專題03：閱讀理解說明文-2023年廣東省廣州市11區(qū)中考英語一模及名校模擬試題分類匯編（解析版）

專題03：閱讀理解說明文2023年廣東省廣州市11區(qū)中考英語一模及名校模擬試題分類匯編（解析版）1.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Takeyourdogforameal.Atmorerestaurants,includingsomeofthemostfashionableones,diningwithanimalsisnowpartoftheevening’smenu.WhenlocalsinKeyWestgoouttodinner,apopularplaceisanopen-airrestaurant.Onenteringtherestaurant,they’lllikelyseeacatnexttoasignthatsays“PettheCat,$1.”Fortheownersoftherestaurant,servinghumanguestsalongsidetheirpetsisano-brainer.

Sincetheyopenedtherestaurant,they’vehadafriendlyruletowardspets,theonethatallowspetsintotherestaurantinagivenweek.Americansmoreandmoredependonrestaurants(theyeat4.2mealsouteachweek),it’sonlynaturalthatthefamilypetisfinallygettingintotheact.Enter“pet-friendlyrestaurants”intoanInternetsearchengineandmanyrestaurantscomeout.Whydorestaurantscourtpets?“Dogsneversendtheirfoodback,”jokesoneowner.Thetrend（趨勢）doesn’tonlybelongtocommonplaces.Manyhigh-rankrestaurantsalsohavefollowedthetrend.Andtherearesomecooksmakingaspecialefforttotreatthosewithfourlegs.LorieAnn,

co-ownerandcookatarestaurantnamedFishWagoninCalif,specializinginGermanandFrenchfood,servesafreehome-made“doggieburger”andafewdoggie“cookies”tonon-humanguests.Evenasmorerestaurantsseektodrawpetowners,theyarestilltheexception.Mostlocalhealthrulesmakeitclearthatpetsshouldbepreventedfromrestaurantsandsuggestthattheybekeptoutofopen-airareas.Still,manyofficialsdon’tpayattentiontotherulesandallowpetstositoutsidewiththeirowners.Tomakepetownersconvenientwithintherules,somerestaurantsallowpetstositwiththeirownersonlywhentheanimalsare“parked”justoutsidethedesignated（指定的）diningarea.1．Whydoesitbecomepartoftheevening’smenutotakepetsforamealnaturallyinAmerica?A．Manyrestaurantsaimtopleasenon-humanguests.B．Peoplehavemealsoutmoreoftenthaneverbefore.C．Petownerswanttogivetheirpetsbetterthingstoeat.D．Moreandmorerestaurantshavefriendlyrulesforpets.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“court”meaninParagraph5?A．Trytoplease. B．Trytostop. C．Trytoclean. D．Trytointroduce.3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Restaurantspleaseownersinordertobringmoredogs.B．Restaurantsgivemorespecialservicetopetsthanhumans.C．Restaurantstrytobalancebetweentherulesandguests’need.D．Healthrulesdon’thaveanyinfluenceondiningoutwithpets.4．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PetMeals B．PettingCatsinRestaurantsC．PetOwners D．DiningoutwithYourPets【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D【導語】本文主要介紹了隨著美國人外出就餐更加頻繁，許多餐廳為了吸引顧客也允許顧客帶著寵物就餐的現象。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據“Americansmoreandmoredependonrestaurants(theyeat4.2mealsouteachweek),it’sonlynaturalthatthefamilypetisfinallygettingintotheact.”可知，在美國，因為人們外出就餐的次數比以往任何時候都多了，所以帶寵物吃飯自然而然地成為晚上菜單的一部分，故選B。2．詞義猜測題。根據“‘Dogsneversendtheirfoodback,’jokesoneowner.”一位主人開玩笑說：“狗從來不會把食物退回來?！保圆宛^會取悅狗狗，因此單詞“court”指的是“奉承，討好”，故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據“Evenasmorerestaurantsseektodrawpetowners,theyarestilltheexception.Mostlocalhealthrulesmakeitclearthatpetsshouldbepreventedfromrestaurantsandsuggestthattheybekeptoutofopen-airareas.”