新世紀(jì)研究生公共英語教材聽說(上)全原文、解析、答案

.......專業(yè)word可編輯.新世紀(jì)研究生公共英語教材聽說（上）聽力原文Lesson1Music1.M:Bytheway,Jane,didyoutalktotheconsultant顧問aboutournewhealthprogram?

W:Icontacted聯(lián)系hisofficebuthissecretarysaidhewould（beoutfor）試圖得到lunchuntiltwo.

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?B.shecouldn’ttalktotheconsultantbeforetwo2.W:Weneedtoleteveryoneknowaboutthecharity[?t??riti]n.慈愛concert,butwedon'thavemuchmoneyforadvertising.

M:Howaboutusingtheschoolradiostation?Theybroadcastfreepublicservice服務(wù)announcements.通告

Q:

Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?

c.Asktheschoolradiostationforhelp

3.W:Idon'tunderstandwhythisself-study自學(xué)bookdoesn'thaveanswerstothequestions.

M:Butitdoes.Youcanfindthematthebackofthebook.Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouttheself-studybook?d.thebookdoesincludetheanswer4.M:Thenewsalesmanagersayshehasnevermetyoubefore.

W:We'vebeenintroducedaboutthreetimes.Heseemsalittleforgetful.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthenewsalesmanager?B.Heprobablyhasapoormemory5.M:Haveyouhadthebrakes[breik]n制動(dòng)器;閘;剎車.andtireschecked?Anddoyouhaveenoughmoney?

W:Ihavetakencareofeverything.AndI'msureit'sgoingtobeawonderful極好的,精彩的,絕妙的trip.Q:What'sthewomangoingtodo?D.spendsometimetravelling6.M:I'vehadmynewstereo立體聲forawholeweek,butIhaven'tyetfiguredout想到howtorecordmusic.

W:Didn'taninstructionmanual[?m?nju?l]手冊(cè)形式的，像手冊(cè)的；教范性質(zhì)的comewithit?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?Bthemanshouldrefertotheinstructionmanual7.W:Iwanttopayyouforthatlong-distancecallImade.But,Isupposeyouhaven'tgottenyourphonebillyet,

M:Oh,butIhave.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?Ahehasreceivedhistelephonebill.8.M:ProfessorSmithassignedusthreemorenovelstoread.

W:Hemustthinkyoudon'thaveanyotherclasses.

Q:WhatcanbeinferredaboutProfessorSmith?Bheassignstoomuchwork9.M:Let'sgowatchthefireworks煙花tonight.

W:Ihaveticketstothetheater.

Q:

Whatplandoesthemanhasthatnight?Bhe’llgoandwatchthefireworks10.M:Iamexhausted筋疲力盡的.Istayedup熬夜thewholenightstudyingformyhistorymidtermexam.

W:Whydoyoualwayswaittillthelastminute?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman?Ahehadbadstudyhabits11.M:I'llbecomingstraightfromwork,soI'llhavetopack包裝；捆扎achangeofclothes.

W:It'sonlyabarbecue[?bɑ:bikju:](常用于室外的)金屬烤架.JeansandT-shirtswillbefine.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?DCasualdresswillbeappropriate12.W:I'mgoingtothesnack[sn?k]小吃;點(diǎn)心;快餐barforacupofcoffee.Wouldyoulikemetobringyoubacksomething?M:Notfromthesnackbar,butcouldyoupickupapaperforme?

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?Chewantshertogethimanewspaper13.M:Idon'tunderstandhowthisbudgetwascalculated[?k?lkjuleit]計(jì)算,估計(jì),核算.

W:Letmehavealook,OK?

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?Cshe’lltrytoseewhatmethodwasused14.W:Weneedafourthplayerfortennisthismorning.Doyouwanttojoinus?

M:I'vegotaclassatnine,butCarolisfreeandsheisreallygood.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?BaskCaroltoplaytennis15.W:Haveyousavedenoughtobuythatnewprinterforyourcomputeryet?

