（高考英語(yǔ)作文煉句）第13篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.盡管學(xué)生能在涉足商界的經(jīng)歷中獲益匪淺,但將學(xué)習(xí)放在首位仍非常關(guān)鍵.大多數(shù)兼職工作每周會(huì)占據(jù)10到20小時(shí)不等.課業(yè)繁重的學(xué)生應(yīng)該控制工作時(shí)間,如有可能,在考試周期間請(qǐng)假.Despitethebenefitstostudentsof

gettingtheirfeetwet

(1.涉足)inthebusinessworld,itiscriticalthatthey

maintainacademicstudiesasatoppriority(2.將學(xué)習(xí)放在首位).Mostpart-timejobsvaryfrom10to20hoursperweek.Studentswhoalready

haveaheavycourseload

(3.學(xué)業(yè)繁重)shouldlimittheirnumberofworkhoursand,ifpossible,

askforaleaveofabsence

(4.請(qǐng)假)duringexaminationperiods.

1-gettheirfeetwet

詞典釋義：?

get

your'feetwet

(especiallyNAmE,

informal)

to

startdoingsththatisnewforyou

初次涉足;開(kāi)始做(新鮮的事情)：

Atthattimehewasayoungactor,justgettinghisfeet

wet.

那時(shí)他還是個(gè)年輕演員,才初出茅廬.

外刊例句：Thepricehasnowdroppedto$36andamonthly$5option

wasaddedtoletusers

gettheirfeet

wet.Ratherthancountongrowthalone,itistryingtocarveoutaniche

inwhichrecurringrevenueproducesareasonablereturn.

()該服務(wù)全年訂購(gòu)價(jià)格現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)低至36美元,而且顧客可以先花5美元訂購(gòu)一個(gè)月來(lái)嘗試一下.該網(wǎng)站正嘗試打造讓循環(huán)流動(dòng)利潤(rùn)帶來(lái)合理收益的服務(wù)定位,而非單純依靠增長(zhǎng).

替換表達(dá)：stepinto/startdoing

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

setfootin點(diǎn)評(píng)：setfootin

something含義是"進(jìn)入某處,踏入某處”,例如Shesworeshewouldnever

setfootinhishouseagain.她發(fā)誓再也不會(huì)踏進(jìn)他的住處一步.它不可以用來(lái)表示"嘗試做某事”.

2-maintainacademicstudiesasatoppriority

詞典釋義：priorityUK

[pra?'?r.?.ti]

US

[-'?：r.?.t?i]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

IMPROVER

■somethingthatisveryimportantandmustbedealtwith

beforeotherthings

優(yōu)先考慮的事?Themanagementdidnotseemtoconsiderofficesafetyto

bea

priority.管理部門(mén)似乎并不認(rèn)為應(yīng)該優(yōu)先考慮辦公室安全問(wèn)題.?My

first/top

priority

istofindsomewhere

tolive.我首先要考慮的是找個(gè)地方住.?Youhavetolearnto

get

your

priorities

right/straight

(=decidewhicharethemostimportantjobsorproblemsanddealwiththem

first).你必須學(xué)會(huì)先處理最重要的事.?Mendingthelightsisa

priority

task(=more

importantthanotherjobs).修燈這個(gè)任務(wù)更重要.?Banksnormally

give

priority

to

large

businesseswhendecidingonloans(=Theydealwiththemfirstbecausethey

considerthemmostimportant).銀行在發(fā)放貸款時(shí)通常優(yōu)先考慮大企業(yè).

外刊例句：Also,thestorydoesn'tendthere,accordingtoasenior

engineerfromPepsiCowhoworksinbio-basedplastics-SunChipswill

maintaintheirbiodegradabilityvision

as

atoppriority

–"afterovercomingtheproblemswiththe

noise."

()而且,故事也未在此結(jié)束.據(jù)在百事可樂(lè)公司負(fù)責(zé)生物材料塑料產(chǎn)品的高級(jí)工程師所說(shuō),"太陽(yáng)薯片公司在克服了那些聲音問(wèn)題之后,會(huì)繼續(xù)以生物降解發(fā)展前景為首要任務(wù).

