2022屆高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀學(xué)案：體育競(jìng)賽話題

高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀外刊精選｜最快女孩的隕落：“金牌至上”的犧牲品在競(jìng)技體育中，盛行著一種“為勝利不惜一切”的文化，許多運(yùn)動(dòng)員因此釀成悲劇。瑪麗·凱恩曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)跑得最快的女孩，屢破比賽紀(jì)錄的她被視為是“一代一遇”的種子選手。然而，在加入耐克的“俄勒岡項(xiàng)目”后，由于被迫達(dá)到以男性身體素質(zhì)為依據(jù)的不合理競(jìng)技標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，瑪麗經(jīng)受了身體和心理的雙重虐待，不僅夢(mèng)想破滅，身體也被擊垮，昔日的運(yùn)動(dòng)天才從此寂寂無名。造成這場(chǎng)悲劇的背后原因是什么？女性運(yùn)動(dòng)員在體育競(jìng)技中面臨怎樣的困境？IWastheFastestGirlinAmerica,UntilIJoinedNike①At17,MaryCainwasalreadyarecord-breakingphenom:thefastestgirlinageneration,andtheyoungestAmericantrackandfieldathletetomakeaWorldChampionshipsteam.In2013,shewassignedbythebesttrackteamintheworld,Nike’sOregonProject,runbyitsstarcoachAlbertoSalazar.②Theneverythingcollapsed.③Aftermonthsofdietingandfrustration,Cainfoundherselfchoosingbetweenleavingthebestteamintheworld,orpotentiallydevelopingosteoporosisoreveninfertility.Shelostherperiodforthreeyearsandbrokefivebones.Shewentfrombeingaonce-in-a-generationOlympichopefultohavingsuicidalthoughts.④Insteadofbecomingasymbolofgirls’unlimitedpotentialinsports,Cainbecameyetanotherstandoutyoungathletewhogotbeatendownbyawin-at-all-costsculture.⑤GirlslikeCainbecomedamagedgoodsandfadeaway.⑥Abigpartofthisproblemisthatwomenandgirlsarebeingforcedtomeetathleticstandardsthatarebasedonhowmenandboysdevelop.Ifyoutrytomakeagirlfitaboy’sdevelopmenttimeline,herbodyisatriskofbreakingdown.⑦“Whenyouhavethesekindsofgoodgirls,girlswhoaregoodatfollowingdirectionstothepointofexcelling,you’llfindasystemthat’shappytotakethem.Andit’srifewithabuse,”saidLaurenFleshman,whoranforNikeuntil2012.【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.record-breaking[?rek??d?bre?k??]adj.________________________2.phenom[f??n?m,?fi?nɑm]n.________________________3.collapse[k??l?ps]vi.________________________4.osteoporosis[??sti??p??r??s?s]n.________________________5.infertility[?nf??t?l?ti]n.________________________6.period[?p??ri?d]n.________________________7.once-in-a-generation________________________8.hopeful[?h??pf?l]n.________________________9.win-at-all-costs________________________【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.成功加入……；成為……___________________________________________2.耐克俄勒岡項(xiàng)目___________________________________________3.意識(shí)到自己在做某事___________________________________________4.輕生的念頭___________________________________________5.又一個(gè)___________________________________________6.瑕疵品___________________________________________7.逐漸消失___________________________________________8.達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)___________________________________________9.以某事為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；基于某事___________________________________________10.符合時(shí)間線___________________________________________11.處在……風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之中___________________________________________12.到了言聽計(jì)從的程度___________________________________________13.充滿某物___________________________________________拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解TheInternetischangingthewaywecommunicate.LOL,awks,amazeballs,BRB,theuseofemojiandemoticon—andevenwritingfacialexpressionssuchas‘sadface’—haveallbecomestandardindigitalcommunications.Soingrained,infact,thatthey’rechangingthewaywewriteandeventalk.“Peoplearebecominglessconcernedwithgrammar,spellingandsentencestructure,andmoreconcernedwithgettingtheirmessageacross,”saysGavinHammar,CEOandfounderofSendible.There’snodoubtthattheconsumptionofabbreviateddigitalcontentishavingahugeeffectonlanguage.