廣東中考英語2020-2024年5年真題匯編-學生版-專題07 閱讀理解之說明文

廣東中考英語2020-2024年5年真題匯編-學生版——專題07閱讀理解之說明文【五年考情回顧】年份體裁主題內容2024年說明文本文進行一個研究，研究結果表明人類可以通過聽雞的叫聲來判斷它是高興還是悲傷。2023年說明文本文介紹了動物天生就具有某些不尋常的方向感。2022年說明文本文介紹了紙扇可以保持涼爽，以及制作紙扇的步驟。2021年說明文1.食物浪費是當今社會一個很大的問題，Laura開發(fā)了一個應用可以幫助解決這個問題。2.Manor農場在舉行采摘活動，那里有美味的草莓，歡迎人們來采摘。在今年新冠肺炎疫情形勢下，為了給客戶營造安全的戶外環(huán)境，該農場特做了一些說明。2020年說明文1.文章主要介紹了馬里大象項目(MEP)保護大象的舉措和努力。2.本文主要介紹了兩個有趣的適合學生做的團隊活動：水接力賽和真相與謊言。（2024·廣東·中考真題）Peopleknowanimalsdohavefeelings,buttheyarenotsureifthesefeelingsarecorrectlyunderstood.Inrecentyears,scientistshavedoneresearchaboutthefeelingsofcows,frogsandpandas.▲Itsaysthathumanscantellwhetherachickenishappyorsadbylisteningtoitscalls.Theresearchersputabowlbehindadoor.Insidethebowl,sometimes,therewassomethingchickenslovetoeat,suchasriceorinsects.Sometimes,therewasnothing.Whenthechickenssawfoodbehindthedoor,theyseemedhappyandproducedfastandloudsounds,knownasfoodcalls.Whentherewasn’tfood,thechickensmadelowandlongnoisestoexpressdisappointment.Theresearchersrecordedallthesesoundsandstudiedtheirwaves.Thentheresearcherschose16recordingsofsuchchickennoises.Halfwerefromthechickensseeingthefoodandhalfwerefromthechickensfindingnofood.Therecordingswereplayedto194volunteers.Sixty-ninepercentofthevolunteerscorrectlyunderstoodwhetherthechickenswerefeelinghappyornot,andsomeofthemevenhadnoexperienceoftakingcareofchickens.Theresultshowsthathumanshavethenaturalabilitytounderstandthefeelingsofchickens.Hopefully,thisfindingcanbringaboutnewtechnologytohelpwithchicken-raising,abigindustryinmanycountries.Somescientistsarealreadyworkingonasmartcomputerprogramthatcanidentifychickens’feelings.Thisisgoodnewsforfarmerswhowanttomakethebirdshappierandhealthier.1．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin“________”inParagraph1?A．Humansmaynotlikeanimals. B．Scientistsknownothingaboutit.C．Nobodyknowswhythishappens. D．Anewstudyaddschickenstothelist.2．Whichismostprobablythesoundwaveofahappycallbyachicken?A． B． C． D．3．Howdidthevolunteershelpwiththeresearch?A．Bylisteningtothechickencalls. B．Bytakingcareofthechickens.C．Byfindingfoodforthechickens. D．Bymakingthechickenshappy.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”meaninParagraph4?A．Control. B．Hide. C．Recognize. D．Hurt.5．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Chickens’FoodCalls B．HappyChickens,SadChickensC．Farmers’BestChoice D．SmartFarmers,HealthyFarmers（2023·廣東·中考真題）Someanimalscaneasilyfindtheirwayhomeafteralongjourney.Howdotheymakeit?Scientificresearchshowsthattheyarebornwithcertainunusualabilitiesfordirection.Acertainkindofants,forexample,cancounttheirstepstoavoidgettinglost.Theycangoasfaras110metresandbringfoodhome.Theseantsliveintheopendesert(沙漠),sotheyhavenothingtoguidethemalongtheway.It’slikesomeonewalkingsixkilometresthroughadarkforest.Somefishhaveanunbelievablesenseofsmell.Theycansmellevenasingledropoftheirhomewaterinalargeseaarea.Someseabirdshaveasimilarability.Theyareabletomakeasmellmapoftheirflyingarea.Someanimalscansensetheearth’smagneticfield(磁場),whilehumanscan’t.Thismagneticfieldguidesacertainkindoffishwhentheyswimalongwaytoaplaceandthenback.Howcanthiskindoffishdothat?Itisstillamystery.Scientistshavenogoodanswersyet.However,animalswithsuchunusualabilitiesstillhavedifficultydealingwithenvironmentalchangescausedbyhumanactivities.Forexample,manybirdsdependonstarsfordirection,buttheygetlosteasilyatnightwhencitylightsarekeptonallnight.Tosolvethisproblem,wecansimplyturnoffsomelightsatnight.Clearly,onesmallactofhumansmaymeanalottoanimals.6．Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?A．Astorybook. B．Anartmagazine.C．Aguidebook. D．Asciencemagazine.7．Howcanacertainkindofantsfindtheirway?A．Byimaginingtheway. B．Bycountingtheirsteps.C．Bybringingfoodtogether D．Bywalkingthroughaforest.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mystery”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling.9．Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Tohelpanimals. B．Totravelatnight.C．Tokeepcitylightson. D．Todevelopunusualabilities.10．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Birds’SenseofLight B．Fish’sSenseofSmellC．Animals’SenseofDirection D．Animals’SenseofMagneticField（2023·廣東·中考真題）Whenit’shotoutsideandwehavetogoout,surelywewanttokeepcool.Wecanputonhats,wearlightclothing,orstayatacoolplace.However,nothingcanbeatagoodfan.NowI’llshowyouhowtomakeagoodDIY(DoItYourself)paperfan.WhattopreparePleasepreparetwopiecesofpaper.Allpaperwillwork,butyourDIYfancanbeusedforalongtimewithquality(優(yōu)質的)paper.Thengetglue,twosticks,etc.HowtomakeaDIYfanThefirststepistodrawpicturesonthepaper.Justdrawanythingyoulike.Thenextstepistofoldup(折疊)thepaper.Thengluethetwopiecesoffoldedpapertogether.Afterthat,paintthesticks.Thefinalstepistogluethesticksontothefoldedpaper.Andeverythingisdone.Ifyoulookatyourwatch,youwillbesurprised:ittakeslessthan15minutestomakeagoodpaperfan.Thenyoucanfolditupanddropitinyourbag.Whenyouareoutintheheatnexttime,justtakeitoutandenjoythegentlewind.11．Whichisthebestwaytokeepcoolaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Puttingonhats. B．Usingagoodfan.C．Wearinglightclothing. D．Stayingatacoolplace.12．Whyisqualitypaperagoodchoicetomakeafan?A．Itislight. B．Itiscolorful.C．Itlastslong. D．Itlooksbeautiful.13．Whatisthesecondstepofmakingapaperfan?A．Paintingthesticks.B．Drawingpicturesonthepaper.C．Foldingupthepaper.D．Gluingthesticksontothefoldedpaper.14．Fromthelastparagraph,wecantellthatmakingapaperfanis________.A．quick B．difficult C．boring D．strange15．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Tosellpaperfans. B．Toshowhowtosavetime.C．Toshareafunstory. D．Toteachhowtomakepaperfans.（2021·廣東·中考真題）Accordingtoaresearchmorethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgotowasteinLaura’scountryeachyear.Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsupply(供應).Itisasadfactespeciallywhenyouconsiderhowmanyfamiliesandhomelesspeopleareinhunger.WhenLaurasawherschooldininghallthrowawayfoodthatwasnoteatenatalleveryday,shecameupwithanidea.Shestartedaprojecttohelpherschooldininghalltogiveawayuneatenfoodtohomelessshelters(庇護所)inhercommunity.Inthepastthreeyears,thesameprojecthasspreadtootherschoolsandsomefastfoodrestaurantsthroughoutthecity.TheprojectiscalledFeed&find,andhasalreadyfedthousandsofpeopleinhercity.Howdoesitwork?Throughanapp,Feed&Findmatcheslocalhomelessshelterswithschooldininghallsandrestaurantsthathaveuneatenfoodtoprovide.Whendininghallsorrestaurantshaveuneatenfoodleft,theycanusetheapptosharetheinformationaboutthefood.Atruckdriverworkingfortheprojectisthensenttopickitupandtakeittoashelter.Prettycool,right?It’snotsurprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaurahopingthatshecouldhavedevelopedsimilarprojectsfortheircommunities.Somepeople,however,haveconcernsaboutthesafetyoftheuneatenfood.Theythinksuchfoodmaynotbecleanenough.Still,thisprojectisacleverwaytohelpsolvetheproblemoffoodwasteandithelpsthoseinneed.16．