專題7+介詞課件 中考英語人教版一輪專題復(fù)習(xí)+

第二部分語法精研專題七介詞返回目錄目錄CONTENTS要點聚焦·精準(zhǔn)導(dǎo)練01專項練習(xí)·能力通關(guān)02命題點一表示時間的常用介詞1.

at,on,in介詞用法示例at表示具體某一時間點at

3：20,at

noon,at

this

moment表示某個節(jié)日期間at

the

Spring

Festival,at

Christmas某些習(xí)慣用法

at

lunch,at

night介詞用法示例on表示具體某一天on

June

12,on

Sunday表示具體某個節(jié)日當(dāng)天on

Father’s

Day,on

Teachers’

Day表示具體某個特定的早上、中午或晚上on

a

rainy

night,on

Monday

evening介詞用法示例in表示較長的一段時間（如年、月份和季節(jié)等）in

2025,in

March

of

1995,

in

summer泛指上午、下午、傍晚、日間等in

the

evening,in

the

daytime某些習(xí)慣搭配in

the

future,in

time2.

in,after介詞用法示例in后接時間段，表示“……之

后”，與將來時連用He

will

be

back

in

two

hours.after后接時間點，表示“……之

后”，與將來時連用He’ll

be

back

after

ten

o’clock.后接時間段，表示“……之

后”，與過去時連用He

returned

after

a

week.3.

since,from介詞用法示例since常用于完成時，表示“自……以來”，后接具體的過去某一時間點，或時間段＋ago，或時態(tài)為一般過去時的句子Mr.Black

has

worked

in

Beijing

since

1998.from表示“從……起”，常與to構(gòu)成詞組from…to…He

was

sleeping

from

2

p.m.to

4

p.m.4.

by,until/till介詞用法示例by意為“不遲于（某時）；在……之前”，可表現(xiàn)在、過去或?qū)鞨e

must

have

returned

by

nextMonday.意為“到……時候；當(dāng)（某時候）到了”By

the

time

you

get

home,it

will

bedark.介詞用法示例until/till用于肯定句，意為“到……”，謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞We

are

open

till

6

o’clock.用于否定句，意為“直到……才”，謂語動詞用短暫性動詞The

child

didn’t

go

to

bed

until

midnight.5.

for,during,through介詞用法示例for后接時間段，意為“（時

間）長達……”，可與多

種時態(tài)連用，動詞用延續(xù)

性動詞Bob

and

his

family

have

lived

in

Guangzhou

for

ten

years.

介詞用法示例during后接時間段，意為“在……期間”，不用于現(xiàn)在完成時During

the

meal,we

talked

about

the

TV

play.through表示“從……開始到結(jié)束”，強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程It’s

very

hot

through

the

whole

summer

this

year.小試身手選詞填空。

since

until

in

after

during

Lin

Peiying’s

grandfather

was

born

in

Putian,Fujian.

1.

?

1947，he

went

to

study

at

Fudan

University.

He

left

for

Taiwan

to

visit

his

sister

2.

the

summer

vacation

that

year.

However,the

trip

changed

his

life.

For

some

reason,he

couldn’t

return

to

the

mainland

3.

the

late

1980s.

People

from

both

sides

have

visited

each

other

once

again

4.

the

end

of

the

1980s.

Millions

of

them

have

traveled

from

Taiwan

to

the

mainland

to

look

for

their

family.

Lin

Peiying’s

grandfather

was

among

those.

5.

40

years’

wait,he

could

see

his

relatives

again.

It

was

a

really

exciting

reunion.In

during

until

since

After

命題點二表示空間、地點、方位的常用介詞1.

at,on,in介詞用法示例at用于較小的場所（建筑物、公共場所等）at

the

cinema,at

school,at

home,at

the

station用于街道/門牌號碼前at

403

Brook

Streeton與……表面相接觸on

the

floor,on

the

table在任何廣大的面上on

the

farm/moon,on

the

island與線的接觸，可譯作“接近”“緊挨”等We

lived

in

a

town

on

the

coast.介詞用法示例in在較大的地方（國家、城

市、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、水域等）in

the

city,in

China,in

Asia在周圍的環(huán)境是立體（即

四面八方都有東西環(huán)繞）

的地方in

a

forest,in

the

classroom,in

his

schoolbag固定搭配in

the

sky,in

space2.

