2022年全國卷高考英語模擬考場仿真演練英語試卷02（解析版）

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////考生注意清點(diǎn)試卷有無漏印或缺頁，若有要及時更換，否則責(zé)任自負(fù)?！b…………………訂…………………線………………絕密★啟用前2022年高考英語模擬考場仿真演練卷02英語（課表全國卷）本卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheenjoyedthemovie.B.Shedidn'twatchthemovie.C.Shedidn'tlikethemovie.Text1M:Wasthemovieasgoodasyouexpected?W:Itwasreallyawasteoftimeandmoney.Ishouldhavestayedathome.2.WhendoesthemanfinishworkonMonday?A.At5:00p.m.B.At6:00p.m.C.At4:00p.m.Text2W:Whendoyouusuallywork?M:Well...onmostdaysIworkuntil5p.m.,butonFridays,Icanleaveanhourearlier.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthewoman?A.Thestaffdon'tlikeweekends.B.Thestaffareallverybusy.C.Theydon'tservesteak.Text3M:Excuseme.HowmuchlongerwillitbebeforeIgetmysteak?W:Sorry,sir,buttodayisSunday.Weallhaveourhandsfull.4.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Watchhisbag.B.Callhisfriend.C.Gotothewashroom.Text4M:Canyoudomeafavor?W:Sure.Whatisit?M:Canyoukeepaneyeonmybag,please?Naturecalls.W:Sure,goahead.It'llbesafewithme5.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheapartmentsinNewYorkCity?A.Theyareexpensive.B.Theyarevaluable.C.Theyaretoosmall.Text5W:Ican'tbelievethecostofapartmentsinNewYorkCityM:Oh,youdidn'tknowthatapartmentshereareconsideredvaluablebymostpeople,eveniftheyaresmall.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatpreventedthewoman'scarfromstarting?A.Thefaultyengine.B.Thedeadbattery.C.Thelackofpetrol.7.Whatwillthewomando?A.Returnherbattery.B.Buyanewcar.C.Getsomepetrol.Text6W:Mycarwouldn'tstartthismorning.M:Iusedtohaveaproblemlikethat.Didyoucheckthebattery?W:Yes.Itwasdeadagain.Ihadtofindsomeonetostartthecarforme.It'sdrivingmecrazy.M:Well,maybeyoushouldbuyanewbattery.W:ButIjustboughtthisonethreemonthsago.It'sstillnew.M:MaybetheyweredishonestandgaveyouanoldoneW:Well,Idon'tknow.Whateveritis,I'mgoingtoreturnit.It'sridiculous.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Amanager.B.Anassistant.C.Asaleswoman.9.Whatistheman'stelephonenumber?ABCText7W:Goodafternoon,thisisthesalesdepartment.MayIhelpyou?M:CouldIspeaktoMr.Bush,please?W:Mr.Bushisinameetingwiththemanagingdirectoratthemoment,I'mafraid.CanItakeamessage?M:Well,Iwanttodiscussthenewcontractthatwesignedlastweek.W:Idon'tthinkthemeetingwillgoonformuchlongerShallIaskhimtocallyouwhenheisfree?M:Yes,thatwouldbefine.W:CouldIhaveyournameandnumber,please?M:I'mJohnSmith,andmynumberiW:OK.You'llhearfromMr.Bushlaterinthemorningthen,Mr.Smith.M:Thankyouforyourhelp.Goodbye.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Bossandemployee.C.Customerandwaiter.11.Whydoesthewomanwanttoleaveherpresentcompany?A.Shehasn'thadapromotion.B.Thecompanyisn'tdoingwell.C.Shecan'tdisplayherabilitiesthere.12.Whencanthewomanstarthernewjob?A.Atonce.B.Inaboutaweek.Inaboutamonth.Text8M:Goodafternoon,MissYang.Pleasesitdown.W:Goodafternoon,Mr.Green.Thankyouverymuch.M:Ireadyourapplicationwithinterest.NowIwouldliketoaskyousomequestions,ifyoudon'tmind.W:Asyouwish