替換表達(dá)：place/putsomethinginthefirstplace/giveprimacytosomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

placestudy

atthefirstorder點(diǎn)評(píng)：中式表達(dá).firstorder一般指"(質(zhì)量)優(yōu)秀的,一流的”,不可以用來(lái)指重要性排序.(2)

beontheprimacy

ofstudy點(diǎn)評(píng)：沒(méi)有beonthe

primacyofstudy的說(shuō)法,primacy的常見(jiàn)搭配是giveprimacytosth.這里應(yīng)該改為giveprimacyto

academicstudies

3-haveaheavycourseload

詞典釋義：loadUK

[l??d]

US

[lo?d]

noun

AMOUNTTODO

工作量

countable

■theamountofworktobedonebyaperson

工作量,工作任務(wù)?Ifwesharetheorganizationoftheparty,thatwillhelp

spreadthe

load

abit.如果我們都分擔(dān)一些派對(duì)的組織工作,那么就不至于忙不過(guò)來(lái)了.?I'vegota

heavy/light

teaching

load

this

term.這學(xué)期我的教學(xué)任務(wù)很重／輕.

外刊例句：Theelectionbore

a

heavyload

ofnewprecedentsasitmarkedtheendofthecountry'slong

transitionfromapurelypresidentialsystemtoaparliamentaryrepublic.()這次選舉帶來(lái)了大量前所未有的工作,因?yàn)樗鼧?biāo)志著該國(guó)放棄一直以來(lái)的總統(tǒng)制,轉(zhuǎn)而采用國(guó)會(huì)共和制.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

haveheavy

lesson點(diǎn)評(píng)：搭配不當(dāng),lesson不可以用heavy來(lái)修飾,且lesson是可數(shù)名詞,需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,或者前面加修飾詞.(2)

heavy

schoolwork/workload點(diǎn)評(píng)：表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確.schoolwork表示"學(xué)校作業(yè)”,而workload指"工作量”,不是指"學(xué)業(yè)”.(3)

burden

oneroustasks點(diǎn)評(píng)：表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確.onerous

tasks僅僅指"任務(wù)繁重”,而沒(méi)有特指"學(xué)業(yè)繁重”.

4-askforaleaveofabsence

詞典釋義：leaveofabsence

noun

[countable/uncountable]

[singular

leave

ofabsence

plural

leavesofabsence]

formal

aperiodoftimethatyouofficiallyspendawayfromajoborthe

armedforces

Thesaurus：

timeofffrom

workhyponym

外刊例句：SteveJobssaidhewouldtake

aleaveofabsence

fromAppleuntiltheendofJunebecausehis

medicalcondition,ahormoneimbalance,is"morecomplex”thanhehad

thought.

()史蒂夫·喬布斯說(shuō),他因?yàn)榛疾?荷爾蒙失衡),且病情要比想象中"復(fù)雜”,所以將暫時(shí)離開(kāi)蘋(píng)果公司直到6月底.

替換表達(dá)：gettimeoffwork

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

haveabreak點(diǎn)評(píng)：haveabreak是指"小憩”,不可以用來(lái)指"請(qǐng)假”.

Q：請(qǐng)問(wèn)老師,burden比load更為正式,在這里暗示的"課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)/學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)”等能否用academicburden或者courseburden?A：可以用academicburden,但不能用course

burden,因?yàn)闆](méi)有這個(gè)說(shuō)法.

Q：這里"askforaleaveofabsence”的表達(dá)會(huì)不會(huì)有一點(diǎn)多余?只用寫(xiě)到"askforaleave”就足夠表達(dá)請(qǐng)假的含義了?A：leaveofabsence是一個(gè)固定搭配,不多余.