M:Youknow,moneyseemstobeburningaholeinmypocketlately.Maybenextmonth.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanlikelytodothefollowingmonth?Aheislikelytobuyanewprinterthefollowingmonth.PassageII:AmericanMusicOneofAmerica'smostimportantexports出口ishermodernmusic.Americanmusicisplayedallovertheworld.Itisenjoyedbythepeopleofallagesinallcountries.Althoughthelyrics['liriks]歌詞areEnglish,peoplenotspeakingEnglishcanenjoyittoo.Thereasonsforitspopularity普遍,流行;areitsfastpace[peis步子；節(jié)奏andrhythmic[?r?em?k]有韻律的,有節(jié)奏的beat[bi:t]節(jié)拍,拍子.Themusichasmanyorigins[??rid?in]起點(diǎn);來源intheUnitedStates.Countrymusic,comingfromtherural農(nóng)村的，鄉(xiāng)村的areasinthesouthernUnitedStates,isonesource來源,出處.Countrymusicfeatures以…為物色是…特征simplethemes題目，主題，andmelodies曲調(diào),歌曲describingday-to-daysituations形勢(shì);情況andthefeelingsofcountrypeople.Manypeopleappreciate欣賞,賞識(shí),thismusicbecauseoftheemotions情感，感情expressedbycountrymusicsongs.AsecondoriginofAmericanpopularmusicistheblues[blu:z]布魯斯歌曲；藍(lán)調(diào)歌曲.Itdepicts描述mostlysadfeelingsreflecting表達(dá);反映thedifficultlivesofAmericanblacks.Itisusuallyplayedandsungbyblackmusicians,butitispopularwithallAmericans.（Rockmusic）搖滾音樂isanewerformofmusic.Thismusicstyle風(fēng)格,featuring.以…為物色是…特征fastandrepetitious重復(fù)的;反復(fù)的rhythms節(jié)奏,wasinfluencedbytheblues布魯斯歌曲；藍(lán)調(diào)歌曲andcountrymusic.Itwasfirstknownasrock-and-rollinthe1950s.Sincethentherehavebeenmanyformsofrockmusic:hardrock,softrock,

andothers.Manyperformersofpopularmusicareyoungmusicians.Americanpopularmusicismarketed在市場(chǎng)上出售某物toademanding(顧客的)需求、需要audience觀眾,聽眾;讀者.Nowpopularsongsareheardontheradioseveraltimesaday.Somesongshavebecomepopularallovertheworld.Peoplehearthesesongssungintheiroriginal起初的;原來的Englishorsometimestranslatedintootherlanguages.Thewordsmaydifferbuttheenjoymentofthemusicisuniversal普遍的.1.WhichgroupofpeopleenjoyAmericanmusic?DAlloftheabove2.WhyisAmericanmusicsopopularinallcountries?DBecauseithasafastpaceandrhythmicbeat3.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?CThebluesisusuallyplayedbyblackmusicians4.Whatdoyouknowfromthepassage?CRockmusicwasinfluencedbythebluesandcountrymusic5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?CThewordsofsongsdiffer,andsodoestheenjoymentofAmericanpopmusicPassageIII:MusicinDifferentCulturesInwesternculturemusicisregardedasgoodbybirth在血統(tǒng)上,生來,andsoundsthatarewelcomearesaidtobe"musictotheears".Insomeothercultures文化--forexample,Islamic伊斯蘭的,伊斯蘭教的culture--itisoflittlevalue,associated(使)發(fā)生聯(lián)系,(使)聯(lián)合;結(jié)交,結(jié)伙withsin[sin]罪惡,罪孽andevil罪惡.IntheWestandinthehighculturesofAsia,itissaidthattherearethreetypesofmusic.First,classical古典的,經(jīng)典的music,composed組成,構(gòu)成andperformedbytrainedprofessionals具有某專業(yè)資格的人,專業(yè)人士originally最初underthesupportofcourts宮廷,宮室andreligious宗教的establishments建立,確立;second,folkmusic民間音樂,sharedbythepopulationatlargeandpassedon傳遞;傳授orally口頭上地,口述地,andthird,popularmusic,performedbyprofessionals,spread(使)傳播,(使)散布throughradio,television,records,film,andprint,andconsumed消耗，耗盡bythemasspublic.Musicisamajorcomponent成分,組成部分,部件,元件inreligious宗教的services,theater劇場(chǎng),戲院,,andentertainment娛樂,文娛節(jié)目,表演會(huì)ofallsorts.Themostuniversaluseofmusicisasapartofreligiousrituals儀式.Insometribal[?tra?b?l]部落的societies,musicappearstoserveasaspecialformofcommunicationwithsupernatural超自然的;鬼、神或幻術(shù)所引起的beings,anditsprominent顯著的;突出的useinmodernChristian基督教徒andJewish猶太人的;猶太教徒的servicesmaybetheleftoverofjustsuchanoriginal原始的purpose.Anotherlessobviousfunctionofmusicissocialadherence遵守;遵循；堅(jiān)持.Formostsocialgroups,musiccanserveasapowerfulsymbol象征,標(biāo)志.Membersofmostsocietiessharekeen熱衷的,熱心的,feelingsastowhatkindofmusicthey"belongto".Indeed,someminorities少數(shù),小部分including,intheU.S.A.,blackAmericansandEuro-Americangroupsusemusicasamajorsymbolofgroupidentity身份.Musicalsosymbolizes象征;作為…的象征military軍事的,軍用的;,patriotic[?p?tri??tik]愛國的,有愛國心的andfuneral葬禮,喪禮moods心情,情緒andevents.Inamoregeneral普遍的,全面的;sense,musicmayexpressthecentral最重要的,主要的,首要socialvaluesofasociety.Inwesternculture,theinterrelationship相互關(guān)系ofconductorandorchestra[??:kistr?]管弦樂隊(duì)symbolizestheneedforstrongcooperation合作,協(xié)作amongvariouskindsofspecialists專家,行家inamodernindustrialsociety.1.Inwhatcultureismusicregardedasgoodbybirth?CInWesternculture2.Whichofthefollowingisperformedbyprofessionals?BClassicalmusicandpopularmusic3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?CMusicisaspecialformofcommunicationwithsupernaturalbeinginAsia4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostuniversaluseofmusic?DReligiousritual宗教儀式5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsymbolized象征bymusic?DFriendship