,I'mready.M:Thefirstis:whydidyouchooseourcompany?W:Ithinkthisisafamousadvertisingcompany.Iwillcertainlyhaveopportunitiestoshowmytalentinadvertising.AndIwillberewardedinreturn.M:Whydoyouwanttoleaveyourpresentcompany?W:Well,thecompanyhassomefinancialproblems.Manypeopletherearethinkingofquitting.M:Whendoyouthinkyoucanstartworkhere?W:AweekafterIhavehandedinmyresignationpaper.M:Whenyoustartwork,we'llofferyou2,500dollarstobeginwithW:Thankyou,sir.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhyhasthewomangonetoPrague?A.Togosightseeing.B.ToattendaconferenceC.Toseeafriend14.Whydoesthemanadvisethewomantotakethesubway?A.Theroadsarenarrow.B.Itisnotconvenienttotakeabus.C.Theinterestingplacesareallveryfar.15.Howlongdoesittakefromthehoteltotheconferencecenterbybus?A.For6minutes.B.For15minutes.C.For5minutes.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Itiseasytogetlostatthesubwaystation.B.Thepaybytriponthesubwaydependsonthedistance.C.Thereisn'tasubwaystationneartheconferencecenter.Text9W:It'smyfirstvisittoPrague.I'llbehereforthreedaysforaconference,andthenIhaveadayonmyowntogosightseeing.Whatdoyousuggest?M:Therearemanyinterestingplacestosee.Theroadsarequitenarrow.Iadviseyoutotakethesubway.W:Thesubway?Butisthereasubwaystationnexttomyhotel?Ihavetogobetweentheconferencecenterandthehotelseveraltimesaday.M:Noworries.There'sasubwaystationattheconferencecenter,andabusfromyourhoteltotheconferencecenterthattakesonlyfiveminutes.W:Isitexpensivetogoonthesubway?M:Youcangetadailypassthatwillgiveyouunlimitedtravelforthewholedayforaboutsixdollars.Otherwise,youpaybytrip,whichisaboutfiftycentstotwodollarseachtrip,dependingonhowfaryougo.W:Isiteasytogetlost?M:No,no...Thereareonlytwolines:onethatgoesinacircleandonethatgoesinastraightline.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydocamperschooseLongLakeCamp?A.BecauseofitsuniquecreativeprogramsB.Becauseofitslocation.C.Becauseofitsgoodservices.18.Howmanystaffmembersarethereatthecamp?A.89.B.30.C.145.19.WhichisNOTprovidedatthecamp?A.Excitingclasses.B.Stageperformances.C.Wonderfulmeals.20.Whendoesthecampopeneachday?A.From10a.m.to6p.m.B.From9a.m.to2p.m.C.From9a.m.to6p.m.Text10Goodmorning,everyone.WelcometoLongLakeCampfortheArts.Letmegiveyouthedetails.LongLakeCampfortheArtsisawonderfulplaceforperformingartsandfinearts.Youcandesignyourperfectsummerherewithourguidanceandleadership.Foundedin1969,Long,LakeCampfortheArtsistheperfectplacetopursueyourcreativedreamsandmakelifelongfriends.CamperschooseLongLakeCampforitsperfectsizeanduniquecreativeprograms.Youwillbesupportedbyour145membersofstafftoensureyougeteverythingyouneed.Weprovideanurturingenvironmentwhereyoucanimproveyourskillsandlearncompletelynewonesatyourownpace.Thereareexcitingandchallengingclasses,numerousstageperformanceseachweekandunlimitedstudiotime.ThecampislocatedinNewYorkstateinAdirondackpark.Thecamplastsforsevendays,fromMondaythroughtoSunday,9a.m.to2p.m.Eachweekislimitedto30campers.AtLongLakeCampfortheArts,everydayisperfect,becauseyoucancombinetheactivitiesthatyoulovewithmakingfriendsthatwilllastalifetime.Call800-7677111tobookyourplace,NOW!