以及下文的理解可知，最后兩段主要是介紹餐館試圖在規(guī)則和客人的需求之間取得平衡。故選C。4．最佳標題題。根據“Takeyourdogforameal.Atmorerestaurants,includingsomeofthemostfashionableones,diningwithanimalsisnowpartoftheevening’smenu.”以及整個文章的理解可知，主要是介紹和寵物出去吃飯的這一現象越來越常見，故選D。2.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Parentsandteachersknowhowdifficulttheteenageyearscanbe.Teenshavealwaysbeenknowntodowild,evendangerousthings.Thiswasthoughttobebecauseofthe“foolishnessofyouth”.Now,thenewtechnologyallowsscientiststostudythephysicaldevelopmentofthebraininmoredetail.Theirdiscoverieshaveledtoanewtheoryofwhyteensactthisway.AWorkinProgressRecently,scientistsdiscoveredthatthoughourbrainsarealmostattheirfullsizebytheageof6,theyarefarfromfullydeveloped.Onlyduringyouthhoodourbrainstruly“growup”.Duringthistime,theygothroughgreatchanges,likeacomputersystembeingupgraded.Now,scientistshaveconcludedthatourbrainscontinuetochangeuntilage25.Suchchangesmakeusbetteratbalancingimpulses(沖動)withthefollowingrules.Butastill-developingbraincan’tdoitwell.Theresultisthechangeablebehaviorseeninteenagers.PleasureSeekersThestudiessaythatteensprobablytakerisksandbehavebadly.Luckily,asabrainscientistpointsout,theteenbrainencouragessuchbehaviorinordertohelpteensprepareforadultlife.Onewaythebraindoesthisisbychangingthewayteensmeasureriskandreward.Researchersfoundthatwhenteensthinkaboutrewards,theirbrainsproducemorechemicalsthatcreatepleasurethananadultbraindoes.Researchersbelievethismakestherewardsseemmoreimportantthantherisks,andmakesteensfeelmoreexcitedaboutnewexperiencesthanadultsdo.Researchalsofoundthatitmakessocialconnectionsseemespeciallyuseful.Thebrainencouragesteenstohaveawidecircleoffriends,whichisbelievedtomakeusmoresuccessfulinlife.Unluckily,thishuntforgreaterrewardscansometimesleadteenstomakebaddecisions.However,italsomeansthatteensaremorepossible,andlessafraid,totrynewthingsortobeindependent,whichcanhelpteensleavetheirparents’careandlivetheirownlivessuccessfully.5．Whatcanweknowaboutourbrains?A．Theydon’tdevelopuntilage25.B．Theyarefullydevelopedbytheageof6.C．Theygrowbiggeronlyduringyouthhood.D．It’snoteasytoactonimpulsewithdevelopedbrains.6．Howdoestheteenbrainhelpthemprepareforadultlife?A．Bymakingteenskeepoffnewpeople.B．Byleadingteenstomakebaddecisions.C．Bymakingteensbravertotrynewthings.D．Bychangingthewayteensmeasurepleasureandreward.7．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．8．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．Theteens B．TheteenagebrainC．Thepleasureseekers D．Theworkinprogress【答案】5．D6．C7．A8．B【導語】本文主要介紹了青少年的大腦。5．推理判斷題。根據“Duringthistime,theygothroughgreatchanges,likeacomputersystembeingupgraded.Now,scientistshaveconcludedthatourbrainscontinuetochangeuntilage25.Suchchangesmakeusbetteratbalancingimpulses(沖動)withthefollowingrules.”可知發(fā)育好的大腦不容易沖動行事。故選D。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據“Thestudiessaythatteensprobablytakerisksandbehavebadly.Luckily,asabrainscientistpointsout,theteenbrainencouragessuchbehaviorinordertohelpteensprepareforadultlife.”