Lesson2Holidays1.M:Doyoustillwanttogotothegraduate研究生的schoolafteryougetoutofcollege?

W:I'vechangedmymindaboutthat.IwanttostartworkingbeforeIgobacktoschool.

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?BShe‘snotgoingtograduatedschoolimmediatelyaftergraduation.2.M:We'vegotawholehourbeforetheBrownscomeby來串門,來訪topickusup安排接取;使搭乘;搭救.

W:Yeah.Butwe'dbettergetmoving趕快；快些開始.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydo?AHurry3.M:I'mthinkingofgettinganewprinter.

W:I'dinvestin在…上投資,在…投入(時(shí)間、精力等)alaser[?leiz?激光]printer.Theprintqualityismuchbetter.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?CThemanshouldbuyahigh-qualityprinter.4.W:I'vegotacoupon[?ku:p?n]配給券；（購物）票證；（購物）優(yōu)惠券forhalf-off五折dinneratthatnewrestaurantdownthestreet.IthinkI'lluseitwhenmycousin[?k?zn]堂[表]兄弟[姊妹]comesforavisitthisweekend.

M:Wheredidyougetit?Iwouldn'tmind（tryingthatplaceouttoo）試驗(yàn).

Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?CWherethewomangotcoupon5.W:What'sLauradoingheretoday?Ithoughtshewassupposed料想;猜想;以為tobeoutof離開了theofficeonMondays.

W:Shedecidedshe'dratherhaveFridaysoffinstead.

Q:WhatcanbeinferredaboutLaura?AShehaschangedherschedule6.M:Ineedtofindanewroommate<英>室友,住在同室的人.

W:SoJohn'sgoingtoCaliforniaafterall.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Btheman’scurrentroommateismoving7.M:Mymathassignment's工作,任務(wù)due到期的tomorrowmorningandIhaven'tevenstartedityet.

W:I'llmiss想念,惦記youatthepartytonight.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?Dthemanwon’tbeabletogototheparty8.W:Thosepackages包,包裹,包在一起的東西tookforever長(zhǎng)久地；（與動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)連用）老是，沒完沒了地toarrive.

M:Buttheydidarrive,didn'tthey?Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutthepackages?BTheyeventuallyarrived9.M:Myparentsarecomingtoseeourapartment一套房間,一戶thisweekend.

W:LooksasifI'dbetterlendyoumyvacuum[?v?kju?m]〈口〉真空吸塵器cleaner凈化器then.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?DTheman’sapartmentisdirty10.M:Sarah,didyouhaveachancetobuythatnewnovelyouwanted?

W:No,butIhadDorisgetitforme.

Q:

WhatdoesSarahsayaboutthenovel?DDorispurchaseditforher11.M:I'vebeenwaitingallweekforthisconcert.Thephilharmonic[filɑ:?m?nik]交響樂團(tuán)issupposedtobeexcellentandwithourstudentdiscoun[?diskaunt]數(shù)目,折扣ttheticketswillbereallycheap.