第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestOverlandTripstoTakein2022SriLankaForwildlifeenthusiasts,SriLankaisparadise.ThistropicalgetawayinvolvestwogamedrivesthroughtheMinneriyaandYalaNationalParks,whereyou’llgetthechancetospotwildelephants,crocodilesandleopards.Beyond,thereareopportunitiestogowhitewaterrafting,plusexploreancientcastlesandjourneyonatrainthroughricefieldsandteaplantations.Lapland’sSamicommunityExposeyourselftoSamicultureonthisfive-dayFinlandholiday.Here,you’lllearnabouttheSamiwayoflifeatareindeerfarm,andenjoyatraditionalthree-courseLappishdinner.Highlightsincludejisleddingthroughthesnowywilderness,icefishingandcross-countryskin.SouthernMoroccoAfteradayhikingintheAtlasMountains,it’sontoTaghazoutBay,whereyou’lllearntosurfandexplorethewaterfallsofParadiseValley.Stretchoutthosetiredmusclesatanoptionalyogaclass,orsaveyourrelaxationforthefinalday,whichincludesabarbecueandlivemusicperformancesonthebeach.Utah’sCanyon-landsThisisfortrueadventurersonly—you’reheadingintotheheartoftheAmericanWest,wheretheRockiesmeetthedesert.ExploretheredrocksofDevil’sKitcheninUtah,goraftingontheColoradoRiverandhikeforestedtrailsthroughtheRockyMountains.YoucanrelaxinthesteamingStrawberryHotSprings.Foradifferentthrill,cocktailhourisheldattheStanleyHotel—whichinspired“TheShining.”FullItineraryatcaravan.com.1.What’sspecialaboutSriLanka?A.Itservesdeliciousfood. B.Ithasmoderncastles.C.Itpleasesanimallovers. D.Itoffersyogaclass.2.Ifyoutakeinterestinmusic,whichplacemayyouvisit?A.SriLanka. B.SouthernMorocco.C.Utah’sCanyonlands. D.Lapland’sSamicommunity.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Alocalnewspaper.CAculturalwebsite. D.Abusinessmagazine.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了幾個2022年最好的陸路旅行地點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SriLanka部分中“Forwildlifeenthusiasts,SriLankaisparadise.ThistropicalgetawayinvolvestwogamedrivesthroughtheMinneriyaandYalaNationalParks,whereyou'llgetthechancetospotwildelephants,crocodilesandleopards.(對于野生動物愛好者來說，斯里蘭卡是天堂。在這個熱帶度假之旅中，你可以駕車經(jīng)過Minneriya和Yala國家公園，在那里你有機(jī)會看到野生大象、鱷魚和豹子。)”可知，斯里蘭卡會讓動物愛好者滿意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)SouthernMorocco部分中“Stretchoutthosetiredmusclesatanoptionalyogaclass,orsaveyourrelaxationforthefinalday,whichincludesabarbecueandlivemusicperformancesonthebeach.(參加瑜伽課來伸展你疲憊的肌肉，或者把放松留到最后一天，這一天包括在海灘上的燒烤和現(xiàn)場音樂表演。)”可知，如果你對音樂感興趣，可以去摩洛哥南部。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后“FullItineraryatcaravan.com.”可知，本文應(yīng)是出自一個文化網(wǎng)站。故選C項(xiàng)。B“Hieveryone,mynameisYaoYuan,”saidMongolianperformerAyanga,31,greetingtheaudienceonstage.ThescenehappenedtothemusicalOntheRoad,firstplayedinBeijingTianqiaoPerformingArtsCenteronDec24.ThemusicalconcentratesonYaoYuan(playedbyAyanga),acourier(快遞員)ataprivatedeliverycompany,whobuilthisownexpressdeliveryande-commercebusiness.