“Overthelastfiveyearsattentionspanshaveshortenedconsiderably,whichisreflectedinthecontractedformsoflanguageweseeinsocialmedia,”saysRobinKermode,founderofcommunicationscoachingconsultancyZone2.However,somethinkthattheinternethasmadeusbettercommunicatorssinceweincreasinglyusemuchmorestreamlinedlanguage.“TogetamessageacrossusingTwitterforexample,itmustbeconciseandmustconformtothetoneusedthere,whichincludesabbreviations,acronyms.”Thefastestgrowing‘newlanguage’intheworldisemoticons(faces)andemojis(imagesofobjects,whichhailfromJapan),whichareoneofthebiggestchangescausedbydigitalcommunications.“Facialexpressions,visualpresenceandbodylanguagehavealwaysbeenvitaltobeingaconfidentspeaker,butnowemojisareblurringthelinesbetweenverbalandwrittencommunication,”thinksKermode,whoaddsthatcavemenhadearlyversionsofemojisonthesidesoftheircaves.“Pictures,cartoonsoremojisare‘shortcuts’sowecanbeclearaboutwhatourmessagereallymeans.”Ifyoumainlyuseemojis,whynotgetakeyboard-basedaroundsmileyfacesandcartoonicons?That’sexactlywhatSwyftMediarecentlycreated,andwhileit’smoreofaPRstuntthekeyboardsofthefuturewillprobablycontainatleastsomeemojis.Emoticonsandemojisarearguablymoremeaningfulthanslangandshorthand,whichcanbetooeasilymisunderstood.“Ioncewitnessedagirlbeingdumpedinatext,whichconsistedofamessagewithjustfiveletters,URMYX’—linguisticallyeconomic,butemotionallyharsh,”saysKermode.Troubleis,thesenderhadactuallymeantYOUAREMINE.X’.“Ifhe’daddedthreeemojis—likeasmileyface,aheartandaweddingring,hemightnowbehappilymarried!”Thesamegoesforastatementsuchas“INEEDTOSPEAKTOYOURIGHTNOW”,whichneedsaqualifyingemoticonoremojitogiveitmeaning.“Itcouldsignalanangrymeetingorapassionatemeetingbutaddacoffeecup,abigsmileyfaceoranangryfaceanditbecomesclearwhat’sreallygoingon,”saysKermode.Theymaybederidedbytraditionalists,butemoticonsandemojisusedtodescribemoodarethebodylanguageadd-onthatthewrittenwordhasalwayslacked.Inmostinstances,theseiconsrepresentlanguageevolutionandprogress,notregression.1.Whatdoestheword“ingrained”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Deep-rooted. B.Long-lasting. C.Well-equipped. D.Single-minded.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementcorrectlyinterpretstheunderlinedsentencebutnowemojisareblurringthelinesbetweenverbalandwrittencommunicationinparagraph5?A.Emojisaremixingupthespokenwordsandthewrittenwordsinourdailyconversations.B.Emojisaremakingthedifferencesbetweenspokenandwrittencommunicationlessclear.C.Emojisareinlinewithspokenandwrittenexpressions.D.Emojisarehelpingspokenandwrittencommunicationbecomemorestraight-forward.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNotTrue?A.Peoplearemoreconcernedwithgettingtheirmessageacrossratherthangrammar,spellingorsentencestructure.B.TheInternethasmadeusbettercommunicatorsbecauseweareincreasinglyusingmorestreamlinedandconciselanguage.C.Emoticonsandemojiscanbeusedtodescribethemoodofcommunicatorsandclarifytherealmeaningoftheirmessage.D.Usingemojiscansometimesmaketheprocessofdecodingmeaningsmoredifficultinreal-lifecontexts.4.WhatCanNotbelearnedfromthepassage?A.TheInternetischangingthewaywecommunicate.B.Withimagesoffacialexpressionsorobjects,emoticonsandemojiscanbeusedtovividlydescribemood,andthushelpavoidmisunderstanding.C.Emoticonsandemojisarethefastestgrowing“newlanguage”andkeyboardsofthefuturewillprobablycontainsomeofthem.D.Emoticonsandemojisaddneedlessmeaningstolanguageandcausemisunderstandings.外刊精選答案【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.record-breaking[?rek??d?bre?k??]adj.破紀(jì)錄的2.phenom[f??n?m,?fi?nɑm]n.杰出的人（或事物）；奇跡；（尤指）體育奇才3.collapse[k??l?ps]vi.（突然的）倒塌4.osteoporosis[??sti??p??r??s?s]n.骨質(zhì)疏松（癥）5.infertility[?nf??t?l?ti]n.不孕不育癥6.period[?p??ri?d]n.生理期7.once-in-a-generation一代一遇的8.hopeful[?h??pf?l]n.有希望成功的人；有希望成名的人9.win-at-all-costs不惜一切代價(jià)贏的【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.makesth.成功加入……；成為……2.Nike’s