牛津上海版八年級下冊英語期中試卷-4

牛津上海版八年級下冊英語期中試卷Phonetics，GrammarandVocabulary（第二部分語音、語法和詞匯）II.Choosethebestanswer.（選擇最恰當的答案，14分）1．（1分）Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation？（）A．release B．treatment C．measure D．increase2．（1分）DoctorRayisinterested_________howtreeshelppeopleindailylife.（）A．on B．at C．in D．of3．（1分）In_________way，HuaweiisarolemodelforChinesecompanies.（）A．/ B．a C．an D．the4．（1分）Thegroupleaderisthinkingofdifferentwaystomakethepartyfar_________.（）A．exciting B．moreexciting C．excited D．moreexcited5．（1分）_________peoplewatchmoviesinthecinemabecauseoftheCOVID﹣19.（）A．Toomany B．Toomuch C．Notmuch D．Notmany6．（1分）Almosteveryonetodayuseselectricityinonewayor__________.（）A．theother B．theothers C．another D．other7．（1分）Remember_________yourmaskwhenyougoout.（）A．nottowear B．notwearing C．towear D．wearing8．（1分）Bequiet!Rena_________thepassageforherexam.（）A．writes B．iswriting C．haswritten D．wrote9．（1分）YoucancatchthefirsttraintoNanjing_________youcangetupearlyenough.（）A．if B．because C．although D．unless10．（1分）_________excitedthefansare!Thecyclistbroketheworldrecord.（）A．What B．How C．Whata D．Whatan11．（1分）Youcanborrowmycar，youmustpromisenottodrivetoofast.（）A．but B．and C．so D．or12．（1分）Garbagesorting_________berequiredinShanghaifromJuly1，2019.（）A．can B．may C．need D．must13．（1分）—I'mafraidIcan'tgotravellingwithyouthisweekend.Myparentsareillinbed.—_________（）A．Notatall. B．Thatsoundsgreat. C．Whatapity! D．Thanksalot.14．（1分）﹣MayIopenthewindow？It'sabithotinside．﹣______（）A．I'mgladtohearthat． B．Itdoesn'tmatter． C．Yes，Iwill．Thankyou． D．Goahead，please．III.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格，每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次，填寫序號，5分）15．（5分）A.relaxedB.connectC.protectD.storesE.tasteF.unusualGamingismorethanafunpastime.Itisawayto（1）peopleallroundtheworld.Forsome，itisevenalivelihood（謀生之道）.Withtheglobalmarketquicklygrowing，gettingintothegamingindustryisanaturalstepforIKEA.OnJanuary29，theSwedishfurnituremakerreleaseditsfirstevergamingproductsinChina.Thislineofproductscanmakegameloversfeelmore（2）whileplayinggame.Intotal，therearemorethan30productsintheline，includingdesks，chairsandneckpillows.Oneofthemost45productsisawoodenaccessorythatlookslikeabighand.IEKAexplainsthattheequipmentisusedto"takecareofheadsets."Thereisalsoaspecialcup﹣holderwhichcanbeattached（固定）tothesideofthedesk.Thenicethingaboutthesenewproductsisthattheyall（3）IEKA'straditionofaffordable（可負擔得起的）price.IEKAwantstoattractgamersaroundtheworldtoits（4）andwebsite."Nowwe'retakingthefirststeponourgamingjourney，"itsays."Wehopetomeetpeople's（5）byofferingdifferentkindsofgamingproducts.IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.（用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空，7分）16．