Byfocusingonthechangesofthedeliveryindustry,themusicalaimstoreflecttherapiddevelopmentofChinesesocietyinthepast20years.“Thosestraightforwardandgood-naturedcouriersarethefirstpeopleIthinkofwhenitcomestothedeliveryindustry,”Ayangasaid.In2018,heimpressedtheaudiencewithperformanceintheshowSuperVocal.“Mostpeoplewouldnaturallyremindthemselvesofonescene–individualpeopleridinganelectrictricycle,”saidthemainactress,AnYuexi,31,knownasherroleasTangbaoinTheJourneyofFlower.“It’sdifficulttomakeoriginalmusicalwithChinesecharacteristics.Thescriptwaschangedatleast10times,”AyangatoldBeijingDaily.Hewouldevencallthedirectoratmidnighttosharehisnewthoughtsonthemusical.

Analsomadesureherperformancewasthebestitcouldbe.“Thebiggestchallengeishowtoimprovemysingingtechniquewithemotiononthestage,”shesaid.Shehopedtoconveytotheaudiencethespiritofcourageousnesswhentheypursuetheirdreams.“Thepathtorealizeyourdreamisrough,butyou’llsucceedaslongasyoukeepmovingon.”sheadded.24.Whatisthemusical“OntheRoad”mainlyabout?A.ItmainlydealswiththelifeofAyanga.B.Itintroducesaprivatedeliverycompany.C.Itcentersonacourier’slifeandbusiness.D.ItreflectsChina’srapiddevelopmentineconomy.25.HowdidAyangafeelaboutcouriersinitially?A.Braveandserious.B.Outgoingandoptimistic.C.Simpleandbroad-mined.D.Frankandgood-tempered.26.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph5?A.Toshowthedirector’sstruggle.B.TohighlightAyanga’sgreatefforts.C.Todescribetheperformance’sprocess.D.Toexplaintheimportanceoforiginalmusical.27.WhatisthehardestpartfortheperformanceaccordingtoAn?A.Singingskillwithemotiononthestage.B.Stickingtothesamegoalallthetime.C.Voicingthespiritsofcourageousness.D.Understandingthemusicalnewopinions.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了，31歲的蒙古表演者阿揚(yáng)加出演音樂劇《在路上》（OntheRoad）及這部音樂劇的梗概及阿揚(yáng)加為參演而付出的努力?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“ThemusicalconcentratesonYaoYuan(playedbyAyanga),acourier(快遞員)ataprivatedeliverycompany,whobuilthisownexpressdeliveryande-commercebusiness.(這部音樂劇主要講述姚遠(yuǎn)（由阿揚(yáng)加飾演），姚遠(yuǎn)是一家私人快遞公司的快遞員，他建立了自己的快遞和電子商務(wù)業(yè)務(wù))”可知，音樂劇《在路上》主要以快遞員姚遠(yuǎn)的生活和業(yè)務(wù)為中心。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的““Thosestraightforwardandgood-naturedcouriersarethefirstpeopleIthinkofwhenitcomestothedeliveryindustry,”Ayangasaid.(“說到快遞業(yè)，我首先想到的是那些直率和善的快遞員，”阿揚(yáng)加說)”可知，阿揚(yáng)加最初認(rèn)為快遞員很直率、和善。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第五段““It’sdifficulttomakeoriginalmusicalwithChinesecharacteristics.Thescriptwaschangedatleast10times,”AyangatoldBeijingDaily.Hewouldevencallthedirectoratmidnighttosharehisnewthoughtsonthemusical.(“很難制作出具有中國特色的原創(chuàng)音樂劇。劇本至少改變了10次，”阿揚(yáng)加在接受《北京日報》采訪時說。他甚至?xí)谖缫菇o導(dǎo)演打電話，分享他對音樂劇的新想法)”可知，對于這部音樂劇，阿揚(yáng)加付出了巨大的努力，第五段的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)阿揚(yáng)加的巨大努力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Thebiggestchallengeishowtoimprovemysingingtechniquewithemotiononthestage(最大的挑戰(zhàn)是如何在舞臺上用情感提高我的歌唱技巧)”可知，對于An而言，表演中最難的部分是在舞臺上擁有有感情的歌唱技巧。