可知讓青少年勇于嘗試新事物來幫助他們?yōu)槌赡晟钭鰷蕚洹９蔬xC。7．篇章結構題。本文第一段是總領全文，介紹了科學家的發(fā)現引出了一個關于青少年為什么會這樣做的新理論；第二段介紹了青少年的大腦正在進行的工作；第三、四、五和第六段介紹了青少年可能會冒險，行為不端，青少年的大腦鼓勵這種行為，以幫助青少年為成年生活做好準備，可以讓他們成功地過上自己的生活。所以A選項符合，故選A。8．最佳標題題。根據全文可知，本文主要介紹了青少年的大腦。故選B。3.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenisadollarworthmuchmorethanadollar?Whencanamistakemakesomethingworthmuchmore?Whatgetsmorevaluablewithage?Numismaticexpertslovetodiscussthesequestions!Whenmostpeopleconsiderthevalueofpapermoney,theytakeaquicklookatthefacevalue.(Thefacevalueisthevalueprintedonthemoneyitself.)Anumismaticexperttakesamuchcloserlook!Becominganumismaticexpertrequiresattentiontodetails.Therearemanywords,picturesandnumbersoneachdollarbill.Onethinganumismaticexpertwillconsiderwhenlookingatpapermoneyisthetypeofcurrency(貨幣).AtthetopofmostU.S.dollars,youwillseethewordsFederalReserveNote.Onaverysmallnumberofbills,youmayseethewordsSilverCertificate.Before1968,aSilverCertificatecouldbechangedforsilver.Sodon’tspendthatbillbecauseitisprobablyworthmorethanadollar.Next,anumismaticexpertislikelytotakealookattheserialnumbersonthebill.TheserialnumberisprintedbothonthebottomleftandontheupperrightofmostU.S.dollars.Iftheserialnumbersdonotmatch,thedollarbillisworthmuchmorethanadollar.Billswithcertainserialnumbersarealsolikelytobeworthmorethantheirfacevalue.Forexample,abillwitharepeatingserialnumber,suchas5555555isinhighdemand.Thismakesitworthmuchmorethanadollar.Abillwithanasterisk(*)beforetheserialnumbernotesthattherewasanerrorbeforeproductionofthebill.Thisasteriskoftenmakesthebillmorevaluable.Ifanyofthenumbersorpicturesonadollarbillareshifted,notprintedexactlywheretheyshouldbe,thevalueofthebillincreasesgreatly,whichmakesithaveaveryhighcollectionvalue.Thereismuchmoretolearnaboutnumismatics.Ifyouwouldliketobecomeanumismaticexpert,thefirststepistotakeacloserlookatthemoneythatpassesthroughyourhands.Goodluck!9．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“Numismaticexperts”inParagraph1mean?A．Expertsonstudyingmoneyandcurrency.B．Expertsonteachingpeopletoearnmoney.C．Expertsonstudyingnumbersandmaths.D．Expertsondesigningbillsandnotes.10．Whichofthefollowingdollarbillvaluesmost?A．Abillwithclearandbeautifulpictures.B．AbillwithFederalReserveNoteatthetop.C．Abillwithanasteriskbeforetheserialnumber.D．Abillwithacertainserialnumber,like8650983.11．WhatdoesParagraph3tellus?A．Whatshouldberequiredtobecomeanumismaticexpert.B．Whatwords,picturesandnumbersareoneachdollarbill.C．Thetypeofcurrencyinfluencesthevalueofthepapermoney.D．SilverCertificatenoteisworthmorethanFederalReservenote.12．Inwhatkindofmagazinecanyouprobablyreadthisarticle?A．Geography. B．Travel. C．History. D．Collection.【答案】9．A10．C11．C12．D【導語】本文介紹了一美元在什么情況下會比面值1美元更加值錢，并介紹了如何判斷自己手中的錢是否更值錢的判斷方法。9．推理判斷題。根據“Whenmostpeopleconsiderthevalueofpapermoney,theytakeaquicklookatthefacevalue.(Thefacevalueisthevalueprintedonthemoneyitself.)Anumismaticexperttakesamuchcloserlook!”可知，短語“Numismaticexperts”指的是“研究金錢和貨幣的專家”，故選A。