W:Uh--uh,I'mafraidIleftmystudentIDinmyotherpurse錢包.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?暗示,暗指CShewon’tbeabletogetthestudentdiscount12.M:Theuniversitybookstoreopensat9inthemorning.

W:Oh,dear.Ineedatextbook教科書,課本formyeighto'clockclasstoday.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?AShewon’tbeabletogetthebookbeforeclass13.M:Thestorm暴風(fēng)雨[雪]lastnightdamagedsomeoftheneighbor'sroofs.

W:nowonder不足為奇.

Q:Whatisthewomanreactiontothemansays?CSheisn’tsurprised14.M:You'vecertainly無疑地;確定地；肯定地beenreadingthatonepageforalongtimenow.

W:Well,I'mbeingtestedonittomorrow.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply暗示?Csheneedstoreadthepagecarefully15.W:Anotherthingweneedtodoisshowthenewstudentsaroundtown.Youknow,showthemallthesights視野；風(fēng)景ofthearea.

M:Idon'tseewhyweneedtodothatourselves.Iunderstandthevisitors'centeroffersawonderfulbustour旅行,觀光

Q:

Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?BSendthenewstudentsonabustourofcityPARTBPassageI:

PeopleintheUSgetatwo-weekpaid有報(bào)酬的;領(lǐng)取報(bào)酬的vacationfromtheirjobeveryyear.MostBritishpeoplehavefourorfiveweekspaidholidayayear.Americansoftencomplain抱怨,訴苦;投訴thattwoweeksisnotenoughespeciallywhentheyhearaboutthelongerholidaysthatEuropeansenjoy.Inaddition,thereareeightdaysineachEuropeancountry,whicharepublicholidays(theBritishcallBankHoliday)andmanyofthesefallon落到,輪到aMondaygivingpeoplealongweekend.

WhatdopeopledoinBritainandtheUSwhentheyareonholidays?IntheUS,outdoorvacationsarepopular,forexample,attheGrandCanyon峽谷orYellowstoneorothernationalparksorforests.Youngpeoplemaygowalkingorcamping宿營,露營inthemountains.Manypeoplehavesmalltrailers拖車,掛車inwhichtotravel,oriftheyareinacar,theymaystayatmotels汽車旅館onthejourney旅行;行程;.DisneylandandDisneyworldarealsopopularandpeoplecangoskiingintheRocky洛磯MountainsofColorado科羅拉多州,Wyoming懷俄明州andMontana蒙大納(美國州名).

Somechildrengotosummercampforaholidayduringthesummervacationfromschool,wheretheydospecialactivities,suchassportsorcrafts技巧；技能；技藝.WhenAmericanswantaholidayforfuninthesun,theyusuallygotoFlorida,Hawaii,MexicoortheCaribbean.TheymaygotoEuropeforculture,forexample,toseeart,plays,andplacesofhistoric歷史上著名（或重要）的interest.

InBritain,manypeopleliketogototheseasideforholidays.Thereareplacesnearthesea,suchasBackpool,Scarborough斯卡波羅andBournemouth伯恩茅斯,wherethereisplenty充裕,大量,富庶todoevenwhenitrains.Peoplealsoliketogotothecountry,especiallytowalk,inplaceslikeScotland,WalesandtheLake湖泊District.WhentheBritishgoabroadtheyusuallywanttogosomewherewarm.SpainandtheSpanishislandsofMajoreaandIbiza伊比沙島arepopularasareotherplacesinsouthernEurope.Forskiing,peopleoftengototheAlps阿爾卑斯山.1.HowlongapaidvacationcanAmericansenjoyeveryyear?ATwoweeks2.HowmanydaysarethereaboutpublicholidaysforEuropeansinayear?CEightdays3.

WheredoAmericansusuallygoforfuninthesun?DFlorida4.WheredoAmericansusuallyspendtheirholidaysforculture?CEurope5.BritishpeopleusuallygotoSpainforholidays.Whatfor?BForskiingPassageII:EverycountryintheworldcelebratesNewYearbutnoteveryonedoesitonthesameday.ThecountriesofNorthandSouthAmericaandEuropewelcometheNewYearonJanuary1.ThispracticebeganwiththeRomans.JuliusCaesar,aRomanruler,changedthedateoftheNewYearfromthefirstdayofMarchtothefirstdayofJanuary.IntheMiddleEast,NewYearisonthedaywhenspringbegins.PeopleinChinacelebrateitontheSpringFestival,whichisthefirstdayoftheirlunar[?lju:n?]月的,月球的;按陰歷的calendar[?k?lind?]日歷,月歷.TheSpringFestivalusuallycomesbetweenJanuary21andFebruary19.RoshHashana猶太新年,whichistheJewishNewYear,comesattheendofsummer.

