中考英語(yǔ)第一輪課本知識(shí)聚焦第8講八上Units7-8

1．pollute(v.)→

(n.)污染；污染物2．believe(v.)→

(n.)相信；信仰3．disagree(v.)→

(反義詞)同意；贊成；應(yīng)允→

(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)不同意；持不同意見(jiàn)；有分歧→

(n.)意見(jiàn)不一；分歧；爭(zhēng)論4．fall(v.)→

(過(guò)去式)→

(過(guò)去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)倒塌；跌倒；掉落5．main(adj.)→

(adv.)主要地；總體上；大致6．foreign(adj.)→

(n.)外國(guó)人7．a(chǎn)ble(adj.)→

(n.)能力；才能→

(反義詞)喪失能力的；有殘疾的8．own(adj.&pron.)→

(n.)物主；主人pollutionbeliefagreedisagreeddisagreeingdisagreementfellfallenfallingmainlyforeignerabilitydisabledowner9．possible(adj.)→

(反義詞)不可能存在或發(fā)生的；不可能的→

(adv.)可能；或許→

(n.)可能；可能性10．probable(adj.)→

(adv.)很可能；大概11．final(adj.)→

(adv.)最后；最終12．shake(n.&v．)→

(過(guò)去式)→

(過(guò)去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)搖動(dòng)；抖動(dòng)13．a(chǎn)dd.(v.)→

(n.)加；增加；加法14．peace(n.)→

(adj.)和平的；安寧的→

(adv.)平靜地；安寧地15．danger(n.)→___________(adj.)有危險(xiǎn)的；不安全的→

(n.反義詞)安全16．Japan(n.)→

(n.)日本人；日語(yǔ)→

(adj.)日本的，日本人的；日語(yǔ)的impossiblepossiblypossibilityprobablyfinallyshookshakenshakingaddingpeacefulpeacefullydangeroussafetyJapaneseJapanese17．spoon(n.)→_________________(n.)一匙；一匙的量18．salt(n.)→

(adj.)含鹽的；咸的19．tradition(n.)→

(adj.)傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的20．a(chǎn)dvice(n.)→

(v.)勸告；建議21．experience(n.)→

(pl.)經(jīng)歷→

(adj.)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；有閱歷的；有見(jiàn)識(shí)的；熟練的22．dig(v.)→

(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)掘(地)；鑿(洞)；挖(土)23．travel(v.&n．)→

(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)→____________________(現(xiàn)在分詞)旅行；游歷→_________________________(n.)漂泊者；旅行者；游客spoonfulsaltytraditionaladviseexperiencesexperienceddugdiggingtraveled/travelledtraveling/travellingtraveler/traveller24．celebrate(v.)→

(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)慶祝；慶賀→

(n.)慶?；蜃ＹR(的活動(dòng)或場(chǎng)合)25．mix(v.)→

(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)(使)混合；融合→

(n.)混合；混合狀態(tài)；混合物celebratedcelebratingcelebrationmixedmixingmixture1．參與(某事)；發(fā)揮作用________________2．未來(lái)，將來(lái)______________3．太空站_______________4．多次，反復(fù)地___________________5．醒來(lái)，喚醒___________6．不同意_________________7．突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌____________8．尋找，尋求_____________9．奶昔_____________10．接通；打開(kāi)_______________11．把……倒入……________________12．取出，拿出____________13．一片(塊，張)_____________14．用……裝滿(mǎn)……_______________playapartinthefuturespacestationoverandoveragainwakeupdisagreewithfalldownlookformilkshaketurnono...takeoutapieceoffill...with...1．—______people_______money____________？“100年后人們還會(huì)使用錢(qián)嗎？”—No，________．Everythingwill________．“不會(huì)。一切都是免費(fèi)的?！?．—Willpeople___________200yearsold？“人們會(huì)活到兩百歲嗎？”—Yes，_________．“是的，人們會(huì)。”3．Everyoneshould______________________theearth.每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡一份力來(lái)拯救地球。4．—_____________worldpeace？“世界會(huì)和平嗎？”—Yes，I__________．“會(huì)的，我希望如此。”Willusein

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so5．Today___________alreadyrobots_____________infactories.現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有機(jī)器人在工廠工作了。6．Forexample，scientistJamesWhitethinksthatrobots________________beableto_____________andknowwheretheyare.例如，科學(xué)家詹姆斯·懷特認(rèn)為機(jī)器人將決不會(huì)醒來(lái)并知道它們?cè)谀睦铩?．__________willlooklikehumans，and___________mightlooklikeanimals.一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像動(dòng)物。8．__________________abananamilkshake？你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？9．_________________doweneed？我們需要多少蘋(píng)果？10．Doyouknow__________plantatree？你知道如何種樹(shù)嗎？11．Now，______________thericenoodles！現(xiàn)在，到了享受米線的時(shí)候了！there