（1分）Theyounggirl'sambitionistobea.（science）17．（1分）Sometreesgiveoutthatmaketheirleavestastenasty.（chemistry）18．（1分）Daisyfeltaftertalkingwithadropofwaterinthebathroom.（puzzle）19．（1分）Everyoneshouldlearntospeaktoothers．（polite）20．（1分）Howdoesthewomanherchildrentoread？（courage）21．（1分）It'simportanttothinkcarefullybeforemaking（decide）.22．（1分）Atlunchtime，there'sabetweennoodlesandrice．（choose）V.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired.（根據所給要求完成句子。1-5小題每空格限填一詞，12分）23．（2分）Theriverrosethirteencentimetresaftertheheavyrain.（改為否定句）Theriverthirteencentimetresaftertheheavyrain.24．（2分）Weshouldplantmoretreestoprotectourearth.（就劃線部分提問）weplantmoretrees？25．（2分）Soilwouldbewashedawayiftherearenotrees.（保持句意基本不變），soilwouldbewashedaway.26．（2分）Whatwilllifebelikein50years'time？Doyouknow？（改為賓語從句）Doyouknowwhatbelikein50years'time？27．（2分）Hehashardlyboughtanyvegetablesthismonth.（改為反意疑問句）Hehashardlyboughtanyvegetablesthismonth，？28．（2分）advertisingcompanies，use，planto，anewway，selltheirproducts，to（連詞成句）.Part3ReadingandWriting（第三部分讀寫）VI.Readingcomprehension.（閱讀理解，共29分）A.Choosethebestanswer.（根據短文內容，選擇最恰當的答案，6分）29．（6分）MuseumsaresomeofthebestplacestogooutinLondon.Youcanvisitthemforaday.Mostofthemarefree.OnedayIwentonatriptothesciencemuseumwithmydad.Ireallylikedtheplace.FirstwehadalookatanewfreeshowcalledDanDareandtheBirthofHigh﹣techBritain.ItexplainedanimportanttimeinBritishhistory.FromitweknewthatBritishtechnologyimprovedafterthewar.ItwasaboutthestoryofDanDare，aclassicBritishsciencefictioncomichero.Hewastheleaderofallthepilotsonaspaceship.Afterthat，wewenttotheEnergyGallery（能源長廊），themuseum'slatestinteractive（互動的）gallery.Whenwesawit，werealizedweneedanduseenergynotonlyatpresentbutalsointhefuture.Therewereover50interactiveshows.Theytaughtusabouttheworldofphysics.Theworkerswereexcitedlyexplainingtheshowswhilewewatchedthem.Finally，wewenttotheAntennaGalleryandgotthelatestsciencenews.ButIcouldn'tstudyallthegalleriesinoneday.Therewerejusttoomanytosee!Whatapity!（1）WhatdidthewriterthinkofthesciencemuseuminLondon？A.Itwasnotagoodplace.B.Theticketcosttoomuch.C.Itwasreallyagoodplace.D.Itdidn'thavemuchtosee.（2）Fromthefreeshow，wecanknowthatBritishtechnologyimproved.A.beforethewarB.afterthewarC.duringthewarD.untilthewar（3）Accordingtothesecondparagraph，weknowthatDanDarewas.A.anAmericanB.acomicheroC.aleaderonashipD.aheroinhistory（4）IntheEnergyGallery，thewriterlearnedmoreabout.A.physicsB.historyC.literatureD.math（5）IntheAntennaGallery，thewriter.A.enjoyedafreeshowB.watchedsomeinteractiveshowsC.learnedaboutthelatestsciencenewsD.gottoknowhowtobuildagallery（6）Thewritervisitedplacesinthesciencemuseum.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.fiveB.Choosethewordsorphrasesandcompletethepassage.