Thenumbersinparagraph1tellus________.A．somepeoplearepoor B．foodwasteisseriousC．thepopulationislarge D．theresearchisinteresting17．Laura’sprojectfirstgotfoodfrom________.A．herschooldininghall B．herfamilyC．afastfoodrestaurant D．homelessshelter18．PeopleinothercitieswouldlikeLaurato________.A．findatruckdriver B．visittheircommunitiesC．giveawayfoodtothem D．helpdevelopprojectslikehers19．Theunderlinedwords“concerns”inthispassagemeans________.A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions20．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．ADiningGuideApp B．AFoodSharingProjectC．ADrivingServiceApp D．AFoodSafetyProject（2021·廣東·中考真題）WelcometoManorFarmU-pickActivities.Weareknownforourdeliciousstrawberries.Weinviteyoutovisitthefarmandenjoyourfreshproductsandgreatfarmingexperiences.We’lltryourbesttocreateasafeopen-airenvironmentforourcustomersunderthecircumstances(情況)ofCOVID-19thisyear.Pleasereadtheinstructionsbelow.Topickthestrawberries,youneedtomakeareservation(預約)onourwebsite.Reservationsareopenfrom13:00to20:00thedaybeforethepickingday.Pleasedon’tcometothefarmifyouaresick.Onthefarm,youneedtostayatleasttwometersawayfromanyoneyoudon’tlivewith.Forsafety,youmustuseournewbasketsonly.Abasketalonecosts5yuan.Itholdsabout2kgofstrawberriesandabasketofstrawberriesispricedat50yuanintotal.Ifchildrencome,theyMUSTstayclosetotheirparents.RunningupanddownthestrawberryrowswillNOTbeallowed.Ourworkerswilltellthemwheretostartpickingandthechildrenshouldlisten.Wehopechildrenwillfollowoursafetyrulesinourfields.Nopetsareallowedonthefarm.Anyquestions,pleasecallusat906-256-523.21．IfyougotothefarmonAugust8th,youcanmakeareservationat________.A．10:00onAugust6th B．10:00onAugust7thC．14:00onAugust6th D．14:00onAugust7th22．Thefarmprovidesnewbaskets________.A．tocutdownthecost B．toprotecttheenvironmentC．tokeepcustomerssafe D．tocarrymorestrawberries23．Onthefarm,childrenareaskedto________.A．plantsomestrawberries B．runalongtherowsC．stayclosetotheirparents D．lookaftertheirpets24．Formoreinformation,youcan________.A．writeanemail B．makeaphonecallC．sendavoicemessage D．watchnewsonTV25．Theinstructionsaremostprobablyfrom________.A．afarmowner B．ateacher C．anewsreporter D．acustomer（2020·廣東·中考真題）OncethereweremanythousandsofGourmaDesert(沙漠)elephantsinMali,acountryinWestAfrica.Now,therearefewerthanfourhundred.Whydidthenumberoftheelephantsdropsoquickly?Ontheonehand,theelephants’mainlake,theironlywatersource(來源),driedup.Ontheotherhand,thelandwhichtheelephantslivedonwasoverusedbyhumans.Toprotecttheelephants’livingenvironment,theMaliElephantProject(MEP)wasstartedin2007.MEPmetwithlocalpeopleandhelpedthemmakerulesofusinglandandwater.Asaresult,thesituationbecamebetterandtherewasmorefood,forestandgrassland.However,from2012to2016,poaching(偷獵)andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly.Eighty-threeelephantswerelostin2015alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantwerekilledin2016.“Ifthissituationgoeson,alltheGourmaelephantswillbekilledby2020,”saidamemberofMEP.Luckily,thevoiceofMEPwasheard.Moreorganizations(組織)havejoinedtogethertoeducatethelocalpeoplethattradingelephantsisagainstthelaw.Elephantpoachinghasdroppedtoaverylowlevel.Thelocalpeoplehavelearnedtolivepeacefullywiththeelephants,oneofthewildlifetreasuresintheworld.26．MEPwasstartedto________.A．raisemoreelephantsinMali B．stopthemainlakefromdryingupC．discoverwatersourceforelephants D．protecttheelephants’livingenvironment27．Whatdoestheword“illegal”inParagraph4meaninChinese?A．公平的 B．虧損的 C．非法的 D．合理的28．Eighty-threeelephantswerelost________.A．in2012 B．in2015 C．in2016 D．in202029．Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．thenumberoforganizationshasdropped B．thereismuchlesselephantpoachingnowC．thelocalpeoplekeeptheelephantsathome D．thewholeworldlivepeacefullywithelephants30．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．therulesofusinglandandwater B．theeducationofthelocalpeopleC．theworkofMaliElephantProject D．thesituationofGourmaDesertelephants（2020·廣東·中考真題）Itisnecessaryforstudentstolearnsometeamskillslikedevelopingrelationships,communicatingwellwithothersandsolvingproblems.Herearetwofunteamactivities.Activity1:WaterRelay(接力賽)Tools●Twolargebuckets(水桶)toholdwater●OnesmallbucketforeachteammemberInstructions●Fillonelargebucketwithwater.●Makeholesinthebottomofthesmallbuckets.●Havetheteammemberslineupbetweenthetwolargebuckets.●Passthewaterfromonelargebuckettotheother,usingsmallbuckets.Trytokeepasmuchwateraspossible.WhyIt’sFun●It’sfuntoworkoutawaytoloseaslittlewateraspossible.●It’swater.Isn’titfuntogetyouwetonahotsummerday?Activity2:TruthandLieThisactivitywillallowteammemberstolearnabouteachother.Instructions●Haveeachteammemberthinkofthreepiecesofinformationaboutthemselves,andoneofthemisalie.●Eachteammembertellsthegroupallthethreepiecesofinformation.Lettheotherteammembersguesswhichisthelie.WhyIt’sFun●Studentslovetalkingaboutthemselvesandthisgivesthemthechancetodoso.●Memberscanlearnabouteachother.●Memberswillbesurprisedatwhatothersthinkofthem.31．Howmanyteamskillsdoesthewritermention(提及)inParagraph1?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.32．WhattoolsareneededforeachteaminWaterRelay?A．Onelargebucketforeachmember.B．Twolargebucketsforeachmember.C．Onesmallbucketforeachmemberandtwolargebuckets.D．Twosmallbucketsforeachmemberandonelargebucket.33．InordertowinWaterRelay,theteammembersshould________.A．getthemselveswetB．loseaslittlewateraspossibleC．passthewaterasslowlyaspossibleD．passthelargebuckettotheotherteam34．ItisfuntoplayTruthandLiebecauseteammemberscan________.A．talkaboutthemselves B．sharelovewitheachotherC．tellliestosurpriseothers D．learnalltheinformationaboutothers35．Thispassageismostprobablyfrom________.A．asciencebook B．atravelguideC．anewswebsite D．aschoolmagazine（2024·廣東梅州·二模）Duringthethree-dayNewYearholiday,over3milliontouristspouredintoHarbin.ManyofthemcamefromsouthernChinawheresnowwasnowheretobefound.Harbinlocalsgavethesevisitorsacutenickname“Nanfangxiaotudou”or“Southernpotatoes”.Itisbecausesouthernpeopleareusuallyshorterandtheylooklikesmallpotatoeswhenwearingthickjacketsandhats.ToHarbinpeople,thisnameisnottomakefunofsoutherners,buttocreateasenseofwarmthwithhumor.Harbintriedeverythingtomeettourists’needs,especiallythosefromthesouth.Cookscarefullycutthelocalfrozenpearintosmallpieces.Differentkindsofconcertswereheldinshoppingmalls.Adrone(無人機)liftedaman-mademoonfortouriststotakephotos.Harbinreallywentallouttomakethemhappy.However,eventhoughtheydidallthesetopleasethesoutherntourists,thisnickname“Southernpotatoes”sparkedaheatdiscussionontheInternet.WhileHarbinlocalsusethenametoshowwarmthandgoodwill,somesightseersfeelthatcallingthem“smallpotatoes”ismakingfunoftheirheight.EventhoughpeoplefromtheNortheastarekindandwarm-hearted,wehavetorealizethatthereisstillsomediscrimination(歧視)inseveralpartsofChina.Nowadays,peopletravelallthetime.Therefore,it’simportanttomaketheworldamorewelcomeplace.Afterall,everyonelikeskindnessanddislikesdiscrimination,whetherit’sonpurposeornot.36．