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據“Abillwithanasterisk(*)beforetheserialnumbernotesthattherewasanerrorbeforeproductionofthebill.Thisasteriskoftenmakesthebillmorevaluable.”可知，在序列號前帶有星號(*)的票據表明在票據生產之前存在錯誤。這個星號通常使鈔票更有價值。故選C。11．段落大意題。根據“Therearemanywords,picturesandnumbersoneachdollarbill.Onethinganumismaticexpertwillconsiderwhenlookingatpapermoneyisthetypeofcurrency(貨幣)...”可知，本段主要介紹了貨幣的種類會影響紙幣的價值。故選C。12．推理判斷題。根據“Ifanyofthenumbersorpicturesonadollarbillareshifted,notprintedexactlywheretheyshouldbe,thevalueofthebillincreasesgreatly,whichmakesithaveaveryhighcollectionvalue.”以及整個文章的理解可知，主要是介紹什么樣的錢幣更有價值，如何判斷等，應該是在收藏類的雜志上能看到，故選D。4.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）BicycleshavelongbeenusedfortransportationinChina.Butrecently,cyclinghasbecomepopularbecauseoftheresultofrestrictionsduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.Thepandemichasmadecyclingmorepopularasofficialsclosedsomegymnasiumsorplacesforexercise.LindaMocouldnotexerciseindoorsinMaybecauseofthepandemic.So,shestartedcyclingandsoonlovedthesport.“Irealizedaracingbicyclewasquitedifferentthanaregularbike,”shesaid,adding,“It’sveryfastandexciting...”ForcyclistYangLan,thesportalsoprovidesanescapefromthedailydifficultiesoflife.“Withthepandemic...itseemstobetheonlywayforustorunawayfromtheterriblecitylife...”shesaid.Naturally,thegrowthincyclinghasincreasedthedemandforbicycles.Beijingstores’salesrose20to30percentfromMarchtoJune,comparedtothesameperiodlastyear.ZhouFuyuan,thefounderofMagicCycling,saidChina’sbicyclemarketwasa$12to$15billionindustryin2021.ResearchandMarketspredictthatthesalescouldreach$16.5billionby2026.Becauseofincreasingdemandandworldwidesupplychainproblems,peoplemustwaitweeksormonthstogetone.ForeverySpecializedbicyclesoldinBeijingatleast10customersarewaitingfortheirbicyclestoarrive,JoannaLeichosetopaymoreforbicycleavailable.Shesaidthemoneywasbetterspentthanonaluxurybag.“Whatyouareinvestinginisyourownbodyandaverygoodhabit,”shesaid.Leiadded,“Ithinkitismorevaluablethanclothesthatyouwearorhandbagsthatyouuse.”Peoplewillhavemorechoicesforsportsandentertainmentwhenthepandemicisover.ButFengsaysheexpectscyclingtoremainpopularbecauseofChina’sgrowinghealthconcernsandawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.“Suchalifestyleisprobablyhealthierandismorebeneficialtosociety,”Yangsaid.Sheadded,“Ithinkpeoplenowhaveagoodsenseofenvironmentalprotectionandhopetodogoodforsociety.”13．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhycyclinghasbecomepopularinChina?A．Becausecyclinggivespeopleanescapefromthedailydifficultiesoflife.B．Becauseofficialsclosedsomeplacesforexerciseduringthepandemic.C．Becausecyclingismorevaluablethanaluxurybag.D．Becausepeople’shealthconcernshaveincreased.14．Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inParagraph6referto?A．Theenvironment B．Cycling C．Agoodhabit D．Abicycle15．Thewriterlistslotsofnumbersinthepassage________.A．toexplainwhythepriceofbicycleisrisingB．tostatethegrowingdemandofbicyclesinChinaC．tocomparebicyclessalesbeforeandafterthepandemicD．