2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module3Literature學(xué)案選修7

Module3Literature一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．a(chǎn)ppetiten． 胃口；食欲2．chaptern. 章節(jié)3．chokev. (使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困難4．swallowv. 吞下；咽下(食物或飲料)5．dustbinn. 垃圾箱，垃圾桶6．nutritionn. 營養(yǎng)(作用)；滋養(yǎng)7．welfaren. 幸福，福祉；健康8．passn. 指南針，羅盤(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．feedv. 喂養(yǎng)；為……提供食品2．whisperv. 低聲地說；耳語3．supportn. 支撐物4．seizev. 抓住5．hangv. 絞死；吊死6．lockv. 用鎖鎖(起來)7．screamv. 尖叫；高聲喊叫8．roughadj. 多暴力的；犯罪率高的9．dragv. 拖；拉；硬拽10．naughtyadj. 淘氣的；調(diào)皮的11．escapev. 逃跑12．weddingn. 婚禮13．repayv. 報答；回報14．a(chǎn)ttainv. 獲得，達到15．pilen. 堆，疊，摞(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．noveln．(長篇)小說→novelistn．小說家2．servev．端上(飯菜等)，服務(wù)，服役→servicen．服務(wù)，服役→servantn．仆人3．eageradj.熱切的；渴望的→eagernessn．熱切；渴望→eagerlyadv.熱切地；渴望地4．desperateadj.絕望的→desperationn．絕望→desperatelyadv.絕望地；拼命地；不顧一切地；非常地5．healthn．健康→healthyadj.健康的→healthilyadv.健康地→unhealthyadj.不健康的→unhealthilyadv.不健康地6．rewardn.酬謝；獎賞；賞金v．酬謝→rewardingadj.值得做的；有益的7．intendv．打算→intentionn．打算；目的；意圖→intentionaladj.故意的8．legaladj.合法的→legallyadv.合法地→illegaladj.非法的→illegallyadv.違法地；非法地9．distributev．分發(fā)，分配，分送→distributionn．分配；分布10．starvev．(使)挨餓，餓死→starvationn．挨餓，餓死→starvingadj.快要餓死的11．concernn．關(guān)心，擔(dān)心v．影響到；涉及→concernedadj.關(guān)心的，擔(dān)心的；有關(guān)的→concerningprep.關(guān)于12．a(chǎn)ccumulatev．積累→accumulationn．積累，積聚13．a(chǎn)cplishv．完成(任務(wù)等)，取得(成功)→acplishmentn．成就；完成[語境活用]1．Wearrivedatthehotelandwereservedwithwineandsomedishesandtheservicetherewasexcellent.(serve)2．Environmentalprotectionhasbeenaglobalconcern.Itisoneofthecurrentissuesthatareconcernedwitheachperson.Anincreasingnumberofpeopleareconcernedaboutenvironmentandglobalconferencesconcerningenvironmentalprotectionareheldregularly.AsfarasIamconcerned,_wewillhaveabluerskyinthenearfuture.(concern)3．Alookofdesperationappearedonthefaceofthedoctorbuthestillmadeonelastdesperateattempttosavethegirlwhowasdesperatelyill.(desperate)4．Eatinghealthilyisgoodforyourhealth.Therefore,tokeephealthy,_youshouldavoidunhealthyfood.(health)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．servev．端上(飯菜等)；提供；供應(yīng)；為……工作；服務(wù)；服役；可用作背詞條用法(1)serveas充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任servesb.(with)sth.＝servesth.tosb.拿/用某物招待/款待某人serveinthearmy在部隊服役(2)atyourservice愿為您效勞；聽候您的吩咐背寫作佳句①FromthisexperienceIhavelearntthatquestioningcanserveasabridgethathelpsustoseekthetruth.從這次經(jīng)歷中我學(xué)到了質(zhì)疑是幫助我們尋求真理的橋梁。②Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.我們應(yīng)該全心全意為人民服務(wù)。③Ifyouneedadvice,Iamatyourservice.你要是需要參考意見，我愿為您效勞。2．eageradj.熱切的；渴望的背詞條用法(1)beeagertodosth.渴望/熱心做某事beeagerforsth.渴望得到某物beeagerthat...渴望……(2)inone’seagernesstodosth.渴望做某事背寫作佳句①(2020·江蘇高考書面表達)Foronething,theoveralldevelopmentoverthepastdecadeshasbeensostrikingthattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.一方面，過去幾十年的全面發(fā)展如此驚人以至于他們渴望熟悉中國正在發(fā)生什么。②Iwokeupearlyandrushedoutofthedoorinmyeagernesstoknowmynewschool.我一大早就起床沖出家門，迫不及待地想了解我的新學(xué)校。3．rewardn．酬謝；獎賞；賞金v．酬謝；獎賞背詞條用法(1)asareward(for...)作為(對……的)報酬/獎賞inrewardfor為酬謝……；作為……的獎勵(2)rewardsb.with...forsth.為某事而用……酬謝某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物/事酬謝某人背寫作佳句①Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.