（選擇最恰當的單詞或短語完成短文，6分）30．（6分）NowwearesofamiliarwiththeBMWcar，itisafamouscar.NowIdonotsayaboutthecar，butabouttheBMWpeople.InmanyWesterncountries，thesubwayiscalledthe"Metro".ManypeoplegotoworkbytakingabustothenearbyMetrostation.Afterthey（1）theMetro，theywalkafewblocksbeforearrivingattheirfinaldestination.NowyouknowinfacttheBMWissayingaboutakindofpeoplewhogototheofficebybus，byMetroandonfoot.ThosewhogotoworkbyBMWarecalledBMWpeople.Bstandsforthebike（2）somepeoplealwaysgototheofficebybike.ItisveryusualforyoutoseemanypeoplecrowdedinthebusstationandtheMetrostation，especiallyinthebigcitieslikeShanghai.Ihatetobeinaplacefullofpeopleandwastealotoftimewaitingthere，soIusually（3）andchoosetogototheofficebybike.ItisveryconvenientformeandIhavefoundthattherearereallymanypeoplewhoare（4）tome.AreyouoneoftheBMWs？TobeamemberoftheBMWs，Ioftenenjoythewaytotheoffice，andenjoyseeingdifferentpeopleontheway.AlsoIthinkIcanenjoythe（5）whenIridethebike.Thelifeissobeautiful，wecandomanyotherthingsthatcanmakeourlifebeautifulandenjoyable.Sodonotlosetheconfidenceaboutlife，enjoyyourlife，and（6）goaheadforyourdreamandsticktoitnomatteryouareaBMWornot.（1）A.takeoffB.getoffC.putoffD.turnoff（2）A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.when（3）A.searchB.interruptC.escapeD.approach（4）A.harmlessB.kindC.thankfulD.similar（5）A.holidayB.sceneryC.ownerD.favour（6）A.clearlyB.partlyC.brieflyD.especiallyC.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給，6分）31．（6分）BridgingtheGapAnytimeweneedataxi，wecanpulloutourphone，tap（輕輕叩擊）afewbuttonsonthescreenandacarwillshowup.It'sawesome（絕妙的），right？Butwhathappenstotheelderlypeoplewhoneedataxiridebutdon'tknowhowtouseaphonetobookone？Theycanonlywaveatthetaxispassingby，manyofwhichhavea（1）beenbooked.IfeelterribleeverytimeIgotothehospitalwithmygrandmother.Thereisalwaysalongq（2）ofsickelderlypeoplewaitingfortaxis.Thesepeopleprobablybadlyneedataxi.Buttheycannotgetonebecausetheydonotknowhowtouseasmartphone.Overthepasttenorsoyears，technologyhasadvancedquickly.Formostofus，ithaschangedthewaywelive.Today，shopping，bankingandevenworkcanallbedoneovertheinternet.However，w（3）manynewappshavemadelifeeasierforusyoungerfolk，ithasmadeitincreasinglydifficultfortheoldergenerations.Chinahasnowpassedanewsetofguidelines（指導方針）tokeepseveralbasicservicesbalancedbetweentheironlineandofflineavailability.However，bridgingthis"digitalgap"needse（4）effort.Probablyanyoneovertheageof60，atonetimeoranother，hascalledtheirchildrenorgrandchildrentoaskforhelpwiththeirsmartphones.Whentheydoso，wemustbep（5）.Whatmayonlytakeussecondstomastercantakethemhourstodoso，evenafterrepeatedinstructions.Eventhen，thesmallestmistakewillleavethemmoreconfused（迷惑的）thanbefore.Thenext（1000）time（s）youreldersaskyouforhelpwithtechnology，rememberwhowasthepersonthatspentcountlesshourst（6）youhowtotalk，walk，eat，etc.Theleastwecandoisrepaysomeofthefavor.D.Answerthequestions.