsown.

()數(shù)碼技術(shù)飛快發(fā)展,已能應(yīng)付各種工作,極大改革了電影制作,而我作為一名電影圖像設(shè)計(jì)師,對(duì)此表示贊賞,不過(guò)若作為電影工藝制作愛(ài)好者而言,我相信傳統(tǒng)電影還是能有一席之地的.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：diversity

abilityoflanguageandculture點(diǎn)評(píng)：diversity是名詞,不能修飾ability,而且ability后面的介詞應(yīng)該是in,而不是of,這里可以改為multiple

abilitiesinlanguagesandculture

2-payapremium

詞典釋義：premium['pri：.mi.?m]

noun

EXTRA

額外的

ADVANCED

countable

■anamountwhichismorethanusual

獎(jiǎng)金,津貼;加價(jià);附加費(fèi)?We'rewillingtopaya

premium

forthebest

location.為了得到最好的地段,我們?cè)敢舛喔缎╁X.?Becauseoftheirlocation,theseoffices

attract

a

premium.由于地段好,這些辦公室租金更高.?Themodifiedcarsareavailable

at

a

premium

of

5%

over

theoriginalprice.改裝后的汽車的售價(jià)要比原價(jià)高5%.?Thebusyshopper

puts

a

premium

on

(=

appreciatesandwillpaymorefor)findingeverythinginonebigstore.時(shí)間有限的購(gòu)物者若能在一家大商店買齊所有的東西,就算價(jià)錢高一點(diǎn)也是愿意的.

外刊例句：Apple'sformulasoundssimple：keeppeople

happyto

payapremium.Butitis

atrickthatisfarfromsimpletopulloff.

()蘋果的方案聽(tīng)起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單：讓人們開(kāi)心,從而更多點(diǎn)錢.不過(guò)這招數(shù)要用起來(lái)可就難得很了.

替換表達(dá)：payextramoney

3-monolingual

詞典釋義：monolingual

UK

[?m?n.??'l??.gw?l]

US

[?mɑ：.no?-]

adjective

■speakingorusingonlyonelanguage

只使用一種語(yǔ)言的,單語(yǔ)的?Thisisa

monolingual

dictionary.這是一本單語(yǔ)詞典.

外刊例句：The

monolingual

Brit