toshowpeople’sincreasingawarenessofenvironmentalprotection16．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Cyclingisfastandexciting. B．Cyclingisgoodforourhealth.C．Cyclingisbeneficialtothesociety. D．CyclinghasbecomemorepopularinChina.【答案】13．C14．C15．B16．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了越來越多的人選擇騎自行車。13．推理判斷題。根據“thesportalsoprovidesanescapefromthedailydifficultiesoflife”、“Thepandemichasmadecyclingmorepopularasofficialsclosedsomegymnasiumsorplacesforexercise”以及“ButFengsaysheexpectscyclingtoremainpopularbecauseofChina’sgrowinghealthconcerns”可知，只有C選項“因為騎自行車比一個奢侈的包更有價值?！辈皇球T車在中國流行的原因。故選C。14．詞句猜測題。根據“Whatyouareinvestinginisyourownbodyandaverygoodhabit”可知，it指代上文的“好習慣”。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據“cyclinghasbecomepopular”以及“Becauseofincreasingdemand”可知，目的是為了展現對自行車需求的增長。故選B。16．最佳標題題。根據首段“BicycleshavelongbeenusedfortransportationinChina.Butrecently,cyclinghasbecomepopularbecauseoftheresultofrestrictionsduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.”以及下文的內容可知，整篇文章圍繞著自行車變得流行而展開。故選D。5.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Whatobjecthasthemagicabilitytoprovideyouwithawholenewworld,whereyoucanreadbooks,sendmessagesorgoonlinechatting,postpicturesonsocialmediaorwatchTVprogrammesanytime?Whatcanentertainyoudayandnight?Yes,youknowtheanswer—yourhandphone.Clearly,thehandphonesatisfiesallourwantsandneeds,leavingusdesiringmore.AccordingtoasurveyreportbyConnectedLife,Singaporeanyouthsspendanaverageof3.4hoursadayontheirphones.Thismaynotseemlikeabignumbertoyou,butthink:whatcouldyoudointhreehours?Cyclingattheparkwithyourfamily,reviewingyourwork,helpingafriendwithhiswork.Timewastedislifewasted.Isthesacrificeworthit?No,phoneaddictionmustcometoafullstoptoday.How?Onewaytostopaddictionistodownloadsomeappstofollowthetimeyouspendonyourphonedaily.Youwillfindmanymobileappsthathelptracktheexactlengthoftimeyouspendonyourphone,tellingyouifyourunovertime.Eachdayyoucanstartafreshwithanewgoal,withanewsenseofwhatyouneedtodoandwhatyoudonot.Anothermethodistokeepyourphoneoffandplaceitoutofsight.Whenyourphoneisoff,youwouldbeunabletocheckitsooften.Althoughtheremaybeastrongdesireforyourphone,keepinmindthemanydifferenttasksyouneedtodoinsteadandworkonthem.Whenyoufeelliketurningiton,smackyourhandandtellyourselffirmly,“Later!”Inshort,themosteffectivewayistobusyyourselfwithotheractivitiesandpushthecomplaintsofthelossofvaluabletimewithMrSmartphoneoutofyourmind.Afterall,thesejoysareonlyshort-term,andwillbeyourregretinthelongrun.Nowisthetimetolockyourhandphoneandunlockyourlife.Bealiveinthisworld,fullofhopesanddreams,beautyandwonders.Cherishyouryouthwhileyoucan.Youdonotwanttoregret.17．What’sthepurposeofParagraph2?A．Totellwhathandphoneaddictionis.B．Totellthetimethatwaswastedbyadults.C．Totellthereasontocutdownhandphonetime.D．Totellhowtostopoverusingthehandphone.18．Whatisthebestwaytostopphoneaddictionaccordingtothepassage?A．Checkthephoneasmuchaspossible.B．Usesomeappstocheckthetimeyouwork.C．Keepyourselfbusywithmanydifferenttasks.D．