（根據短文內容回答下列問題，11分）32．（11分）Ashipwaswrecked（失事的）duringastormatseaandonlytwoofthemenwereabletoswimtoasmallisland.Notknowingwhatelsetodo，thetwofriendsagreedthattheyhadnothingtodobuttopray（祈禱）toGod.However，tofindoutwhoseprayersweremorepowerful，theyagreedtodividetheislandintotwopartsandeachonestayontheotherpartoftheisland.Thefirstthingtheyprayedforwasfood.Thenextmorning，thefirstmansawafruittreeonhisside.Buttheotherman'ssidehadnothing.Afteraweek，thefirstmandecidedtoprayforawife.Thenextday，anothershipwaswreckedandtheonlysurvivor（幸存者）wasawomanwhoswamtohissideoftheisland.Butontheothersideoftheisland，therewasnothing.Soon，thefirstmanprayedforahouse，clothesandmorefood.Thenextday，allofthesethingsappeared.However，thesecondmanstillhadnothing.Aboutoneyearlater，thefirstmanprayedforashipsothatheandhiswifecouldleavetheisland，andinthemorninghefoundashipstoppedathisside.Thefirstmandecidedtoleavewithouthisfriend.Astheshipwasabouttoleave，thefirstmanheardanangryvoicefromHeaven，"Whyareyouleavingyourfriendontheisland？""Myblessings（祈福）areminealone，"thefirstmananswered."Hisprayerswereallunansweredandsohedoesn'tdeserveanything.""Youaremistaken!"thevoiceblamedhim."Hehadonlyoneprayer，whichIanswered.If，notforthat，youwouldnothavereceivedanyofmyblessings.""Tellme，"thefirstmanaskedthevoice，"whatdidheprayfor？"Heprayedthatallofyourprayerswouldbeanswered.______and_______.（1）Therewereonlytwosurvivorsaftertheshipwaswreckedduringastorm，weren'tthere？，.（2）Howdidthetwomensurviveonthesmallisland？（3）Whydidthetwofriendsagreetodividetheislandintotwoparts？（4）Howlongdidthetwomenliveontheisland？（5）Whatdidthefirstmanprayforaltogether？（6）Whatwouldhappennext？Addapossibleendingtothestory.and

參考答案與試題解析Phonetics，GrammarandVocabulary（第二部分語音、語法和詞匯）II.Choosethebestanswer.（選擇最恰當的答案，14分）1．【解答】release、treatment和increase劃線部分發(fā)音[i：]；measure劃線部分發(fā)音[e]；劃線部分發(fā)音不同的是measure。故選：C。2．【解答】on在上面；at在……；in在里面；of……的。根據題干，可知考查短語beinterestedin對……感興趣。故選：C。3．【解答】/零冠詞；a一個，修飾以輔音音素開頭的單詞；an一個，修飾以元音音素開頭的單詞；the表示特指。inaway"在某種程度上"固定短語，way是以輔音音素/w/開頭，用a。故選：B。4．【解答】ing的形容詞修飾物，ed的形容詞修飾人。句子中修飾party是物，要用exciting；far后面跟比較級形式。故選：B。5．【解答】toomany和many后面加可數名詞復數，toomuch和much都加不可數名詞，people可數名詞復數，因為2019冠狀病毒疾病，看電影的人肯定沒多少。故選：D。6．【解答】theother"特指其他的"，后跟可數名詞復數或不可數名詞；theothers等于theother+可數名詞復數或不可數名詞；another"三個或三者以上的另一"；other"其他的"，后跟可數名詞復數或不可數名詞。根據句意"今天幾乎每個人都以一種方式或者另一種方式用電。"可知選項C正確。故選：C。7．【解答】記得（不）去做某事"remember（not）todosth"；記得（沒）做過某事"remember（not）doingsth"。根據"whenyougoout"可知記住外出時要戴口罩。故選：C。8．【解答】write（寫）是動詞原形；iswriting是現在進行時；haswritten是現在完成時；wrote是過去式。根據Bequiet一句的意思可知"寫"這個動作正在進行，要用現在進行時，因此本題正確答案是B。