中考英語第一輪課本知識聚焦第8講八上Units7-8

1．pollute(v.)→

(n.)污染；污染物2．believe(v.)→

(n.)相信；信仰3．disagree(v.)→

(反義詞)同意；贊成；應允→

(過去式/過去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)不同意；持不同意見；有分歧→

(n.)意見不一；分歧；爭論4．fall(v.)→

(過去式)→

(過去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)倒塌；跌倒；掉落5．main(adj.)→

(adv.)主要地；總體上；大致6．foreign(adj.)→

(n.)外國人7．a(chǎn)ble(adj.)→

(n.)能力；才能→

(反義詞)喪失能力的；有殘疾的8．own(adj.&pron.)→

(n.)物主；主人pollutionbeliefagreedisagreeddisagreeingdisagreementfellfallenfallingmainlyforeignerabilitydisabledowner9．possible(adj.)→

(反義詞)不可能存在或發(fā)生的；不可能的→

(adv.)可能；或許→

(n.)可能；可能性10．probable(adj.)→

(adv.)很可能；大概11．final(adj.)→

(adv.)最后；最終12．shake(n.&v．)→

(過去式)→

(過去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)搖動；抖動13．a(chǎn)dd.(v.)→

(n.)加；增加；加法14．peace(n.)→

(adj.)和平的；安寧的→

(adv.)平靜地；安寧地15．danger(n.)→___________(adj.)有危險的；不安全的→

(n.反義詞)安全16．Japan(n.)→

(n.)日本人；日語→

(adj.)日本的，日本人的；日語的impossiblepossiblypossibilityprobablyfinallyshookshakenshakingaddingpeacefulpeacefullydangeroussafetyJapaneseJapanese17．spoon(n.)→_________________(n.)一匙；一匙的量18．salt(n.)→

(adj.)含鹽的；咸的19．tradition(n.)→

(adj.)傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的20．a(chǎn)dvice(n.)→

(v.)勸告；建議21．experience(n.)→

(pl.)經(jīng)歷→

(adj.)有經(jīng)驗的；有閱歷的；有見識的；熟練的22．dig(v.)→

(過去式/過去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)掘(地)；鑿(洞)；挖(土)23．travel(v.&n．)→

(過去式/過去分詞)→____________________(現(xiàn)在分詞)旅行；游歷→_________________________(n.)漂泊者；旅行者；游客spoonfulsaltytraditionaladviseexperiencesexperienceddugdiggingtraveled/travelledtraveling/travellingtraveler/traveller24．celebrate(v.)→

(過去式/過去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)慶祝；慶賀→

(n.)慶祝或祝賀(的活動或場合)25．mix(v.)→

(過去式/過去分詞)→

(現(xiàn)在分詞)(使)混合；融合→

(n.)混合；混合狀態(tài)；混合物celebratedcelebratingcelebrationmixedmixingmixture1．參與(某事)；發(fā)揮作用________________2．未來，將來______________3．太空站_______________4．多次，反復地___________________5．醒來，喚醒___________6．不同意_________________7．突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌____________8．尋找，尋求_____________9．奶昔_____________10．接通；打開_______________11．把……倒入……________________12．取出，拿出____________13．一片(塊，張)_____________14．用……裝滿……_______________playapartinthefuturespacestationoverandoveragainwakeupdisagreewithfalldownlookformilkshaketurnono...takeoutapieceoffill...with...1．—______people_______money____________？“100年后人們還會使用錢嗎？”—No，________．Everythingwill________．“不會。一切都是免費的?！?．—Willpeople___________200yearsold？“人們會活到兩百歲嗎？”—Yes，_________．“是的，人們會。”3．Everyoneshould______________________theearth.每一個人都應當盡一份力來拯救地球。4．—_____________worldpeace？“世界會和平嗎？”—Yes，I__________．“會的，我希望如此。”Willusein

100

yearsthey

won'tbe

freelive

to

bethey

willplay

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savingWill

there

behope

so5．Today___________alreadyrobots_____________infactories.現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有機器人在工廠工作了。6．Forexample，scientistJamesWhitethinksthatrobots________________beableto_____________andknowwheretheyare.例如，科學家詹姆斯·懷特認為機器人將決不會醒來并知道它們在哪里。7．__________willlooklikehumans，and___________mightlooklikeanimals.一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像動物。8．__________________abananamilkshake？你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？9．_________________doweneed？我們需要多少蘋果？10．Doyouknow__________plantatree？你知道如何種樹嗎？11．Now，______________thericenoodles！現(xiàn)在，到了享受米線的時候了！there

