過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)一、概念過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)作（不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否完成）。二、結(jié)構(gòu)1.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成例如:Wewerehavingsupperwhenthephonerang.我們正在吃晚飯時(shí)電話(huà)響了?2.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定式由“was/werenot+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成?例如:ThistimeyesterdayJackwasnotwatchingTV.Hewasrepairinghisbike.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候,杰克不是在看電視,而是在修理自行車(chē)?3.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問(wèn)式由“was/were+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞?”構(gòu)成?例如:Wereyouplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon?昨天下午四點(diǎn)你們?cè)诖蚧@球嗎?三、基本用法1.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.他看書(shū)時(shí)睡著了。2.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語(yǔ)氣委婉、客氣。如：Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.我不知你能否讓我搭一下車(chē)?！咀ⅰ恳话氵^(guò)去時(shí)也有類(lèi)似用法，但比較而言，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)顯得更客氣，更不肯定。3.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示感情色彩與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相似，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示滿(mǎn)意、稱(chēng)贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩，也通常與always,forever,continually等副詞連用。如：Theywerealwaysquarrelling.他們老是吵架。4.動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示過(guò)去一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)或暫時(shí)的狀態(tài)。Hewasfriendly.他很友好。(指過(guò)去長(zhǎng)期如此)Hewasbeingfriendly.他當(dāng)時(shí)顯得很友好。(指當(dāng)時(shí)一時(shí)的表現(xiàn))四、特殊用法1、當(dāng)句子意思很清楚時(shí)，我們也可以把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都換成一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Welistenedcarefullywhiletheteacherreadthetext.老師讀課文時(shí)，我們都仔細(xì)地聽(tīng)著。2、除表示過(guò)去時(shí)間外，還可表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去、過(guò)去的將來(lái)和現(xiàn)在的將來(lái)。如：（1）Heaskedtheorganizationtoreducehissalarytotheoriginalamounthewasreceiving.他要求組織將他的工資減少到原來(lái)的水平。（表過(guò)去的過(guò)去）（2）Hetoldmethathewasgoingsoon.他告訴我他很快就要走了。（表過(guò)去的將來(lái)）此用法表示按計(jì)劃、安排過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的事。用come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。（3）Hesaidhewascomingthisevening.(表將來(lái))3、表示故事發(fā)生的背景。Itwassnowingasthemedicalteammadeitswaytothefront.那支醫(yī)療小組往前線(xiàn)行進(jìn)時(shí)，天正下著雪。4、表示一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作剛剛開(kāi)始。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)引出一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作，這種用法有點(diǎn)兒像鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)換。Fiveminuteslater,hewasstandingatthedoor,smoking.5分鐘后，他已站在門(mén)口抽著煙。5、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)還可和when結(jié)構(gòu)遙相呼應(yīng)，含有意外之意。Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊我。6、用來(lái)陳述原因或用作借口。Shewenttothedoctoryesterday.Shewashavingalotoftroublewithherheart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很?chē)?yán)重的心臟病。7、與always,constantly等詞連用，表示感情色彩。Thegirlwasalwayschanginghermind.這女孩老是改變主意。8、在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.他邊等車(chē)邊看報(bào)。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦車(chē)時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)9、通常不能用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：感官動(dòng)詞：hear,see,notice,feel,taste……表示態(tài)度感情的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate……表心理狀態(tài)：feel,want,prefer……表占有：own,have,……表存在狀態(tài)和持續(xù)：look,owe,be……例如：Iwasknowingtheanswer.Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。Iwasn‘tunderstandinghim.Ididn‘tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。when和while的用法區(qū)別1、when是atorduringthetimethat,既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間；while是duringthetimethat，只指一段時(shí)間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。2、when說(shuō)明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過(guò)程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。3、由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用while引導(dǎo)，如：Whentheteachercamein,weweretalking.當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為：Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.Theyweresingingwhileweweredancing.一.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Itwaswarm,soI_______(take)offmycoat.2．Jane___________(wait)formewhenI______(arrive).3．MybrothercameintothebedroomwhileI????_________(dance).4．_______he________(lie)onthegroundatnineyesterdayevening?5．What_____Jim__________(write)whentheteachercamein?6．