Inallofthesecultures,thereisatraditionofmakingnoise.Peoplemadenoiseinancienttimestodriveawaytheevil邪惡的,壞的，惡毒的spirits神靈,幽靈fromhome.Today,manypeopledoitwithfire-works.InJapan,peoplegofromhousetohousemakingnoisewithdrums鼓,鼓狀物andbamboo竹,竹竿sticks棍,棒.YoungpeopleinDenmark丹麥throwbrokenpiecesofjars罐子,廣口瓶orpotsagainstthesidesoffriends'houses.

IntheUnitedStates,manypeoplestayupuntilmidnightonNewYear'sEve前日,前夕towatchtheclockpassfromoneyeartothenext.FriendsoftengathertogetheratapartyonNewYear'sEve,andwhentheNewYearcomes,allring環(huán)狀物,圓圈bells鐘,鈴,電鈴,blow吹horns[h?:n]號(hào),號(hào)角,blowwhistle哨子,汽笛songs,andkisseachother.

InmanyEuropeancountries,familiesstartthenewyearbyfirstattendingchurchservices,whichisfollowedbypayingcallsonfriendsandrelatives.ItalianboysandgirlsreceivegiftsofmoneyonNewYear'sDay.NewYear'sDayismorejoyful快樂的,高興的thanChristmas圣誕節(jié)inFranceandScotland.InthesecountriesChristmasisareligiousholidayonly,whiletheNewYearisthetimeforgifts-giving,parties,andvisits.1.WhochangedthedateoftheNewYearfromMarch1toJanuary17ARomanruler2.WhendoestheJewishNewYearbegin?DAttheendofsummer3.WhydidpeoplemakenoiseinancienttimeswhentheycelebratedtheNewYear?DTodriveawayevilspiritsfromtheirhome4.Accordingtothespeaker,howdothechildreninDenmarkcelebratetheNewYear?ATheythrowbrokenpieceofjarsorpotsagainstthesidesoffriends’houses5.InwhichcountrydochildrenreceivegiftsofmoneyonNewYear'sDay?BItalyimportantfestivaloftheyearinFrance.