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enjoy※作出預(yù)測(cè)(Makepredictions)1．—Doyouthinktherewillberobotsinpeople'shomes—Yes，therewill.Ithinkeveryhomewillhavearobot.2．—Whatwillthefuturebelike—Citieswillbemorepolluted.Andtherewillbefewertrees.※描述過(guò)程和遵循指示(Describeaprocessandfollowinstructions)1．—Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake—First，peelthebanana.Next，putthebananasintheblender.Then，pourthemilkintotheblender.Finally，turnontheblender.2．—Howmanybananasdoweneed—Weneedthreebananas.1．一般將來(lái)時(shí)II(will)(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P194)2．祈使語(yǔ)氣(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P201)3．可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P157)4．howmuch與howmany(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P202)5．副詞的序列(見(jiàn)本書(shū)P181)1．—Haveyoufinishedtheposterfortheparty—Notyet.I____itintwodays.(2015，山西21題)A．finishB．finishedC．willfinish2．—It'ssaidthatacollegestudenthada___toTibetwith500yuanforamonth.—Howsurprising！Onceyouhaveanideatogosomewhere，doit！(2014，山西17題)A．matchB．travelC．changeCB?paper【典例在線】apieceofpaper一張紙；twopiecesofpaper兩張紙Wherearemyexampapers？Ican'tfindthem.我的試卷在哪里？我找不到它們了。【拓展精析】paper表示“紙；紙張”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。若表示紙張的數(shù)量時(shí)，通常用．..piece(s)of。paper還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為“報(bào)紙；試卷；論文”等。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為papers?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)Pleasepickupthe____.Don'tkeepitonthefloor.A．paperB．boxesC．booksD．bottles2)—CanIhelpyou—I'dliketohave100____.Iwantmystudentstodrawpictures.A．pieceofpaperB．piecesofpaperC．piecesofpapersD．pieceofpapersAB?keep【典例在線】It'sourdutytokeeptheclassroomclean.保持教室干凈是我們的職責(zé)。ThecleverMonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelptheweak.聰明的猴王一直為了幫助弱者而戰(zhàn)斗。Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinhisear.有時(shí)他把棒子變得很小以至于能藏在耳朵里。Theclock'sloudtickingkeptmefromsleepinglastnight.昨晚，鬧鐘的滴答聲吵得我睡不著。【拓展精析】keepsb./sth.＋形容詞，使某人或某物保持某種狀態(tài)。keepsb./sth.＋介詞短語(yǔ)，使某人或某物保留在某地。keep(sb.)doingsth.(使某人)反復(fù)地/不停地做某事。keepsb.fromdoingsth.防止或阻止某人做某事，相當(dāng)于stop/preventsb.fromdoingsth.。相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)系；keepone'scool沉住氣，保持冷靜；keep...awayfrom避免接近，遠(yuǎn)離?！净顚W(xué)活用】3)It'sourdutytokeeptheenvironment____beingpolluted.A．withB．fromC．to4)你認(rèn)為我們青少年應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)絡(luò)嗎？(2015，黃岡)Doyouthinkweteenagersshould_______________theInternet？(keep)Bkeep