areworkingwill

neverwake

upSomeothersHow

do

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many

appleshow

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enjoy※作出預測(Makepredictions)1．—Doyouthinktherewillberobotsinpeople'shomes—Yes，therewill.Ithinkeveryhomewillhavearobot.2．—Whatwillthefuturebelike—Citieswillbemorepolluted.Andtherewillbefewertrees.※描述過程和遵循指示(Describeaprocessandfollowinstructions)1．—Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake—First，peelthebanana.Next，putthebananasintheblender.Then，pourthemilkintotheblender.Finally，turnontheblender.2．—Howmanybananasdoweneed—Weneedthreebananas.1．一般將來時II(will)(見本書P194)2．祈使語氣(見本書P201)3．可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞(見本書P157)4．howmuch與howmany(見本書P202)5．副詞的序列(見本書P181)1．—Haveyoufinishedtheposterfortheparty—Notyet.I____itintwodays.(2015，山西21題)A．finishB．finishedC．willfinish2．—It'ssaidthatacollegestudenthada___toTibetwith500yuanforamonth.—Howsurprising！Onceyouhaveanideatogosomewhere，doit！(2014，山西17題)A．matchB．travelC．changeCB?paper【典例在線】apieceofpaper一張紙；twopiecesofpaper兩張紙Wherearemyexampapers？Ican'tfindthem.我的試卷在哪里？我找不到它們了?！就卣咕觥縫aper表示“紙；紙張”時，為不可數(shù)名詞。若表示紙張的數(shù)量時，通常用．..piece(s)of。paper還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為“報紙；試卷；論文”等。其復數(shù)形式為papers。【活學活用】1)Pleasepickupthe____.Don'tkeepitonthefloor.A．paperB．boxesC．booksD．bottles2)—CanIhelpyou—I'dliketohave100____.Iwantmystudentstodrawpictures.A．pieceofpaperB．piecesofpaperC．piecesofpapersD．pieceofpapersAB?keep【典例在線】It'sourdutytokeeptheclassroomclean.保持教室干凈是我們的職責。ThecleverMonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelptheweak.聰明的猴王一直為了幫助弱者而戰(zhàn)斗。Sometimeshecanmakethesticksosmallthathecankeepitinhisear.有時他把棒子變得很小以至于能藏在耳朵里。Theclock'sloudtickingkeptmefromsleepinglastnight.昨晚，鬧鐘的滴答聲吵得我睡不著?！就卣咕觥縦eepsb./sth.＋形容詞，使某人或某物保持某種狀態(tài)。keepsb./sth.＋介詞短語，使某人或某物保留在某地。keep(sb.)doingsth.(使某人)反復地/不停地做某事。keepsb.fromdoingsth.防止或阻止某人做某事，相當于stop/preventsb.fromdoingsth.。相關短語：keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)系；keepone'scool沉住氣，保持冷靜；keep...awayfrom避免接近，遠離?！净顚W活用】3)It'sourdutytokeeptheenvironment____beingpolluted.A．withB．fromC．to4)你認為我們青少年應該遠離網(wǎng)絡嗎？(2015，黃岡)Doyouthinkweteenagersshould_______________theInternet？(keep)Bkeep

