Unit3CelebrationsLesson1SpringFestival被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件高中英語(yǔ)北師大版

高一必修一英語(yǔ)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)+主動(dòng)形式

表被動(dòng)意義用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(The

Passive)教材自主探究觀察以下教材原句并思考黑體部分的功能。1.SpringFestivalishighlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.2.First,thehousewas

cleanedfromtoptobottom.3.MostoftheimportantSpringFestivaltraditionsarestillbeing

practisedbypeopleacrossthecountry.4.Fireworkswere

being

let

offacrossthecity,suddenlylightingupthenightsky.5.Throughouthistory,someoftheoriginalcustomshavechanged,butthespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeen

kept.語(yǔ)法精要點(diǎn)撥一、概述1.概念語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,它表示句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。語(yǔ)態(tài)通常分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。2.構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般由“系動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。系動(dòng)詞be本身無(wú)詞義,但有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。3.用法(1)不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。*Myhousehas

just

been

decorated.我的房子剛裝修完畢。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。*Englishis

spokenallovertheworld.全世界都說英語(yǔ)。(3)出于婉轉(zhuǎn)、禮貌等不提出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。*Muchhas

been

saidbutlittlehas

been

doneabouttheissue.關(guān)于這個(gè)問題已經(jīng)說了很多但做得很少。(4)習(xí)慣用法。這類詞常見的有born,determine,devote,seat,dress,absorb等。*Thehost

was

dressedinapin-stripedsuit.主持人穿著一身細(xì)條紋西裝。5.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意，含有動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí),其中的介詞和副詞不可漏掉。Childrenaretakengoodcareofinourvillage.在我們村,孩子們被照顧得很好。Shewastakentothenearbyhospitalandwasoperatedonimmediately.她被帶到附近的醫(yī)院,并立即進(jìn)行了手術(shù)。6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成形式:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Youshouldbepraisedbytheteacher.你應(yīng)當(dāng)受到老師的表?yè)P(yáng)。Yourhomeworkmustbehandedinthisafternoon.你的作業(yè)必須今天下午交?？键c(diǎn)串講一：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.“be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

多數(shù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“be動(dòng)詞+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞"構(gòu)成的。be動(dòng)詞本身無(wú)詞義，但有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上許多人都說英語(yǔ)。Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被這個(gè)男孩打碎了。Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一條新路。Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.這個(gè)問題現(xiàn)在正被討論。Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他們說他們已經(jīng)被邀請(qǐng)參加派對(duì)了。考點(diǎn)串講一：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成2.“get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可換成get,構(gòu)成“get十過去分詞”,常表示結(jié)果或狀態(tài)。About30passengersgotkilledinthattrafficaccident.在那次交通事故中約有30名乘客喪生。Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyouwon'thavetimetogetchangedbeforetheparty.薩拉，快點(diǎn)?？峙略谂蓪?duì)開始前你沒有時(shí)間換衣服了?？键c(diǎn)串講二：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)名稱被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+過去分詞一般過去時(shí)was/were+過去分詞過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+過去分詞過去完成時(shí)had+been+過去分詞一般將來時(shí)will/shall+be+過去分詞過去將來時(shí)would+be+過去分詞即學(xué)活用

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Itissaidthattheoldbridge_________(build)manyyearsago.

(2)Thelecture____________(make)byJoeSmithinthelecturehalltomorrowmorning.

(3)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane—_______________________

(view)asimportantwaysforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.

(4)Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________________(offer)jobsbyadozencomputercompanies.

(5)Youcan’tusemycarbecauseit________________(repair)now.

wasbuilt

willbemade

isviewed/hasbeenviewedhadbeenofferedisbeingrepaired

即學(xué)活用

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Itiswellknowntoallthatfootball_________(play)allovertheworld.

(2)Thismathsproblemcan___________(work)outeasilybylittleTom.

(3)Iwillgiveyouamonthtoraisetheflowers.ThenIwillseewhoseflowergrowsbest.Thewinner______________(buy)afavoritegift.

(4)Sofar,manyman-madesatellites______________

(send)intospacebyChina.