故選：B。9．【解答】if如果；because因為；although雖然；unless除非。根據YoucancatchthefirsttraintoNanjing...youcangetupearlyenough."......你能起得足夠早，你就可以趕上開往南京的第一班火車。"可知，應該是"如果"，用if引導條件狀語從句。故選：A。10．【解答】在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，語境中excited是形容詞，主語是thefans，系動詞是are，句型結構為：How+形容詞+主語+謂語動詞！故選：B。11．【解答】and"而且"，表并列；or"或者"；so"所以"，表因果；but"但是"，表轉折。根據題意"你可以借我的車"與"你必須保證不要開得太快"之間是轉折關系，but符合題意。故選：A。12．【解答】can能；may可以；need需要；must必須。根據Garbagesorting"垃圾分類"可知，"必須"被要求。填must。故選：D。13．【解答】因為前面說父母有病臥床，所以答語只有"C.好遺憾呀"合適；排除：A.沒關系；B.那聽起來很好；D.多謝。故選C。14．【解答】答案：D；I'mgladtohearthat很高興聽到這個消息；Itdoesn'tmatter不要緊；Yes，Iwill．Thankyou是的，我愿意，謝謝你；Goahead，please請開吧．根據問句MayIopenthewindow？It'sabithotinside我可以開窗嗎？里面有點熱，可知正確的答語應為：Goahead，please；故選D．III.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格，每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次，填寫序號，5分）15．【解答】（1）考查動詞。句意：這是一種與世界各地的人聯系的方式。根據后面people?all?around?the?world（全世界的人）可知，是指把全世界的人聯系起來。connect"聯系"符合題意，動詞不定式后面跟動詞原形，故選B。（2）考查形容詞。句意：這一系列產品可以讓游戲愛好者在玩游戲時感覺更舒適。根據句意和語境可知，是指游戲愛好者在玩游戲時感覺更放松。relaxed"放松的"符合題意，系動詞后跟形容詞，故選A。（3）考查動詞。句意：這些新產品的優(yōu)點是它們都保護了IEKA的傳統，即價格合理。根據句意，that后面的從句缺少謂語動詞，protect"保護"符合題意，故選C。（4）考查名詞。句意：IEKA希望吸引世界各地的玩家來到其商店和網站。根據句意，這里指的是吸引世界各地的玩家來到其商店購買產品。stores"商店"符合題意，故選D。（5）考查名詞。句意：我們希望通過提供不同種類的游戲產品來滿足人們的口味。根據句意，這里應該指的是希望不同種類的游戲產品能滿足人們不同的口味。taste"口味"符合題意，故選E。IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.（用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空，7分）16．【解答】根據tobea，此處使用名詞單數，scientist科學家。故填：scientist。17．【解答】根據maketheirleavestastenasty，此處指化學物質，chemical為可數名詞，此處使用復數形式，表示一類事物。故填：chemicals。18．【解答】根據Daisyfelt，此處使用形容詞，puzzled困惑的，為形容詞。故填：puzzled。19．【解答】句意：每個人都應該學會禮貌地與他人交談．修飾動詞用副詞形式．故填politely．20．【解答】根據Howdoesthewoman…h(huán)erchildrentoread，本句為特殊疑問句，使用動詞原形，encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵某人做某事。故填：encourage。21．【解答】根據句意"做決定前仔細考慮是很重要的。"，"做決定"為"makedecisions"。故答案為：decisions。22．【解答】根據句意：在午餐時間，有面條和米飯供選擇．可知考查：choose的名詞形式，choice選擇，a接單數形式．故填choice．V.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired.（根據所給要求完成句子。1-5小題每空格限填一詞，12分）23．【解答】原句中rose是動詞rise的過去式，rise＝goup上升，go的過去式為went。故填：went；up。24．【解答】原句畫線部分toprotectourearth屬于動詞不定式作目的狀語，由此選定疑問詞Why。再將原句剩余部分變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?，需要把should提前至疑問詞之后。故答案是：Why；should。25．【解答】if引導條件狀語從句，ifthereareno...如果沒有……，可以轉換成without...，沒有……，此處指沒有樹木。故填：Without；trees。26．【解答】原句Whatwilllifebelikein50years'time？屬于特殊疑問句，改為賓語從句后需恢復陳述句語序，will放在主語life之后。故答案為：life；will。27．【解答】原句由has...bought推斷為現在完成時，hardly意為"幾乎不"，表示否定含義，根據"前后相反，時態(tài)一致"的原則，考慮填hashe。故答案為：has；he。28．【解答】根據所給的詞和標點，可知本題為肯定句，且為一般現在時態(tài)。advertisingcompanies廣告公司，是句子的主語，謂語動詞是plan，固定詞組plantodosth.計劃做某事，plantouseanewway計劃使用一種新的方式，anewway后接動詞不定式，toselltheirproducts銷售他們的產品。