2024-2025年中考專題 被動語態(tài) 課件

中考被動語態(tài)專項目錄一、定義和構(gòu)成二、不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)和句式變化三、用法和注意事項：無被動和其他特殊情況四、做題方法和練習題一、定義和構(gòu)成1定義動作執(zhí)行者/發(fā)出者主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)動作承受者/接收者語態(tài)

:動詞的一種形式，說明主語和謂語動詞的關(guān)系。Manypeople?plant?trees.Treesareplanted?by?manypeople.主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主語謂語賓語主語賓語謂語主動變被動方法:1.主變賓，賓變主2.謂動變成be+done3.by在被動賓前加4.其他成分都不變2結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+助動詞(be)+動詞過去分詞Treesareplanted?by?manypeople.注意：be動詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化過去分詞的變化-規(guī)則變形一般直接加-ed；見e直接加-d;重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫尾字母再加-ed；輔y結(jié)尾變?yōu)閕，再把ed加。show--showedwash--washedwatch--watchedstop--stoppedplan--plannedtrip—trippeddrop—droppedtry--triedcry—criedstudy--studiedcarry—carriedlive--livedhope--hopeddance--danced過去分詞的變化-不規(guī)則變形put_______________cut_______________hurt_______________begin_______________drink_______________fall_______________run_______________come_______________become_______________think_______________buy_______________bring_______________teach_______________catch_______________feel_______________keep_______________sleep_______________sell_______________hold_______________putputcutcuthurthurtbeganbegundrankdrunkfellfallenranruncamecomebecamebecomethoughtthoughtboughtboughtbroughtbroughttaughttaughtcaughtcaughtfeltfeltkeptkeptsleptsleptsoldsoldheldheld

二、不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)和句式變化主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are+done一般過去時didwas/were+done一般將來時will+dowillbe+done現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+donehave/hasbeen+done含有情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+do情態(tài)動詞be+done注：標紅為課標要求1.不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)2.句式變化一般現(xiàn)在時1243肯定句：主語+am/is/are+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+am/is/are+not+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：Am/is/are+主語+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+過去分詞+其他一般過去時1243肯定句：主語+was/were+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+was/were+not+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：Was/were+主語+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+過去分詞+其他含有情態(tài)動詞1243肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+be+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：情態(tài)動詞+主語+be+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+be+過去分詞+其他

三、用法和注意事項1.用法1.不知道或沒有必要強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者2.需要強調(diào)動作的承受者，3.出于禮貌方面的考慮不愿說出動作的承受者ThesebooksarewrittenforstudentsChineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.Hewasaskedtogiveatalk2.注意事項主系表結(jié)構(gòu)1therebe結(jié)構(gòu)2主動句的謂語動詞為不及物動詞34主動句中賓語是反身代詞無被動語態(tài)的情況Mymothergaveme

apencil.一、含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句雙賓語直接賓語間接賓語動作的承受者：表示物的賓語apencil動作的目標：表示人的賓語me其他特殊情況可接雙賓語的詞：搭配to:

bring,give,ask,lend,send,show,take,tell，pass搭配for:buy，order，cookMymothergaveme

apencil

間接賓語直接賓語間接賓語做主語直接賓語做主語I

wasgivenapencilbymymother.Apencilwasgiven

to

mebymymother.注意：直接賓語做主語，要在間接賓語前加介詞to或forHelooksafterhisyoungersister.Hisyoungersisterislookedafterbyhim.注意：介詞不可省略二、動詞短語變被動動詞+介詞動詞+副詞動詞短語三、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)變被動I

see

a

boy

playintheplayground.

A

boy

is

seen

to

play

into

the

building.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.Thegirlismade

tostayathomebyhim.主動句的賓語補足語是不帶to的動詞不定式，變被動應(yīng)加上to常見不帶to的結(jié)構(gòu)：感官動詞：hear,feel,notice,watch,see,look,observe使役動詞：make，let，have一、定語態(tài)二、判時態(tài)三、變被動標志詞&上下句做題方法1.English__________(use)asaforeignlanguageinourcountry.2.I________________(invite)tothepartyyesterday.3.Thefilm________________(show)ontheTVnextmonth.4.Thetask_______________(finish)inanhour.5.Weusethecameratotakephotos.(改為被動語態(tài))Thecamera________________totakephotosbyus.6.Theythoughtmyfather?soldtoolscould_________(put)togooduse.例題isusedwasinvitedwillbeshownwillbefinishedisusedbeput1.Theplay____________(show)atthetheatrenextSunday.2.Jillwearspairofblackpearlearrings.(改為被動語態(tài))Apairofblackpearlearrings________________byJill.3.Wastepapershouldn’t____________(throw)everywhere.4.Thepicture_______________(create)byagroupofstudents.5.Chinese____________(spe