中小學(xué)-初中英語(yǔ)復(fù)合句-課件

中考考點(diǎn)之--ComplexSentences復(fù)合句

TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英語(yǔ)教材中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有：TheObjectClause

(賓語(yǔ)從句)、TheAdverbialClause

(狀語(yǔ)從句)、TheAttributiveClause

(定語(yǔ)從句)。其它諸如主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句等形式的復(fù)合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒(méi)有被列為重點(diǎn)考查范圍。Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthgoesaroundthesun.Iwanttoknowif/whethertheywillgoswimming.Doyouknowif/whetherhelikesdrawing?Sheaskedhimwherehecamefrom.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheSciencemuseum?一、賓語(yǔ)從句If與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用whether

從句部分的語(yǔ)序

無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問(wèn)句，從句都要運(yùn)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即是“主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后”的順序。

e.gHesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.

Sheaskedhimwherehecamefrom.

Iwanttoknowwhattheyaretalkingabout.Doyouknowif/whetherhelikesTimesEnglishPost?Wouldyoupleasetellushowoldyouare?

時(shí)態(tài)的變化

.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。

e.gTomhasbeentoGuilintwice.shewillcometomorrow.Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.

當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。

e.ghewouldgotoXi’an.hewasillthedaybefore.Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.hehadhadsupperalready

.

當(dāng)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

e.gHesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.Ourteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.

賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式一般而言，賓語(yǔ)從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,expect,believe,guess等表示“認(rèn)為，猜想”的詞時(shí)，一般要把賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。Ithink從句反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要與從句主謂保持一致。

e.gIknowheisn’tfromSanhe.Idon’tknowheisfromSanhe.Idon’tthinkit’sgoingtorain.Idon’tbelieveshewilllendyouthemoney.

1.MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2002.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived

【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)，所以應(yīng)選D。2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame

【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。3.Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave

【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B在語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。4.---Wedon’tknow_____________.---ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.A.whatheisB.ifheliveshereC.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和上下文的意思的連貫性。只有C符合要求。例題解析5.Couldyoutellme＿＿＿?A

Mrs.KingwherelivesB

wheredoesMrs.KingliveC

whereMrs.KinglivesD

Mrs.Kingliveswhere［答案］C.［析］賓語(yǔ)從句中的疑問(wèn)句要用陳述語(yǔ)序。6

-Canyoutellme＿＿＿?

-Sure

She'sanurseA

whereisyoursisterB

whereyoursisterisC

whatisyoursisterD

whatyoursisteris［答案］D.［析］who問(wèn)的是姓名，如：Whoishe?HeisSmith或HeismyfatherWhat問(wèn)的是職業(yè)，如：Whatishe?/whatdoeshedo?Heisateacher.7

Couldyoutellme＿＿＿?A.whenthetrainwillarriveB.

whenthetrainarrivedC.whendidthetrainarriveD.

whendoesthetrainarrives［答案］A.［析］could用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)疑問(wèn)句表達(dá)了口氣的委婉，并不是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。且賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)句。例題解析8

-Couldyoutellme＿＿＿?

-Yes，They＿＿＿tothelibrary

A.wherearethetwins，havebeenB.wherewerethetwins，havebeenC.wherethetwinsare，havegoneD.wherethetwinswere，havegone［答案］C.［析］havebeento是去過(guò)什么地方，而現(xiàn)在回來(lái)了。havegoneto是到某地去了，人現(xiàn)在不在這里。9

Idon'tknow＿＿＿toreadtheword．

A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.how［答案］D.［析］因不定式toread中的read是及物動(dòng)詞，已有自己的賓語(yǔ)theword，所以應(yīng)用疑問(wèn)副詞how。10

Iwonder＿＿＿．

A.whosebicycleisitB.itiswhosebicycle

C.isitwhosebicycleD.whosebicycleitis

答案］D.［析］wonder后的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。

例題解析從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。

1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．

A.if;Whether

B.whether;Whether

C.if;That

D.if;If2.Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.