(5)Thefatherwenttotheshopattheparkwherethefestival______________(hold),andboughtakiteandarollofthreadforhisson.

isplayed

beworked

willbeboughthavebeensentwasbeingheld三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的高頻考點(diǎn)1.感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞have,make,let主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是不帶to的不定式,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),該不定式前要帶to。*Theteachermade

me

gooutoftheclassroom.→Iwas

made

to

gooutoftheclassroombytheteacher.老師讓我走出教室。即學(xué)活用

句型轉(zhuǎn)換/完成句子(1)Theteachermadetheboycorrectthemistakesinhiscomposition.→Theboy___________________themistakesinhiscompositionbytheteacher.

(2)TomissaidtohavestudiedinParisforfouryears.→_____________TomhasstudiedinParisforfouryears.

(3)IgavehimsomepracticaladviceonhowtomemorizeEnglishwordsefficiently.→_____________somepracticaladviceonhowtomemorizeEnglishwordsefficientlybyme.

→_______________________________himonhowtomemorizeEnglishwordsefficientlybyme.

(4)我跟孩子們玩的時(shí)候把表弄壞了。____________________whenIwasplayingwiththechildren.

wasmadetocorrect

Itissaidthat

Hewasgiven

Somepracticaladvicewasgivento

Mywatchgotbroken

四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。(1)英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞,如sell,wash,open,lock,read,write等,當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí),常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語(yǔ)通常是物。*Thiskindofclothwasheswell.這種布很好洗。*Thepenwritessmoothly.這支鋼筆寫起來很流暢。(2)表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”等的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ),如happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。*Greatchangeshave

taken

placeinmyhometowninthepastfewyears.在過去的幾年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。*Afirebroke

outinthishotellastnight.昨天夜里這家旅館發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。(3)系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式,有些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞如feel,sound,taste,look等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。*Thedecorations

lookelegant.這些裝飾品看起來很高雅。(4)在need,want,require等詞的后面,動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。*Thehouseneedsrepairing/to

be

repaired.這間房子需要修理。2.不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的三種情況。(1)不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),常見的有appear,die,disappear,rise,end,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,loseheart,takeplace等。*I’mconvincedthatmydreamwillcome

true.我堅(jiān)信我的夢(mèng)想會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。*Thecustom

remainsinsomeareasofthecountry.這個(gè)習(xí)俗在這個(gè)國(guó)家的一些地區(qū)仍然保留著。(2)有些及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),常見的有fit,have,hold,own,wish,cost,agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,takepartin,belongto等。*Thefirecrackers

costmeabout200yuan.這些鞭炮花了我大約200元。*Asisknowntoall,Chinabelongs

todevelopingcountries.眾所周知,中國(guó)屬于發(fā)展中國(guó)家。即學(xué)活用

單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子(1)Thiskindofcloth_____(sell)well.(2)Theidea_______(sound)nice.Let’sputitintopracticeassoonaspossible.(3)Thenewly-plantedtreesneed_____________________(water)immediately.

(4)Thejacket_____(cost)himmorethan$100.(5)我的T恤很好洗,我的褲子不需要洗,所以我今天幾乎不需要洗衣服。MyT-shirt___________andmytrousersdon’tneed____________________,soIhardlyneedtodowashingtoday.

sells

sounds

watering/tobewateredcost

washeswell

washing/tobewashed語(yǔ)法對(duì)接高考Ⅰ.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(2023?新高考Ⅰ卷?閱讀理解B)Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthat________(leave)waspurewater.

2.(2023?新高考Ⅰ卷?完形填空)AsforBailey,sheismorecuriousaboutwhyheract_____________(consider)abigdeal.

3.(2023?全國(guó)甲卷?閱讀理解B)ThoughDIY____traditionally__________(see)asmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.

wasleft

isconsidered

has

beenseen

4.(2023?全國(guó)甲卷?語(yǔ)法填空)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill____________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.

5.(2023?浙江1月高考?閱讀理解A改編)Allcampsessions___________(create)withage-appropriate(適齡的)activitiesthataresuitableforthemultiplewaysthatkidslearn.

beemployed

arecreated

Ⅱ.單句寫作1.(2023?新高考Ⅰ卷?閱讀理解B)Whenhegot