學(xué)生們一直努力學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的努力最終會收獲成功的。②Toourjoy,ourpatiencewasfinallyrewarded.令我們高興的是，我們的耐心得到了回報。4．intendv．打算，想要，計劃背詞條用法(1)intendtodo/(tobe)doingsth.打算做某事beintendedtodosth.目的是做某事beintendedfor為……打算或設(shè)計的(2)haveeveryintentionofdoingsth.打算做某事背寫作佳句①IamtoogladtohearthatyouintendtoetoChinatolearnChinese.聽說你打算來中國學(xué)習(xí)漢語，我很高興。②Thisactivityisintendedforthestudentswhoareinterestedincalligraphy.這個活動是為對書法感興趣的學(xué)生設(shè)置的。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．in_astonishment 驚訝地，吃驚地2．in_a_...voice 用……聲音(說)，……聲地3．a(chǎn)_huge/large_amount_of 大量的4．bring_sth._to_the_attention_of_sb. 使某人關(guān)注某事5．be_cruel_to 對……殘忍6．pick_out 挑選出，辨認出7．let_go_of 放開，放棄8．escape_from 從……逃離9．suffer_from 遭受10．put_up 張貼(通知，海報)，搭建，建造11．stare_at 凝視，盯著看12．piles_of 一堆一堆的13．feel_at_home 感到舒適；像在家里一樣eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活ahuge/largeamountof大量的背相關(guān)短語(1)“ahuge/large/smallamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)(2)“huge/large/smallamountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)背寫作佳句①Alargeamountofworkhasbeendonetohavethesepeoplegetridofpoverty.為了讓這些人脫貧已經(jīng)做了大量工作。②Smallamountsoftimehavebeenwastedonarguingaboutuselessthings.少量時間被浪費在爭論一些無用的事情上了。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.(nosooner...than...“剛一……就……”)孩子的話剛出口，大師傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的腦袋。佳句①Nosoonerhadthelecturersteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.演講家一上臺，觀眾就爆發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。佳句②Nosoonerhadtheproblemthanwemanagedtosolveit.問題一出現(xiàn)我們就設(shè)法解決了它。2．OnlythendidOliverunderstandhissituation.(“only＋狀語”位于句首，句子用部分倒裝)只有在那時奧利弗才明白自己的處境。佳句①Onlyinthiswaycanyouimproveyourself.只有用這種方法你才能提升自己。佳句②OnlywhenyourealizedtheimportanceofEnglisheq\a\vs4\al(can)youlearnitwell.只有當(dāng)你認識到英語的重要性時，你才能學(xué)好它。佳句③Onlythendidherealizethathehadlostachanceofachievinghisdream.只有在那時他才意識到他失去了實現(xiàn)他的夢想的機會。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．ExcusemeformylongdelayinreturningtoyouRobinsonCrusoewhichIreadthroughwithgreatinterest.請原諒我遲遲未能歸還您的那本《魯濱孫漂流記》，這書我讀得津津有味。2．WheneverIreaditIamdeeplyimpressedwithRobinson’sbravery.無論什么時候讀這本書，魯濱孫的勇敢都給我留下深刻印象。3．Thoughwehavevariousbookstochoosefrom,whatinterestsmemostareclassicalbooksofliterature.盡管有各種書籍可供我們選擇，然而最使我感興趣的是古典文學(xué)著作。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點——網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)帖(一)4[題目要求]假定你是李華，你在網(wǎng)站上看到英國留學(xué)生Terry發(fā)帖，希望找人輔導(dǎo)他學(xué)漢語，并且愿意教英語作為回報。請你給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．表示愿意幫助他學(xué)漢語；2．說明你能勝任輔導(dǎo)的理由；3．提出你學(xué)習(xí)英語的具體需求。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearTerry,Hi!MynameisLiHua,aChinesemiddleschoolstudent.IlearnedfromyourpostthatyouwantedtofindaChinesetutorandyoucanteachEnglishinreturn.Iamquiteinterestedinit.IthinkI’mfitforit.Firstly,Chineseismymothertongue,andspeakingitisamustformetomunicatewithothersinmydailylife.Secondly,ItutoredforeignerstolearnChineselastyear.SoI’mquiteconfidentthatIcanhelpyoutomasterthelanguage.Inyourpost,yousaidthatyouarewillingtoteachEnglishinreturn.ItisjustwhatIeagerlywant.WecancontacteachotherbyvideochateverynightforhalfanhourinEnglishandhalfanhourinChinese.Inthisway,wecanimproveourselvestogether.