away

from?fill【典例在線】Pleasefilltheglasswithwater.請(qǐng)把杯子裝滿(mǎn)水。Theglassisfilledwithwater.＝Theglassisfullofwater.玻璃杯里裝滿(mǎn)了水?！就卣咕觥縡ill動(dòng)詞，意為“(使)充滿(mǎn)；裝滿(mǎn)”，常用于“fill...with...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“用……把……裝滿(mǎn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程。full為fill的形容詞形式，意為“裝滿(mǎn)的；充滿(mǎn)的”。常用短語(yǔ)：befilledwith＝befullof裝滿(mǎn)；充滿(mǎn)；填滿(mǎn)。【活學(xué)活用】5)WhenIheardmybabygirlsayherfirstword，myheartwas____withjoy.A．filledB．preparedC．shownD．fullA?hundredsof【典例在線】Theyagreeitmaytakehundredsofyears.他們一致認(rèn)為這可能要花幾百年的時(shí)間。OvertwohundredstudentsvisitedthefarmlastSunday.上個(gè)星期天有兩百多名學(xué)生參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)?！就卣咕觥縣undred，thousand，million，billion為數(shù)量單位，當(dāng)與具體的數(shù)字連用時(shí)，本身不加-s，其后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)表示不確定數(shù)目，意為“數(shù)以百計(jì)、數(shù)以千計(jì)、數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)”時(shí)，本身加-s，并與of連用，其后也加名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式?！净顚W(xué)活用】6)Whenhearrivedattheairport，LeeMinhofoundthat____________(數(shù)百)fanswerewaitingforhimthere.7)Samenjoyscollecting.Hehascollectedoverthree__________(百)stamps.8)Thereare_____studentsinourschool.(2016，邵陽(yáng))A．hundredsB．hundredsofC．hundredofhundredsofhundredB?Therewillbelessfreetime.空閑時(shí)間將會(huì)更少?！镜淅诰€】Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirhomes.人們家里將會(huì)有機(jī)器人。Ithinktherewillbefewertrees.我認(rèn)為樹(shù)將會(huì)更少。I'mgoingtostudymathreallyhard.我打算努力學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)?！就卣咕觥恳话銓?lái)時(shí)：will/begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示“將要做什么”。表有計(jì)劃性進(jìn)行或跡象表明通常用begoingto。Therewillbe...＝Thereisgoingtobe...是therebe句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)，意為“(某地/某時(shí))將會(huì)有……”。【活學(xué)活用】1)There_______asportsmeetinginourschoolnextmonth.(2016，湘潭)A．willbeB．willhaveC．isgoingtohaveA?Willpeopleusemoneyin100years？一百年后人們還會(huì)用錢(qián)(幣)嗎？【典例在線】They'llleaveforLondonintwoweeks.兩周后他們將前往倫敦。We'llcomebackaftersixo'clock.我們將在六點(diǎn)之后回來(lái)。Shegotthereafterthreedays.她三天后到達(dá)了那里。【拓展精析】in與after都可以表示時(shí)間。“in＋一段時(shí)間”，用來(lái)表示從現(xiàn)在算起的“過(guò)一段時(shí)間以后”，常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的一定句中。通常與go，come，start，arrive，return，finish等表示瞬間動(dòng)作的終止性動(dòng)詞連用。常用來(lái)回答“Howsoon...？”的問(wèn)句?！癮fter＋一段時(shí)間”用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去算起的“過(guò)一段時(shí)間以后”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不可用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；“after＋具體時(shí)間或某一具體事項(xiàng)”作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也可用一般將來(lái)時(shí)?！净顚W(xué)活用】2)Herbirthdayis

_____winter，themostbeautifulseasoninayear.(2016，株洲)A．inB．a(chǎn)tC．on3)TheDragonBoatFestivalthisyearwillcome____fourdays.(2015，安徽)A．a(chǎn)fterB．forC．duringD．inAD?more，fewer與less【典例在線】Youcanuselesswaterandplantmoretrees.你可以用更少的水，種更多的樹(shù)。Peoplewillhavemorefreetimebecausetherewillbefewerthingstodo.因?yàn)闀?huì)有更少的事情要做，人們將會(huì)有更多的空閑時(shí)間。【拓展精析】more意為“更多”，是many，much的比較級(jí)，既修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又修飾不可數(shù)名詞。fewer意為“更少”，是few的比較級(jí)，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。less意為“更少”，是little的比較級(jí)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞?！咀⒁狻縯hemost意為“最多”，是many，much的最高級(jí)；thefewest，theleast意為“最少”，分別是few，little的最高級(jí)。【活學(xué)活用】1)—Playingvideogamesisawasteoftime.—Ican'tagreemore.Thereare_____meaningfulthingstodo.(2016，蘇州)A．themostB．theleastC．moreD．less2)—WealllikeLucyassheisalwaysthinking____ofothersthanherself.(2016，泰安)A．lessB．muchmoreC．muchD．better3)—Bobisasmartboss!—Yes，soheis.Heknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.Andhealwaysdoestheworkwith_____moneyandpeople.(2016，衡陽(yáng))A．less；lessB．fewer；lessC．less；fewerCBC?yet與already【典例在線】Ihavefinishedreadingthebookalready.我已經(jīng)讀完這本書(shū)了?！狧aveyoufoundthebookyet？你已經(jīng)找到那本書(shū)了嗎？—Notyet.還沒(méi)找到。Shehasn'tfinishedherhomeworkyet.她還沒(méi)有做完她的作業(yè)?！就卣咕觥縜lready常用于一定句中，意為“已經(jīng)”；yet常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，在疑問(wèn)句中意為“已經(jīng)”，在否定句中意為“還”，常放在句末?！净顚W(xué)活用】4)The3DTitanicisamovingfilm.Myparentshaveseenittwice_____．A．yetB．a(chǎn)lreadyC．neverD．a(chǎn)lmost5)—HaveyoubeentoShanghai_____—Yes，I'vebeentheretwice.A．a(chǎn)lready；alreadyB．a(chǎn)lready；yetC．yet；alreadyD．yet；yetCB?another與more【典例在線】Addthecabbage，tomatoesandonionandcookforanother10minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥，再煮上10分鐘。Thereisn'tenoughmeat，weneedsomemore.肉不夠，我們需要再多一些?！就卣咕觥?jī)烧叨贾冈谠瓉?lái)的基礎(chǔ)上再增加一些，但所處的位置不同：another＋基數(shù)詞＋名詞；基詞數(shù)＋more＋名詞?！净顚W(xué)活用】6)—Ifyouprefertheredevening