away

from?fill【典例在線】Pleasefilltheglasswithwater.請把杯子裝滿水。Theglassisfilledwithwater.＝Theglassisfullofwater.玻璃杯里裝滿了水。【拓展精析】fill動詞，意為“(使)充滿；裝滿”，常用于“fill...with...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“用……把……裝滿”，強調(diào)動作的過程。full為fill的形容詞形式，意為“裝滿的；充滿的”。常用短語：befilledwith＝befullof裝滿；充滿；填滿?！净顚W活用】5)WhenIheardmybabygirlsayherfirstword，myheartwas____withjoy.A．filledB．preparedC．shownD．fullA?hundredsof【典例在線】Theyagreeitmaytakehundredsofyears.他們一致認為這可能要花幾百年的時間。OvertwohundredstudentsvisitedthefarmlastSunday.上個星期天有兩百多名學生參觀了農(nóng)場?！就卣咕觥縣undred，thousand，million，billion為數(shù)量單位，當與具體的數(shù)字連用時，本身不加-s，其后加名詞復數(shù)形式。當表示不確定數(shù)目，意為“數(shù)以百計、數(shù)以千計、數(shù)以百萬計”時，本身加-s，并與of連用，其后也加名詞復數(shù)形式?！净顚W活用】6)Whenhearrivedattheairport，LeeMinhofoundthat____________(數(shù)百)fanswerewaitingforhimthere.7)Samenjoyscollecting.Hehascollectedoverthree__________(百)stamps.8)Thereare_____studentsinourschool.(2016，邵陽)A．hundredsB．hundredsofC．hundredofhundredsofhundredB?Therewillbelessfreetime.空閑時間將會更少。【典例在線】Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirhomes.人們家里將會有機器人。Ithinktherewillbefewertrees.我認為樹將會更少。I'mgoingtostudymathreallyhard.我打算努力學數(shù)學?！就卣咕觥恳话銓頃r：will/begoingto＋動詞原形，表示“將要做什么”。表有計劃性進行或跡象表明通常用begoingto。Therewillbe...＝Thereisgoingtobe...是therebe句型的一般將來時，意為“(某地/某時)將會有……”。【活學活用】1)There_______asportsmeetinginourschoolnextmonth.(2016，湘潭)A．willbeB．willhaveC．isgoingtohaveA?Willpeopleusemoneyin100years？一百年后人們還會用錢(幣)嗎？【典例在線】They'llleaveforLondonintwoweeks.兩周后他們將前往倫敦。We'llcomebackaftersixo'clock.我們將在六點之后回來。Shegotthereafterthreedays.她三天后到達了那里?！就卣咕觥縤n與after都可以表示時間?！癷n＋一段時間”，用來表示從現(xiàn)在算起的“過一段時間以后”，常用于一般將來時的一定句中。通常與go，come，start，arrive，return，finish等表示瞬間動作的終止性動詞連用。常用來回答“Howsoon...？”的問句?！癮fter＋一段時間”用來表示從過去算起的“過一段時間以后”，謂語動詞用一般過去時，不可用一般將來時；“after＋具體時間或某一具體事項”作時間狀語時，謂語動詞可用一般過去時，也可用一般將來時?！净顚W活用】2)Herbirthdayis

_____winter，themostbeautifulseasoninayear.(2016，株洲)A．inB．a(chǎn)tC．on3)TheDragonBoatFestivalthisyearwillcome____fourdays.(2015，安徽)A．a(chǎn)fterB．forC．duringD．inAD?more，fewer與less【典例在線】Youcanuselesswaterandplantmoretrees.你可以用更少的水，種更多的樹。Peoplewillhavemorefreetimebecausetherewillbefewerthingstodo.因為會有更少的事情要做，人們將會有更多的空閑時間?！就卣咕觥縨ore意為“更多”，是many，much的比較級，既修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，又修飾不可數(shù)名詞。fewer意為“更少”，是few的比較級，修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。less意為“更少”，是little的比較級，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。【注意】themost意為“最多”，是many，much的最高級；thefewest，theleast意為“最少”，分別是few，little的最高級?！净顚W活用】1)—Playingvideogamesisawasteoftime.—Ican'tagreemore.Thereare_____meaningfulthingstodo.(2016，蘇州)A．themostB．theleastC．moreD．less2)—WealllikeLucyassheisalwaysthinking____ofothersthanherself.(2016，泰安)A．lessB．muchmoreC．muchD．better3)—Bobisasmartboss!—Yes，soheis.Heknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.Andhealwaysdoestheworkwith_____moneyandpeople.(2016，衡陽)A．less；lessB．fewer；lessC．less；fewerCBC?yet與already【典例在線】Ihavefinishedreadingthebookalready.我已經(jīng)讀完這本書了?！狧aveyoufoundthebookyet？你已經(jīng)找到那本書了嗎？—Notyet.還沒找到。Shehasn'tfinishedherhomeworkyet.她還沒有做完她的作業(yè)?！就卣咕觥縜lready常用于一定句中，意為“已經(jīng)”；yet常用于疑問句或否定句中，在疑問句中意為“已經(jīng)”，在否定句中意為“還”，常放在句末。【活學活用】4)The3DTitanicisamovingfilm.Myparentshaveseenittwice_____．A．yetB．a(chǎn)lreadyC．neverD．a(chǎn)lmost5)—HaveyoubeentoShanghai_____—Yes，I'vebeentheretwice.A．a(chǎn)lready；alreadyB．a(chǎn)lready；yetC．yet；alreadyD．yet；yetCB?another與more【典例在線】Addthecabbage，tomatoesandonionandcookforanother10minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥，再煮上10分鐘。Thereisn'tenoughmeat，weneedsomemore.肉不夠，我們需要再多一些?！就卣咕觥績烧叨贾冈谠瓉淼幕A上再增加一些，但所處的位置不同：another＋基數(shù)詞＋名詞；基詞數(shù)＋more＋名詞?！净顚W活用】6)—Ifyouprefertheredevening