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua[學(xué)亮點]1．學(xué)謀篇布局2．學(xué)亮麗開頭開頭先作了自我介紹，交代身份和寫作背景，然后點明寫信的目的——愿意幫助他學(xué)習(xí)漢語。語意層層遞進，順暢自然。3．學(xué)高級表達(1)使用高級語塊，如：inreturn,bequiteinterestedin,befitfor,inyourpost等，提高了作文的檔次。(2)熟練使用高級句式，如：動名詞短語作主語speakingit；賓語從句thatIcanhelpyoumasterthelanguage；表語從句whatIeagerlywant等，為作文增色不少，也彰顯了考生的語言功底。4．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾使用了書信最常用的結(jié)束語I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.表達了對早日回復(fù)的期盼。表述簡潔、實用。5．學(xué)過渡銜接銜接詞語firstly,and,secondly,so,inyourpost,inthisway等的恰當(dāng)運用，使得文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹，層層遞進，讀起來朗朗上口。6．防微點失分考生容易把“Iamquiteinterestedinit.”中的in漏掉，或在“ItisjustwhatIeagerlywant.”中的want后誤加to，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thedirectorofthefilmdecideshowthescenes(場景)shouldbefilmedandhowtheactorsshouldact.2．Worldfoodproductionwillhavetoincreaseby70%tofeed(喂養(yǎng))theadditional2.3billionpeopleexpectedontheplanetbythemiddleofthecentury.3．Iwhispered(低聲地說),“Sandy,Imadeit.Ididit.”4．Inrecentyears,manymunitieshavetakenstepstosupport(支持)moretransportationoptions,suchasbicyclingandwalking.5．Heseized(抓住)thechanceofafreeflightandtouredtheworld.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加藍部分的漢語意思1．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’stheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns. 擔(dān)心2．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.煙霧3．(2019·天津高考)Overtheweekend,heworkedthroughthepilesofhandmadecardsathishouse. 一摞4．(熟詞生義)(2020·天津高考)Trialanderrorleadstothefindingoftruth. 試驗5．(熟詞生義)(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder. (暫時的)解脫6．(熟詞生義)(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone. 艱難的Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Theyenteredthecountryillegally(legal)sotheywerearrested.2.MoYanisoneofChina’sleadingcontemporarynovelists(novel).3.Twentymillionpeoplefacestarvation(starve)unlessavastemergencyaidprogrammeislaunched.4．Aratherdifficulttaskhad_been_acplished(acplish)beforewearrived.5．Thehighlightatthepartywasthedistribution(distribute)ofprizes.6．Thelake名師點撥“一站清”(1)illegally是副詞，在句中修飾動詞entered。legal表示“合法的”，其反義詞在前面加前綴il-，此處需要副詞，又加后綴-ly。(2)novelist是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前面的oneof可知用novelist的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(3)starvation是名詞，表示“餓死；挨餓”。face作為動詞，表示“面對”，后面接名詞。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．serve[明其義]v．端上(飯菜等)；提供；供應(yīng)；為……工作；服務(wù)；服役；可用作[通其用](1)用serve的適當(dāng)形式填空①Uptonowallthedisheshave_been_servedasthemenugoes,exceptforthedesserttofollow.②Iamnothappywiththeserviceinthisrestaurant.③Thequestioniswhethertechnologyisgoingtobeourservantorourmaster.(2)詞匯升級④Theglasswallhassuchabrightsurfacethatitcanworkasamirror.→Theglasswallhassuchabrightsurfacethatitcanserve/functionasamirror.⑤Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.→Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehebegantoserve_inthearmy.[解其困](1)serveas表示“擔(dān)任，充當(dāng)”，同義短語有workas,functionas。(2)serve表示“服役”時，是不及物動詞，后面接賓語時通常加介詞in。join表示“參(軍)”時，是及物動詞。2．eager[明其義]adj.熱切的；渴望的[通其用](1)單句語法填空①InChina,manyyoungpeopleeagerly(eager)participateinnationalservicetobeecivilservants.②Intheireagerness(eager)tobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.