Q：askforaleaveofabsence,leave是不可數(shù)名詞,為什么前面可以加a呢A：leaveofabsence要當(dāng)成一個(gè)總體來(lái)理解,這是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞,前面可以加a

leaveofabsence

noun

[countable/uncountable]

[singular

leave

ofabsence

plural

leavesofabsence]

formal

aperiodoftimethatyouofficiallyspendawayfromajoborthe

armedforces

Thesaurus：

timeofffrom

workhyponym

Q：thebenefitstostudents這里的to可以改成for嗎?A：thebenefitsto/forstudents都可以,參考麥克米倫詞典例句：Considerthepotentialbenefitsofthedealforthecompany.

Q：控制工作時(shí)間可以用control嗎?A：不可以,"控制工作時(shí)間”一般說(shuō)limitthenumberofworkinghours,而不可以說(shuō)controlworkinghours

2.只有保持謹(jǐn)慎和合理安排時(shí)間,大學(xué)生才能保證他們做的兼職或商業(yè)活動(dòng)的重要性不會(huì)超過(guò)學(xué)習(xí).Onlyby

exercisingcaution

(1.保持謹(jǐn)慎)andmaintainingabalancedschedulecancollegestudentsensurethatanypart-timejobsor

businessventures

(2.商業(yè)活動(dòng))thattheyundertakedonot

endup

(3.最終導(dǎo)致)overtaking

(4.超過(guò))theiracademicstudies.

1-exercisecautionexercise這里取的是及物動(dòng)詞"讓……運(yùn)動(dòng)起來(lái)”.

詞典釋義：exerciseUK

['ek.s?.sa?z]

US

[-s?-]

note_panel

verb

USE

使用

ADVANCED

transitive

formal

■tousesomething

行使;運(yùn)用;使用

?I

exercised

mydemocratic

rightbynotvotingintheelection.在選舉中,我透過(guò)不投票的方式來(lái)行使我的民主權(quán)利.?Always

exercise

caution

whenhandlingradioactivesubstances.處理放射性物質(zhì)時(shí)要隨時(shí)小心謹(jǐn)慎.?We'vedecidedto

exercisetheoption(=usethepartofalegalagreement)tobuythehousewenowlease.我們已經(jīng)決定行使合約所賦予的買(mǎi)賣(mài)選擇權(quán),買(mǎi)下我們現(xiàn)在租住的房屋.

外刊例句：Thegovernmentiscurbingspeechonanotherfront.New

rulescameintoeffectinSeptemberrequiringuniversitiesthathostspeakers

"withextremistviewslinkedtoterroristgroups”toensurethattheyare

challengedbyothers.If"inanydoubtthattheriskcannotbefully

mitigateduniversitiesshould

exercise

caution

andnotallowtheeventtoproceed,”officialguidelinessay.

()政府正在其他方面打壓言論自由.新的相關(guān)政策將在九月份生效,它要求各大學(xué)若要邀請(qǐng)"持與恐怖分子相關(guān)極端見(jiàn)解”的人進(jìn)行演講,得確保有其他人在他們演講時(shí)提出質(zhì)疑.官方的指導(dǎo)方針指出"大學(xué)如果無(wú)法確定能緩和這些活動(dòng)的危險(xiǎn),則應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎行事,取消這些活動(dòng)”.

替換表達(dá)：becautious

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

keep/remain/maintaincaution點(diǎn)評(píng)：搭配不當(dāng).沒(méi)有keep/remain/maintaincaution的說(shuō)法,這里可以改為exercisecaution

2-businessventures

詞典釋義：ventureUK

['ven.t??r]

US

[-t??]

noun

countable

IMPROVER

■anewactivity,usuallyinbusiness,whichinvolvesriskoruncertainty

(有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的)企業(yè);投機(jī)活動(dòng);商業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)?Sheadvisedustolookabroadformorelucrative

business

ventures.她建議我們?nèi)?guó)外尋找更有利可圖的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì).?Therearemany

joint

venturesbetweenAmericanandJapanesecompanies.有許多美日合資企業(yè).

外刊例句：Businessplansarerequirednotonlybynew

businessventures

butalsobyold

businessestryingsomethingnew.Proposedmergersandacquisitionsrequirea

detailedplanofthefutureofthemergedentity;aventureintoanewmarket

requiresabusinessplan;andsotoodoesthewindingdownortheturning

roundofanoldandtiredbusiness.

()無(wú)論是新型的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資企業(yè),還是力求創(chuàng)新的老牌企業(yè),它們都需要商業(yè)計(jì)劃.想要進(jìn)行合并或收購(gòu)其他公司對(duì)合并后的企業(yè)的未來(lái)發(fā)展有著詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃,而風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資企業(yè)要進(jìn)軍新市場(chǎng)也得有商業(yè)計(jì)劃,當(dāng)然那些老牌企業(yè)和夕陽(yáng)企業(yè)在轉(zhuǎn)型或縮減業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)也得有商業(yè)計(jì)劃.

替換表達(dá)：businessactivities

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

commercialventure點(diǎn)評(píng)：venture是可數(shù)名詞,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)在這里不可以單獨(dú)使用,應(yīng)該改為commercialventures

3-endupdoingendupdoing通常指意外的、或者不想要的結(jié)果.如果后跟介詞,通常是with/in/as

詞典釋義：endup

tobeinaparticularsituation,state,orplaceafteraseriesofevents,

especiallywhenyoudidnotplanit〔尤指經(jīng)歷一系列意料之外的事情后〕最終處于……?Hecameroundforacoffeeandweendedupinbedtogether.他是來(lái)喝咖啡的,到后來(lái)我們卻上了床.?Iwonderedwherethepictureswouldendupaftertheauction.我想知道那些畫(huà)拍賣(mài)后的最終去處.endupdoingsth.?Mostslimmersendupputtingweightbackon.大多數(shù)減肥的人最后又發(fā)胖了.

外刊例句：Commissionofficialsinsisttheyareencouragingbanksto

keepcross-borderoperationsgoingiftheyareprofitable.But,fretsPierre

Louis,acompetitionexpertatDechert,alawfirm,Europe'ssinglemarketin

bankingis"theinnocentbystander”thatmay

endupgetting

hurt.

()委員會(huì)的官員堅(jiān)稱(chēng),他們正鼓勵(lì)銀行如果尚能在跨界合作中獲利的話就該繼續(xù)進(jìn)行跨界合作.然而,法律公司Dechert的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法專(zhuān)家皮埃爾·路易斯擔(dān)心歐盟的單一市場(chǎng)在銀行業(yè)中會(huì)是"無(wú)辜的旁觀者”,它可能最終會(huì)意外受損.

替換表達(dá)：windupsomething/doingsomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

affectinthe

end/atlast點(diǎn)評(píng)：中式表達(dá).Affect是及物動(dòng)詞,不能當(dāng)成不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)用.(2)

consequently

makeacompacton點(diǎn)評(píng)：用詞錯(cuò)誤,compact作為名詞時(shí)是指"契約”,這里應(yīng)該改為impact

4-overtake這里的overtake可以指在重要程度上的"超過(guò)”.

詞典釋義：overtakeUK

[???.v?'te?k]

US

[?o?.v?-]

(overtook,

overtaken)

verb

GOPAST

超過(guò)

ADVANCED

transitive

■togopastsomethingbybeingagreateramountordegree

(數(shù)量或程度上)大于,超過(guò)?OurUSsaleshavenowovertakenoursalesinEurope.我們?cè)诿绹?guó)的銷(xiāo)售額現(xiàn)已超過(guò)了我們?cè)跉W洲的銷(xiāo)售額.?We'dplannedtoholdameetingtomorrow,but

eventshaveovertakenus(=thingshavechanged).我們本打算明天召開(kāi)一個(gè)會(huì)議,但情況發(fā)生了變化.

外刊例句：ThatistheyearthatChina'seconomywill

overtake

America'sifyoustickwith

thedefaultassumptionsinourmostrecentinteractivechart,whichallows

youtopluginyourownguesstimatesoffuturegrowthandinflationinthetwocountries,aswellastheexchangeratebetweenthem.

()我們最新的交互圖能讓你大膽估測(cè)中美兩國(guó)未來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),通貨膨脹以及兩國(guó)的貨幣匯率,而你如果對(duì)該圖做出的默認(rèn)假設(shè)深信不疑,那么(你可以認(rèn)為)到了那一年,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將超過(guò)美國(guó).

替換表達(dá)：surpass

Q：老師您好,overtake這里的用法是指在商業(yè)活動(dòng)和兼職上的時(shí)間不會(huì)超過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)么,查詢(xún)了overtake的用法感覺(jué)用法怪怪的不能理解A：studentsensurethatanypart-timejobsorbusinessventuresthattheyundertakedonotendupovertakingtheiracademicstudies是指學(xué)生要保證商業(yè)活動(dòng)和兼職活動(dòng)的重要性不會(huì)超過(guò)學(xué)習(xí).

Q：businessventures為什么要用venture呢?字典里查到的比較貼近的一層意思就是投機(jī)活動(dòng).A：businessventure是指有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的商業(yè)活動(dòng),商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)等,比如牛津詞典例句：Adisastrousbusinessventurelosthimthousandsofdollars.一個(gè)徹底失敗的經(jīng)營(yíng)項(xiàng)目使他損失嚴(yán)重.

3.學(xué)生在平衡學(xué)習(xí)和社交時(shí)碰到的問(wèn)題不是缺少時(shí)間,而是沒(méi)有有效地利用時(shí)間.學(xué)生應(yīng)該制定包括社交活動(dòng)和學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)任務(wù)在內(nèi)的時(shí)間表并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行,其中學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)任務(wù)要根據(jù)截止日期和其他相關(guān)因素安排優(yōu)先級(jí).Theproblemthatstudentsoftenencounterwhenattemptingto

balance(1.平衡)studyingandsocializingis

notthattimeislackingbut,rather(2.不是……而是……),thatitisusedinefficiently.Studentsshouldmakeandadheretoaschedulethatincludesbothsocialactivitiesandstudy-relatedtasks,withthelatterbeing

prioritized

(3.優(yōu)先安排)accordingto

duedate(4.截止日期)andotherrelevantfactors.

1-balanceAandB

詞典釋義：balance

ADVANCED

transitive

■togiveseveral

thingsequalamountsofimportance,timeormoneysothatasituationis

successful

權(quán)衡,斟酌?Istruggleto

balance

workandfamily

commitments.我努力地在工作和家庭責(zé)任之間尋求平衡.

外刊例句：Ledauniversitycluborsociety?Onitsownthatmightnot

benoteworthy,butifunderyourleadershipyourclubachievedsomething,

thatcouldbeworthincluding.Workedpart-timeinaburgerbar?Thatshows

youcan

balance

studyandwork.If

youbroughtinanewproductlinetogenerateextrasales,thatwouldbean

interestingachievementtohighlight.

()在大學(xué)俱樂(lè)部或?qū)W生會(huì)擔(dān)任過(guò)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)?這些組織本身可能不值一提,但它們?cè)谀愕念I(lǐng)導(dǎo)下取得了一定成就,那就值得一提了.在漢堡店做過(guò)兼職?這能說(shuō)明你可以兼顧學(xué)習(xí)和工作.你如果給該店開(kāi)發(fā)了新產(chǎn)品,并且增加了營(yíng)業(yè)額,那就真得把這有趣成就大書(shū)特書(shū)了.

替換表達(dá)：strike/keepabalancebetween…and…

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

encounterin

balancing點(diǎn)評(píng)：沒(méi)有encounterin

balancing的表達(dá),可以改為balance…and…

2-

not…butrather…not…butrather…是一個(gè)固定句式,含義是"不是……而是……”

詞典釋義：not…butrather…

usedtosaythatonethingisnottruebutadifferentthingistrue不是……而是……：?Theproblemisnottheirlackoffunding,butrathertheirlackofplanning.問(wèn)題不在于他們?nèi)鄙儋Y金,而在于缺乏計(jì)劃.

befundplan

外刊例句：YetMrPe?aisnotthemostunpopularleaderinLatin

America.Thatdubioushonourdoes

not

evenbelongtoVenezuela’sNicolásMaduro(21%)

but

rathertoLuisGuillermoSolísofCostaRica(10%),according

toConsultaMitofsky,aMexicanpollster.

()然而,佩納還不是拉丁美洲最不受歡迎的總統(tǒng).據(jù)墨西哥民意調(diào)查員米托夫斯凱所說(shuō),可能這個(gè)恥辱連委內(nèi)瑞拉的NicolásMaduro還沒(méi)"拿到”(21%),它屬于哥斯達(dá)黎加的

LuisGuillermoSolís(10%).

替換表達(dá)：Binsteadof/ratherthanA

3-beprioritized

詞典釋義：prioritize

(UK

usually

prioritise)

UK

[pra?'?r.?.ta?z]

US

[-'?：r.?-]

verb

intransitive

or

transitive

■todecidewhichofagroupofthingsarethemostimportantsothatyoucandealwiththemfirst

確定(事項(xiàng)的)優(yōu)先次序?Youmustlearnto

prioritize

yourwork.你必須學(xué)會(huì)確定事情的輕重緩急.

外刊例句：Thatrequiresenforcedregulation,whichalsomust

beprioritized.Weneedanddeserve

morefromtheEPAthanajanitorsweepingupafterpollutershaveleftthe

scene.

()這需要法規(guī)來(lái)約束,這也是當(dāng)務(wù)之急.我們需要也應(yīng)該得到美國(guó)國(guó)家環(huán)保局(EPA)的幫助,而不是打掃現(xiàn)場(chǎng)遺留垃圾的環(huán)衛(wèi)工.

替換表達(dá)：begivenpreference/priorityoversomething

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

arrangethe

priororder點(diǎn)評(píng)：中式表達(dá),這里可以改為be

prioritized/begivenpriority

4-duedatedue作為形容詞的含義大部分中國(guó)學(xué)生還是比較陌生的,可以多觀察詞典例句.

詞典釋義：dueUK

[dju：]

US

[du：]

adjective

EXPECTED

預(yù)計(jì)的

ESSENTIAL

■expectedtohappen,arrive,etc.ataparticulartime

預(yù)計(jì)的,預(yù)期的?Whattimeisthenextbus

due?

下一班公車(chē)甚么時(shí)候來(lái)??Thenextmeetingis

due

to

beheldinthree

months'time.下次會(huì)議預(yù)計(jì)將在三個(gè)月后召開(kāi).?Theirfirstbabyis

due

inJanuary.他們的第一個(gè)孩子預(yù)產(chǎn)期在一月份.

duedate

noun

[singular]

thedateonwhichsomethingisplannedorexpectedtohappen,for

examplewhenmoneymustbepaidorwhenapregnantwomanexpectstohaveher

baby

Thesaurus：deadlinesandtimelimitssynonym

外刊例句：Thereisanotherheadache.Bycoincidence,CHIEFisdueto

bereplacedbyanewsysteminMarch2019,the

duedate

forBrexit.Designedtocopewith60mcustoms

declarationsayearthiswillnowhavetocopewithabout300m.Theproject

alreadyseemstobeintrouble.

()還有另外一個(gè)令人頭痛的問(wèn)題.新系統(tǒng)預(yù)計(jì)在2019年3月取代CHIEF系統(tǒng),剛巧是英國(guó)真正脫歐的預(yù)計(jì)時(shí)間.CHIEF系統(tǒng)原本設(shè)計(jì)用來(lái)應(yīng)付每年6000萬(wàn)份海關(guān)申報(bào),現(xiàn)在可能得應(yīng)付3億份.這計(jì)劃應(yīng)該陷入困境.

替換表達(dá)：theclosingdate/thedeadline

Q：制定優(yōu)先級(jí),prioritize.如何能夠查到某個(gè)詞的動(dòng)詞形式,或者名詞或者形容詞形式.我知道優(yōu)先priority,但不知道這個(gè)詞的動(dòng)詞形式.A：可以積累常見(jiàn)名詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律,也可以上谷歌搜索"名詞+verbform”,比如搜索priorityverbform就可以看到答案了.

Q：第二條的逗號(hào)是不是應(yīng)該點(diǎn)在but前面?A：寫(xiě)成isnotthattimeislackingbut,rather,thatitis

usedinefficiently或者isnotthattimeislacking,but

ratherthatitisusedinefficiently都可以.這里只是語(yǔ)言表達(dá)習(xí)慣的問(wèn)題.

Theproblemthatstudentsoftenencounterwhenattempting

tobalancestudyingandsocializingisnotthattimeislackingbut,rather,

thatitisusedinefficiently.

[分析]本句是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu),其主干為T(mén)heproblem…isnotthat…butrather…that….其主語(yǔ)部分為T(mén)heproblemthatstudents

oftenencounterwhenattemptingtobalancestudyingandsocializing,其中包含了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞Theproblem,在定語(yǔ)從句又包含了一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,注意這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)省略句,還原完整為when

(theyare)attemptingtobalancestudyingandsocializing.表語(yǔ)部分中,not…butrather…連接了兩個(gè)名詞性從句thattimeislacking和thatitisused

inefficiently,對(duì)前者進(jìn)行否定,而肯定了后者.

4.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),把大量時(shí)間花在學(xué)習(xí)上的孩子會(huì)打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的學(xué)術(shù)基礎(chǔ).類(lèi)似自然科學(xué)等復(fù)雜的科目需要廣闊的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,花在看書(shū)和做練習(xí)上的時(shí)間越多,孩子就越有可能更好地掌握該科目.很多成年人回首往事,后悔不已,希望自己在學(xué)校時(shí)更努力,學(xué)到更多.孩子通常意識(shí)不到學(xué)習(xí)的重要性,很多人都需要被敦促.Thereislittledoubtthatchildrenwhospendasignificantamountoftimestudyingwill

developastrongfoundationinacademia(1.打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的學(xué)術(shù)基礎(chǔ)).Complexsubjectslikesciencerequire

awidebreadthofknowledge

(2.廣闊的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備)andthemoretimespentreadingbooksanddoingexercisesthebetterachild's

grasp

(3.掌握)ofthesubjectislikelytobe.Manyadults

lookbackupon

(4.回首)theirchildhoodwithregret,wishingtheyhadtriedharderatschoolandachievedmore.Childrenoftendonotrealizetheimportanceofstudyandmanyneedtobepushed.

1-developastrongfoundationinacademia

詞典釋義：academia[??k.?'di：.mi.?]

noun

uncountable

■thepartofsociety,especiallyuniversities,thatis

connectedwithstudyingandthinking,ortheactivityorjobofstudying

(尤指大學(xué))學(xué)術(shù)界;學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng);學(xué)術(shù)工作?AgraduateoflawandeconomicsfromMoscowState

University,hehadspenthislife

in

academia.他畢業(yè)于莫斯科國(guó)立大學(xué),修讀法律和經(jīng)濟(jì),畢生都傾注在學(xué)術(shù)研究上.

外刊例句：ButsternnessandreservecouldnothavebeenWashington's

chiefqualities,orhewouldneverhaverisensofar.MrEllisshowsaman

guidedbyconvictionandambition.Oddly,hisrevolutionaryleaningshad

astrongfoundationin

homeeconomics.

()然而,如果華盛頓最重要的個(gè)人品格是頑強(qiáng)和慎言,他也就不會(huì)聲名鵲起得這么快.埃利斯先生給我們展示了一個(gè)生性堅(jiān)定且雄心勃勃的人該是怎樣的.但奇怪的是,華盛頓的革命意識(shí)卻根植于家政學(xué).