over,above介詞用法示例over“在……之上；在……垂直正上方”，反義詞為underThere

is

a

bridge

over

the

river.above“在……之上；高于……”，相對高度，不一定是正上方，反義詞為belowI

heard

a

strange

noise

coming

from

the

room

above.3.

between,among介詞用法示例between兩者之間，常用于

“between

A

and

B”或“between＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)The

girl

is

sitting

between

her

father

and

mother.among三者或三者以上之間The

man

quickly

disappeared

among

the

crowd.4.

across,through介詞用法示例across強調(diào)從物體表面穿過Don’t

go

across

the

road

when

the

traffic

is

heavy.through強調(diào)從立體空間穿過，

貫穿The

sand

ran

through

my

fingers.5.

to,into,onto,for,towards介詞用法示例to“到……去”，表示移

動方向He’s

going

to

Paris.into“進入……里”，表示

運動或變化，側(cè)重動作The

boy

rushed

into

the

house.介詞用法示例onto“到……上”，表示位

置的改變Move

the

books

onto

the

second

shelf.for“向……”，表示去向He’ll

leave

for

Australia

next

week.towards“向……進發(fā)”，并不

表示“到達”之意I

picked

up

the

ball

and

passed

it

to

him.

Then

I

walked

towards

my

house.介詞用法示例by“在……邊上”，較near更近She

stood

by

the

window,watching

the

children

playing

in

the

garden.at在……旁邊We

ate

at

the

table.beside“在……旁邊”，相當(dāng)于next

toPut

your

shoes

beside

mine.6.

by,at,beside,near,next

to介詞用法示例near“在……附近”，表

示的距離稍遠(yuǎn)些Is

there

a

post

office

near

here?next

to緊靠……的旁邊There

is

a

cafe

next

to

the

restaurant.小試身手完形填空。

Joy

loves

exploring

（探索）

places

on

her

mountain

bike.

However,

last

month

she

had

an

experience

that

she

will

never

forget.

She

was

riding

1

the

forest

while

the

sun

was

going

down.

She

was

enjoying

the

beautiful

colors

2

the

sky

and

because

of

this,she

didn’t

notice

a

deep

hole

in

the

ground

and

fell

3

it.

What’s

worse,her

arm

was

caught

4

two

rocks.

They

were

too

heavy

for

her

to

move.

As

a

result,

she

couldn’t

get

5

the

hole.

So

she

started

shouting

6

help,but

there

was

no

answer.Night

came

and

Joy

was

afraid,cold

and

in

a

lot

of

pain.

She

was

too

tired

and

decided

to

get

some

sleep.

But

just

as

she

was

closing

her

eyes,

she

heard

a

car

passing

by

7

.

Then

an

idea

came

to

her.

She

reached

her

bike

with

the

other

hand,turned

on

the

light

and

moved

it

around.

Luckily,the

driver

of

the

car

saw

the

light

and

drove

8

the

hole.

Joy

was

saved

at

last!（

B

）1.

A.over

B.through

C.across（

A

）2.

A.in

B.on

C.at（

C

）3.

A.onto

B.from

C.into（

A

）4.

A.between

B.among

C.beside（

B

）5.

A.along

with

B.out

of

C.up

with（

B

）6.

A.to

B.for

C.from（

B

）7.

A.over

B.above

C.below（

A

）8.

A.towards

B.off

C.byBACABBBA命題點三表示憑借（某種）方式、手段或工具的常用介詞by,in,on,with,through介詞用法示例by憑借“工具或手段”，名詞前不用冠詞，若后接動詞，則用動名詞形式The

work

must

be

done

by

hand.后接表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞，且

名詞前不加修飾詞I

went

to

Russia

by

plane.介詞用法示例in表示用某種材料、語言以及聲音

等，名詞前不加冠詞He’ll

make

the

speech

in

English

tomorrow.用于封閉型的交通工具前，且該名

詞前有限定詞He

goes

to

work

in

a

car.介詞用法示例on“以……方式”，用于手段、

通訊方式等They

talked

on

the

phone.用于開放型或半開放型的交通

工具前，且該名詞前有限定

詞。有時用于固定詞組She

goes

to

school

on

a

bus,not

on

foot.介詞用法示例with“用/以/借助于……”，with＋

（限定詞＋）具體的工具或方法I

like

writing

the

letter

with

a

pen.through通過，憑借（某種）方式、方法You

can

only

achieve

success

through

hard

work.小試身手選詞填空。

on

in

with

through

by

1.

Ididn’thearyoubecauseIwaslisteningtothenews

?theradiothen.2.