③Assummerclosesin,thenumberofpeoplewhoareeagerto_go(go)onadietincreasessharply.(2)一句多譯他們圍住發(fā)言人，渴望得到最新消息。④Theycrowdedroundthespokesperson,eager_for_the_latest_news.⑤Theycrowdedroundthespokesperson,desiring/longing_for_the_latest_news.⑥Theycrowdedroundthespokesperson,eager/desiring/longing_to_get_thelatest__news.[解其困]eager是形容詞，表示“渴望得到”可以用beeagerfor或beeagertoget/attain/obtain。類似的表達還有：desire/longfor/desire/longtodosth.,havedesireforsth./todosth.等。3．reward[明其義]n．酬謝；獎賞；賞金v．酬謝；獎賞[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Shewantedtorewardthecleanersfortheirefforts.②(2018·北京高考書面表達)IfyouetoBeijing,Ibelieveyouwillhavearewarding(reward)experience.(2)一句多譯第一個完成任務(wù)的人有獎賞。③There’s_a_reward_forwhoeverfinishesthetaskfirst.④Whoeverfinishesthetaskfirstis_rewarded.[解其困]reward既可用作名詞也可用作動詞，都和介詞for搭配。4．intend[明其義]v．打算，想要，計劃[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Weintendgoing/to_go(go)toAustralianextyear.②Ineverintendedthingsto_turn(turn)outthewaytheydid.③Ihavenointention(intend)ofjoiningtheartclub.(2)補全句子④(2018·北京高考書面表達)Theactivityis_intended_to_helpinternationalstudentsbetterunderstandourtea-drinkingculture.這次活動的目的是幫助國際學(xué)生更好地理解我們的飲茶文化。⑤Ihad_intended_to_stayinthecountryforonlyayearortwobutIdecidedtolivetherefortherestofmylife.我本來打算住在農(nóng)村一兩年，但我決定余生都住在那兒。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空inastonishment，ahugeamountof，bring...totheattentionofsb.，pickout，letgoof，escapefrom，sufferfrom，putup，pilesof，feelathome1.Seeinghiswifeeinwithabunchofflowers,Billlookedatherin_astonishment.2.A_huge_amount_ofmoneyhasbeenspentindecoratingthehousesofar.3.She’sbeensuffering_fromcancerfortwoyears.4．WhenIlivedintheirhome,theydideverythingtheycouldtomakemefeel_at_home.5．WithChristmasaroundthecorner,theshopshavestartedtoput_upChristmasdecorations.6．Shelookedinhorroratpiles_ofbooksonherdesk.7.Theywerecaughttryingtoescape_fromtheprison.8．Ittakesgreatstrengthtoforgiveandlet_go_ofthepast.9．Thepoliceaskedhimifhecouldpick_outthesuspectfromaseriesofphotos.10．Thegovernmenthasbroughtthepreventionofthediseaseto_the_attention_ofthepublic.名師點撥“一站清”(1)inastonishment的同義短語為：insurprise/amazement。(2)ahugeamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)形式。ahugeamountof的同義詞語：much,agreatdealof。(3)sufferfrom意為“遭受，患(病)”，不能用于被動語態(tài)。havebeendoingsth.是現(xiàn)在完成進行時。(4)escapefrom表示“從……地方逃出去”；catchsb.doingsth.表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做不好的事情”。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．sufferVSsufferfrom比較①Asweallknow,manyanimalssufferedthesamefateastheextinctdodosbecauseoftheenvironment.②Onecat,namedSabrina,fell32storeys,yetonlysuffered_fromabrokentooth.辨清(1)suffervt.遭受；蒙受，其后常接pain,loss,defeat,hunger,damage,poverty,hardship等名詞作賓語。(2)suffervi.后常接from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦；患某種疾病”，后常接表示疾病的名詞或造成不幸、痛苦的事物的名詞作賓語。2．toone’sastonishmentVSinastonishment比較①To_my_astonishment,_hewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory,andIwasreallyastonished.②Hestaredatthestrange-lookinganimalin_astonishment.辨清(1)toone’sastonishment表示“令某人吃驚的是”，類似的表達還有：toone’sexcitement/disappointment/joy/delight/sadness/relief等。(2)inastonishment表示“吃驚地”，類似的表達還有：insurprise/horror/terror/panic等。[句式的驗收盤點](一)nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)[通其用]1．