Lesson3Economy1.W:ThereportsaysalldepartmentsaremakingaprofitexcepttheAsiandepartment.M:Well,Mr.Smithseemstobethewrongpersontoheadthatdepartment.Onemorestepwrongandhewillberemovedfromthatoffice.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Mr.Smithwillbereplacedifhemakesanothermistake.2.W:Duringthelastthunderstorm,Inoticedseveralleaksinmybedroomceilingandtheyreallycausedamess.M:Maybeyouhavesomebrokentiles.Ihavethephonenumberofagoodroofingcompanythatcoulddoagoodrepairjobforyouatareasonableprice.Q:Whatcanweconcludefromthisconversation?A.Theroofofthewoman’shouseneedstoberepaired.3.W:Howdidyoudoonthemathexam,John?M:Ibarelymadeit.ItwasjustapassingscorebutbetterthanIhadexpected.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?B.Johndidbetterthanhethoughthewasableto.4.M:IwonderwhatmakesMothersoupsetthesedays?W:Fatheriscancelinghisvacationtrip.Hepromisedtotakeherabroadlastyear,butthecompanyisagainaskingfathertopostponehisvacation.Q:Whyistheirmotherunhappy?A.Theirfatherisunabletokeephispromise.5.W:Friday'sspeakerissupposedtobewonderful.Areyouattendingtheseminarthatday?M:Yes,butIhaven'tbeenabletogetaticketyet.Sincethelectureisopentothepublic,Iimaginetheticketsmayhavealreadybeensoldout.Q:Whyisthemanafraidhewon'tbeabletoattendtheseminar?D.Hethinksthattheremightnotbeanmoreticketsavailable.6.M:Couldyoulendmeyourbiologynotes?W:Doyouthinkyou'llbeabletomakeoutmyhandwriting?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplyaboutthenotes?C.Theymightbehardtoread.7.W:DidyoupickupmybooksfromRon'shouse?M:Sorry.Itslippedmymind.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?B.Heforgottogetthebooks.8.W:Wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithustonight?M:Tothemovies?Tonightisthebiggestconcertoftheyear.Q:Whatdoesthemanlikelytodoatthatnight?A.Heislikelytogototheconcert.9.M:JustonepersoninthewholeclassgotanAonthetest!YOU!W:ALLRIGHT!!!Q:Whatdoesthewomanfeelonhearwhatthemansays?D.Sheisverypleased.10.W:Wearehavingapartyatourhouseontheweekendofthe30th.Wouldyouliketojoinus?M:Thatsoundslikealotoffun.ButI'llneedtocheckmycalendarfirst.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?B.Hemayalreadyhaveplans.11.M:I'vebeenrunningamileeveryafternoonforthepastmonth.ButIstillhaven'tbeenabletolosemorethanapoundortwo.Iwonderifit'sworthit.W:Oh,don'tgiveupnow.Italwaysseemshardwhenyouarejuststartingout.Q:Whatdoesthemandoaccordingtothewoman’sadvice?D.Continuehisexerciseprogram.12.M:I'mgoingtothevegetablestandtoday.CanIpickupanythingforyou?W:No,thanks.Ijustcamebackfromthemarketmyself.Q:Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman’soffer?C.Shehasbeentothemarket.13.M:Idon'tunderstandwhyIreceivedsuchalowgradeonmytermpaper.W:Youshouldmakeanappointmentwiththeprofessortodiscussit.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Seehisprofessoraboutthepaper.14.M:Thesoundofallthattrafficisdrivingmeoutofmymind.W:Itishad.Butthehighwaywillreopentomorrow,thenwewon'thaveallthosecarspassingbyanymore.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?D.Thetrafficwon’tdetourafterthefollowingday.15.W:Iinvitedyourmothertolunchyesterday.Butshesaidshedidn'thaveanyfreetime.M:Yeah.Shejustgotanewjob.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?D.Hismother’snewjobkeepsherbusy.PassageI:EstablishedonJanuary1,1995,WorldTradeOrganizationisthesuccessortotheGeneralAgreementonTariffs（關(guān)稅）andTrade(GATT).Itexiststopromoteafree-marketinternationaltradesystem.TheWTOpromotestradeby:1.reducingtariffs;2.prohibitingimportorexportbansorquotas（定量）;3.eliminatingdiscriminationagainstforeignproductsandservices;4.eliminatingotherimpedimentstotrade,commonlycalled"non-tarifftradebarriers''.WithChina'ssuccessfulentryintoWTOinNov2001,itcurrentlyhas135membercountries,accountingforover90%ofworldtrade.Over30othersarenegotiatingmembership.TheWTO'stop-leveldecision-makingbodyistheministerialconferencewhichmeetsatleastonceeverytwoyears.Overthree-quartersofWTOmembersaredevelopingcountries.SpecialprovisionsforthesemembersareincludedintheWTO'sagreements.GATTisnowtheWTO'sprincipalrule-book.Decisionsaremadebytheentiremembershipbyconsensusormajorityvote.TheWTO'sagreementshavebeenratifiedinallmembers'parliaments.Ifatradebarrierisfoundtobeunfair,theWTOcanauthorizetheimpositionoftradesanctionstoforceachangeinthatcountry'slaw.TheWTOexemptstradebarrierswhicharedesignedtoconservenaturalresourcesorprotecthealth.CriticssaytheWTOcreditsagreementsareskewedinfavorofrichcountries.Thewestmaypreachtradeliberalization,butithasusednegotiationstoprizethirdworldmarketwhilekeepingitsownbarriersintact.1.WhenwastheWorldTradeOrganizationestablished?B.OnJanuary1,1995.2.WhatistheaimofestablishingtheWTO?D.Topromoteafree-marketinternationaltradesystem.3.Accordingtothepassage,howmanymembercountriesdoestheWTOcurrentlyhave?A.134.