故填：Advertisingcompaniesplantouseanewwaytoselltheirproducts。Part3ReadingandWriting（第三部分讀寫）VI.Readingcomprehension.（閱讀理解，共29分）A.Choosethebestanswer.（根據短文內容，選擇最恰當的答案，6分）29．【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據MuseumsaresomeofthebestplacestogooutinLondon.（博物館是倫敦最適合外出的地方之一。）可知作者認為倫敦的科學博物館是個好地方。故選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據FromitweknewthatBritishtechnologyimprovedafterthewar.（從中我們知道英國的技術在戰(zhàn)后有所改進。）可知英國的技術在戰(zhàn)后進步了。故選B。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據aclassicBritishsciencefictioncomichero.（一位經典的英國科幻喜劇英雄）可知，DanDare是一名喜劇英雄。故選B。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據Theytaughtusabouttheworldofphysics.（他們教我們有關物理世界的情況。）可知在能源畫廊里，作者了解了更多關于物理的信息。故選A。（5）細節(jié)理解題。根據Finally，wewenttotheAntennaGalleryandgotthelatestsciencenews.（最后，我們去了天線畫廊，得到了最新的科學新聞。）可知，在天線畫廊，作者了解了最新的科學新聞。故選C。（6）總結歸納題。根據Firstwehadalookatanewfreeshow（首先，我們看了一個新免費節(jié)目）；Afterthat，wewenttotheEnergyGallery（能源長廊），（之后，我們去了能源長廊）Finally，wewenttotheAntennaGalleryandgotthelatestsciencenews.（最后，我們去了天線畫廊，得到了最新的科學新聞。）可知，總共去了三個地方。故選B。B.Choosethewordsorphrasesandcompletethepassage.（選擇最恰當的單詞或短語完成短文，6分）30．【解答】（1）短語辨析。A.takeoff起飛；B.getoff下車；C.putoff推遲；D.turnoff關閉。根據theywalkafewblocksbeforearrivingattheirfinaldestination.（他們走了幾個街區(qū)才到達他們的最終目的地。）可知是下地鐵后，因此選getoff符合題意。故選B。（2）連詞辨析。A.because因為；B.though盡管；C.if如果；D.when當...時。根據句意，上文是B代表自行車，下文是有些人總是騎自行車去辦公室，可知兩句之間構成因果關系，因此選because。故選A。（3）動詞辨析。A.search搜索；B.interrupt打斷；C.escape逃避、逃離；D.approach接近。根據Ihatetobeinaplacefullofpeopleandwastealotoftimewaitingthere（我討厭在人多的地方浪費很多時間在那里等待）可知，我會逃離人多的地方并選擇騎自行車去辦公室，因此選escape。故選C。（4）形容詞辨析。A.harmless無害的；B.kind寬容的；C.thankful感激的；D.similar相似的。根據語境和選項可知，這對我來說很方便，我發(fā)現真的有很多和我相似的人。故選D。（5）名詞辨析。A.holiday度假；B.scenery風景；C.owner主人；D.favour恩惠。根據whenIridethebike.（當我騎自行車時。）和選項可知騎車的時候可以欣賞到風景。故選B。（6）副詞辨析。A.clearly清楚地；B.partly部分地；C.briefly簡單地；D.especially尤其。根據Thelifeissobeautiful，wecandomanyotherthingsthatcanmakeourlifebeautifulandenjoyable.（生活是如此美麗，我們可以做很多其他的事情，可以使我們的生活美麗和愉快。）可知不要對生活失去信心，要享受生活，尤其是堅持夢想，因此選especially符合題意。故選D。C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給，6分）31．【解答】（1）考查副詞。句意：他們只能向路過的出租車揮手，其中許多出租車實際上已經預訂好了。根據have...beenbooked，結合首字母，可知是actually"實際上"。故填actually。（2）考查名詞。句意：總是有一長串生病的老人在等出租車。根據Thesepeopleprobablybadlyneedataxi.Buttheycannotgetonebecausetheydonotknowhowtouseasmartphone.（這些人可能急需一輛出租車。但他們無法得到一個，因為他們不知道如何使用智能手機。），結合首字母，可知是queue"隊列"，alongqueueof..."長隊"。故填queue。（3）考查連詞。句意：然而，盡管許多新的應用程序讓我們年輕人的生活變得更輕松，但卻讓老一輩人的生活變得越來越困難。根據...manynewappshavemadelifeeasierforusyoungerfolk，ithasmadeitincreasinglydifficultfortheoldergenerations，結合首字母，可知是while"盡管"。故填while。（4）考查復合不定代詞。句意：然而，彌合這一"數字鴻溝"需要每個人的努力。根據文章講述的是年輕人需要幫助老人，結合首字母，可知是everyone"每個人"，effort"努力"為名詞，故用everyon