替換表達(dá)：layastrongfoundationof/for、givesba

solidfoundationof/for

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

makeasolid

academicbase點(diǎn)評(píng)：搭配不當(dāng),沒(méi)有makea

base這樣的表達(dá),可以說(shuō)layasolidbaseforacademicstudies(2)

set

foundation點(diǎn)評(píng)：意思不完整,可以改為develop

astrongfoundationinacademia

2-awidebreadthofknowledge

詞典釋義：breadth[bredθ]

/bretθ]

nounonlysingular

■whensomethingincludesmanydifferentthings,features,

subjectsorqualities

廣泛性,廣度?The

breadth

ofherknowledgeisamazing.她知識(shí)淵博,令人驚訝.?Heshowedanastonishing

breadthoflearningfor

onesoyoung.他年紀(jì)輕輕就顯示出知識(shí)的淵博,很令人吃驚.

外刊例句：MrParks’spersonalstakeinthecivil-rightsmovement

allowedhimtogainanintimacywithhissubjectsthatwasn’tpossiblefor

otherphotographers;butitwashisabilitytotranscendthatandmaster

awidebreadthof

subjectmatterthat

shouldmakehisnameasmemorableasthoseofIrvingPenn,SteveMcCurry,

RichardAvedonandhisotherwhitecounterparts.

()帕克先生得益于其在人權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)中的個(gè)人聲望,能夠親密接觸到那些其他攝影師難以觸及的拍攝對(duì)象,但也正是他非凡的攝影能力和對(duì)該群體廣闊的知識(shí)才讓他的名字能與諸如歐文·佩恩、史蒂夫·麥考利和理查德·埃維頓等其他白人攝影師一樣流芳百世.

替換表達(dá)：extensiveknowledgeofsomething/awideknowledgeofsomething/

awiderangeofknowledge

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

abroad

knowledgestorage/stores點(diǎn)評(píng)：中式表達(dá),knowledge與storage不可以搭配,這里可以改為awiderangeof

knowledge(2)

wide/vast/

profoundknowledgereserve點(diǎn)評(píng)：中式表達(dá),knowledge與reserve不可以搭配.

3-grasp注意grasp這里是名詞.

詞典釋義：graspUK

[grɑ：sp]

US

[gr?sp]

noununcountable

■theabilityto

get,achieveorkeepsomething

力所能及;掌握,把握

?Thepresidencyatlastlooked

within

her

grasp

(=Itlookedpossiblethatshemightbecomepresident).終于,總裁的職位對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)似乎伸手可及.?Whyissuccessalways

beyond

my

grasp

(=impossibletoget)?

為甚么我總是功敗垂成??Thegoldmedal

slippedfrom

his

grasp

(=Hewasunabletogetit)inthelastmomentsoftherace.在比賽最后一刻他與金牌失之交臂.?Isometimesthinkthathe's

losing

his

grasp

on

reality(=hisabilitytojudgewhatisrealandwhatisnot).有時(shí)我覺(jué)得他認(rèn)不清現(xiàn)實(shí).

外刊例句：Byalargemargintheyratehisoveralleconomicplanmore

highlythanMrRomney’s,credithimwith

a

bettergraspof

economics,andthinkhimmorelikelytoappointagood

economicteam.

()他們對(duì)該整體經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃評(píng)價(jià)甚高,遠(yuǎn)高于魯尼先生的,贊他更懂得管理經(jīng)濟(jì),認(rèn)為他很可能會(huì)任命一支優(yōu)秀的經(jīng)濟(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì).

替換表達(dá)：understanding

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

handle點(diǎn)評(píng)：handle是指"應(yīng)付(局面),處理(難題)”,沒(méi)有"掌握知識(shí)”這一層含義.

4-lookbackupon

詞典釋義：

tothinkaboutsomethingthathappenedinthepast

回憶,追憶,回想

?WhenI

look

backIcanseewherewewent

wrong.

回過(guò)頭來(lái)看,我可以看出我們錯(cuò)在哪里.?Itwasn'tsuchabadexperiencewhenI

look

back

on

it.

現(xiàn)在回想起來(lái),我覺(jué)得那并不是一段特別糟糕的經(jīng)歷.

外刊例句：Ourpolitical,culturalandeconomicconversationstoday

overflowwiththelanguageofdecayandcorrosion,asifourbodypoliticis

itselfanageingboomer

lookingback

upon

hisglorydays.

()我們現(xiàn)在談到