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?C.TheWTO’stopleveldecision-makingbodymeetsatleastonceeachyear.5.WhatdoestheWTOdoifatradebarrierisfoundtobeunfairinacertaincountry?A.TheWTOauthorizestheimpositionoftradesanctionsonthecountry.1.GATT,2.over90%,3.theministerialconference,4.conservenaturalresources,protecthealth,5.infavorofrichcountries.PassageIIWorldfinancialcirclesaffirmthatthisyearhaswitnessedthemostforcefuleconomicgrowthoverthepast13years.Thegrowthrateisexpectedtoreach4.7percent,muchhigherthanthe2.5percentin1998andthe3.3percentin1999.Theaverageeconomicgrowthrateofdevelopedcountriesmayreach4.2percentthisyear.TheUSeconomycontinuestoleadthetideoftheworldeconomicgrowth,withitseconomicgrowthrategettingcloseto5.2percent.TheEuropeaneconomicsituationisalsobetterthanthatinpreviousyears,andtheaveragegrowthrateofthe11countriesintheEurozoneistoreach3.5percent.TheJapaneseeconomyhasfreeditselffromaslump,anditsgrowthratethisyearmayreach1.9percent,higherthantheaveragegrowthrateinthepast10years.Theaverageeconomicgrowthrateofthedevelopingcountriesthisyearcanreach5.6percent.TheeconomicdevelopmentintheAsiandevelopingregionshasattractedpeople'sattention.Theirgrowthratethisyearmayreach7.1percent.TheRussianeconomyhashadanunexpected,strongrecoveryfromthe1998crisis,withthegrowthratepossiblyreaching6percent.Amongthemanyfactorsthathaveboostedworldeconomicgrowth,thegrowinginformationtechnologicalindustryisplayinganincreasinglyoutstandingrole.Theinformationtechnologicalindustryisbecomingaleadingindustryinthenationaleconomyandaneweconomicgrowthpoint.Accordingtoexperts'estimate,filecurrentcontributionrateoftheinformationtechnologicalindustrytotheworldeconomicgrowthis18.2percent.ItsratiointhegrowthoftheUSeconomyisevenhigher,standingatone-third.Theinformationtechnologicalindustryiscurrentlytheworld,economicsectorexperiencingrapiddevelopmentandiscreatingever-morewealth,Theintegrationofthetraditionaleconomyandthewebeconomyhasbecomethepresentdevelopmenttrendoftheworldeconomy.1.Theyaffirmthattheyear2000haswitnessedthemostforcefuleconomicgrowthoverthepast13years.2.TheRussianeconomy.3.18.2%.4.Theinformationtechnologicalindustry.5.Thepresentdevelopmenttrendoftheworldeconomyistheintegrationofthetraditionaleconomyandthewebeconomy.1)4.2%,2)5.2%,3)3.5%,4)1.9%,5)5.6%,6)7.1%,7)6%PassageIII:PresidentJiangZeminsaidonNovember16,2000thatinthedevelopmentofa"NewEconomy",itisessentialtotakeadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology.HemadethisaddressattheeighthinformalmeetingofleadersoftheAPECforum.Heexplainedthatthe"NewEconomy"referstothekindofeconomyinitiatedandsustainedbynewtechnologiesandhi-techindustries.Theadvancementoftechnology,ledbyITandbiotechnologyindustries,isgivingrisetoanewindustrialrevolution,Jiangsaid.Developingcountriesarefacedwiththedifficulttaskofbothtransformingtheirtraditionalindustriesanddevelopingnewindustries,Jiangnoted,addingthatcontinuedexpansionofthe'digitaldivide"haswidenedthewealthgapbetweenNorthandSouthandmaytriggernewimbalancesintheworldeconomy."Againstthebackgroundofacceleratedeconomicglobalizationandthedynamicprogressofscienceandtechnology,wemustfacilitatecooperationbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountriesonexchangesofhumanresources,technologyandinfrastructure,andwemusthelpcountriesdevelopindependentlytonarrowtheNorth-Southgap."Today,thedevelopment,applicationandimpactofscienceandtechnologyfartranscendsnationalboundaries.Forexample,everymajorbreakthroughmadeinthehumangenomeprojectisacrystallizationofcooperationbetweenscientistsfromanumberofcountries.Onlywhenappliedinaglobalcontextcantheachievementsofscienceandtechnologybenefitpeople",Jiangsaid.Healsonotedthateconomicglobalizationshouldstressthepopularizationofscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.Theprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsshouldbeguidedbymarketrulesinsuchawaythattheruleswillbehelpfultothespreadofscientificandtechnologicalknowledge,sothatallcountriesmaybenefit,headded.1.OnNovember16,2000.2.Itisessentialtotakeadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsin