新教材適用2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit3SeaExplorationSectionⅣ單元寫作夯基提能作業(yè)新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

UNIT3SectionⅣⅠ.閱讀理解(2024·山西省名校高二月考)SomewhereneartheNorthPole,inasmalltentonafloatingice,BorgeOusland'ssatellitephonebuzzed.ItwasNovember20,2024,andOusland,theleadingpolarexplorerofhisgeneration,andadventurerMikeHornhadsetouttwomonthsearlierwithangreatgoal:toskiacrossthetopoftheworld.They'dbeenintotalisolation(孤立)eversince,makingtheirway,stepbystep,alongtheincreasinglyfragile(易碎的)icefloatingovertheArcticOcean.Itwasoneofthemostdaringpolarjourneysinhistory—andthemenwereintrouble.Theicewasbreakingaroundthem,openingingapingcracks(裂縫),themostcriticalchallenge.Notasingleshiporfishingboatwasaroundthere.Slowedbythepoorconditions,thesledstheypulledwerenearlyemptyoffood.Horn'sfrostbittenhands,virtuallyuselessinthecold,weredangerouslyinfected.Nowtheirexpedition(探險)manager,LarsEbbesen,wasonthephonefromNorwaywithalifeline.ApassingNorwegianicebreakerhappenedtobeintheseanorthofSvalbardandwouldbrieflybeinpositiontoserveasarefuelingplatformforahelicopter(直升機(jī))toreachthem.Foronedayonly,theycouldberescued.ShouldhegivetheOKtostarttherescue?Ebbesen,whohadworkedwithOuslandforyears,hadneverheardhimsoexhaustedand“intohisresources”．YetthelegendaryArcticstrongman,speakinginawearytone,didnothesitateorconsulthispartner,“No,wewillcontinue.”Newspapersactivelycoveredthemen'sdaringjourneyacrossfrontpagesandTVnewsbroadcastregularupdates.Ousland'ssonwashavingtroublesleepingandtoldreportersthatat57hisfatherwas“notasyoungashewasbefore”．Ousland'smother,whohadneverbeforefelttheneedtocallEbbesenandcheckonhersonduringexpeditions,rangoverandover.Butthetwochosetocontinueandluckilyenoughtheyfinallyarrivedatnorthpoleandattainedenormouspreciousphotosthere.After87daysinArcticisolation,thetwomencamebackanddeliveredatelevisioninterview.Peoplehonouredthemasnationalheroes.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了探險家Ousland和Horn不畏艱難險阻勇于挑戰(zhàn)自我，去北極探險和攝影的勵志故事。1.Whatisakeytroublefacingthetwomen?DA．Theyrunoutoffoodandenergy.B．Horn'shandsweretotallyuseless.C．Theirhealthwasinpoorcondition.D．Floatingicekeptcrackingaroundthem.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Theicewasbreakingaroundthem,openingingapingcracks(裂縫),themostcriticalchallenge.(他們四周的冰正在裂開，裂開了很多裂縫，這是最嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，這兩個人面臨的最主要的麻煩是他們身邊正在裂開的浮冰。故選D。2.Whatwouldbesenttorescuethemiftheyhadagreed?AA．Ahelicopter. B．Arescueteam.C．Anicebreaker. D．Afishingboat.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句話(一艘路過的挪威破冰船碰巧在斯瓦爾巴特群島以北的海疆，并將短暫地作為直升機(jī)加油平臺到達(dá)他們。)可知，假如他們同意的話，一架直升機(jī)將會前往救援。故選A。3.HowdoesOusland'ssonfeelaboutthejourney?CA．Inspired. B．Satisfied.C．Concerned. D．Interested.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Ousland'ssonwashavingtroublesleepingandtoldreportersthatat57hisfatherwas‘notasyoungashewasbefore’．(Ousland的兒子失眠，他告知記者，57歲的父親‘不像以前那么年輕了’。)”可知，Ousland的兒子對他們的行程特別的擔(dān)憂。故選C。4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?CA．PeopleHaveGreatInterestinNorthPoleExpeditionB．TheExplorationConditionsofNorthPoleAreToughC．TwoBraveMenMadeanExcitingTriptotheNorthPoleD．TwoFamousExplorersWereSavedDuringTheirExploration解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)第一段及全文可知，文章講解并描述了探險家Ousland和Horn不畏艱難險阻勇于挑戰(zhàn)自我，去北極探險和攝影的勵志故事。所以C選項(兩位勇士做了一次激烈人心的去往北極的旅行)作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2024·湖南省部分學(xué)校高三聯(lián)考)Workingonshipsisnotaneasytaskanddissatisfactionanddeactivationcaneasilybedevelopedamongseafarersasaresultofvariouskindsofstresses.1.ATherefore,captainshouldtakeadditionalstepsasmentionedbelowtoensurethatallteammembersarecomfortablewitheachotherbothonandoffwork.Themorningmeeting,whichisconductedtoassignworktoteammembers,isthebesttimetogetallthecrewmemberstogether.Itisnecessarythatcrewmemberstalktoeachotherduringsuchmeetings.2.DThisactivitygivesmembersasenseofresponsibilityandimportance.Italsoworksagreatdealinimprovingtheirperformanceandinterpersonalrelationship.On-boardtrainingprogramisyetanotherimportantopportunitytogetcrewmemberstogethertoinstructimportantworkingknowledgeorconductsafetycommitteemeetings.3.FSpendfreetimetogether.Itisoftenseenthatpostworkinghours,officersandcrewmembersspendtimeintheirownroomsinsteadofgettingtogetherinofficesorcrewlounge.Watchingmoviesandplayinggamesinfreetimeisasolidwaytoknoweachotherandbuildgreatrelationshipsbothonandoffwork.4.CPartyisagreatmethodtobondpeopletogetherandimprovescarredrelationshipsonboardships.However,itisnecessarythattheyarearrangedinsuchawaythatmaximumcrewisabletoparticipate.Festivalcelebrationsarealsoagreatwaytoenhanceinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenpeopleonboard.Theabove-mentionedmethodsaresomeofthemainonesthatareusedonboardtostrengthenrelationshipsonboardships.5.EAnditwouldalsoimproveproductivityandemploymentsatisfaction.A．Duringsuchsituation,itisuptocaptain.B．A“one-man-show”cannotrunthewholeship.C．Everyonelikestopartyandunwindonceinawhile.D．Eachmembershouldbegivenachancetoprovidesuggestions.E．Doingthiswouldensuresmoothandsafeoperationsoftheship.F．Captainshouldarrangethetrainingformaximumcrewmemberstoparticipate.G．Thisisthemostimportantsteptowardsdevelopinginterpersonalrelationshiponboardships.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了在船上工作時確保全部的團(tuán)隊成員在工作時間和工作之外都能和諧相處的四個有效策略。解析：1．選項中的“Duringsuchsituation”指的是上文船員的狀況。依據(jù)下文“Therefore,captainshouldtakeadditionalsteps...(因此，船長應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行額外的步驟……)”可知，船員產(chǎn)生的這種狀況，歸根結(jié)底是由船長負(fù)責(zé)的。A選項(在這種狀況下，該由船長負(fù)責(zé)。)承上啟下。且選項中的captain與下一句主語對應(yīng)。故選A。2．設(shè)空處前后文探討都是建議船員在morningmeeting中的做法,故設(shè)空處內(nèi)容一樣，故D選項(每個成員都應(yīng)當(dāng)有機(jī)會提出建議。)符合題意。故選D。3．由上文(船上培訓(xùn)支配是另一個重要的機(jī)會，讓機(jī)組人員聚在一起指導(dǎo)重要的工作學(xué)問或?qū)嵭衅桨参瘑T會會議。)可知，F(xiàn)選項(船長應(yīng)支配訓(xùn)練以使最多的船員能夠參與。)切題。選項中的thetraining指前文的on-boardtrainingprogram。故選F。4．本空在段首，是主旨句。依據(jù)內(nèi)容可知，本段以聚會和節(jié)日慶祝為例說明在船上間或聚會和放松一下也可以確保全部的團(tuán)隊成員能和諧相處，C選項(每個人都喜愛間或聚會和放松一下。)切題。且選項中party詞匯再現(xiàn)。故選C。5．E選項(這樣做可以確保船舶的平穩(wěn)和平安運(yùn)行。)承接上文，點(diǎn)明這些方法好處的一方面。同時與下文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，引出這些方法好處的另一方面。故選E。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·山東濰坊一模)AnuarAbdullahisa61-year-olddivinginstructorinMalaysia.Whenheisn't1.Ahe'sbackoutinthewater2.D,studying,andrestoringcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)．Now,asclimatechangebecomesan3.Cthreat,governments,corporations,andothersarecomingtohimfor4.A.Abdullahhasnodegreeinmarinebiologyor5.Btraining—justanamountofexperience.Injustthepastdecade,thousandshave6.Dtohimtolearnhowtogrowcorals,andhenowhasaround700volunteers7.Dandhasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs.In2017,Thailand'sgovernmentaskedAbdullahto8.Atherecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions,MayaBay,becauseithad9.Bhalfitscoralpopulation.10.AwerekeptoutofthesiteforthreeyearswhileAbdullahledateamof120peoplein11.Cnewcorals.In2024,afterTyphoonRai,theislandofCebuinthePhilippinesaskedAbdullahtosavewhatwas12.Boftheshoreline'scoralreefs.Andearlierthisyear,Abdullahlaunchedanewefforttobuildtheworld'slargestcoralnurseryintheRedSea.Therewasa13.BonthenurseryattheU．N.climatechangesummit(峰會),COP27,butAbdullahdidnotattend.He14.Dconferences,hesays.Andhehad15.Ctodo.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。主要講的是AnuarAbdullah幫助修復(fù)珊瑚礁的事跡。1.A．teaching B．divingC．learning D．reporting解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他不教學(xué)的時候，他就會回到水中視察、探討和修復(fù)珊瑚礁。依據(jù)上文“a61-year-olddivinginstructor”可知，他教潛水。A．teaching教；B.diving潛水；C.learning學(xué)習(xí)；D.reporting報道。故選A。2.A．picking B．judgingC．describing D．observing解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。依據(jù)下文“studying,andrestoringcoralreefs”可知，當(dāng)他不教學(xué)的時候，他就會回到水中視察、探討和修復(fù)珊瑚礁。A．picking撿；B.judging推斷；C.describing描述；D.observing視察。故選D。3.A．early B．a(chǎn)rtificialC．a(chǎn)pparent D．uncertain解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，隨著氣候改變成為一個明顯的威逼，政府、公司和其他人都向他尋求幫助。依據(jù)空后政府、公司和其他人都向他尋求幫助，可知?dú)夂蚋淖兂蔀橐粋€明顯的威逼。A．early早期的；B.artificial人造的；C.apparent明顯的；D.uncertain不確定的。故選C。4.A．help B．moneyC．power D．honor解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。依據(jù)上文隨著氣候改變成為一個明顯的威逼，政府、公司和其他人都向他尋求幫助。依據(jù)第三段中“...thousandshave6tohimtolearnhowtogrowcorals,andhenowhasaround700volunteers7andhasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs.”可知，他知道如何種植珊瑚，人們向他求助。A．help幫助；B.money錢；C.power力氣；D.honor榮譽(yù)。故選A。5.A．temporary B．formalC．natural D．complex解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Abdullah沒有海洋生物學(xué)學(xué)位，也沒有接受過正規(guī)培訓(xùn)，只是有肯定的閱歷。依據(jù)上文“...hasnodegreeinmarinebiologyor...”可知，Abdullah沒有接受過正規(guī)培訓(xùn)。A．temporary短暫的；B.formal正式的；C.natural自然的；Dplex困難的。故選B。6.A．devoted B．ledC．backed D．traveled解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的十年里，成千上萬的人去他那里學(xué)習(xí)如何種植珊瑚，現(xiàn)在他有大約700名志愿者在行動，已經(jīng)復(fù)原了數(shù)百英畝的珊瑚礁。依據(jù)上文“governments,corporations,andothersarecomingtohim...”可知，成千上萬的人去他那里學(xué)習(xí)如何種植珊瑚，traveltosb.意為“去找某人”。A．devoted奉獻(xiàn)；B.led引導(dǎo)；C.backed倒退；D.traveled移動，旅行。故選D。7.A．a(chǎn)tonce B．a(chǎn)tfirstC．indemand D．inaction解析：考查固定短語辨析。句意同上。依據(jù)下文“hasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs”可知，現(xiàn)在他有大約700名志愿者在行動，已經(jīng)復(fù)原了數(shù)百英畝的珊瑚礁。A．a(chǎn)tonce立即；B.atfirst起初；C.indemand特別須要的；D.inaction在行動。故選D。8.A．initiate B．evaluateC．highlight D．justify解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2017年，泰國政府要求Abdullah起先復(fù)原該國最聞名的旅游景點(diǎn)之一瑪雅灣，因?yàn)槟抢锏纳汉鲾?shù)量已經(jīng)削減了一半。依據(jù)賓語“therecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions,MayaBay”可知，“啟動”符合語境。A．initiate啟動；B.evaluate評估；C.highlight突出；D.justify為……辯解。故選A。9.A．regained B．lostC．increased D．removed解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。依據(jù)上文“therecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions”可知，那里的珊瑚數(shù)量已經(jīng)“失去”了一半，符合語境。A．regained復(fù)原；B.lost失去；C.increased增加；D.removed去除。故選B。10.A．Visitors B．ResearchersC．Volunteers D．Officials解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在Abdullah帶領(lǐng)120人的團(tuán)隊種植新珊瑚期間，游客被禁止進(jìn)入該地點(diǎn)3年。