根據(jù)要求完成句子老師一進入教室學(xué)生就開始大聲讀書。①The_teacher_had_no_sooner_e_in_the_classroom_than_the_students_began_to_read_loudly.(nosooner位于句中)②No_sooner_had_the_teacher_e_in_the_classroom_than_the_students_began_to_read_loudly.(nosooner位于句首)2．句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Nosoonerhadthesportsmeetstartedthanitrainedheavily.→Hardly/Scarcelyhadthesportsmeetstartedwhenitrainedheavily.[解其困](1)nosooner...than...和hardly/scarcely...when...都表示“剛一……就……”。(2)當(dāng)nosooner,hardly或scarcely位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝，且主句用過去完成時。(二)“only＋狀語”位于句首，主句用部分倒裝[通其用]根據(jù)要求補全句子在和兩位名列前茅的同學(xué)交談后，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有強大的動力是達到目標的一個重要因素。①Only_after_talking_to_two_top_students_did_I_discoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.(“only＋狀語”位于句首)②It_was_only_after_talking_to_two_top_students_that_I_discoveredthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.(強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)“only＋狀語”)[解其困]“only＋狀語”中的狀語可以是時間狀語，如then,yesterday,in2020,when/after等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。也可以是inthisway和bydoingsth.這樣的表達。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020浙江7月高考·閱讀理解A篇對接主題：小說、戲劇、詩歌、傳記、文學(xué)簡史、經(jīng)典演講、文學(xué)名著等（一）精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中藍體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.[2]Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(劇作家)hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.eq\o(Afewcharactersareusedto,\s\do10(1))createasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.eq\o(Itisnotmyintentionto,\s\do10(2))pointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludeedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility(多面性)oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.[3]Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizes①fortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.[4]Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trytopicture②theplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim(變暗).Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.［析微點·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］通句式——句子(1)中“growingoutofthetheme”為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾impression，可用定語從句“whichgrowsoutofthetheme”替換。微點撥——由波浪線(2)句可知，作者認為點明戲劇的中心思想會破壞閱讀、討論和考慮戲劇的樂趣以及劇作家的(原本)效果。本句是第22題解題的信息句。①拓視野——PulitzerPrizes普利策獎也稱為普利策新聞獎。1917年根據(jù)美國報業(yè)巨頭約瑟夫·普利策(JosephPulitzer)的遺愿設(shè)立，后來發(fā)展成為美國新聞界的最高榮譽獎?，F(xiàn)在，不斷完善的評選制度已使普利策獎成為新聞領(lǐng)域的國際最高獎項，被譽為“新聞界的諾貝爾獎”。②微點撥——名詞動用：picturen．圖片；圖畫；照片，相片v．想象；設(shè)想；描述；用圖片顯示[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律]（二）解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]21．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B．Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C．Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D．Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader...sharingmyenthusiasmforthetheater”可知，作者非常熱愛戲劇，對戲劇充滿熱情，故選B項。22．Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?A．Statingtheplays’centralideas.B．Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C．Includingvarioustypesofplays.D．Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplays”可知，作者在書中沒有指出所收錄各部戲劇的中心思想，故選A項。