WhydoHarbinlocalscallsoutherners“Southernpotatoes”?A．Becausesouthernersliketoeatsmallpotatoes.B．BecausesouthernerssellsmallpotatoesinHarbin.C．BecauseHarbinlocalswanttomakefunofsoutherners’height.D．Becausesouthernerslooklikesmallpotatoesinthickjacketsandhats.37．Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Harbincooksmadesomenicefoodforsoutherntourists.B．SoutherntravelerswereveryhappywithHarbintourism.C．Harbintriedtheirbesttoattracttouristsandmakethemhappy.D．Food,shoppingmalls,andtheman-mademoonattractedmanytourists.38．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sparked”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Offered. B．Burned. C．Included. D．Caused.39．Howshouldwetreatpeoplefromdifferentplacesaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Weshouldbekindandwelcome.B．Weshouldnotdiscriminatethemonpurpose.C．Weshoulddoeverythingtomakethemhappy.D．Weshouldtreatthemaccordingtowhattheylike.40．Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthenickname“Southernpotatoes”?A．Hethinkit’sfunny.B．Hethinksit’sunfair.C．Hethinksit’swelcoming.D．Hedoesn’texpresshisownopinion.（2024·廣東江門·二模）InSeptember2023,LuckinCoffeelaunchedapartnershipwithKweichouMoutai,sellingthemoutai-flavoredlattefor19yuanpercup,offeringa50%discountontheproduct.Thecollaboration(合作)betweenMoutaiandLuckinCoffeehascaughttheattentionofmanypeople.TheyarecurioustotrythecoffeemixedwiththemostfamousChineseliquor(白酒).“Foryoungpeople,thisistheirfirsttasteofMoutaibaijiu;formiddle-agedandolderpeople,it’stheirfirstcupofLuckincoffee,”wroteaWeibouser.AccordingtoLuckin,onthefirstdayitwassold,September4th,5.42millioncupsofthisspecialcoffeeweresold,bringingin100millionyuaninsales.“ThiscreativecollaborationletsMoutaimakeitsbrandyounger.”LiHonghui,amarketingdirectorfordrinkssaid.“Throughcollaborations,brandscansharewhattheyneed,makethemarketbigger,andbringmorecreativethingstobuyers.”addedLi.In2023,China’scollaborationmarketwillgrowtoover100billionyuanandmayreach300billionyuanby2025．However,wrongcollaborationsmayhaveundesirableresultsandevenhurtbrands.“Thekeytomakingacollaborationworkisabouthowgoodtheproductsare.Thebrandsshouldnotjustpayattentiontogettingthepublicexcited.”saidLi.41．HowmuchdoesacupofMoutai-flavoredlattecostwithoutadiscount?A．19yuan. B．38yuan. C．50yuan. D．100yuan.42．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?A．DrinkingMoutaiisatraditioninChina.B．Sellingcoffeecanmakeplentyofmoney.C．Thecollaborationhasmadegreatsuccess.D．YoungpeoplelikethetasteofMoutaibaijiu.43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undesirable”inParagraph4mean?A．Unwanted. B．Unfinished. C．Important. D．Impossible.44．WhatcanwelearnfromLiHonghui’swords?A．Allbrandsshouldteamupwitheachother.B．Newproductsmustgetthepublicexcited.C．Makinggoodproductsisthekeytosuccess.D．Allcollaborationswillbringabettermarket.45．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheUseofMoutaiLiquor B．BrandsCollaborationC．ANewFlavorofCoffee D．ANewCoffeeShop（2024·廣東東莞·二模）Imagineyouwalkintoyouroffice,withthetemperaturejustright.Yousitdownandaveryvaluableandmeaningfuldaybegins.Thisisthekindofsmartofficethatengineersaretryingtoma