故選A項(xiàng)。CSteveForestisascientist.He’sstandingonanislandoffthecoastoftheAntarcticPeninsula.Belowhimareseveralhundredpenguinsandtheirchildren.Forrest’sjobistocounteveryoneofthem.It'ssnowing.Thereisabigwind,too.Andtheirchildrenwon’tstaystill.Penguinsaregreatclimbers.SoForrestandtheteammembersmustbetoo.Andpenguinsaren'talwaysclean.ForresthasbeencomingtoAntarcticaeveryJanuaryforsixyears.He'shelpingcountthearea’spenguins.ThiswillhelpresearchersbetterunderstandtheAntarcticenvironment.ThereusedtobelotsofpenguinsinAntarctica,“It'sallbecauseofclimatechange,”HeatherJ.Lynchsaysseriously.Sheisleadingtheresearchteam.TheteammemberNoahStryckeradds,“WeknowclimatechangeishittingtheAntarcticPeninsulaharderthananywhereelseintheworld.Wearefollowingthesituationclosely.”Scientiststhinkthatwarmingwatersdoharmtokrill,thetinyanimalsthatpenguinseat.Thisisbadforthesealife.Butkrillarehardtostudy,soresearcherspayattentiontopenguins.They’reeasiertofollow.Theyreturntothesameplaceeachyeartolayeggs.Ifpenguinsaren'tdoingwell,krillprobablyaren'teither.“Penguinsgiveusanideaaboutwhatisgoingonintheseaaroundus,”Forrestsays.Thisyear,Lynch’sresearchteamusesadronetohelpthem.Theyflyitoveranareatotakepicturestocountpenguins.Countingpenguinsisquitenecessary.Themorewelearn,themoreweknowaboutkrillandtheoceananimalsthatdependonthem.Whenweunderstandthem,wecanstartfixingthem.WeshouldconsidercarefullywhatLynchsays:“What’shappeningintheAntarcticishappeningeverywhere.”28.WhatisrequiredofscientistslikeForrestaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Beingclean. B.Beinggoodatmath.C.Beingcool-headed. D.Beingskilledinclimbing.29.What'sthepointofcountingpenguinsintheAntarctie?A.Toprotectthisanimalspeciesfromextinction.B.TohelpfindouthowmanykrillmightbelivingC.TohaveabetterknowledgeoftheAntarcticenvironmentD.Tocollectfirst-handdataforanalyzingglobalwarming.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Scientists.B.Krill. C.Penguins. D.Oceananimals.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Penguinslayeggsinthesameplaceontheislandeveryyear.B.Thepenguinpopulationisincreasingduetoclimatechange.C.Thepenguinpopulationdeterminesthekrillpopulation.D.ClimatechangeismostobviousintheAntarcticPeninsula.【答案】28.C29.C30.B31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要以科學(xué)家史蒂夫·福里斯特為例，介紹了他們在南極洲數(shù)企鵝的工作，以及這項(xiàng)工作的意義?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SteveForestisascientist.He’sstandingonanislandoffthecoastoftheAntarcticPeninsula.Belowhimareseveralhundredpenguinsandtheirchildren.Forrest’sjobistocounteveryoneofthem.It'ssnowing.Thereisabigwind,too.Andtheirchildrenwon’tstaystill.Penguinsaregreatclimbers.SoForrestandtheteammembersmustbetoo.Andpenguinsaren'talwaysclean.(史蒂夫·福里斯特是一位科學(xué)家。他站在南極半島海岸外的一個小島上。在他的下面是幾百只企鵝和它們的孩子。福雷斯特的工作是清點(diǎn)每一個。