23．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?A．Controltheirfeelings.B．Applytheiractingskills.C．Usetheirimagination.D．Keeptheiraudienceinmind.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“trytopicturetheplayonstage...audience”可知，作者建議讀者在閱讀戲劇的時候，要運用自己的想象力，勾勒出舞臺上的戲劇場景，故選C項。24．Whatisthistext?A．Ashortstory.B．Anintroductiontoabook.C．Aplayreview.D．Anadvertisementforatheater.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文，尤其是第一段中的“mybestreasonforeditingthisbook”和第三段中的“Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.”可推知，本文是作者對自己編輯的一本戲劇集的介紹，故選B項。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第24題考查了學(xué)生的邏輯性思維。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容并根據(jù)第三段中的“Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.”可知，本書的最后將提供劇作家的更多信息，由此可推知本文是一本戲劇集的序言。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一本戲劇集的內(nèi)容，作者以本書編輯和戲劇愛好者的身份討論了閱讀戲劇的重點。文章注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的文化意識，旨在體現(xiàn)“以文化人，以文育人”的思想。欣賞藝術(shù)作品是我們看世界的一個窗口。通過欣賞戲劇藝術(shù)作品，可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的審美意識和審美能力，陶冶學(xué)生的情操，增強學(xué)生感受美、欣賞美和創(chuàng)造美的能力。文章以此立意，能很好地對學(xué)生進行美育教育，同時引導(dǎo)學(xué)生繼承和發(fā)揚中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化，堅定理想信念和愛國主義情懷，切實增強“四個自信”。（三）借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．TheOxforddictionaryisnowinitsninthedition(edit)．2．Thebookisacollectionofstoriesbywomenwriters.3．Youmustplacetheseeventsintheirhistorical(history)background.4．Therestaurant’smenuisbasedonHawaiianregional(region)cuisine.5．Anaction(act)movieisafilminwhichalotofdangerousandexcitingthingshappen.Ⅱ.補全句子1．Wefoundithardto_picture_him_as(想象他為……)thefatherofteenageboys.2．Thepopularmassmediatendstorepresent_him_as(把他描繪為……)anenvironmentalleader.3．Peopleliving_in_the_villages(住在村莊里的)seldomseesubways.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語)Ⅲ.分析長難句1．TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是含有一個定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是I，謂語動詞是havesearched。其中不定式短語Todothis作目的狀語，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞the_ones。[句意翻譯]為了做到這一點，我搜索了數(shù)十個劇本，目的是找出我認為最能體現(xiàn)短劇力量和目的的劇本。2．Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(劇作家)hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是含有一個定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Eachplay，謂語動詞是has。其中which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞athemeorcentralidea。[句意翻譯]每一部戲劇都有一個主題或中心思想，劇作家希望通過對話和表演來傳達它。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作學(xué)校開展“我最喜愛的一本書”為題的征文比賽，請你寫一篇小短文參加比賽。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：Onsummervacationofthisyear,IstudiedinnovelTheOldManandtheSeaofErnestHemingway,afamouswriterofUSA.Iadmiretheoldfisherman’swillinthenovelverymuch,heletsmeunderstandthatapersonmusthavedeterminedspiritifhecouldsucceed.Manisnotmadefordefeat,amancanbedestroyedbuthecannotbedefeated.GentlyclosingthebookTheOldManandtheSea,Ican’thelpthinkingthatitisunavoidabletoencounterdifficulty,butthemostimportantthingistofaceitbravelyandhaveperseverancesothatwecanlearnfromfailure.課下主題訓(xùn)練小說、戲劇、詩歌、傳記、文學(xué)簡史、經(jīng)典演講、文學(xué)名著等Ⅰ.閱讀理解LyndaLaPlanteisthewriterofPrimeSuspectandthebest-sellingauthorofmorethan40books.HernewnovelHiddenKillersisoutnow.Sheistalkingaboutthreebooksthatdeeplyaffectedher.WutheringByEmilyBronteOnenightasachild,IwalkedquietlyintothebathroomwhenIheardavoicecalling,“Letmein;letmein！”alongwithaterribleknockonawindowingfrommygrandma’sroom.Quiteafraid,Icried,“Helpme!Where’stheghost？”Grandmalookedupandsaid,“Don’tbesilly;I’mlisteningtoastoryontheradiocalledWutheringTheWater-BabiesByCharlesKingsleyThisclassicVictorianstorycaughtmyimaginationasachild.Itmademeconsidertheunfairnessoflife—whyisonechildsleepinginfortandanotherforcedtoclimbthroughachimney(煙囪)?IespeciallylovedallthequestionsTomasksonhisadventures,manyofwhichareaboutsocialunfairness.AllmylifeI’veaskedquestionstoo.TheFaerieQueeneByEdmundSpenserIusedtohaveproblemsreading—IwastoldIhad“wordblindness”．MymothergavemeacopyofSpenser’spoemandsaid,“Ifyoucanlearnsomeofthisthenyou’llbeabletoreadanything.”Irosetothechallenge.Ilearneditoffbyheartandwassoproudofmyselfforkeepingsomethingthatdifficultinmind.ThenIlearnedthatIcouldlearnwordsjustaswellasanyone.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。獲獎作家LyndaLaPlante和大家分享了幾本對她有深刻影響的書。1．HowdidLyndafirstknowaboutthestoryofWutheringA．Byreadingabookborrowedfromhergrandma.B．Bylisteningtohergrandma’sstory.C．Bylisteningtoitontheradio.D．Byreadingaghoststory.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由WutheringHeights部分中的“I’mlisteningtoastoryontheradiocalledWutheringHeights...adifferentmedium(媒介)”可知，Lynda通過聽廣播第一次了解了《呼嘯山莊》所講述的故事。2．WhichbookmadeLyndaformthehabitofaskingquestions?A．HiddenKillers. B．WutheringC．TheWater-Babies. D．TheFaerieQueene.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由TheWater-Babies部分中的“AllmylifeI’veaskedquestionstoo.”可知答案。3．WhatchangedidLyndashowafterreadingTheFaerieQueene?A．Shefoundpleasureinwritingpoems.B．Shebegantobelieveinherself.C．Shefellinlovewithpoems.D．Shebecameword-smart.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。由TheFaerieQueene部分中的“wassoproudofmyselfforkeepingsomethingthatdifficultinmind.ThenIlearnedthatIcouldlearnwordsjustaswellasanyone”可知，作者開始變得自信。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五HowtoimprovevocabularyfastYourvocabularyreferstothewordsinalanguageyouarefamiliarwith.Weshouldlearnsomewaystoexpandit.Readeveryday.__1__Choosereadingmaterialthatisslightlyaboveyourlevelandkeepadictionarywithyoutolookupwordsyoudonotknow.__2___Ifyoudonotmeetwithanunfamiliarwordinyourdailyreading,useyourdictionarytosearchforone.Learnthecorrectdefinitionandpronunciationforeachnewword.Pronunciationisasimportantasdefinitionbecauseinordertoaddawordtoyouractivevocabulary,youmustbeabletouseitinspeech.Elaborate(詳盡闡述)onthemeaningoftheword.Ifyouhavejustlearnedtheword“stubborn”，thinkabouttheneighbourwhowillnotlendyouhiscar.__3__Useyournewwordinspeechandinwriting.E-mailyoursisterabouthowyourcatisstubbornaboutsleepingonyourpillow.__4__Butthemoreyouuseit,themorefluentyouwillbeeinitsuse.Soonitwillbearegularpartofyouractivevocabulary.Telleveryoneyouaretryingtoincreaseyourvocabulary.Encouragethemtoaskyouwhatyourlatestwordis.__5__Themoreyouexplainthemeaningofawordtosomeone,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.A．Findanewwordeveryday.B．Thevocabularycanbeincreased.C．Yourvocabularycontainsthewordsyouunderstand.D．Themoreoftenyouread,thefasteryourvocabularycangrow.E．Orletthemaskforthedefinitionofanewwordyouh