Spendnomorethan3.4hoursonthephoneaday.19．Whichofthefollowingsayingbestdescribesthesecondmethod?A．Nopains,nogains. B．Outofsight,outofmind.C．Practicemakesperfect. D．Romewasnotbuiltinoneday.20．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．KeepYourHandphoneOff B．SatisfyYourNeedsC．TurnYourHandphoneOff D．UnlockYourLife【答案】17．C18．C19．B20．D【導語】本文主要講述了如何戒掉手機癮的方法，并勸說我們不要沉溺于手機，而是開啟生活。17．推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可知，每天花費在手機上的時間可以做很多事情，浪費時間就是浪費生命，因此作者寫這一段內容的目的是告訴我們減少手機時間的原因。故選C。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據“Inshort,themosteffectivewayistobusyyourselfwithotheractivitiesandpushthecomplaintsofthelossofvaluabletimewithMrSmartphoneoutofyourmind.”可知，戒掉手機癮的最有效的方法就是讓自己忙于其他活動。故選C。19．推理判斷題。根據“Anothermethodistokeepyourphoneoffandplaceitoutofsight.”可知，第二個方法就是把手機放在看不見的地方，也就是“眼不見，心不煩”。故選B。20．最佳標題題。通讀全文內容和“Nowisthetimetolockyourhandphoneandunlockyourlife.”可知，本文主要講述了如何戒掉手機癮的方法，也勸說我們不要沉溺于手機，而是開啟生活。故選D。6.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Scientistshaveshownthathumansappeartohaveanabilitytounderstandthesignsofapes.Asweallknow,humansusewordstotalktoeachother.Butwealsopoint,nod,anduseourhandstoshowwhatwemean.We’vebeendoingthisfortensofthousandsofyears.Apeshavetheirownsystemofgesturestoshowwhattheymean.Chimpanzeesandbonobos（倭黑猩猩）aretwokindsofapesthataretheclosesttohumans.Theyuseabout80differentgesturestoshowwhattheymean.Forexample,agesturetheresearcherscall“bigloudscratch”means“helppickinsectsoffme”.Scientistshavelearnedthemeaningsofthesegesturesbystudyingchimpanzeesandbonobosforyears.Besides,scientistshavestudiedhowapesusegestures.Butnoonehadstudiedwhetherhumanscouldunderstandthegesturesofapes.ResearchersKirstyGrahamandCatherineHobaiterattheUniversityofSt.Andrewsdecidedtotestthisidea.Theywantedtoseeifhumanswithnotrainingorexperiencecouldunderstandthegesturesofchimpanzeesandbonobos.Theresearcherscreatedagameforpeopletoplayonline.Thegamewassimple.Peoplewatchedshortvideosofapesmakingagesture.Thentheyhadtochoosethecorrectmeaningofthegestureoutoffourpossibleanswers.Thousandsofpeopleplayedthegame.Theresearchersweresurprisedtofindthatpeoplewereabletochoosethecorrectmeaningofthegesturesover50%ofthetime.Forsomeofthegestures,peoplewereabletochoosethecorrectmeaningabout80%ofthetime.Thescientistsbelievethathumansmayhaveanaturalabilitytounderstandthegesturesofapes.Butit’snotclearwhy.Humansandotherapesalldevelopedfromanearlierkindofapethatlivedlongago.Onepossibilityisthatthebodylanguageofthesegestureshasbeenpasseddownfromthissharedancestor（祖先）.Anotherpossibilityisthatthegesturesareanaturalresultofhumansandapessharingsimilarbodyshapesandneedingtocommunicatesimilarideas.It’salsopossiblethatthegesturessimplylookliketheactionstheyarerequesting.Theresearcherssaythattheyneedtostudyhowhumansareabletounderstandthegesturesofapes.They’realsocuriousabouthowhumansunderstandotheranimals,likedogs.21．HowdoesthewriterdevelopParagraph3?A．Bytellingastory. B．Bygivinganexample.C．Bygivingasuggestion. D．Byexpressinganopinion.22．WhydidKirstyGrahamandCatherineHobaiterdecidetotesttheiridea?A．Theywererequiredtofindoutthetruth.B．Theywantedtoprovethatchimpanzeesarehumanancestors.C．Theywonderedifhumanshadthenaturalabilitytounderstandthegesturesof