A.whendoeshecome

B.howwillhecome

C.ifhecomes

D.whetherhe'llcome3.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?

A.what

B.how

C.whether

D.where4.Couldyoutellme______theradiowithoutanyhelp?

A.howdidhemend

B.whatdidhemend

C.howhemended

D.whathemended5.Iwanttoknow_________.whomisshelookingafter

B.whomsheislookingC.whomisshelooking

D.whomsheislookingafterDDDCD6.Doyouknowwhere_________now?

A.helives

B.doeshelive

C.helived

D.didhelive7.Doyouknowwhattime_________?

A.thetrainleave

B.doesthetrainleave

C.willthetrainleave

D.thetrainleaves

8.Idon'tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please?

A.howthetwoplayersareold

B.howoldarethetwoplayers

C.thetwoplayersarehowold

D.howoldthetwoplayersare

9.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________.

A.whatistheirstockingsin

B.whatisintheirstockings

C.whereistheirstockingsin

D.whatintheirstockings

10.Ican'tunderstand_________.A.whatdoesChristmasmean

B.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeansADDBDⅡ.TheAdverbialClause(狀語(yǔ)從句)

狀語(yǔ)從句是副詞性從句，其句法功能是修飾謂語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子等，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，通常由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)。Whenyougetoffthebus,youmustn’tpushothers.Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheywenttoschool.Theytalkedaboutthepartyafterthepeopleleft.Iwillwaituntilhecomes.Shewon’tgotobeduntilshefinishesherhomeworkMybrotherwentoutassoonasIgothome.Pleaseletmeknow

ifhecomesback.

二狀語(yǔ)從句Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit.Iwillgowhereveryougo.Hedidn’tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.Thoughhetriedmanytimes,hefailedtoworkitout.Hegotupmuchearlierthanusualsothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn’tkeepupwithhim.Hemadesuch

agoodreportthateverybodywaspleased狀語(yǔ)從句中考題練兵：一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Somebodyrangmeupjustnow,buthehungup

Icouldanswerthephone.(無(wú)錫)A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since()2.MrSmithusuallyreadsanewspaper

he’swaitingforthebus.(徐州)A.ifB.theC.becauseD.while()3.Youmustleaveherenow

yourmothercangetsomemorerest.(常州)A.becauseB.thoughC.sothatD.so()4.Themeetingis

importantthatyoumustn’tmissit.(鹽城)A.veryB.suchC.soD.too

CDC

C()5.–Mygrandmadidn’tgotosleep_____Igotbackhome.A.whereB.whenC.untilD.assoonas()6.–Youdomuchbetter_____you’remorecarefulwithyourspelling.A.beforeB.althoughC.unlessD.if()7.IfMg

inO2,we

MgO,andit

combinationreaction(化學(xué)變化).(泰州)A.willburn,get,callsB.burns,willget,calledC.willburn,canget,iscallingD.burns,willget,iscalled()8.

hetalkedwithherforalongtime,hefailedtoconvince(說(shuō)服)her.(黃岡)A.ThoughB.ButC.SinceD.AsCDDA()Itwassnowinghard,____wehadtostayathomeandwatchTv.A.thatB.soC.butD.because()--Whydidyoucometoschoollatethismorning?--____IwatchedthefootballWorldCupuntil12o’clocklastnight.A.IfB.BecauseC.sinceD.though()Hurryup,Jack.Wehavetogettothestationbefore11:45____wecancatchthe12:00train.A.sinceB.afterC.assoonasD.sothat()UncleWanggaveallhissavingstotheHopeSchool____hehimselfwasnotrich.A.becauseB.asifC.thoughD.orBDBCⅢ.TheAttributiveClause(定語(yǔ)從句)

在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞之后，對(duì)其先行詞起限定作用。

ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTom

who(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.

先行詞

定語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞有：where,when,whyThisisthedoctorwho/that

cameheryesterday.Themanwho/whom/that

yousawlastweekhasleftthetownThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.Iknowthewomanwhose

husbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhosewindowfacessouth.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.

三定語(yǔ)從句

二、that,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句這兩個(gè)代詞均指物，它們所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是物,通常情況下，它們可以互換。1.that,which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。

e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.2.that,which在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。

e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)

youtalkedaboutlastweek?注意：關(guān)系代詞在作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用which且不能省略。

e.g.Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)

heoncelivedinisameeting-room.知識(shí)拓展：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞that和which，在一般情況下，盡管可以互換使用，但在下列情況下，只能用that，而不用which：

1.先行詞是復(fù)合不定代詞everything,anything,nothing等時(shí)。

e.g.Shedidn’tforgetanything(that)

hermotherhadtoldhertobuy.2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelast修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)

Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthat

isnexttothewindow.3.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)

Ihaveeverseen.4.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame等修飾時(shí)。e.g.Thisistheverynovel(that)

youwanttoborrow.

5.先行詞是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)，

e.g.I’vewrittendownall(that)theteacherdoesn’tallowustodo.Theyhaven’tgotanydictionaries(that)weneed.6.先行詞既包含人又包含物時(shí)。e.g.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)

wehadneverheard.7.主句是以who,which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。e.g.Whoistheman(that)

youspoketojustnow?Whichisthebook

that

wasstolenbyhim?

8.先行詞是主句的表語(yǔ)或關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。

e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountry(that)itusedtobe.三、關(guān)系副詞where,when,why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句（在從句中作狀語(yǔ)）1.where表示地點(diǎn)，它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞。e.g.Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.c.f.Thisisthevillage(that/which)

hevisitedlastyear.2.when表示時(shí)間，它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表時(shí)間的先行詞。e.g.I’llneverforgettheday

whenIjoinedtheLeague.c.f.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)

wespenttogether.3.why表示原因，它引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表原因的先行詞。e.g.Thereasonwhy

hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear.定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)練：()1.Thenumberofpeople

losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whichB.whoC.whomD./()2.Thisisthemostbeautifulpart

Ihave

visited.A.which;everB.that;neverC.which;yetD.that;ever()3.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything

ismissing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD./()4.We’retalkingaboutTonny

youmetyesterday.A.withwhoB.whomC.whichD.whose()5.Isthistheverymuseum

someJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday?A.oneB.whereC.thatD.whichBDABC

()6.Thebook

coverisredisTom’s.A.whichB.thatC./D.whose()7.Theplace

Igrewupisabeautifultown.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.fromwhich()8.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople

thishappensisverylarge.A.whoB.towhichC.thatD.towhom()9.Doyoustillrememberoneeveningaweekago

Icametoyourroomandborrowedadictionary?A.beforeB.whichC.whenD.as()10.Isthatthenovelabout

theytalkedinclassyesterday?A.whichB.thatC.whoD./DCDCASummary教學(xué)課件要求匯報(bào)人：

教學(xué)課件概述教學(xué)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)多媒體元素運(yùn)用交互功能實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑界面布局與風(fēng)格統(tǒng)一評(píng)估反饋機(jī)制建立contents目錄01教學(xué)課件概述教學(xué)課件是根據(jù)教學(xué)大綱和教學(xué)目標(biāo)，針對(duì)特定教學(xué)內(nèi)容制作的多媒體教學(xué)資源。定義旨在輔助教師進(jìn)行教學(xué)，提高教學(xué)效果，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和參與度。目的定義與目的演示型課件交互型課件游戲型課件仿真型課件課件類(lèi)型及特點(diǎn)01020304以幻燈片、動(dòng)畫(huà)等形式展示教學(xué)內(nèi)容，適用于課堂演示和講解。具有交互功能，學(xué)生可以通過(guò)操作課件進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)。將教學(xué)內(nèi)容與游戲相結(jié)合，寓教于樂(lè)，提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。模擬真實(shí)環(huán)境或?qū)嶒?yàn)條件，供學(xué)生進(jìn)行模擬操作和實(shí)踐。制作流程確定教學(xué)內(nèi)容與目標(biāo)、設(shè)計(jì)課件結(jié)構(gòu)、收集與制作素材、整合與調(diào)試、測(cè)試與評(píng)估。制作規(guī)范確保課件內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確性、科學(xué)性和適用性；遵循視覺(jué)設(shè)計(jì)原則，保證課件的清晰度和美觀度；注重交互設(shè)計(jì)，提高課件的易用性和趣味性。同時(shí)，還需注意課件的兼容性和穩(wěn)定性，確保在不同設(shè)備和平臺(tái)上都能正常運(yùn)行。制作流程與規(guī)范02教學(xué)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)123具體規(guī)定學(xué)生在教學(xué)后應(yīng)掌握的知識(shí)點(diǎn)和技能點(diǎn)。明確知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo)強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中應(yīng)掌握的方法和策略。制定過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo)關(guān)注學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的情感變化和價(jià)值觀形成。確立情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)