下雪了。也有大風(fēng)。他們的孩子不會乖乖的。企鵝是攀巖高手。所以福雷斯特和隊(duì)員們也必須是。企鵝并不總是干凈的)”可推知，像Forrest這樣的科學(xué)家需要頭腦冷靜。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“He'shelpingcountthearea’spenguins.ThiswillhelpresearchersbetterunderstandtheAntarcticenvironment.(他在幫著數(shù)這個地區(qū)的企鵝。這將有助于研究人員更好地了解南極的環(huán)境)”可知，在南極數(shù)企鵝有助于了解南極環(huán)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Themorewelearn,themoreweknowaboutkrillandtheoceananimalsthatdependonthem.(我們了解得越多，就越了解磷蝦和依賴它們生存的海洋動物)”可知，當(dāng)我們了解了磷蝦，我們就可以開始拯救這些磷蝦了，故them指的是“磷蝦”。故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheteammemberNoahStryckeradds,“WeknowclimatechangeishittingtheAntarcticPeninsulaharderthananywhereelseintheworld.Wearefollowingthesituationclosely.”(小組成員諾亞·斯特萊克補(bǔ)充說：“我們知道氣候變化對南極半島的影響比世界上其他任何地方都要嚴(yán)重。我們正在密切關(guān)注事態(tài)發(fā)展?！?”可推知，氣候變化在南極半島最為明顯。故選D。DTheconfidencepeopleplaceinscienceisfrequentlybasednotonwhatitreallyis,butonwhatpeoplewouldlikeittobe.WhenIaskedmystudentshowtheywoulddefinescience,manyofthemrepliedthatit’sanobjectivewayofdiscoveringcertaintiesabouttheworld.Butsciencecannotprovidecertainties.Actually,doubtandscienceoftengohandinhand.Science,whenproperlyfunctioning,questionsacceptedunderstandingsandbringsbothnewknowledgeandnewquestions—notcertainty.Doubtdoesnotcreatetrust,nordoesithelppublicunderstanding.Sowhyshouldpeopletrustaprocessthatseemstorequireatroublesomestateofuncertaintywithoutalwaysprovidingsolidsolutions?Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit’stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowerofscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.Indeed,thescientificapproachrequireschangingourunderstandingofthenaturalworldwhenevernewevidencearisesfromeitherexperimentationorobservation.Scientificfindingsaretemporaryunderstandingsthatinvolvethestateofknowledgeatagivenmoment.Inthelongrun,manyofthemarechallengedandevenoverturned.Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.Certainties,reassuringastheymayseem,preventthescientificprocess.Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.Suchanidealizedrepresentationactuallyignorestheuniversalexistenceofcontroversy,conflictanderrorattheveryheartofthescientificworld.12.What’stherealpowerofscienceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itprovidessolidsolutions. B.Itdefendsacceptedunderstandings.C.Itdiscoverscertaintiesabouttheworld. D.Itkeepsbringingquestionsandchallenges.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reassuring”probablymean?A.Disappointing. B.Surprising. C.Comforting. D.Challenging.14.Whatmaybethebeliefofthesecondmisconception?A.Scienceisunchallengeableandacure-all. B.Scienceisunreliableandoflittleuse.C.Scienceisobjectivebutimpractical. D.Scienceisdoubtfulbutuseful.15Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyIsDoubtVitaltoScience? B.WhyShouldWeTrustScientists?C.WhatIstheWeaknessofScience? D.WhatIsScientists’Responsibility?【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是懷疑和科學(xué)的密切關(guān)系?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit’stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowerofscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.(作為一名科學(xué)歷史學(xué)家，我認(rèn)為，科學(xué)家和科學(xué)歷史學(xué)家有責(zé)任證明，科學(xué)的真正力量恰恰在于通常被認(rèn)為是它的弱點(diǎn)的東西：它對已被接受的認(rèn)識提出質(zhì)疑和挑戰(zhàn)的動力。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為科學(xué)的真正力量是它不斷帶來問題和挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.(懷疑可能令人不安，但它推動我們更好地理解。)”可知，懷疑令人不安，那么確定性就讓人放心，劃線詞reassuring的意思是“令人安心的”，和comforting意思相近，故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.(科學(xué)家們理解這一點(diǎn)，但在公眾和科學(xué)之間的動態(tài)中，存在兩種相反的誤解。第一種是一種盲目的科學(xué)家主義——相信科學(xué)是不容置疑的，并且有能力解決所有問題。)”可知，第一種誤解是科學(xué)能解決所有問題，那么第二種和第一種完全相反，因此第二種是認(rèn)為科學(xué)完全沒有用，不可靠，即Scienceisunreliableandoflittleuse。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Actually,doubtandscienceoftengohandinhand.(事實(shí)上，懷疑和科學(xué)經(jīng)常結(jié)伴而行。)”可知，本文主要講的是懷疑對科學(xué)很關(guān)鍵，A選項(xiàng)“WhyIsDoubtVitaltoScience?(為什么懷疑對科學(xué)至關(guān)重要？)”概括了本文內(nèi)容，是最好的標(biāo)題，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Volunteeringmeanstocarryoutadutyorajobwithoutexpectingrepaymentorreward.Theconceptisverypopularinadvancedorrichcountries.Butinsomecountries,manypeoplelookatvolunteeringasawasteoftimeandeffort____36____.Oneisimmediatelyseenasselflessandhelpfulwhenonevolunteerstohelpoutsomeonesuchasafriend，teacherorparent.____37____

,whenyouhelpateachertocleantheclassroomorgetinvolvedinacleanlinesscampaignattheschoollevelorothercommunityprojectsTeachersandadultswouldlookatayoungpersonwhovolunteershisorhertimeforcertainactivitiesasmature,responsibleanddeservingofrespect.Inaddition,volunteeringwithanorganizationsuchasorphanages,communitycentersandothernon-profitorganizationsallowsyoutointeractwithsocietyatlarge.Inadditiontohelpingtheseorganizationscarryouttheirduties,younotonlygainexperiencebutcanlearnavarietyofskills.____38____.Eventhoughtheyarenotbeingaid,throughvolunteeringtime,effortandskills,onewouldlearnmorethanwhatmoneycanbuy.____39____.Forexample,ifyouvolunteeryourtimeregularlyatacharityorganization,youwouldlearnhowtheorganizationworksandtheimportanceofteamwork,andotheressenceideasrelatedtotheday-to-dayoperationsoftheorganizations.Thus,withsomanybenefits,students,inparticular,shouldbeallowedtoparticipatevolunteeractivities.____40____.A．YouwillfeelyouareproudB．YourstandingwouldbeliftedC．ThisisespeciallybeneficialtostudentsD．OneshouldactivelybeinvolvedinvolunteeringE．However,onecangainmanybenefitsfromvolunteeringF．TheycanlearnusefulinterpersonalandorganizationalskillsG．Volunteeringalsoexposesonetomanyinterestingideasandissues【答案】36．E37．B38．C39．G40．F【解析】本文是說明文，介紹了做志愿者給學(xué)生帶來的積極益處。36．