apes.D．Theywantedtocreateaninterestinggameaboutchimpanzeesforpeopletoplayonline.23．Whichofthefollowingphrases“passdown”hasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedoneinthepassage?A．Passdownthebusandmakeroomformorepassengers.B．Thetraditionhasbeenpasseddownforhundredsofyears.C．Whydidhekeeppassingdowntheballbacktothegoalkeeper?D．Hisorderswerepasseddownfromthesmallgrouptotheotherworkers.24．Accordingtothepassage,whatwilltheresearchersprobablydonext?A．Begintostudydogs.B．Encouragepeopletodoresearchonapes.C．Createmoregamesforpeopletoplayonline.D．Studyhowhumanscanunderstandthegesturesofapes.【答案】21．B22．C23．B24．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了科學家覺得人類可以明白類人猿的手勢意思。21．推理判斷題。根據文中“Forexample,agesturetheresearcherscall‘bigloudscratch’means‘helppickinsectsoffme’”可知，此處是舉出一個例子來證明前面的觀點。故選B。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據文中“Theywantedtoseeifhumanswithnotrainingorexperiencecouldunderstandthegesturesofchimpanzeesandbonobos.”可知他們是想知道沒有任何經驗和訓練的人是不是可以知道這些猩猩的手勢意思。故選C。23．推理判斷題。根據文中“Onepossibilityisthatthebodylanguageofthesegestureshasbeenpasseddownfromthissharedancestor”可知，此處出現了來自祖先，所以可以推測出passdown可翻譯為“流傳，傳承”，而選項中“Thetraditionhasbeenpasseddownforhundredsofyears.”表示這個傳統(tǒng)都流傳了幾百年了，兩句的“passdown”意思一致。故選B。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據文中“Theresearcherssaythattheyneedtostudyhowhumansareabletounderstandthegesturesofapes.”可知研究人員說他們需要去研究人類是如何能夠理解類人猿手勢意思的，只有D符合題意。故選D。7.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Teensoftenfindthemselveshardtocommunicatetheirneedsortheirvalueswithfriendsandothers.Evenwhentheirgut（直覺）istellingthemthatsomeoneiscrossingalinewiththem,it’sdifficultforthemtoexpressthatthesituationismakingthemuncomfortable.Forthisreason,teensneedtolearnhowtosetboundaries（界限）withothers.Althoughboundariesaredifferentforeveryone,theyhelpteenssetlimits（限制）withothersinordertoprotectthemselves.SettingboundariesallowsteenstocommunicatewithotherpeopleaboutwhatisOKandwhatisnotOKwiththem,anditisessentialforteenfriendships.ExplanationofBoundariesBoundariesarelimitsteenssetinordertoprotectthemselvesinsomewayfrombeinghurtorbullied.Asanexpressionofself-worth,boundariesletotherpeopleknowwhotheyare,whattheyvalue,andhowtheywanttobetreated.Inaddition,boundarieshelptocreatespacebetweenteensandotherpeoplewhentheyneedthem.ImportanceofBoundariesLearninghowtosetboundariesisanimportantpartofgrowingup.It’salsoessentialtodeveloprelationshipsthatarerespectful,supportive,andhealthy.Unfortunately,manyteenshavetroublesettingboundarieswiththeirfriends.Whenthishappens,itputsthematriskforeverythingfromunhealthyfriendshipstobullying.Settingboundarieswithotherpeoplenotonlyhelpskeepteenssafebutalsohelpprotecttheirmentalhealth.Beinginanunhealthyrelationshiphasanumberofbadresults.Ifteenshavepeopleintheirlivessuchasunkindfriends,acontrollingpartner,oranadultthatmakesthemfeeluncomfortableanddisrespected,theyneedtoconsidersettingboundarieswiththosepeople.________Infact,teenswillrunintoanumberofdifferentsituationsthroughouttheirlifethatchallengetheirvaluesandtheirbeliefs.Knowinghowtosetboundariescanhelpthemstaysafeandbetruetowhotheyare.Herearesometipsforsettingboundaries:●Identifytheirfeelings.●Trusttheirgut.●Identifytheirunacceptablebehaviors.●Knowabouttherisksofnotsettingboundaries.25．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisagoodexampleofsettingboundaries?A．Jerryrefusedtocommunicatewithparentsandfriends.B．Aboyaged14talkedabouthishobbywithhisbestfriend.C．KellyaskedAgonyAuntforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.D．Youletyourfriendknowhowyouwantedtobetreatedpolitely.26．Whatistheadvantageofsettingboundaries?A．Showingrespecttoparents. B．Reducingspacewithothers.C．Knowingthevalueoffriends. D．Buildinguphealthyrelationships.27．Whichsub-titleshouldbeputintheblank“________”?A．WaysofSettingBoundaries B．LearningaboutBoundariesC．TheInfluenceofSettingBoundaries D．DifferentSituationsthroughoutTeens’Life28．Whichpartofthenewspaperisthepassagemostprobablyfrom?A．QuizTime. B．TopicsinFocus. C．MindStation. D．ScientificStudy.【答案】25．D26．D27．A28．C【導語】本文主要對界限作出了解釋并講述了界限的重要性，最后講述了青少年應如何與他人建立界限。25．推理判斷題。根據“Asanexpressionofself-worth,boundariesletotherpeopleknowwhotheyare,whattheyvalue,andhowtheywanttobetreated.”可知，界限讓其他人知道他們是誰，他們的價值觀是什么，以及他們希望被如何對待。選項D“你讓你的朋友知道你想被禮貌地對待?！狈辖⒔缦薜睦印９蔬xD。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據“Settingboundarieswithotherpeoplenotonlyhelpskeepteenssafebutalsohelpprotecttheirmentalhealth.”可知，建立界限有助于建立健康的關系。故選D。27．最佳標題題。根據“Herearesometipsforsettingboundaries:●Identifytheirfeelings.●Trusttheirgut.●Identifytheirunacceptablebehaviors.●Knowabouttherisksofnotsettingboundaries.”可知，本段主要是講建立界限的方法。故選A。28．推理判斷題。本文主要講述了青少年和他人之間應建立一定的界限，這有助于他們建立良好的關系，因此最有可能來自于心靈驛站這部分。故選C。8.（2023·廣東廣州·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenanewcellphonestartstobesoldinstores,manypeoplerushouttobuyone.Weallwantthenewest,latestthing.Butwhatshouldwedowithouroldcellphones?MikeTownsendworksatTotalRecall,acellphonerecyclingcompany.“Don’tthrowyouroldphoneaway.Sendittousandwe’llrecycleit,”hesays.“Ifyouthrowitaway,itgoeswithotherrubbishtobecomelandfill.Inotherwords,itisputinabigholeintheground,anditbecomesabigproblem.”Cellphonescontainsomeharmfulmaterials,likeleadandcadmium(鎘).Theycanharmtheenvironment,wildlife,andevenhumans.Ifyourphonegoestoalandfill,theseharmfulmaterialscangetoutandgetintothewaterundertheground.That’sthewaterweneedfordrinkingorthewaterthatgoesintoriversortheocean.Millionsofcellphonesarethrownawayeveryyear.Thatresultsinalotoflandfillandproducesalotofharmfulmaterials.“AtTotalRecall,wetaketheoldphonesapart.Mostofthematerialsinacellphonecanberecycledandusedagain,”explainsMike.“Wesellthepartsandtheyareusedtomakenewproducts.Forexample,phonebatteriescontainnickel(鎳)andcadmium.Thenickelisusedtomakesteelandthecadmiumcanbeusedtomakenewbatteries.Theplasticcasesofthe