MikeandI________(play)basketballatthattimeyesterdayafternoon.7．IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She______(work)ataradioshopatthetime.8.WhenIarrivedathisoffice,he______onthephone.(speak)9.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.10.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.11.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.12.We__________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.13.She__________(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers________________(all,work)inthefields.14.Whilemother________(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell________(ring).15.AsI__________(walk)inthepark,it__________(begin)torain.16.Evenwhenshe___________(be)achildshe________________(already,think)ofbecomingaballerina(芭蕾舞演員).17.Itwasquitelateatnight.George__________(read)andAmy__________(ply)herneedlewhenthey__________(hear)aknockatthedoor.18.There__________(be)agrouproundthefirewhenthey__________(reach)it.Anoldwoman__________(sit)onthegroundnearthekettle;twosmallchildren__________(lie)nearher;adonkey__________(bend)hisheadoveratallgirl.19.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.20.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.21.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.22.We__________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.23.She__________(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers________________(all,work)inthefields.24.Whilemother________(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell________(ring).25.AsI__________(walk)inthepark,it__________(begin)torain.26.Evenwhenshe___________(be)achildshe________________(already,think)ofbecomingaballerina(芭蕾舞演員).27.Itwasquitelateatnight.George__________(read)andAmy__________(ply)herneedlewhenthey__________(hear)aknockatthedoor.28.There__________(be)agrouproundthefirewhenthey__________(reach)it.Anoldwoman__________(sit)onthegroundnearthekettle;twosmallchildren__________(lie)nearher;adonkey__________(bend)hisheadoveratallgirl.二、選擇題。1.I______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.a.cooked,wereringingb.wascooking,rangc.wascooking,wereringingd.cooked,rang2.Hesaidhe_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.a.triesb.triedc.wastryingd.willtry3.Whileshe______TV,she______asoundoutsidetheroom.a.waswatching,washearingb.watched,washearingc.watched,heardd.waswatching,heard4.They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.a.werewatchingb.watchc.watchedd.arewatching5.Whatbook____you______whenI____youatfouryesterdayafternoon?a.did,read,wasseeingb.did,read,sawc.were,reading,sawd.were,reading,wasseeing6.ItwasFridayevening.MrandMrs.Green_____readytoflytoEngland.a.aregettingb.getc.weregettingd.got7.LeiFeng_____always_____ofotherswhenhe______inthearmy.a.is,thinking,wasb.was,thinking,isc.did,think,isd.was,thinking,was8..Agirl______mypenfalloffthetablewhenshe_____me.a.saw,passedb.wasseeing,passedc.wasseeing,passedd.wasseeing,waspassing9.We____fortomattenlastSunday.Heoftenkeptus______.a.werewaiting,waitingb.werewaiting,waitc.waited,waitingd.waited,wait10.He____hisfatheronthefarmthewholeafternoonlastSaturday.a.helpsb.wouldhelpc.washelpingd.ishelping11.Whilemother_______somewashing,I_____akiteforKate.a.did,madeb.wasdoing,madec.wasdoing,wasmakingd.did,wasmaking12.“_______youangrythen?”“they______toomuchnoise.”a.are,weremakingb.were,weremakingc.are,maded.were,made13.He____somecookingatthattime,so_____mea.did,heardb.did,didn’thearc.wasdoing,heardd.wasdoing,didn’thear14.Thistimeyesterdayjack_____hisbike.He_____TVa.repaired,didn’twatchb.wasrepairing,watchedc.repaired,watchedd.wasrepairing,wasn’twatching15.Hisparentswantedtoknowhowhe_____onwithhisnewclassmates.a.wasgettingb.getsc.isgettingd.willget16.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding17.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslookingB.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlookedD.wasslipping,looked18.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.A.hadseen,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.hadseen,pickedD.saw,waspicking19.Idon'tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared20.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked21.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I'mterriblysorry.________.A.I'mnotnoticingB.Iwasn'tnoticingC.Ihaven'tnoticedD.Idon'tnotice22.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel23.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.hadbeenhavingC.havebeenhavingD.washaving24.WhenIarrivedathisoffice,he___onthephone.A.wasspeakingB.spokeC.hadbeenspeakingD.hadspoken25.“What'sthematter,Ali?Youlooksad.”“Oh,nothingmuch.Asamat