分析學(xué)習(xí)者特征分析學(xué)生年齡特點(diǎn)了解學(xué)生的心理和生理發(fā)展階段，以便因材施教。分析學(xué)生已有知識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)了解學(xué)生已經(jīng)具備的知識(shí)和技能，為教學(xué)提供起點(diǎn)。分析學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格識(shí)別學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)偏好和方式，以便采用合適的教學(xué)方法。通過(guò)提問(wèn)、討論等方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動(dòng)思考，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。選用啟發(fā)式教學(xué)應(yīng)用情境教學(xué)采用合作學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)設(shè)與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活相關(guān)的情境，幫助學(xué)生在實(shí)際情境中應(yīng)用所學(xué)知識(shí)。鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行小組合作，共同解決問(wèn)題，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的協(xié)作能力。030201選擇合適教學(xué)策略03設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)順序根據(jù)教學(xué)目標(biāo)和學(xué)生的認(rèn)知規(guī)律，合理安排教學(xué)內(nèi)容的呈現(xiàn)順序。01梳理知識(shí)點(diǎn)邏輯關(guān)系按照知識(shí)點(diǎn)之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系進(jìn)行編排，形成清晰的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。02劃分教學(xué)單元將教學(xué)內(nèi)容劃分為若干個(gè)教學(xué)單元，每個(gè)單元圍繞一個(gè)主題展開(kāi)。編排教學(xué)內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)03多媒體元素運(yùn)用選用清晰易讀的字體，避免使用過(guò)于花哨或難以辨認(rèn)的字體，確保文字內(nèi)容與背景色形成良好對(duì)比。字體選擇與搭配根據(jù)課件內(nèi)容和受眾群體，合理設(shè)置字號(hào)和行距，確保觀眾能夠輕松閱讀和理解文本信息。字號(hào)與行距調(diào)整采用適當(dāng)?shù)呐虐娣绞胶蛯?duì)齊方式，使文本內(nèi)容更加美觀易讀，避免出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)行、亂碼等現(xiàn)象。文本排版與對(duì)齊文本處理技巧選用高質(zhì)量的圖片素材，并進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)牟眉?、縮放、調(diào)整亮度和對(duì)比度等處理，使圖片更加清晰美觀。圖片選擇與處理為圖片添加必要的標(biāo)注和說(shuō)明文字，幫助觀眾更好地理解和記憶圖片內(nèi)容。圖片標(biāo)注與說(shuō)明將多張圖片進(jìn)行排版和組合，形成具有邏輯關(guān)系和視覺(jué)沖擊力的圖表或畫(huà)廊效果。圖片排版與組合圖片編輯與美化方法選用通用的音頻視頻格式，確保課件能夠在不同設(shè)備和平臺(tái)上正常播放。音頻視頻格式選擇對(duì)音頻視頻素材進(jìn)行必要的剪輯、合并、添加字幕等處理，提高課件的觀賞性和實(shí)用性。音頻視頻編輯與處理根據(jù)課件內(nèi)容和受眾群體，合理設(shè)置音頻視頻的播放速度、音量和畫(huà)質(zhì)等參數(shù)，確