根據(jù)前文“Butinsomecountries,manypeoplelookatvolunteeringasawasteoftimeandeffort(但在一些國家，許多人認(rèn)為志愿服務(wù)是浪費(fèi)時間和精力的事)”和第三段段首句“Inaddition,volunteeringwithanorganizationsuchasorphanages,communitycentersandothernon-profitorganizationsallowsyoutointeractwithsocietyatlarge.(此外，在孤兒院、社區(qū)中心和其他非營利性組織做志愿者，可以讓你與整個社會進(jìn)行互動。)”可知，首段尾句應(yīng)承上啟下，反駁有些人對志愿活動的錯誤觀點(diǎn)，且引出下文闡明從事志愿活動的益處，E選項(xiàng)句“However,onecangainmanybenefitsfromvolunteering(然而，一個人可以從志愿活動中收獲良多)”符合文意，故選E項(xiàng)。37．根據(jù)后文“Teachersandadultswouldlookatayoungpersonwhovolunteershisorhertimeforcertainactivitiesasmature,responsibleanddeservingofrespect.(老師和成年人會認(rèn)為那些自愿花時間參加某些活動的年輕人是成熟的、負(fù)責(zé)任的、值得尊重的。)”推測可知，空格處應(yīng)列舉自愿為老師及其他社會機(jī)構(gòu)勞動帶來的益處，B選項(xiàng)句“Yourstandingwouldbelifted(你的地位將會得到提升)”符合文意，故選B項(xiàng)。38．根據(jù)前文“younotonlygainexperiencebutcanlearnavarietyofskills.(你不僅能獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)，還能學(xué)到各種技能)”可知，做志愿服務(wù)能使人成長，C選項(xiàng)句“Thisisespeciallybeneficialtostudents(這對學(xué)生尤其有益)”承接上文語義，強(qiáng)調(diào)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技能提升對從事志愿服務(wù)的學(xué)生有更加重要的意義，符合文意，故選C項(xiàng)。39．根據(jù)前文“Inaddition,volunteeringwithanorganizationsuchasorphanages,communitycentersandothernon-profitorganizationsallowsyoutointeractwithsocietyatlarge.(此外，在孤兒院、社區(qū)中心和其他非營利性組織做志愿者，可以讓你與整個社會進(jìn)行互動。)”可知，該處也應(yīng)表述志愿服務(wù)帶來的益處；且根據(jù)后文“youwouldlearnhowtheorganizationworksandtheimportanceofteamwork,andotheressenceideasrelatedtotheday-to-dayoperationsoftheorganizations.(你會學(xué)到組織是如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性，以及其他與組織日常運(yùn)作相關(guān)的本質(zhì)思想)”可知，該段主要表述從事志愿服務(wù)會讓你接觸很多有趣的理念和問題，G選項(xiàng)句“Volunteeringalsoexposesonetomanyinterestingideasandissues(志愿活動也使人接觸到許多有趣的想法和問題)”符合文意，故選G項(xiàng)。40．根據(jù)前文“Thus,withsomanybenefits,students,inparticular,shouldbeallowedtoparticipatevolunteeractivities.(因此，有這么多的好處，尤其是學(xué)生，應(yīng)該被允許參加志愿者活動)”可知，該處建議學(xué)生群體尤其應(yīng)當(dāng)多參加志愿服務(wù)活動。F選項(xiàng)句“Theycanlearnusefulinterpersonalandorganizationalskills(他們可以學(xué)習(xí)到有用的人際交往和組織方面的技能)”承接上文語義，闡明學(xué)生參加志愿活動的意義，符合文意，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplepanicwhenthingsgowrong,butothersknowhowtotakecharge.Fora____41____groupofstudentsinTopsham,Maine,brothersConnorandSeamusCollinsfallintothelatter.____42____Sixteen-year-oldConnorand12-year-oldSeamuswere____43____thebustoschoolonemorningwhensuddenlyConnorsawtheirbusdriverArthurMcDougall____44____amedicalemergencyandhitthefloorheavily.Thebuswas____45____theditch(溝渠)ontheright.Connorwholearnthowtodrive____46____immediatelywhathehadtodo.“I____47____andpressedonthebrakeandtoldmylittlebrothertocall911,”hesaid,recallingthe____48____atthemoment.“Ineedtostopthisbusbeforeitgoesintotheditch.”Theteenagerheldthesteeringwheel(方向盤)whilejamminghis____49____ontothebrake.Meanwhile,Seamusmadesuresomeonecalled____50____himandbegantodirecttheotherstudentstogetoffthebus____51____.Allthewhile,hekepthiscoolandevenpausedto____52____acryingstudentandcomforthim.WhileSeam