（2024·宿遷）

readingthepublicsigns,hehadnodifficultyin

findingtheshoppingmall.on

By

3.

Mycakewasdone.Icutitintosmallpieces

?aknifeandinvited

myparentstohaveataste.4.

（2023·鎮(zhèn)江）Danceisnotjustaformofart,butalsoalanguagewhich

tellsstories

?thebody.5.

Inordertoimproveourwritingskills,Mrs.Liaskedeachofustokeepa

dairy

?Englisheveryday.with

through

in

1.

except,besides,but介詞用法示例except“只有……除外”，不包括

后面所提到的人或物The

office

is

open

every

day

except

Sundays.besides“除了……外還有……”，

相當(dāng)于as

well

asBesides

working

as

a

teacher,he

also

writes

novels

in

his

spare

time.介詞用法示例but“除……之外”，常與表示否定意義的詞連用。當(dāng)前面有動詞do時，but后跟動詞原形No

one

but

Sam

in

our

class

has

been

to

London.2.

as,like介詞用法示例as“作為；以……身份”，表

示事實As

a

teacher,John

thinks

that

his

main

duty

is

to

help

the

students

to

become

better

learners.可作連詞，表示“好像，正

如；當(dāng)……時候；隨著；因

為”When

in

Rome,do

as

the

Romans

do.like意為“像……一樣”Sometimes

you

look

just

like

my

mom!3.

within,without,with介詞用法示例within不出（某段時間或距離）；在（某段時間或距離）之內(nèi)You

should

receive

a

reply

within

seven

days.介詞用法示例without“不；有”，

表示否定He

found

the

place

without

difficulty.with和……；

用……；隨著……Who

would

you

like

to

go

there

with?4.

against,for介詞用法示例against反對；與……相反；緊靠；倚There

are

26

votes

for

him

and

8

against

him.The

rain

beat

against

the

window.for支持；擁護Are

you

for

my

idea

or

against

it?5.

其他常用介詞介詞用法示例past晚于；在……之后It

was

past

midnight

when

we

got

home.經(jīng)過；越過Will

you

go

past

my

house

on

your

way

home?介詞用法示例up向；在（較高的

位置）They

climbed

up

a

hill.

沿著；順著We

walked

up

the

road,talking

and

laughing.介詞用法示例down從（高處）往

下；向下Tears

ran

down

her

face

when

she

heard

the

good

news.沿著；順著；朝著Go

down

the

street

till

you

reach

the

traffic

lights.介詞用法示例under在（到、通過）……下面He

puts

his

shoes

under

the

bed.少于；小于；不足It

took

us

under

an

hour.including包括

Everyone

in

my

family

can

play

table

tennis,including

Tommy.以下是李華的一篇習(xí)作，其中有六處錯誤，請找出并進行改正。

Hello,everyone!I’m

Li

Hua.

Today

I

will

share

my

reading

habits

for

you.

I

love

reading.

I

spend

four

hours

a

week

in

books.

On

weekdays,

I

usually

read

before

going

to

bed.

Though

I

read

all

kinds

of

books,I’m

interested

in

history

books

most.

My

favorite

book

is

Shiji

written

of

Sima

Qian.

I

learned

many

historical

stories.forinofwithonby

Most

of

the

books

I

read

are

borrowed

to

the

library.

Sometimes,I

also

go

to

the

bookstore

and

to

buy

books

with

my

friends.

to

A

good

book

like

a

good

friend.

It

not

only

helps

me

relax,but

also

opens

up

a

whole

new

world

to

me.∧fromis\一、選詞填空。

on

in

with

between

about

1.

（2024·北京）TheChang’e-6landedonthefarsideofthemoon

June2,2024.on

2.

（2024·吉林）Look!ThestudentsinClassOnearehavingaclassmeeting.It’s

?goodhabits.3.

（2024·揚州）TheMarcoPoloMemorialHallstandsattheeastendof

DongguanStreet

?Yangzhou.about

in

4.

（2024·宜賓）Thetouchingstoryshowsusthatloveandcarecanbuilda

bridge

?humansandanimals.5.

Chinesetraditionalpaper-cuttingisanartofcuttingoutpicturesfrom

paper

?apairofscissorsoraknife.between

with

二、（2024·吉林改編）用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~完成語篇。

I’m

Frank.

When

I

was

a

little

boy,I

lived

next

1.

David.

He

liked

to

plant

trees

in

his

large

yard