設(shè)空后的thesite指的是前文的“mostfamoustouristattractions,MayaBay”，故團(tuán)隊修復(fù)該地時，visitors(游客)被禁止進(jìn)入恰當(dāng)。A．Visitors游客；B.Researchers探討者；C.Volunteers志愿者；D.Officials官員。故選A。11.A．guarding B．decoratingC．planting D．maintaining解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。依據(jù)上文“ithad9halfitscoralpopulation”可知，要修復(fù)那個景點(diǎn)就要種珊瑚。A．guarding保衛(wèi)；B.decorating裝飾；C.planting種植；D.maintaining保持。故選C。12.A．hidden B．leftC．preserved D．ruined解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2024年，臺風(fēng)Rai過后，菲律賓宿務(wù)島要求Abdullah挽救海岸線上僅存的珊瑚礁。依據(jù)上文“afterTyphoonRai”可知，挽救海岸線上“剩下的”珊瑚礁，符合語境。A．hidden躲藏；B.left留下；C.preserved保存；D.ruined破壞。故選B。13.A．contest B．presentationC．course D．topic解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在聯(lián)合國氣候改變峰會COP27上有一個關(guān)于這個苗圃的報告，但Abdullah沒有參與。依據(jù)下文“conferences”可知，在聯(lián)合國氣候改變峰會COP27上有一個關(guān)于這個苗圃的報告。A．contest競賽；B.presentation報告；C.course課程；D.topic題目。故選B。14.A．witnesses B．recordsC．schedules D．hates解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他厭煩開會。依據(jù)上文“Abdullahdidnotattend”可知，他厭煩開會。A．witnesses目擊；B.records記錄；C.schedules支配；D.hates厭煩。故選D。15.A．interviews B．tripsC．work D．trade解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他有工作要做。依據(jù)上文“Abdullahdidnotattend”和下文設(shè)空處的定語“todo”可知，他沒有參與報告會，是因?yàn)橛泄ぷ饕觥．interviews面試；B.trips旅行；C.work工作；D.trade貿(mào)易。故選C。Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofasciencefictionfilm.However,thatisexactly1.howfournewspeciesofsharksmoveacrosstheseafloor.They2.werediscovered(discover)byateamofscientistsduringa12-yearstudy,ledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia'sUniversityofQueensland.Thespecies3.found(find)inthetropicalwatersnearAustraliabelongtotheHemiscyllium,thesamefamilyasthepreviouslyknownfivespecies.Thesharkshaveevolved4.tosurvive(survive)inlow-oxygenenvironments,enablingthemtohuntduringlowtides.Theresearchersholdthebeliefthat5.the/theirabilitytousefinstowalkacrossthewateraffordsthesharksagreatadvantage6.overthesmalleranimalstheyhunt.ADNAanalysisofskinsamplesfromthelivesharksoffers7.evidence(evident)thatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheirglidingbrothersandsisters8.millions(million)ofyearsagoandgraduallybecamea9pletely(complete)differentspecies.Dudgeonandherteambelievewalkingsharksarethe10.youngest(young)kindofsharksonEarth!語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。探討人員在澳大利亞旁邊水域發(fā)覺了四個新的鯊魚物種，這些鯊魚不是在水中游泳，而是在水底用鰭行走。解析：1．考查名詞性從句。然而，那正是這四個新鯊魚物種在海底移動的方式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，表示“如何”。故填how。2．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處表示過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去式；They和discover存在被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。故填werediscovered。3．考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞belongto，此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞形式；species和find存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且表示動作已經(jīng)完成，故此處應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填found。4．考查非謂語動詞。句中已有謂語動詞haveevolved,故空處是非謂語動詞；依據(jù)語境可知，此處表示進(jìn)化的目的，應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語。故填tosurvive。5．考查冠詞/代詞。ability后有定語對其進(jìn)行說明說明，表示這四個新鯊魚物種行走的實(shí)力，應(yīng)是特指，要用定冠詞the，此處也可用their表示所屬關(guān)系。故填the/their。6．考查介詞。advantage意為“優(yōu)勢”，表示“比……有利”時，advantage后常用介詞over。故填over。7．考查名詞。設(shè)空處作動詞賓語，應(yīng)用名詞evidence“證據(jù)”，此處evidence是不行數(shù)名詞。故填evidence。8．考查數(shù)詞。